Plant and Soil最新文献

{"title":"Three years of elevated [CO2] reduce cadmium bioavailability in contaminated paddy soils by modifying dissolved organic matter","authors":"Hongyan Yu, Xulei Geng, Shiqi Guo, Xilin Liu, Minghui Zhou, Quanmin Zhou, Yue Teng","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07516-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07516-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aim</h3><p>Elevated atmospheric CO (eCO ) and cadmium (Cd) contamination collectively threaten rice safety and soil ecosystem stability. Soil dissolved organic matter (DOM), a critical mediator of biogeochemical processes, regulates heavy metal mobility and bioavailability, yet the interplay between eCO and Cd pollution on DOM dynamics remains unclear, particularly regarding its implications for Cd bioavailability under future climate scenarios.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We employed a series of characterization techniques, along with Pearson correlation analysis, to explore the impact of eCO on the content and structure of DOM in Cd-contaminated paddy soil, as well as the correlation between the molecular composition of DOM and the bioavailability of Cd.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The research findings show that eCO increased the concentration of DOC by 25.58% and 7.04% in low and high Cdcontaminated paddy soil, respectively. In addition, eCO increased the aromaticity, hydrophobicity, and humicity of DOM in low Cd-contaminated paddy soils by about 3.84%, 5.07%, and 5.12%, respectively. Exposure to eCO resulted in a 2.56% decrease in C1cotent, an 18.30% increase in C2 content and complicated DOM structure. In high Cd-contaminated soils, the structure of DOM becomesbecame relatively simpler. Correlation analysis further revealed that the increased complexity of DOM could reduce the bioavailability of Cd.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Three years of eCO reduced cadmium bioavailability in contaminated paddy soils by modifying dissolved organic matter. This will contribute to a better understanding of rice Cd uptake under future climate conditions, thus promoting the development of climate-crop-soil models and the accurate prediction of food security.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144088325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fencing-driven soil seed bank alterations: reduced precipitation sensitivity and hints of management-induced retrogressive succession in alpine grasslands","authors":"Xiangtao Wang, Wencheng Li, Ningning Zhao, Xin Pu, Lingfan Wan, Puchang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07507-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07507-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>The degradation of the alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been mitigated in some regions, while it persists to varying degrees in others. Soil seed banks (SSBs), reflecting the past, present, and future potential of plant communities, are critical for restoration. This study assessed fencing, a nature-based solution, addressing regional biases and limited cross-regional synthesis in prior research.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Paired plots of free grazing and fenced grazing were established through field sampling. Community and SSB characteristics were compared between fenced and grazed areas using vegetation and seed bank surveys, seed germination experiments, and statistical analyses. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to identify regulatory pathways influencing seed density under both management regimes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Fencing increased seed density (346–20,961 seeds/m²) compared to grazed areas (346–14,378 seeds/m², <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The Sørensen similarity index indicated altered community structure and retrogressive succession (fenced: 0.803; grazed: 0.766). Fencing raised the importance value (IV) of Poaceae by 8.70% but reduced non-grass species richness and IV by 8.13%. SEM explained 95.04% (fenced) and 97.30% (grazed) of seed density variation, with fencing weakening seed density response to precipitation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Fencing significantly affects SSBs by altering seed density, community structure, composition, and diversity. These changes reduce the sensitivity of SSBs to precipitation and may contribute to retrogressive succession in alpine grasslands. This study provides theoretical support for utilizing SSBs as a target for nature based solution to restore degraded alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144088323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar's dual impact on soil acidity management and crop yield enhancement in acidic soils: a meta-analysis","authors":"Weina Zhang, Jiayin Pang, Junfeng Qi, Yang Lu, Junhe Liu, Mingfu Yu, Haigang Li, Enli Wang, Hans Lambers","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07490-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07490-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Biochar is a promising and widely used soil amendment to alleviate soil acidification and improve crop productivity. Quantitative analysis of the impact of biochar application on soil pH and crop yield can help promote its optimal utilization.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We compiled 286 peer-reviewed articles, i.e., 224 articles on yield, 188 articles on soil pH to investigate the impact of biochar application on crop yield, soil pH and other physicochemical properties in acidic soils.