Physiology & Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Long-lasting cardiovascular modulation in female rats induced by topiramate administration during pre-adolescence","authors":"Kenny Gutemberg Nunes Silva ,&nbsp;Maria Vitória Oliveira Miguel ,&nbsp;Amanda Monteiro Bonancea ,&nbsp;Gabriella Rossato de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Deborah Gomes da Silva ,&nbsp;Camila Borecki Vidigal ,&nbsp;Kawane Fabricio Moura ,&nbsp;Karoliny Coelho Andrade ,&nbsp;Graziela Scalianti Ceravolo ,&nbsp;Marli C. Martins-Pinge ,&nbsp;Carlos C. Crestani ,&nbsp;Fernando Henrique Ferrari Alves ,&nbsp;Gislaine Garcia Pelosi","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies showed that administration of topiramate (TPM) could cause cardiovascular changes, but the enduring effects of this use during early life phases are unknown. The present work evaluated whether treatment with TPM administered during pre-adolescence would cause long-term effects in adulthood on cardiovascular parameters in female rats. In this way, female Wistar rats were treated from postnatal day (PND) 16 to 28 with water or TPM (41mg/kg/day) via gavage. In adulthood, at PND85, the female rats were tested by identify the oestrus phase. Each one in the oestrus phase were subjected to cardiovascular activity assessment protocols. In the PND86, the rats were evaluated for: baseline cardiovascular parameters, baroreflex, haemodynamic and acute restraint stress reactivity. In TPM treated female rats, baroreflex assessment indicated an increase in the slope of the bradycardic response in response to mean arterial pressure increases caused by intravenous infusion of phenylephrine. Treatment with TPM also enhanced pressor response to the vasoactive drugphenylephrine. Conversely, TPM did not affect the pressor and tachycardic responses evoked by acute restraint stress. These findings demonstrated that administration of TPM during pre-adolescence modified the autonomic response of baroreflex component and altered haemodynamic response to vasoactive drugs in adulthood in female rats, suggesting a long-term effect on cardiovascular modulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 115111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Listening to your stomach: Effects of gastric biofeedback training on interoception, eating behavior and eating disorder symptoms","authors":"Aline Tiemann ,&nbsp;Marius Rubo ,&nbsp;Sarah N. Garfinkel ,&nbsp;Claus Vögele ,&nbsp;Zoé van Dyck ,&nbsp;Simone Munsch","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gastric interoception, the sensing of signals from the stomach, plays a central role in regulating hunger, satiety, and fullness and is closely linked to eating behaviors and symptoms of eating disorders (EDs). Gastric motility has been identified as a key mediator of hunger and satiety, with altered gastric rhythms being observed in individuals with EDs. Enhancing gastric interoception by targeting gastric rhythms may therefore offer a promising intervention strategy. This study examined the effects of a novel electrogastrography (EGG)-based gastric biofeedback training delivered using virtual reality (VR) or a two-dimensional (2D) display, compared with a control condition. A sample of predominantly healthy university students (<em>N</em> = 94) participated in four biofeedback sessions over two weeks. We assessed cardiac, gastric, and general interoception, along with self-report measures of eating behavior (emotional, external, restrained, and intuitive eating) and ED symptoms. We expected biofeedback training to improve interoception, eating behaviors, and to reduce ED symptoms, with the strongest effects in the VR group, followed by the 2D group, and the weakest effects in the control group. Linear mixed model analyses revealed that the 2D condition was the most effective, showing the greatest improvements in gastric and general interoception (specifically satiation and fullness sensing, and body listening), as well as intuitive eating. These findings suggest that 2D gastric biofeedback may be an effective and accessible approach to interoception training which can potentially be applied in home settings. Future research should explore its clinical utility in populations with EDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 115108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-life stress and maternal immune activation alter stress coping behavior and brain metabolic activity in young male rats","authors":"Saúl Sal-Sarria ,&nbsp;Héctor González-Pardo ,&nbsp;Nélida M. Conejo","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early-life stress (ELS) and maternal immune activation (MIA) are two major environmental risk factors for the development of affective disorders. While their individual effects have been extensively studied, their combined impact on adult affective behavior and brain metabolism remains unclear. This study investigated the independent and interactive effects of MIA (LPS, bacterial lipopolysaccharide, 100 μg/kg, i.p. on gestational days 15–16) and ELS (maternal separation of pups from postnatal days 2 to 14) on affective behavior and brain oxidative metabolism in young male rats. Behavioral outcomes were assessed using the elevated zero maze and the forced swim test. Regional brain activity was quantified by cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) histochemistry in cortico-limbic and subcortical regions.