Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Enhancement of drought stress tolerance in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) through the application of carbon nanoparticles","authors":"Jiyue Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenghong Liu ,&nbsp;Nian Chen ,&nbsp;Xiuhuan Meng ,&nbsp;Chenggang Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to investigate the impact of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) on seed germination, seedling growth, nutrient uptake, and the physio-biochemical characteristics of seedlings under water-limited conditions, along with the regulation of gene expression. Okra seeds were treated with CNPs at concentrations of 0, 25 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 200 mg/L, with germination tests conducted using drought conditions simulated through PEG-6000 solutions. A pot experiment was designed to assess plant growth, nutrient uptake, physio-biochemical properties, and transcriptomic changes. Four specific CNP concentrations (0 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg) and three watering intervals (every 3 days, 6 days, and 8 days) were employed. The results demonstrate that CNPs application significantly enhanced the germination characteristics of okra seeds under water deficit stress, leading to improved root development, nutrient (N/P/K) uptake, and various photosynthetic traits, including chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO₂ concentration, and transpiration rate. Additionally, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), along with the accumulation of glycine betaine, total phenols, total flavonoids, and total soluble sugar, were notably higher in CNP-treated seedlings compared to those without CNPs across different water-limited scenarios. Transcriptomic analysis revealed differential expression of genes, particularly those related to starch and sucrose metabolism. These findings underscore the beneficial role of CNPs in enhancing seed germination and seedling growth of okra under drought stress, while also providing valuable insights into the optimal application levels of CNPs to boost agricultural productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110234"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthocyanin profiles and transcriptional control in anthocyanin-rich Brassica carinata","authors":"Hongbo Chao ,&nbsp;Xue Zhao ,&nbsp;Fan Wang ,&nbsp;Xinjie Li ,&nbsp;Yizhen Feng ,&nbsp;Xuejie Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiacheng Ma ,&nbsp;Weiguo Zhao ,&nbsp;Jinyong Huang ,&nbsp;Maoteng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Brassica carinata</em> has gained traction as an alternative biofuel feedstock in many countries, and serves as a well-known dual-purpose crop for both oilseed and leafy vegetable production. The purple varieties, which are rich in anthocyanins, are usually more eye-catching and beneficial to health. In this study, eleven cyanidin 3-glycoside-5-glucoside derivatives with different acyl modifications were characterized in two purple varieties of <em>B. carinata</em> (ZJC, which has an obvious purple stem, and ZJ, which has both purple stems and leaves) using an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system coupled with a high-resolution mass spectrometer (HRMS). In ZJ, the main anthocyanins are modified with a malonyl group at the C5 position, whereas such modifications are not found in ZJC. A total of 141 anthocyanin biosynthetic genes (ABGs) were identified in the <em>B. carinata</em> genome, and these genes were combined with the comparative transcriptome analysis based on RNA-Seq of leaves and stem peel from two purple varieties and one green variety to investigate the mechanisms underlying anthocyanin accumulation. A comprehensive synthetic and regulatory pathway for anthocyanin biosynthesis was proposed for <em>B. carinata</em>, and the ABGs in the pathway, particularly the late biosynthetic and transport genes, were predominantly regulated at the transcriptional level in pigmented tissues. Furthermore, the R2R3 MYB transcription factor BcaB05. MYB114 was verified as a crucial and conserved regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis through its interactions with TT8 and TTG1 in <em>Brassica</em> species. This study opens new avenues for engineering anthocyanin-enriched <em>B. carinata</em> with improved horticultural quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110274"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for a polyphosphatase-like enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of long-chain polyphosphates in the rhizosphere","authors":"Natalie Toren ,&nbsp;Ran Erel","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyphosphates (poly-Ps), composed of two or more phosphate units, become plant-available only after hydrolysis to orthophosphate (ortho-P). While microbial polyphosphatase enzymes are well documented, no evidence exists for extracellular poly-P-hydrolyzing enzymes secreted by plants into the rhizosphere. This study aimed to evaluate plant capacity to hydrolyze long-chain and cyclic poly-P forms and to identify extracellular hydrolytic activity.