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Application of biochar significantly increased soil pH and yield by 7% and 21%, respectively. The increase in soil pH exhibited a positive correlation with crop yield, and relationship varied among crop type. The most significant increase in soil pH and crop yield following biochar application was observed in strongly acidic soils (pH &lt; 4.5) characterized by low CEC, &lt; 5 cmol kg⁻¹, and low soil OM content, &lt; 6 g kg⁻¹. Among soil physicochemical properties, biochar application had no significant impact on soil OM, increased soil CEC and CS by 27% and 23%, respectively, while reduced soil BD by 9%. Tropical region demonstrated the most significant increases in soil pH 9% and crop yield 35% following biochar application.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Considering the implications of biochar on soil pH, soil properties, and crop yield, the incorporation of wood-derived biochar pyrolyzed at temperatures &lt; 500 °C appears to be most suitable for acidic soils, particularly those with an initial pH &lt; 4.5. Our findings can aid in optimizing management strategies for biochar application on acidic soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144066942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sustainable solution for eucalyptus cultivation under environmental stresses: novel Pseudomonas species with plant growth-promoting traits","authors":"Tian Liu, Yuhan Jiang, Weishan Zhang, Lu Lin, Xinlei Fan","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07505-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07505-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Eucalyptus has unique wood properties and great economic value, but traditional yield-increasing methods rely on chemicals and harm the environment. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a good solution to this problem, and <i>Pseudomonas</i> is a typical example. The study aims to explore sustainable, eco-friendly alternatives to minimize chemical pollution of the environment by screening and characterizing <i>Pseudomonas</i> with the potential to promote the growth of eucalyptus.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The Salkowski colorimetric method and various selective media were used to screen for bacteria with growth-promoting functions. Genes associated with growth-promoting functions were identified by genome annotation. A combination of phylogenetic, comparative genomic, morphological, physiological and biochemical methods was used to classify and identify the strains.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Genomic annotation identified genes associated with growth-promoting functions (e.g., <i>ppk</i> for phosphate solubilization, <i>trpA</i>/<i>B</i>/<i>C</i> for IAA synthesis), consistent with the results of plate experiments, further confirming their growth-promoting potential. The two strains were classified as new species within the <i>Pseudomonas</i> genus, and named <i>Pseudomonas eucalyptica</i> sp. nov. and <i>Pseudomonas eucalyptoterra</i> sp. nov.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>This study provides new ideas for the development of green, non-polluting biofertilizers and adds to our knowledge of <i>Pseudomonas</i> diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144066941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing growth and transpiration efficiency of corn plants with compost addition and potential beneficial microbes under well-watered and water-stressed conditions","authors":"Xiaojuan Wang, Peter Sale, James Hunt, Gary Clark, Jennifer L. Wood, Ashley E. Franks, Priyanka Reddy, Jian Jin, Stephen Joseph, Caixian Tang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07527-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07527-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Water scarcity due to increasing climate variability means improved drought tolerance in crop plants is more urgent. Addition of organic wastes could enhance crop drought tolerance through improved nutrition or increased soil water holding capacity. However, their effect on crop water relations, mediated by plant beneficial soil microbes, remains less well-studied. This study aims to understand how applications of nutrient-rich composts affect the growth and transpiration use efficiency (TE), the ratio of shoot biomass to total transpiration, of corn plants under well-watered and water-stressed conditions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The study used a factorial combination of four amendment treatments (surface applied fertilizer, surface-and deep-banded compost, and deep-banded compost with biochar) with two water regimes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>All compost treatments, irrespective of whether they were applied to the topsoil or subsoil, alone or with biochar, increased TE of corn plants by ~ 10%, relative to surface fertilizer. Compost addition reduced average stomatal conductance and transpiration rate by &gt; 30%, which could be attributed to elevated leaf hormone concentrations of abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate. Furthermore, compost addition increased the abundance of soil fungi and bacteria in the <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Streptomyces</i> genera, which are known to increase the biosynthesis of leaf hormones. In the deep compost treatments, corn plants exhibited significantly higher root length densities in subsoil layers, resulting in increased subsoil water extraction.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Greater biomass production following deep compost addition under water stress was mainly attributed to microbially mediated increase in TE, followed by improved deep root growth and water uptake from the subsoil layer.