</div><div>MIA significantly increased anxiety-like behavior, whereas ELS reduced locomotor activity in the elevated zero maze. A synergistic effect of both insults was observed in the forced swim test, with combined MIA and ELS animals displaying the highest immobility time. At the neurobiological level, both MIA and ELS independently increased brain CCO activity across several subcortical regions, including the amygdala, striatum, ventral hippocampus, thalamus, and substantia nigra. Neurobehavioral correlation analyses revealed distinct patterns linking behavioral outcomes with regional metabolic activity, particularly in the nucleus accumbens and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.</div><div>These findings suggest that MIA and ELS exert synergistic effects on stress coping behavior and long-term brain oxidative metabolism. Combined exposure to gestational immune challenge and early postnatal stress may exacerbate vulnerability to developing mood disorders in adulthood by disrupting the functional development of affective- and motivation-related brain regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 115109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive function and dietary index for gut microbiota in the aging population: association and machine learning screening models","authors":"Meng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Accelerated global population aging has heightened cognitive impairment as a critical public health challenge. Emerging evidence implicates gut microbiota in cognitive regulation via the gut-brain axis, with diet being a key modifiable factor. The Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) quantifies diet-microbiota interactions, but its link to cognition remains unexplored. This study investigated the DI-GM-cognition relationship in older adults and evaluated its predictive value for cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 2168 older participants in the 2011–2014 NHANES were analyzed. The association between DI-GM and cognitive function was assessed using linear regression with smoothed curve fitting. The robustness and heterogeneity of the results were evaluated through sensitivity and subgroup analyses. A cognitive impairment screening model was developed using three machine learning algorithms (XGBoost, AdaBoost, Random Forest), and key associated features in the optimal model were identified via SHAP analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After full covariate adjustment, higher DI-GM scores significantly correlated with better cognitive function (β = 1.25, 95 % CI: 0.62–1.88, <em>p</em> = 0.0001) and reduced cognitive impairment probability (OR = 0.91, 95 % CI: 0.84–0.99, <em>p</em> = 0.023). Subgroup analyses confirmed consistency across populations, with marital status moderating effects. XGBoost achieved optimal prediction (AUC = 0.87); SHAP analysis identified age, diabetes, and DI-GM as key associated features.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>DI-GM positively associates with cognitive function and negatively with impairment probability, suggesting diet targeting gut microbiota may support cognitive protection. Key associated features (age, diabetes, DI-GM) highlight the importance of dietary optimization and chronic disease management for cognitive health in aging populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 115107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief parent-report measure of slowness in eating is associated with weight status in children with cystic fibrosis over a 3-year follow-up","authors":"Sarah Ann Duck ,&nbsp;Zeyi Wang ,&nbsp;Afroditi Papantoni ,&nbsp;Aerial Sheltry ,&nbsp;Elena Jansen ,&nbsp;Brian Caffo ,&nbsp;Timothy H. Moran ,&nbsp;Robert L. Findling ,&nbsp;Peter J. Mogayzel Jr. ,&nbsp;Susan Carnell","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Eating behaviors are potential targets to improve outcomes including metabolic health in those with CF. We aimed to test whether slowness in eating was associated with weight status over 3 year follow-up in children with CF, using the slowness in eating subscale from the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ), a brief parent-report instrument.