Camera Praehistorica最新文献_第3页

“Paraboloids”, “lattice figures” and “poles with canvases” (petroglyphic images and ethnographic parallels) “抛物面形”、“格子形”和“带画布的杆子”(岩画图像和民族志的相似之处)

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-26-44

V. Kisel

{"title":"“Paraboloids”, “lattice figures” and “poles with canvases” (petroglyphic images and ethnographic parallels)","authors":"V. Kisel","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-26-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-26-44","url":null,"abstract":"The article is focused on the study of the geometric petroglyphs of Southern Siberia and Mongolia. All of them are characterized by the presence of anthropomorphic features. The petroglyphs were divided into three complexes. The first complex is a parabola with a recess at the top and a pair of “legs” at the bottom. The second one is a combination of rectangles and trapezoids with “legs”. Sometimes they have “heads”, “hands” and “vulvas”. The third one is poles with crossbars, on which rectangular canvases with fringe are suspended. According to archaeologists, the first complex dating back to the Eneolithic — the Bronze Age belongs to the Chemurchek and Karakol cultures, the second to the Afanasiev and Karakol cultures, and the third to the Okunevo culture. The latest is the third complex, which belongs to the final stage of the Okunevo culture. Based on the results of a comparative analysis of ethnographic materials, it can be assumed that the petroglyphs of the first complex depicted people hidden under shoots, grass or straw. These mummers during the rituals represented vegetative spirits. The petroglyphs of the second complex, which were characteristic attributes used on holidays and rituals associated with the change of seasons are presented by dummies in the form of women. The petroglyphs of the third complex had a memorial character, depicting models of the deceased in the form of a cross with suspended shrouds. In general, all the complexes reflected different variants (or stages?) of anthropomorphic modeling: a mummer—a dummy (doll)—a model..","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130328093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The features of the Сalchaqui ceramic vessels: technology of producing and ornamentation Сalchaqui陶瓷器皿的特点:制作工艺和装饰工艺

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-86-105

Lyubov Dmitrenko

{"title":"The features of the Сalchaqui ceramic vessels: technology of producing and ornamentation","authors":"Lyubov Dmitrenko","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-86-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-86-105","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of the interplay between manufacturing technology, vessel construction elements and surface treatment often attracts the attention of archaeologists studying ancient ceramics. The MAE RAS collection includes a number of ceramics vessels obtained during excavations of the La Paya site (province of Salta, northwest Argentina). The settlement was founded by the Diaguita-Calchaqui Indians at the end of the first millennium and existed in 9–16 centuries AD. An important part of this archaeological complex was excavated at the beginning of the 20th century by the Argentine archaeologist, founder and first director of the Ethnographic Museum in Buenos Aires, J. B. Ambrosetti. The most part of the La Paya complex was presented by hand-molded ceramic vessels, which were a characteristic part of Calchaqui’s funeral rituals. Burials in cists were found within the stone wall surrounding the site, as well as in the territory of the necropolis adjoining it from the west. The ceramic complex of La Paya consists of a significant number of bowls, characterized by a high level of morphological diversity. Bowls of different shapes were made either as independent vessels or as components of complex forms. At the same time, the funerary urns and the bowls associated with them have a stable pattern of ornamentation. In the article the data on technology of manufacturing and ornamentation of the La Paya vessels is presented and some historiographical and mythological subjects, which can be useful for understanding new features of construction and ornamentation of the Calchaqui ceramic bowls and burial urns, are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115115571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bronze seal from the Duryony settlement and the elite Xiongnu complex of the Tsaram burial ground 来自Duryony定居点和Tsaram墓地的匈奴精英建筑群的青铜印章

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-45-51

N. Nikolaev

{"title":"Bronze seal from the Duryony settlement and the elite Xiongnu complex of the Tsaram burial ground","authors":"N. Nikolaev","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-45-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-45-51","url":null,"abstract":"The changes triggered by the emergence of the Xiongnu state, which occupied a dominant position in Central Asia at the end of the 1st millennium BC, radically influenced the fate of the nomadic and settled agricultural world. By this time, the process of transformation of traditional institutions of Xiongnu society had been basically completed and a rather complex management system with an extensive hierarchical structure had been formed. The seals were one of the symbols of the new system. Being a confirmation of social status seals were in circulation by the Xiongnu society up to its complete degradation. More than forty years ago, a bronze seal of the Xiongnu was found during the archaeological excavations of the Duryony settlement in Trans-Baikal region. This find still remains unique. In the publications focused on it, the main attention was paid to the style and composition of the carved image, as well as issues related to the appearance of seals among the Xiongnu and the role assigned to them in public life. In this study, the seal from the Duryony settlement is considered in the context of the results of large-scale archaeological studies of the complexes of the Xiongnu elite, carried out in Mongolia and Trans-Baikal area in the early 2000s. The observations made allow us to argue that the seal could belong to one of the representatives of the clan nobility buried in the Tsaramskaya valley, who ruled remote territories on the northern borders of the Xiongnu state, or someone from their entourage.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130397274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Craniological data on migrations from the West to Eastern Europe in the Post-Catacomb period 后地下墓穴时期从西欧到东欧移民的颅学资料