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144066394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paddock trees promote pasture biomass accumulation and improve soil properties in grazing systems","authors":"Abigail Addo-Danso, Paul Kristiansen, Brian R. Wilson, Onoriode Coast","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07543-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07543-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Pasture systems occupy approximately three billion hectares and contribute almost $21 trillion to the global economy. They are important for food production, carbon storage, water catchment reserves, biodiversity maintenance and cultural and recreational needs. However, pasture systems sustainability and productivity may be reduced with increasing climate hazards, such as heat stress and drought, due to global warming. Strategically integrating trees into pastoral landscapes may improve pasture system resilience and productivity by benefiting pasture leaf function and enhancing soil fertility.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>To evaluate if trees in pasture systems are favourable for pasture performance and sustainability, we conducted field experiments in the New England Tablelands of New South Wales and assessed soil properties and measured leaf functional traits of pasture species, under tree canopies, at tree canopy edges and beyond tree canopies (i.e. in open fields). Functional traits measured were net carbon assimilation, photosynthetic heat tolerance, specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Aboveground and belowground pasture biomass were significantly higher under paddock tree canopies compared with canopy edges and in open fields. Similarly, concentrations of measured soil elements (organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) were all significantly higher under tree canopies compared with canopy edges and in open fields. Leaf functional traits did not vary with proximity from paddock tree canopies, and higher under-canopy pasture biomass was not associated with leaf functional traits. Leaf trait-trait relationships were mixed and varied with proximity from paddock tree canopies.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>This study demonstrates the significant role of paddock trees within tree-pasture systems in driving pasture productivity, particularly through improved soil fertility. The results emphasize that paddock trees can contribute to climate change resilience of pastures in grazing systems by facilitating greater resource capture.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143979585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reclaiming saline-sodic land enhances soil organic carbon by altering network negative connectivity and complexity of specialists","authors":"LiJun Zhang, Guixiang Zhou, Jiabao Zhang, Lin Chen, Donghao Ma, Congzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07518-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07518-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Increasing salinity and sodicity threaten soil fertility and crop yield worldwide and the accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) is a vital guarantee for soil improvement. However, there is still a gap in understanding how microbes influence the accumulation of SOC in saline-sodic land reclamation (converting saline-sodic land into cultivated land).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Herein, we conducted a survey of microbes in saline-sodic (solonetz) and cultivated soil collected from the Songnen Plain, and analyzed the impact of distribution patterns of niche breadth, microbial composition and multitrophic networks on SOC.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Results showed saline-sodic land reclamation (reducing pH and EC) significantly increased SOC, niche breadth and microbial diversity of bacteria, fungi and protists. Microbes with significant narrow niche breadth (specialists), which associated over 85% underground connections especially negative connections, were extremely important of both network connectivity and SOC accumulation. SEM revealed that weakened negative connectivity and increased network complexity of specialists promoted the accumulation of SOC in saline-sodic land reclamation. Specialists explained 72.4% of the variance of SOC, higher than 61.3% of the whole community.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>We demonstrated that specialists with high taxonomic diversity could facilitate SOC accumulation in saline-sodic land reclamation by strengthen multitrophic interactions. Our findings enhance the understanding of the effect of saline-sodic land reclamation on soil properties and microbial community and highlight the importance of integrating specialists into models of SOC accumulation, and these findings provide theoretical support for promoting SOC content in saline-sodic land reclamation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrient pool and main input pathways of forest soils in the central Qilian Mountains, northwest China","authors":"Ruochun Wang, Fei Zang, Jiaojiao Wang, Fangyuan Huang, Chuanyan Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07533-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07533-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Forest ecosystems, serving as critical nodes in global biogeochemical cycles, sustain productivity by modulating nutrient availability. However, the pools of nutrients which modulate tree growth and soil function remain unknown, particularly with regard to their input pathways into forest soils.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We quantified Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), Potassium (K), Magnesium (Mg), Manganese (Mn), and Sodium (Na) concentrations and pools in central Qilian Mountain forest soils (northwest China), with horizon-specific accumulation assessed via Enrichment Factor (EF). Predicted nutrient increments (n-year) and use efficiency (NUE) were modeled to estimate soil enrichment dynamics from atmospheric and litter inputs.