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Parents of 60 patients (mean age 7.7±3.2; 66.7% male) completed the CEBQ, including the 4-item subscale assessing slowness in eating (CEBQ-SE), during regular clinic hours, at study entry. Body Mass Index z-scores (BMIz) were calculated using anthropometric data collected at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 year follow-up for use in Linear Mixed Models (LMM).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Children’s CEBQ-SE scores were used to create 3 CEBQ-SE tertiles. Based on model estimates, at all time-points, the low CEBQ-SE tertile (fastest eaters) had a greater BMIz (Baseline: 0.46, Yr 1: 0.58; Yr 2: 0.64; Yr 3: 0.67) than both the medium CEBQ-SE tertile (Baseline: -0.09, Yr 1: -0.06, Yr 2: -0.03, Yr 3: -0.02) and high CEBQ-SE tertile (Baseline: -0.05, Yr 1: 0.08, Yr 2: 0.10, Yr 3: 0.01). Sensitivity analyses either omitting children who had ever used a gastric tube, or children who had never been on appetite-stimulating medication, demonstrated the utility of these interventions to promote reaching weight status goals, particularly for children with low BMIz and slow eating.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Low slowness in eating at baseline was associated with high BMIz 1, 2, and 3 years later in children with CF. The CEBQ-SE subscale could identify children who could benefit from early intervention to optimize weight status and eating behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 115104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cafeteria diet increases approach behavior and appetitive ultrasonic vocalizations triggered by a food-related cue in male rats","authors":"Rebeca Vindas-Smith ,&nbsp;Andrey Sequeira-Cordero ,&nbsp;Georgina Gómez ,&nbsp;Jaime Fornaguera ,&nbsp;Juan C. Brenes","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The omnipresence of highly palatable food and its related cues constitutes an important risk factor for overeating and body weight gain in today's obesogenic environment. This study examined the metabolic, behavioral, and neurobiological effects of a cafeteria (CAF) diet (kcal composition: 42 % carbs, 13 % protein, 45 % fat) against two control grain-based diets: C1 (kcal composition: 63 % carbs, 23 % protein, 14 % fat) and C2 (kcal composition: 58 % carbs, 29 % protein, 13 % fat) in male Wistar rats (<em>n</em> = 27) at postnatal day 38. After a 9-week feeding period, open-field activity and ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) were assessed using the animals' empty food container to evaluate attribution of incentive salience to food cues. Additionally, we measured biochemical serum profiles, neurotransmitter levels, and mRNA for BDNF, TrkB, CREB, Dnmt3A, and CRF in reward-related brain regions. Results showed that the CAF diet increased food intake, body weight, and adiposity. CAF-fed rats significantly explored the empty food container more and emitted higher rates of 50-kHz frequency-modulated USVs –markers of incentive motivation and positive affect. The CAF diet also upregulated hippocampal BDNF, TrkB, and CREB, while downregulated TrkB, CREB, and Dnmt3A mRNA in the nucleus accumbens. Although both control diets were suitable for studying CAF effects, the C1 and C2 groups differed in some parameters (e.g., mRNA, cholesterol, and glutamate levels), highlighting the need for appropriate control diets. Our findings reveal that the CAF diet enhances behavioral reactivity to food cues and induces distinct neurobiological alterations, shedding light on the mechanisms linking palatable foods, reward processing, and obesity vulnerability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 115099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumption of Brazilian palm fruit (Acrocomia intumescens drude) improves biochemical and gut microbiome parameters, reducing cardiovascular risk in exercised rats","authors":"Mikaelle Albuquerque de Souza ,&nbsp;Diego Elias Pereira ,&nbsp;Elen Carla Alves da Silva ,&nbsp;Robson Galdino Medeiros ,&nbsp;Andreza Moraes Duarte ,&nbsp;Larissa Maria Gomes Dutra ,&nbsp;Daline Fernandes de Souza Araújo ,&nbsp;Wydemberg Jose de Araújo ,&nbsp;Celso José Bruno de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra ,&nbsp;Adriano Francisco Alves ,&nbsp;Vanessa Bordin Viera ,&nbsp;Juliana Késsia Barbosa Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of macaiba pulp on physical, biochemical, intestinal health, and oxidative stress parameters in exercised rats. Methodology: Forty-four male rats were divided into four groups (<em>n</em>= 11): sedentary control (CT), exercised control (CT-EX), sedentary macaiba (MC), and exercised macaiba (MC-EX). MC and MC-EX groups received 1000 mg/kg/day of macaiba pulp, while