Plant and Soil最新文献

{"title":"Effects of selenium–cadmium interactions on soil cadmium forms and the enrichment of selenium and cadmium in rice","authors":"Tianyi Lu, Yong He, Yanmei Ai, Meng Na, Shangqi Xu, Kun Cheng, Daming Li, Jihai Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07829-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07829-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>The relationship between selenium (Se) and cadmium (Cd) is a commonly observed phenomenon in nature, making it a hot research topic. Se, an essential trace element for human biology, frequently coexists in soil alongside hazardous heavy metal Cd. The challenging objective of ensuring Se enrichment in crops while minimising the detrimental effects of Cd in Se-rich soils has emerged as a prominent research theme.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In this study, rice was used as the experimental model to investigate the impact of low (0.2 mg·kg⁻¹), medium (1.0 mg·kg⁻¹) and high (5.0 mg·kg⁻¹) concentrations of Se, as well as low (0.5 mg·kg⁻¹), medium (2.5 mg·kg⁻¹) and high (10.0 mg·kg⁻¹) concentrations of Cd, on the enrichment and distribution of Cd and Se in several parts of rice crops.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The findings demonstrated that the dynamics between different concentrations of Se and low concentrations of Cd considerably reduced Cd enrichment in brown rice, ultimately reaching a state of no Cd enrichment. At medium and high Se concentrations, the higher the Cd concentration, the more pronounced the inhibition of Se enrichment in brown rice. When 0.2 mg·kg⁻¹ Se interacted with 0.5 mg·kg⁻¹ Cd, brown rice fulfilled the standards for being Se-rich, Cd-free and safe for consumption.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Se and Cd exhibited a synergistic effect at low concentrations, whereas revealed an antagonistic effect at medium and high concentrations on Se and Cd enrichment in brown rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leaf manganese concentrations as a proxy for root carboxylate exudation: a first survey in phosphorus-limited South American temperate rainforests","authors":"D. López, P. J. Barra, D. Valdebenito, P. Duran, L. Yan, H. Lambers, M. L. Mora, M. Delgado","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07825-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07825-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>South American temperate rainforests primarily develop on volcanic soils with high total phosphorus (P) concentrations; however, the P availability is low for most plants due to strong sorption of P to soil particles. In response to this, certain plant species have evolved strategies involving the release of root carboxylates that mobilize soil P. However, studying root exudates in situ poses significant challenges, promoting recent studies to use leaf manganese concentration ([Mn]) as a proxy for rhizosheath carboxylate concentration. Therefore, we used leaf [Mn] to identify if plant species potentially utilize root carboxylates for P mobilization.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We collected leaf and soil samples from 50 plant families across four sites in Chile, analyzing leaf [Mn] to assess carboxylate-exudation patterns, using low leaf [Mn] fern species as negative references and species with high leaf [Mn] (≈ 500 mg kg⁻¹ dry weight) as positive references.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The highest community-level leaf [Mn] was observed at the Rucamanque site, where soil P availability was the lowest. All species from the families Bromeliaceae, Myrtaceae, Nothofagaceae, and Winteraceae consistently exhibited high leaf [Mn], as we also observed for <i>Podocarpus</i> and <i>Maytenus</i> trees. With respect to plant life forms, trees, shrubs, and epiphytes generally had higher leaf [Mn] than ferns, mosses, and herbs.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings suggest that plants in soils with low P availability exhibited both a greater frequency and higher average of leaf [Mn] than those in soils with greater P availability, indicating their potential reliance on carboxylate exudation for P acquisition.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breeding and nitrogen management shape root morphology and water use efficiency in wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai region of China","authors":"Tiantian Huang, Zhuanzhuan Zhang, Xiaoli Zhong, Ruiqi Sun, Xiaoru Zhao, Qianxiang Wu, Shiguang Wang, Xiaohua Yang, Xiaoliang Qin, Kadambot H. M. Siddique","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07823-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07823-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and Aims</h3><p>The root system of wheat is crucial for soil moisture uptake, grain yield, and grain water use efficiency (WUEg). Genetic improvements and nitrogen (N) fertilization influence root morphology. Understanding how root systems have changed across wheat varieties under varying N conditions is critical for future breeding and nutrient management.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A two-year field experiment examined ten key winter wheat varieties released between 1940 and 2021 in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, China. Root architecture, distribution, evapotranspiration, grain yield, WUEg, and the water use efficiency of aboveground biomass (WUEp) were evaluated under normal (220 kg N ha⁻¹) and reduced (143 kg N ha⁻¹) N applications.