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The results indicated that these nutrients can leach into deeper horizons and accumulate in mineral horizons. The total pools of Ca and Fe (3.08 × 10³ and 4.43 × 10³ t) in forest soils of the catchment were the highest, whereas the Mn and Na pools (95.8 and 92.8 t) were the lowest. The EFs of nutrients were highest in moss and litter horizons. The concentrations of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, and Mn in forest soils will likely increase rapidly in the next 30 years due to the impact of atmospheric deposition.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>We conclude that litter inputs more Ca than atmospheric deposition, while atmospheric deposition inputs more Fe, K, Mg, Mn, and Na than litter. Our findings enrich the research on biogeochemical cycle of elements in forest ecosystems of the Qilian Mountains.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143979586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential of Trichoderma asperellum TCS007 on growth promotion of pecan seedlings as well as rhizosphere soil nutrients and microbial community","authors":"Hao Cao, Xue-song Li, Hao Han, Sai Chen, Jing Jin, Jing Yuan, Chi-zhou Liang, Jian-fei Lu, Feng Cui, Jie Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07500-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07500-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Pecan (<i>Carya cathayensis</i> Sarg.) is an important forest trees in China, the application of chemical pesticides for disease control has caused severe damage to the soil, including reduced fertility and disruption of microbial communities. Although <i>Trichoderma</i> treatment has been shown to promote plant growth and improve soil quality, its effects on the growth promotion of pecan and the impact on soil microbial communities and physicochemical properties remained unclear.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In this study, we investigated the impact of <i>T. asperellum</i> TCS007 spore suspension and its fermented crude extract on the growth and development of pecan seedlings. We also explored the effects of TCS007 treatment on the nutrients, enzyme activities, and microbial diversity in the rhizosphere soil of pecan seedlings during their three main growth stages.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Treatment with TCS007 spore suspension or crude extract promoted the growth of pecan seedlings, with significantly higher levels of leaf hormones and defense enzyme activity compared to the control (CK). Moreover, the content of soil organic matter and ammonium nitrogen, as well as the activity of soil enzymes such as catalase and urease, were all significantly higher than CK after treatment, and the soil pH shifted from slightly acidic to slightly alkaline. The results indicated that TCS007 treatment significantly increased the richness of beneficial fungi and bacteria in the soil.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The results demonstrated that TCS007 treatment significantly promoted the growth of pecan plants, increased enzyme activity and nutrient content in the soil, and improved the soil micro-ecological environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143946321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of the potato rhizosphere bacterial communities to Ralstonia solanacearum infection and their roles in binary disease outcomes","authors":"Xianjun Lai, Changhe Wei, Haiyan Wang, Zhouhua He, Feng Zhang, Zhiyong Lei, Xiyao Wang, Shifeng Liu, Lang Yan","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07520-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07520-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Aims</h3><p>Bacterial wilt, caused by <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> (Rs), often presents as a symptomless latent infection where plants test positive for Rs but exhibit no visible symptoms. While latent infection is associated with pathogen exposure, the role of rhizosphere microorganisms in plant resistance remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether latently infected potato plants can recruit beneficial microbiomes to mitigate Rs infection.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Two potato cultivars, H15 (high susceptibility) and Q9 (low susceptibility), were tested under high pathogen pressure. Full-length 16S rRNA sequencing and microbial network analyses were conducted on rhizosphere samples to assays microbiome responses. Plate inhibition assays and greenhouse inoculation trials were used to screen and validate potential beneficial bacteria from latently infected samples.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Resistance to infection differed significantly between the two cultivars, with 86.67% of H15 and 38.71% of Q9 plants developing symptoms, while latent infections were more frequent in Q9 (61.29%) than in H15 (13.33%). α- and β-diversity analyses revealed distinct microbial communities between diseased and latently infected plants. The Shannon index was positively correlated with disease severity (Spearman’s <i>r</i> = 0.733, <i>p</i> = 0.016), and β-diversity analysis revealed a significant association between microbial community composition and disease progression (Mantel <i>r</i> = 0.859, <i>p</i> = 0.0015). Robust microbial networks with higher modularity and clustering coefficients were observed in latently infected Q9 plants, enriched with <i>Pseudomonas</i> and <i>Bacillus</i>. We isolated 43 bacterial strains and clustered them into seven OTUs. <i>Pseudomonas putida</i> XC1 showed the strongest inhibition against Rs and effectively reduced wilt symptoms in greenhouse assays.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Latently infected plants actively recruit and assemble beneficial rhizosphere microbiomes, which enhance microbial network stability and suppress pathogen activity. This microbiome-mediated resistance highlights the potential of using beneficial microbes for sustainable disease control.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143940228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}