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-134-144

Alexander Kazarnitsky

{"title":"Craniological data on migrations from the West to Eastern Europe in the Post-Catacomb period","authors":"Alexander Kazarnitsky","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-134-144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-134-144","url":null,"abstract":"In the article the craniology of the post-Catacomb and Middle Volga Abashevo populations in the context of cranial metric characteristics of Neolithic and Bronze Age groups of continental Europe is discussed. The data on 2100 male skulls belonging to 95 samples was analyzed by means of Mahalanobis distances (D²) matrix. The results reveal high level of similarity between the post-Catacomb series and Catacomb East-Manych, Eastern Caucasus (Gintchi) and Fatyanovo-Balanovo samples. Basically these results are in line with archaeological reconstructions of cultural processes in Middle and Late Bronze Age. The most western series, which displays morphologic similarity with the Babino sample, is the Globular Amphora series, while the Corded Ware sample from the Baltic region is similar to the Lolino culture sample. We suggest that the series of skulls from the Pepkino kurgan may be unrepresentative for the Middle Volga Abashevo population, since analogies to its cranial metric profile can be traced only in the late Fatyanovo and Balanovo samples and in one local Yamnaya sample, but are absent in other European populations, including Bell Beaker sample, which is in contradiction with archaeological data.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124054303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An elite burial of the Chinge-Tey I kurgan: preliminary analysis of anthropological data 秦始秦代库尔干人的精英墓葬:人类学资料的初步分析

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-145-153

Evgenia Uchaneva

{"title":"An elite burial of the Chinge-Tey I kurgan: preliminary analysis of anthropological data","authors":"Evgenia Uchaneva","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-145-153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-145-153","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents preliminary results of the analysis of the skeletal remains of an individual buried in the elite grave 9 of the Chinge-Tey I kurgan. According to osteological data the skeleton belongs to a male of 20–25 years old. The hip and lower extremity bones display the periosteal lesions. Despite postmortem destruction and deformation, the skull was reconstructed and measured using rather wide battery of traits. The data on thirteen cranial metric traits were analyzed by means of discriminate canonical analysis using averaged intra-group correlation matrix. To compare the male from grave 9 with other Scythian populations of Tuva, the obtained vector scores were used to calculate the squared Mahalanobis distances (D2).The results of statistical analysis reveal high level of similarity between the morphology of the male skull from the elite grave with other samples of the Aldy-Bel culture. The characteristic morphologic complex includes the largest width of the skull and the least protruding nasal bones comparing to all other samples from Tuva. Among the closest analogies to the Chinge-Tey I skull is the sample from another elite burials of the Aldy-Bel culture, the Arzhan-2 kurgan.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133732000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geometric forms in the art of the ancient population of the Kola Peninsula 科拉半岛古代人口艺术中的几何形式

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-64-85

V. Shumkin, V. Likhachev

{"title":"Geometric forms in the art of the ancient population of the Kola Peninsula","authors":"V. Shumkin, V. Likhachev","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-64-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2022-2-64-85","url":null,"abstract":"Geometric images on rocky surfaces (petroglyphs and paintings), which abound in the sites of Northern Fennoscandia (more than 300 separate locations), as well as similar symbols on ceramics, bone products, horns, stone handicrafts, do not often attract the attention of researchers. Like figurative images, they, undoubtedly, have been included in the arsenal of creative activities of our distant ancestors since ancient times and reflect their worldview, captured by visual means. Pisanitsy (pictograms) of the Rybachy Peninsula is the only site of its kind in the vast territory of the Russian North. The petroglyphs of Kanozera, along with similar objects from Alta, Vingen (Norway), Nämforsen (Sweden), Vyg, Onego (Karelia) are among the largest (each with more than 1000 images) rock art galleries of the hunter-gatherer tradition of Fennoscandia and remains the only site of this kind in the Russian Arctic. Modern studies of petroglyphs by means of night photofixation technique based on special powerful lighting directed at an particular angle to the surface with engravings, as well other non destructive technical methods, including the use of a technique based on the creation of 3D models using photogrammetry and obtaining “pseudo-rubbings” allow reveling new images and refine the outline already known. Sharing similar geometric patterns with petroglyphs, the ground labyrinths of the Kola Peninsula are made in different from petroglyphs techniques and materials. The labyrinths constructed of small boulders in the bays of the Barents Sea they are frequently used by various “pseudo-analysts” to build their esoteric speculations. Working in the direction of scientific study of these phenomena, trying to demonstrate and analyze the objects of historical and cultural heritage themselves, the authors follow the postulate that true human behavior and its conscious activity, in general, begins with the use of symbols, thanks to which the final separation of man from the animal environment took place.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132349905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sungir: the essence of the site sungil:网站的精华

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2022-1-8-23

Victor Sergin

引用次数: 0

Ornamental compositions of tattoos among the peoples of Northern Pacifica (classification principles) 北太平洋民族纹身的装饰组成(分类原则)