</div><div>Six plant species were grown in sterile media supplemented with either cyclic poly-P or ortho-P to assess their capacity to hydrolyze and utilize different P sources. Species varied markedly in their ability to use poly-P. Lettuce displayed poor growth, while pepper achieved biomass levels comparable to ortho-P, providing direct evidence of rhizospheric hydrolytic activity. Hydrolysis assays using intact tissues confirmed significantly higher activity in pepper roots compared to lettuce, with leaves showing the lowest activity in both species.</div><div>Protein extracts from pepper roots were assayed for enzymatic activity. Heat treatment eliminated hydrolysis, confirming enzymatic mediation. Liquid chromatography enabled the isolation of a ∼20 kDa protein exhibiting high poly-P hydrolytic activity, exceeding that of known plant phosphatases. Mass spectrometry of the active fraction identified a <em>Capsicum annuum</em> protein (STH-21) with no close bacterial homologs, supporting its plant origin. The active fraction showed strong poly-P hydrolysis, with efficiency declining as chain length increased.</div><div>This study provides the first evidence of a polyphosphatase-like enzyme in vascular plants. The discovery of an extracellular, root-derived enzyme capable of long-chain poly-P hydrolysis challenges the prevailing view that plants depend solely on soil microorganisms for hydrolyzation of complex poly-Ps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110263"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome mapping of unfertilized pea flowers under high temperature: insights into gene regulatory networks genomics resources","authors":"Chanderkant Chaudhary ,&nbsp;Meenakshi Kanwar ,&nbsp;Parul Sirohi ,&nbsp;Kumar Ankit Anand ,&nbsp;Sohini Barua ,&nbsp;Jaswinder Singh ,&nbsp;Harsh Chauhan","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat stress is the most significant environmental constraint on pea production, and heat tolerance mechanisms are mediated through a variety of pathways. Pea (<em>Pisum sativum</em> L.) cultivar Arka Chaitra (AC) is considered a heat tolerant variety, whereas cultivar Matar Ageta (MA) is heat sensitive. Transcriptome profiling of two pea cultivars, AC and MA, was conducted under control and heat stress (HS) conditions to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and identify genes associated with heat tolerance. In this study, we initially reported the repertoire of morpho-physiological traits namely pod number (PNP), weight of pods (PW), seed number/pod (SNP) and weight of seed/pod (SW) during HS conditions in AC and MA. Subsequently, Pollen viability assay was performed to further examine the pollen behavior under HS. Morpho-physiological analysis revealed that cultivar AC exhibited greater number of pods and seeds, as well as higher pod and seed weights, compared to MA under HS. Furthermore, pollen viability in cultivar AC was reduced by 23 %, whereas in cultivar MA, it was reduced by 41 %, indicating that AC exhibits robust tolerance mechanisms under HS conditions. Based on these observations, we delve deeper to investigate the regulatory mechanisms by profiling the transcriptomes of cultivars AC and MA using RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) under HS. We selected a subset of genes, including heat shock transcription factors, and heat shock proteins involved in heat resilience, to validate the RNA-Seq expression patterns using quantitative RT-PCR, which revealed higher expression levels in AC compared to MA. Furthermore, gene ontology (GO) analysis of the identified DEGs revealed significant enrichment of GO terms associated with pollen and flower development, heat stress proteins, and plastid development in the tolerant variety, whereas, the susceptible variety was enriched with GO terms related to cell morphogenesis, cell growth, and cell wall biogenesis. These