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>WUEg improved progressively with variety release year under both N regimes, though the underlying mechanisms differed. Under reduced N, modern cultivars developed greater root length density in subsurface (20–40 cm) and deep (40–100 cm) soil layers, enhancing deep moisture uptake. Under normal N, root growth was concentrated in the topsoil (0–20 cm), enabling modern varieties to use soil moisture more effectively. Genetic selection has reduced pre-anthesis water use while increasing post-anthesis use, particularly in dry years.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The past eight decades of winter wheat breeding have increased grain yields and improved WUEg through deeper rooting, particularly under low N conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial effects of commercially available preparations of humic substances and mycorrhiza on growth and photosynthesis of sorghum and hemp cultivated on a metal(loid)-polluted field","authors":"Karolina Jaros-Tsoj, Krzysztof Sitko, Małgorzata Rudnicka, Piotr Sugier, Jolanta Jaroszuk-Ściseł, Adam Rostański, Francois Rineau, Eleni G. Papazoglou, Efthymia Alexopoulou, Jaco Vangronsveld, Małgorzata Wójcik","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07816-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07816-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and Aims</h3><p>Metal pollution in agricultural soils threatens global food security and reduces both the yield and quality of crops cultivated for non-food purposes. Biostimulants can support plant growth in such soils by mitigating the effects of pollution and enhancing biomass production. However, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of biostimulants remain poorly understood.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The effects of humic substances (HS) alone or in combination with mycorrhiza (HS + M) on the growth, metal accumulation, photosynthesis, and selected stress markers in hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) and sorghum (<i>Sorghum sudanense x bicolor</i>) grown in a field polluted with Zn, Cd, Pb, and As was investigated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Application of HS significantly increased the shoot fresh weight of both crops. However, only in sorghum was this increase correlated with higher CO₂ assimilation rates, water use efficiency, and chlorophyll content. In general, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters remained unchanged in plants treated with biostimulants, indicating that the light phase of photosynthesis was unaffected. Similarly, no significant effects were found on the mineral profile, including pollutant concentrations, or lipid peroxidation levels (as a stress marker). PCA analysis revealed a higher level of lipid peroxidation in hemp, which was positively correlated with the contents of flavonols, anthocyanins, and sugars – components likely involved in oxidative stress mitigation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The application of biostimulants, specifically HS, represents a promising approach for improving crop yield and quality on metal(loid)-polluted agricultural soils, with potential implications for more sustainable agriculture and ecosystem services.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil water limitation intensity alters nitrogen cycling at the plant-soil interface in Scots pine mesocosms","authors":"Emily F. Solly, Astrid C. H. Jaeger, Matti Barthel, Johan Six, Ralf C. Mueller, Martin Hartmann","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07758-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07758-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aim</h3><p>More intense episodes of drought are expected to affect terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycling by altering N transformation rates, the functioning of soil microorganisms, and plant N uptake. However, there is limited empirical evidence of how progressive water loss affects N cycling at the plant-soil interface.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We adopted ¹⁵N tracing techniques and metagenomic analyzes of microbial genes involved in N cycling to assess how different levels of soil water availability influenced the fate of N derived from decomposing litter in mesocosms with Scots pine saplings.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>With increasing water limitation, the release of N from decomposing litter into the soil declined rapidly. However, moderate levels of water limitation barely affected the microbial metagenome associated with N cycling and the uptake of N by the saplings. Comparatively, severe levels of water limitation impaired plant N uptake, and increased the prevalence of microbial N-cycling genes potentially involved in mechanisms that protect against water stress. Genes associated with the uptake and release of N during mineralization and nitrification declined under low soil water contents.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>When soil water becomes largely unavailable, the cycling of N at the plant-soil interface is slowed down, and microbial and plant tolerance mechanisms may prevail over N uptake and microbial decomposition.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of Pruning Residues to Carbon and Nutrient Cycling in Cacao Monocultures and Agroforestry","authors":"Isabel Morales-Belpaire, Karen Losantos-Ramos, Patricia Amurrio-Ordoñez, Ulf Schneidewind, Miguel Limachi, Stéphane Saj","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07782-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07782-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Cacao in agroforestry systems can benefit from improved nutrient cycling, since shade trees could transfer nutrients through litterfall and pruning residues. Additionally, shade trees could affect decomposition processes of these residues. Studies on nutrient release from pruning residues and on the effect of shade trees on decomposition processes are scarce. We aimed to determine how cropping systems (agroforestry, monocultures) affect the decomposition of pruning residues and quantify nutrient release by these residues.