CT and CT-EX received distilled water for eight weeks. Exercised animals underwent swimming for five days a week, beginning with 10 min and progressing to 60 min. Blood was collected to measure cholesterol (TC, HDL, LDL, VLDL), glucose, urea, liver enzymes (AST, ALT), and cardiovascular risk factors. Liver samples were analyzed for malonaldehyde (MDA), total fat, and cholesterol, while feces were collected for metagenome analysis. Body fat and adiposity index were also measured. Results: Macaiba-treated groups showed improved gut microbiome balance, reduced TC, LDL, VLDL, glucose, urea, liver enzymes, cardiovascular risks, body fat, MDA, and liver fat, with an increase in HDL. Conclusion: Macaiba pulp effectively improved biochemical parameters, reduced lipid peroxidation from exercise, and lowered adipose tissue and cardiovascular risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 115102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How the presence of a dog and types of interaction affect physiological responses to experimental heat pain induction in healthy humans - a randomized controlled study","authors":"Lene Høeg Fuglsang-Damgaard ,&nbsp;Sigrid Juhl Lunde ,&nbsp;Janne Winther Christensen ,&nbsp;Lene Vase ,&nbsp;Poul B. Videbech ,&nbsp;Nancy R. Gee ,&nbsp;Karen Thodberg","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115097","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;It has become increasingly popular to include dogs as a complement to regular therapy, with the expectation that they offer, among other benefits, pain-relieving effects. Meanwhile, studies covering the topic of painful situations within the field of animal-assisted interventions (AAI) present conflicting results and rarely consider the type and duration of interaction with the dog. Thus, the impact of human-dog interactions on physiological measurements during painful situations is largely unknown. Basic research is needed on the effects of interacting with a dog, using commonly applied immediate physiological measurements in healthy humans during experimental pain induction to fill this gap in the literature.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The present study investigated how AAI influences physiological measurements when healthy humans are subjected to experimental heat pain induction. Simultaneously, the study explored how the duration of different types of interaction with a human companion or a dog as well as dog behavior during experimental heat pain induction affected physiological measurements.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Fifty-eight healthy participants (14 men, 44 women, age: 18-66 years) were randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: 1) a dog and a human companion or 2) a human companion only. Both intervention groups underwent two test conditions in a balanced order: an active test condition with their allocated intervention and a control test condition without their allocated intervention. The participants were exposed to a 5-minute heat pain induction trial in both test conditions with a 20-minute break between trials. Heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV) and skin conductance (SC), analyzed as tonic level (SCL) and peak counts (SCR), were continuously recorded. Blood pressure (BP) and salivary cortisol (s-cortisol) were collected as pre- and post-measurements for each test condition. Behavioral interactions between the participant, dog and human companion as well as behavior of the dog were recorded and the influence of the behavioral interactions on each physiological measure was analyzed. Linear Mixed Models were applied.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;HR was higher for the intervention group with a dog and a human companion compared to a human companion only (p=0.013). Additionally, within-subject comparison showed an increased HR during the active condition compared to the control condition in both intervention groups (dog and human companion: p&lt;0.001 and human companion only: p=0.025). None of the other physiological measurements were influenced by the mere presence of a dog in either the between- nor within-subject comparisons. Within the human companion only group, SCL and SCR were higher during the active condition compared to the control (both p&lt;0.001). The duration of the behavioral interaction between the participant and human companion variously influenced HRV, SBP, s-cortisol and SCL during the active condition in both intervention groups. Furt","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 115097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145046943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trait-like stability of sweet food preferences during diet-induced weight loss in women with overweight and