findings provide <em>in-depth</em> analysis of genes and pathways contributing to thermotolerance in pea cultivars AC and MA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110268"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis revealed heterosis for cadmium tolerance in maize","authors":"Pingxi Wang,&nbsp;Min Li,&nbsp;Xingye Ma,&nbsp;Bin Zhao,&nbsp;Xining Jin,&nbsp;Shilin Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoxiang Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangyuan Wu,&nbsp;Huaisheng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heterosis describes superior performance of F₁ hybrids over parents in yield and stress tolerance, yet its role in Cd tolerance remains poorly characterized in maize. This study integrated physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses for the hybrid Zhengdan958 (ZD958) and its parents under cadmium (Cd) stress. Compared to parental lines, ZD958 consistently exhibited superior morphological traits (e.g., plant height, root biomass) and significantly enhanced elevated catalase (CAT) activity under Cd stress. Mid-parent heterosis (MPH) for key traits ranged from 2.73 % to 25.90 %, confirming robust hybrid vigor under Cd exposure. Transcriptomic analysis identified 904 unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ZD958 under Cd stress, with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealing two key modules. Metabolomic analysis identified 902 metabolites, and the differentially accumulated metabolites in ZD958 primarily enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Analysis of non-additive expression (NAE) genes identified one gene under both conditions, which was also specifically down-regulated in ZD958 under Cd stress. Analysis of allele-specific expression (ASE) genes revealed 12 genetically over-dominant genes in ZD958. Integrated multi-omics analysis highlighted the critical roles of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and starch and sucrose metabolism in the heterosis of ZD958 to Cd stress. Our findings provide novel insights into how phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and starch/sucrose metabolism mediate heterosis for Cd tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110265"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling root growth dynamics and rhizosphere microbial responses to waterlogging stress in rapeseed seedlings","authors":"Aqarahim Wasim ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Bian ,&nbsp;Fangyuan Huang ,&nbsp;Ximin Zhi ,&nbsp;Yifan Cao ,&nbsp;Siyu Gun ,&nbsp;Yuexia Zhang ,&nbsp;Ni Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waterlogging is a major abiotic stress that significantly alters ecological biodiversity and threatens crop growth and productivity. Rhizosphere microbial communities are essential for crop mineral nutrition and can help plants withstand stress. However, little is known about how rapeseed rhizosphere microbes respond to waterlogging and their link with soil nutrient availability and root architecture, and physiology. Thus, this study compared root morphological and physiological traits, soil physicochemical properties, and changes in rhizosphere microbial community composition and diversity using 16S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) amplicon sequencing under waterlogging and normal conditions. The waterlogging stress induced a significant decline in root activity, growth characteristics, and content of nitrogen and potassium. In contrast, the phosphorus content of roots and shoots significantly increased. Rhizosphere bacteria richness and evenness decreased under waterlogging stress, which was associated with a significant decrease in soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. In contrast, fungal diversity increased under waterlogging, concordant with increased soil organic matter content after five days. Notably, the bacterial phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, and fungal phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were identified as biomarkers under waterlogging. Interestingly, several Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria, including <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Rhizobium</em>, increased under waterlogging conditions, indicating their potential for enhancing rapeseed mineral nutrition, growth, and tolerance. Besides, harmful fungi such as <em>Fusarium solani</em> increased under waterlogging conditions. Our results enhance our understanding of rapeseed response to