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Litterbags with two mesh sizes (0.1 and 2 mm), containing leaf mixtures, were placed under five cropping systems (conventional and organic monocultures, conventional and organic agroforestry, successional agroforestry) in a long-term trial in Alto Beni, Bolivia. Carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, cellulose, and lignin were measured in fresh leaves and litterbags at 4, 8, and 12 months after laying.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Nitrogen was higher under conventional agroforestry than under the other systems at 4 months after laying. Phosphorus was higher under agroforestry than under monocultures at 8 months after laying. Litterbags with 2 mm mesh size contained lower amounts of carbon and nutrients at 4 months after laying than litterbags with 0.1 mm mesh size. Release of nutrients from pruning residues was estimated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The effect of shade trees on decomposition processes was limited to changes in nitrogen and phosphorus contents in litterbags. Larger mesh litterbags likely favoured microbial colonization and nutrient transfer through leaching. The nutrient input from pruning residues could meet the potassium and nitrogen demands of cacao but is insufficient for phosphorus.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Portulaca oleracea biomass and its rhizospheric microbiome to the application of solid and liquid slumgum from beekeeping industry transformed with Penicillium chrysogenum","authors":"Ángel Carrascosa-Robles, José Antonio Pascual, Jessica Cuartero, Inmaculada García-Romera, Gloria Andrea Silva-Castro, Ana de Santiago, Margarita Ros, Spyridon A. Petropoulos, María del Mar Alguacil","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07794-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07794-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Slumgum, a by-product of the beeswax-rendering process, is a nutrient-rich organic waste with potential as a sustainable fertiliser. Unlike chemical fertilisers, which can degrade soil health and contribute to environmental pollution, slumgum may improve soil structure, enhance microbial activity, and support long-term soil fertility. This study assessed, for the first time, the effects of both solid and liquid slumgum, either transformed with <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> and non-transformed, on purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i>) biomass and soil rhizosphere microbial communities.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The experiment involved applying different slumgum treatments to purslane plants, followed by the analysis of shoot biomass and foliar phosphorous content. Soil enzymatic activities related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles were measured. Additionally, bacterial and fungal community composition, diversity, and functional guilds in the rhizosphere were described.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Both transformed solid and liquid slumgum along with untransformed liquid slumgum treatments increased purslane shoot biomass (by 60–77%) and foliar phosphorous content (by 87–100%) compared to the control. Slumgum treatments modified the microbial community composition, increasing saprotrophic fungi and reducing plant pathogens. Transformed solid slumgum also enhanced enzymatic activities involved in nutrient cycling, whereas the untransformed solid slumgum treatment promoted bacterial genes associated with denitrification.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings highlight the potential of slumgum, particularly in its transformed forms, as a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilisers. Its application may improve soil fertility and crop productivity while reducing environmental impact. Further studies should investigate its long-term effects under field conditions and evaluate its economic feasibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global meta-analysis of soil nitrogen-cycling variables under no-tillage as compared to conventional tillage","authors":"Guorui Li, Huifeng Ye, Miao Li, Zhichen Zhao, Fei Chen, Yuqing Meng, Chaoyang Yu, Huanxin Xie, Zhangheng Ren, Tong Li, Yuncheng Liao, Xiaoxia Wen","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07787-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07787-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>As the core management practice of conservation agriculture, no-tillage (NT) is critical for stimulating soil nutrient cycling and sustaining crop productivity on farmland. However, our comprehensive understanding of nitrogen cycling is limited by contradictory results on nitrogen loss and the absence of a global quantitative assessment of nitrogen transformation processes and genes under NT. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of NT on soil nitrogen-cycling variables on a global scale.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A global meta-analysis with 304 observations from 60 publications was conducted on the effects of NT on soil nitrogen transformation rate, nitrogen-cycling gene abundances, and nitrogen pools.