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2022-1-108-117

L. Lbova, I. Ponkratova, L. Lebedeva

{"title":"Ornamental compositions of tattoos among the peoples of Northern Pacifica (classification principles)","authors":"L. Lbova, I. Ponkratova, L. Lebedeva","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2022-1-108-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2022-1-108-117","url":null,"abstract":"Tattoos are a vivid artistic form and expressive means of cultural, social and possibly ethnic identity of the peoples of the North. The classification of tattoos of the aboriginal peoples of the North Pacific, as well as the systematization of ornamental compositions and elements, have not yet been developed, which determines the novelty of this publication. The relevance of the study is in developing a research methodology for tattoo ornament, as a special type of artistic creativity of the peoples of the North. In the study we analyze the data on main ornamental motives and compositions of tattoos of the Chukchi, Eskimos, Evens, Itelmens, and other peoples of the northeastern regions of Eurasia basing of ethnographic observations obtained by a number of researchers in the 17th-19th and early 20th centuries. It has been revealed that while the main type of ornament of the peoples of the North is represented by simple geometric figures (lines, dotted lines, geometric shapes, grids, etc.), the unique stylized anthropomorphic and zoomorphic elements preserved as well. Analysis of ideas about northern ornamental art is an urgent task, since it plays an important role in the formation of personal, cultural, ethnic and social identity of the peoples, which determines the future prospects for cross-cultural research. Additionally to the tattoo motives ornamentation techniques, tools, composition of elements and features of motifs and compositions on household items, clothes, etc. can be identified as features of ornamental art. The authors see further research prospects in verification of the techniques of ornamentation characteristics, the semantic analysis of the ornamental field as a whole.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129525595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Decorated broad knives in the Mesolithic of the Volga-Oka interfluve 伏尔加-奥卡交界中石器时代的装饰阔刀

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2022-1-58-75

M. Zhilin

{"title":"Decorated broad knives in the Mesolithic of the Volga-Oka interfluve","authors":"M. Zhilin","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2022-1-58-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2022-1-58-75","url":null,"abstract":"Broad knives made of elk scapula were widespread in the Mesolithic of the forest zone from the Eastern Baltic to the Trans-Urals. Operation sequence of their manufacture was rather standard. The ridge of elk scapula was knocked off, and its surface was planed by carving, scraping or whittling, sometimes smoothed with an abrasive slab. One edge of a scapula was cut off and sharpened by longitudinal whittling with a flint knife. The joint was flattened or broken off. The distal end of some knives has a pair of perforations pierced through or rarely drilled. Use-wear analysis conducted by the author showed that broad knives made of elk scapula were used mainly for hide processing, and some were used for removing bark from tree trunks. Most of them are not decorated. Rare knives with ornamentation or abstract geometric engravings from sites Stanovoye 4 in the Volga-Oka interfluve and Veretye 1 in the Eastern Onega region according to traceological data were used in the same manner as undecorated ones. Engraving of ornamentation, and especially complicated geometric designs demanded substantial amount of time and labor. Such images are single and not repeated even among materials of one site and one culture. This indicates individualization of the world perception and its representation among separate members of Mesolithic communities. Evidently not only working characteristics of a tool were important for them, but also its appearance. Probably complicated abstract images engraved on broad knives had definite, possibly sacred meaning. But at the moment we cannot offer its reliable explanation.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127062552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Within-group differentiation of the Early Iron Age Bolshaya rechka culture population (Novosibirsk Ob river region) 新西伯利亚鄂毕河地区早期铁器时代Bolshaya rechka文化种群的群内分化

Camera Praehistorica Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.31250/2658-3828-2022-1-118-137

Maria Kishkurno

{"title":"Within-group differentiation of the Early Iron Age Bolshaya rechka culture population (Novosibirsk Ob river region)","authors":"Maria Kishkurno","doi":"10.31250/2658-3828-2022-1-118-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31250/2658-3828-2022-1-118-137","url":null,"abstract":"In the article the results of the within-group analysis of the Early Iron age Bolshaya rechka culture population from the Novosibirsk Ob river area are presented. The maximum available database of craniological measurements, including individual data published by a number of other researchers was analyzed. Thus, data on individuals from 11 burial grounds, namely Verkh-Suzun-5, Bystrovka-1, -2, -3, «26 iyunya», Milovanovo-2, -3, -8, Novy Sharap-1, -2, Ordynskoye-1 became the basis of the study. The craniometric measurements were carried out in accordance with the standard protocol of V.P. Alekseev and G.F. Debets. Statistical analysis includes methods of univariate (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk, Fisher tests, frequency histograms and box plots) and multivariate (principal components analysis) statistics. Certain level of heterogeneity in the anthropological composition of the studying population of the Novosibirsk Ob region, which was not the result of a recent mixing of Mongoloid and Caucasoid groups, was revealed. Apparently, both the male and female Bolshaya rechka groups were related to the autochthonous Siberian component associated with the ancient population of Altai-Sayan Highlands. In addition, some skulls have a specific combination of metric characteristics. It can result from infrequent contacts with either European populations, or another ancient protomorphic groups. Also, few skulls display another specific combination of traits, which is usually associated with the taiga West Siberian populations.","PeriodicalId":202037,"journal":{"name":"Camera Praehistorica","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132023790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1