waterlogging and the contribution of rhizosphere bacteria and fungi. Moreover, the current study provides theoretical bases for improving rapeseed waterlogging tolerance through soil management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110269"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sugarcane ScMYB3R1-ScPYL61-ScPP2C57 module confers drought tolerance via ABA signaling","authors":"Keyi Luo ,&nbsp;Kai Chen ,&nbsp;Lifang Zeng,&nbsp;Mingkun Chen,&nbsp;Pingping Lin,&nbsp;Xianman Dong,&nbsp;Shuo Jiang,&nbsp;Wei Yao,&nbsp;Muqing Zhang,&nbsp;Qin Hu,&nbsp;Baoqi Li,&nbsp;Shenghua Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought stress constitutes a significant challenge for plant growth, particularly impacting sugarcane yield and quality. MYB transcription factors play a pivotal role in regulating drought tolerance in plants, yet investigations into the 3R-MYB subfamily remain limited. Here, we identified 35 sugarcane 3R-MYB genes, in which <em>ScMYB3R1</em> significantly responds to PEG and ABA treatments. The overexpression of <em>ScMYB3R1</em> enhanced drought tolerance in Arabidopsis through reducing water loss and activating ABA signaling. Through global gene expression profiling, we found that numerous differentially expressed genes were enriched in ABA signaling and drought stress response pathways. Notably, <em>ScMYB3R1</em> regulated 28.8% of ABA-induced genes and 29.9% of ABA-repressed genes. Further analysis revealed that ScMYB3R1 physically interacts with the ABA receptor ScPYL61, and they collaboratively activate ABA signaling. Additionally, ScPYL61 interacts with the type 2C protein phosphatase ScPP2C57, and ScMYB3R1 promotes this interaction. These findings collectively reveal a novel molecular module, ScMYB3R1-ScPYL61-ScPP2C57, in sugarcane that contributes to drought tolerance in an ABA-dependent manner. This research not only identifies potential candidate genes for improving drought tolerance in sugarcane but also expands our understanding of the functional roles of the 3R-MYB subfamily and ABA signaling mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110247"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and phytohormonal profiling of the adventitious shoot regeneration of Camellia reticulata and functional characterization of the CrSAUR20 gene","authors":"Xuan Wang ,&nbsp;Jianzhao Wang ,&nbsp;Yinxin Yang ,&nbsp;Mei Dao ,&nbsp;Yan Bai ,&nbsp;Yuan Gao ,&nbsp;Longqing Chen ,&nbsp;Tian Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In establishing <em>in vitro</em> regeneration of <em>Camellia reticulata</em>, we found that the callus from the wild <em>C. reticulata</em> plant could differentiate into the adventitious shoot (AS). In contrast, the callus from <em>C. reticulata</em> cultivar ‘Purple Gown’ has not yet differentiated into the AS, and the mechanism of AS regeneration was still unclear. The molecular mechanisms underlying AS regeneration were investigated using transcriptomic profiling and phytohormone quantification. Results showed that the levels of cytokinin, auxin, and other hormones in the callus of the wild <em>C. reticulata</em> plant were significantly changed compared with those of ‘Purple Gown’. Transcriptomic profiling identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in phytohormone signaling and hormone biosynthesis pathways. Among these, the expression of response regulators (<em>ARRs</em>), auxin response factors (<em>ARFs</em>), indole-3-pyruvate monooxygenase (<em>YUCCAs</em>), small auxin up-regulated RNAs (<em>SAURs</em>), ethylene-responsive transcription factor 1/2 (<em>ERF1/2</em>), and others significantly differed between the wild <em>C. reticulata</em> plant and ‘Purple Gown’, affecting the development of AS in the callus of the <em>C. reticulata</em>. To further validate the gene function related to hormones, <em>CrSAUR20</em> was cloned as an example and its overexpression vector was constructed. The overexpression of <em>CrSAUR20</em> promoted an increased ratio of auxin-to-cytokinin in transgenic tobacco plants and affected the differentiation of AS and root from the leaf disc of transgenic tobacco plants, suggesting a positive regulatory role of <em>CrSAUR20</em> in auxin signaling transduction. Genotype, phytohormone ratio, and phytohormone crosstalk were critical factors in enhancing AS regeneration capacity in the callus of <em>C. reticulata</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110259"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome-metabolome convergence reveals that