obesity: Evidence from the Leeds food preference questionnaire","authors":"O’Connor Dominic ,&nbsp;Casanova Nuno ,&nbsp;Oustric Pauline ,&nbsp;Beaulieu Kristine ,&nbsp;Hopkins Mark ,&nbsp;Gibbons Catherine ,&nbsp;Finlayson Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Sweet taste preferences are known to influence food choice and diet quality, but the stability of these preferences over time – particularly during structured weight loss interventions – remains unclear. The present study explored the within person stability of sweet food preferences using the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire (LFPQ), a validated, ecologically valid tool, during diet-induced weight loss in women with overweight/obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Forty-six women with overweight or obesity (mean age = 34.9 years, mean BMI = 29.2kg/m²) were randomly allocated to continuous or intermittent energy restriction interventions designed to achieve ≥5 % weight loss within 12 weeks. Sweet food preferences were assessed at baseline, week 2 and post-intervention. Stability of sweet food preferences was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), at a single timepoint (ICC Single) and across multiple timepoints (ICC Average).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both diet interventions produced significant reductions in body weight (CER = - 4.93 kg, IER = -4.42 kg) and body fat (CER = -3.67 kg, IER = -3.04 kg) without differences between groups. No significant changes in sweet food preferences occurred during the intervention for either group. Sweet preferences showed moderate to good stability for single measurements (ICC Single: 0.564–0.750) and good to excellent stability across multiple timepoints (ICC Average: 0.795–0.900), indicating participants maintained their relative sweet preference position compared to others throughout the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sweet food preferences remain stable during diet-induced weight loss in women with overweight/obesity. While exhibiting some day-to-day variations, sweet preferences demonstrate trait-like characteristics that persist despite significant changes in body weight and composition. These findings have important implications for weight management strategies, suggesting that interventions may need to work with, rather than to change, an individual’s inherent taste preference.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 115098"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual differences in stress coping are linked to working memory performance in male and female F344 rats","authors":"Melanie A. Tieman ,&nbsp;Hannah M. Gandy ,&nbsp;Haley A. Dufala ,&nbsp;Caitlin A. Orsini ,&nbsp;Lori A. Newman ,&nbsp;Joseph A. McQuail","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Executive dysfunction and altered stress reactivity are core features of many neuropsychiatric disorders, contributing substantially to global disability and frequently exhibiting sex-specific prevalence and symptom profiles. Understanding how stress responses normally relate to executive function, and whether these relationships differ by sex, is critical for identifying mechanisms of vulnerability and resilience. Although sex differences in stress and cognition have been reported, preclinical findings remain mixed, and few studies assess behavioral coping, endocrine responses, and working memory performance within the same subjects. In this study, we used F344 rats to examine how individual differences in behavioral and hormonal responses to acute stress relate to working memory, assessed using an operant delayed match-to-sample task. Males and females differed in stress reactivity: females exhibited greater immobility across “pre-test” and “test” sessions of the forced swim test (FST) and a more rapid decline in corticosterone (CORT) following restraint, suggesting sex-specific patterns of behavioral and physiological regulation. Despite these differences, working memory accuracy did not differ by sex, although females completed fewer trials and responded more slowly than males. Estrous cycle did not influence cognitive or non-mnemonic performance. Crucially, individual variation in FST immobility, rather than sex or CORT dynamics, was the strongest predictor of working memory accuracy. These findings bridge observed sex differences in stress reactivity with the absence of sex differences in cognition, revealing a trait-level relationship that generalizes across sexes. By jointly considering sex and individual behavioral traits, this work supports approaches to identify biologically meaningful cognitive phenotypes in preclinical models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"302 ","pages":"Article 115101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}