Applications of biomaterials in reconstructive gynecology.

This review comprehensively describes the applications of biomaterials in gynecology, focusing on their role in treating gynecological disorders, reconstructive procedures and minimally invasive surgeries. It highlights the latest advancements, such as biocompatibility, innovative implants and biodegradable materials. This article also provides information about biomaterials used for vaginal and pelvic wall reconstruction in pelvic organ prolapse patients, as well as its use in minimally invasive surgical procedures and infertility treatment (including assisted reproductive technologies (ART)). The application of biomaterials in gynecological oncology is also discussed, as biomaterials - particularly those incorporating nanotechnology - enable selective drug delivery and targeted cancer therapy. We highlight the current clinical challenges and unmet needs while offering a forward-looking perspective on the potential of biomaterials in advancing regenerative medicine, personalized treatments and improving outcomes for women's health. We aim to provide some directions for future research and the development of novel biomaterials that can improve gynecological care.