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>NT significantly increased soil net mineralization rate, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria gene abundance, total nitrogen, and ammonium nitrogen by 18.2%, 20.3%, 12.5%, and 17.4%, respectively, but it significantly reduced nitrogenase reductase gene abundance. Further investigation revealed that climatic conditions, soil properties, and agronomic practices at the experimental sites affect changes in soil nitrogen-cycling variables induced by NT. We found that NT-induced changes in the nitrogen transformation rate and the abundance of genes involved in the denitrification process were positively correlated with the mean annual temperature and aridity index, respectively. In addition, the combination of sustainable agronomic management practices with NT, such as straw return, crop rotation, and lower nitrogen fertilizer application, positively affects soil nitrogen cycling processes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Overall, these results provide insights into understanding how NT affects soil nitrogen cycling and highlight the importance of rational agronomic management practices in stimulating soil nitrogen cycling under NT.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keystone microbial phylotypes support plant productivity along a gradient of degradation in alpine wetlands of Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Liyan Zhang, Chunjiang Yin, Xin Jing, Hao Wang, Jin-Sheng He, Haiyan Chu","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07553-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07553-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Net primary productivity (NPP) is critical for understanding carbon sink and ecosystem functions, especially in alpine wetlands that degrade rapidly. Soil keystone taxa serve as ecosystem engineers and may influence aboveground NPP (ANPP), but this is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the ANPP from 2012 to 2014 in alpine wetlands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau to investigate the relationships between soil biodiversity of keystone phylotypes and ANPP.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified using prokaryotic universal primers 515F and 907R, the archaeal 16S rRNA gene was amplified using primers Arch519F and Arch915R, and the eukaryotic 18S rRNA gene was amplified using primers Euk1391f and EukBr.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Plant diversity was positively correlated with ANPP (<i>R</i>^<i>2</i> = 0.25, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001). The diversity of soil archaea was positively correlated with ANPP (<i>R</i>^<i>2</i> = 0.24, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001<b>)</b>, with bacteria and eukaryotes showing no significant statistical relationships. The microbial network analysis revealed three major ecological clusters (Clusters 1–3) accounting for 98.8% of the constructed microbial co-occurrence networks. Diversity of Cluster 2 was more strongly positively correlated with ANPP than Cluster 1 and Cluster 3. Structural equation model analysis demonstrated that the contribution of plant diversity to ANPP was offset by soil biodiversity, especially coexisting phylotypes in ecological clusters.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our results indicate that keystone phylotypes are associated with plant productivity, and highlight the need to conserve them to ensure the sustainable provision of alpine ecosystem services in fragile alpine ecosystems. </p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tradeoff between forage yield and nitrogen utilization under double-cropped and regenerated oat managements: a case study in northern China","authors":"Xinyao Zhao, Ying Wang, Xingyu Wang, Li Han, Jinhu Yang, Yanli Zhang, Hongjie Zhang, Xiaorong Wu, Xiquan Wang, Lijun Li","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07555-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07555-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Double-cropped and regenerated crop managements have great potential to increase oat forage production through efficient utilization of water and solar resources. However, the interaction of crop management and the nitrogen (N) input on the forage yields, water and N use efficiency, as well as soil N content are not well documented.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A four-year field experiment was established with 0, 75, and 150 kg N ha⁻¹ in the summer season under double-cropped and regenerated oat managements, and similar N inputs were in the previous spring season.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The double-cropped management increased forage yield and water use efficiency by 27–34% and 4–12% respectively in normal years, while it decreased total soil N content as well as nitrate and ammonium contents compared with the regenerated crop management. Low N input reduced the forage yield and soil N content in both crop managements, while it had higher N use efficiency (NUE). Applying 75 and 150 kg N ha⁻¹ increased forage yield by 13–14% and 18–22%, respectively, whereas the former resulted in 11% higher NUE than the latter in both crop managements. Remarkably, due to the tradeoff between N yield and NUE, similar equivalent sustainable N management indexes were detected between N inputs, and their low values indicated other field managements to increase both forage yield and NUE simultaneously.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The double-cropped management demonstrates significant potential for improving forage yields, water and N use efficiencies, necessitating further efforts to optimize sustainable N management in oat production.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144137221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}