BsPP2C17 and BsPP2C27 of Bletilla striata (Orchidaceae) significantly regulate ABA-mediated seed germination","authors":"Shuai Liu,&nbsp;Siting Zheng,&nbsp;Kaifeng Gou,&nbsp;Ruohan Huang,&nbsp;Shiqiang Wang,&nbsp;Donghao Wang,&nbsp;Junfeng Niu,&nbsp;Zhezhi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Orchidaceae seeds are tiny and undeveloped, commonly facing difficulties in germination under natural conditions. Therefore, investigating seed germination of orchids is critically important. In this study, <em>Bletilla striata</em> seed germination was completed, the germination process was divided into six stages through morphological and histocytological observation, including ungerminated seeds (BS0), imbibition (BS1), formation of rhizoids (BS2), protocorm (BS3), radicle (BS4) and plumule (BS5). LC-MS analysis showed that ABA concentration increased and then decreased, while auxins and cytokinins concentration gradually decreased, and various carbohydrates contents gradually increased. Exogenous ABA treatment showed that ABA significantly inhibited the germination of <em>B. striata</em>. RNA-seq analysis found 323 genes were significantly differentially expressed during protocorms formation (p &lt; 0.01), with more than 4-fold change. Two genes in ABA signaling pathway, <em>BsPP2C17</em> and <em>BsPP2C27</em>, were upregulated by 30-fold and 60-fold, respectively. Heterologous expression in Arabidopsis showed that they could respectively revert the insensitivity to ABA of <em>atap2c4</em> and <em>atpp2c5</em> during seed germination, and the overexpression lines <em>Col-OE-BsPP2C17</em> and <em>Col-OE-BsPP2C27</em> exhibited hypersensitivity to ABA signals. These demonstrated that <em>BsPP2C17</em> and <em>BsPP2C27</em> were involved in the regulation of Arabidopsis seed germination as positive regulators of ABA signaling. These results provided a new perspective for the study of seed germination in Orchidaceae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110241"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untargeted metabolomics analysis in tolerant and susceptible landraces of rice under sodicity stress","authors":"Manoharan Akilan ,&nbsp;Paramasiwam Jeyaprakash ,&nbsp;Murugappan Shanmuganathan ,&nbsp;Suresh Meena ,&nbsp;Venugopal Rajanbabu ,&nbsp;Adhimoolam Karthikeyan ,&nbsp;Gunasekaran Ariharasutharsan ,&nbsp;Kathiresan Pravin Kumar ,&nbsp;Palanisamy Savitha ,&nbsp;Sadayandi Geethanjali ,&nbsp;Sampathrajan Vellaikumar ,&nbsp;Chocklingam Vanniarajan","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sodicity is a major abiotic stress affecting rice production by disrupting soil structure and impairing major physiological processes in plants. Landraces possess high genetic diversity and exhibit strong adaptation to diverse environmental stresses, including sodicity. In the present study, we screened 47 landraces and identified <em>Norungan</em> as highly tolerant to sodicity based on morpho-physiological traits. Further, we characterized the biochemical and metabolic responses of <em>Norungan</em> and <em>Vellai Kudaivazhai</em> (Highly susceptible landrace) under control and sodicity stress conditions. Biochemical analysis revealed that efficient photosynthesis, reduced lipid peroxidation, and elevated antioxidant enzyme activities distinguished <em>Norungan</em> from <em>Vellai Kudaivazhai</em> and provided primary evidence supporting its tolerance. Untargeted metabolomics analysis of <em>Norungan</em> and <em>Vellai Kudaivazhai</em> identified 103 and 117 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), respectively. The DAMs in <em>Norungan</em> indicated more efficient energy utilization through the TCA cycle and GABA shunt compared to <em>Vellai Kudaivazhai</em>, along with effective sucrose homeostasis that minimized carbon leakage <em>via</em> dead cells. Although, <em>Norungan</em> exhibited effective sucrose homeostasis, minimizing carbon leakage through dead cells, the upregulation of major osmolytes, such as proline (Fold change – 5.32) further underscored its tolerance. Additionally, the enrichment of pathways such as starch and sucrose metabolism, and the TCA cycle, highlighting <em>Norungan</em>'s adaptive mechanisms underlying sodicity tolerance. Taken together, these findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of sodicity tolerance, which may inform targeted breeding strategies aimed at improving sodicity tolerance in rice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 110251"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}