Physiology & Behavior最新文献_第4页

Sex-specific behavioral, cardiac, and neuroendocrine responses to repeated witness social stress in adult rats 成年大鼠对重复目击社会压力的行为、心脏和神经内分泌反应具有性别特异性。

IF 2.4 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114702

Margherita Barbetti, Andrea Sgoifo, Luca Carnevali

{"title":"Sex-specific behavioral, cardiac, and neuroendocrine responses to repeated witness social stress in adult rats","authors":"Margherita Barbetti, Andrea Sgoifo, Luca Carnevali","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In humans, sex disparities exist in the prevalence of social stress-related disorders, yet our understanding of the predisposing factors and underlying mechanisms is still elusive. Also at the preclinical level, the investigation of sex differences in social stress responses is limited. In this study, adult male and female wild-type Groningen rats were repeatedly exposed to witness social defeat stress (WS) to assess sex-specific behavioral, neuroendocrine, and cardiac responses to the same social stress paradigm. Male and female rats bore witness to an aggressive social defeat episode between two males for nine consecutive days or were exposed to a control (CTR) procedure. Stress-related parameters were assessed in correspondence to the first and last WS/CTR exposure and also during subsequent exposure to the stress context alone in the absence of social defeat. During WS, rats of both sexes displayed larger amounts of burying behavior and smaller amounts of rearing and grooming behaviors, but with a greater extent in female witnesses. Cardiac autonomic responses to WS were similar between the sexes, yet only females displayed higher plasma corticosterone levels after the first WS exposure compared to CTRs, and had a larger corticosterone increase than male witnesses upon repeated WS. Exposure to the stress context alone (i.e., without the presence of the aggressive resident rat) elicited greater amount of burying behavior and more pronounced and persistent tachycardic responses in females than males with a history of WS. Our findings suggest sex-disparities in the response of adult rats to WS at multiple behavioral, cardiac, and neuroendocrine levels, highlighting the utility of this social stress paradigm for investigating predisposing factors and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying sex-specific vulnerabilities to stress-related pathologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of long-term exposure to high-altitude on episodic memory: The moderating role of daytime dysfunction 长期暴露于高海拔地区对表观记忆的影响：日间功能障碍的调节作用

IF 2.4 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114700

Getong Tao , Hailin Ma , Yanjie Su

{"title":"Effects of long-term exposure to high-altitude on episodic memory: The moderating role of daytime dysfunction","authors":"Getong Tao , Hailin Ma , Yanjie Su","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic exposure to high-altitude hypoxic environments may influence short-term memory and working memory. However, its impact on long-term memory, specifically episodic memory, remains understudied. In this study, we systematically investigated the effects of long-term exposure to high altitude (3650 m) on episodic memory, including item memory and source memory. Moreover, we examined the moderating role of daytime dysfunction on the relationship between altitude and episodic memory. In total, 97 participants were enrolled in the study: 49 were from the high-altitude (HA) group, comprising those born and raised in low altitude (LA) areas (< 500 m) and had migrated to HA for 2∼3 years after turning 18; and 48 were from the LA group, who had never lived at high altitudes. Episodic memory was evaluated using a what-when-where task, whereas daytime dysfunction was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. For item memory, hit rate and correct rejection rate were significantly lower in the HA group relative to the LA group. For source binding memory, the performance in what-where binding and what-when-where binding were decreased in the HA group, but the what-when binding did not differ between the two groups. Furthermore, the effects of altitude on hit rate, what-where binding, and what-when-where binding were significantly pronounced in individuals with higher levels of daytime dysfunction. These findings suggest that long-term exposure to high-altitude hypoxic environments influences episodic memory performance, including item recognition and source-binding memory. Specifically, spatial source memory is affected by high-altitude exposure, whereas temporal source memory remains unaffected. Moreover, these results highlight the importance of considering sleep quality, especially good daytime function, in maintaining optimal episodic memory function following chronic exposure to high altitudes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reduced voluntary wheel running behaviour in Kiss1r knockout mice Kiss1r基因敲除小鼠的自主轮跑行为减弱

IF 2.4 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114701

Raj Patel , Aaron Gomes , Shane K Maloney, Jeremy T Smith

{"title":"Reduced voluntary wheel running behaviour in Kiss1r knockout mice","authors":"Raj Patel , Aaron Gomes , Shane K Maloney, Jeremy T Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kisspeptin and its receptor, Kiss1r, are novel players in the central balance of energy intake and expenditure. Recent evidence also indicates that kisspeptin signalling is important in thermoregulation and generation of the circadian rhythm. We used global Kiss1r knockout mice (<em>Kiss1r</em> KO), which are hypogonadal and develop obesity, to determine the impact of kisspeptin on circadian related behaviour. Voluntary wheel running was examined in <em>Kiss1r</em> KO and wild-type (WT) mice, using gonad intact and gonadectomised (GDX) mice to account for the effects of kisspeptin on gonadal sex steroids. Intact male and female <em>Kiss1r</em> KO mice covered only 10% and 30% of the distance travelled each day by their respective WT controls. In all mice, most of the running activity occurred during the dark phase. GDX WT mice ran significantly less during dark periods than the intact WT. GDX <em>Kiss1r</em> KO male mice ran significantly less than the GDX WT male mice, but the decrease was attenuated compared to intact mice. There was no difference between the female GDX <em>Kiss1r</em> KO and GDX WT. In contrast to the obese phenotype that develops in <em>Kiss1r</em> KO mice, body mass at the end of the study was significantly lower in the GDX <em>Kiss1r</em> KO than it was in the GDX WT mice. The difference in wheel running activity was not associated with any histological change in WAT, BAT, or muscle diameter. No difference in immunohistochemistry expression was seen in lateral hypothalamic orexin neurons or dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area / substantia nigra. We observed increased Iba1 expression (activation of microglia) in the arcuate nucleus of male <em>Kiss1r</em> KO mice. Overall, the circadian locomotor activity in male <em>Kiss1r</em> KO mice appears dependant on kisspeptin signalling and the obese phenotype does not develop in <em>Kiss1r</em> KO mice when they engage in voluntary activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The regulatory effect of the anterior cingulate cortex on helping behavior in juvenile social isolation model mice 前扣带回皮层对幼年社会隔离模型小鼠帮助行为的调节作用

IF 2.4 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114698

Yue Jin , Da Song , Zhenzhen Quan , Junjun Ni , Hong Qing

{"title":"The regulatory effect of the anterior cingulate cortex on helping behavior in juvenile social isolation model mice","authors":"Yue Jin , Da Song , Zhenzhen Quan , Junjun Ni , Hong Qing","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social isolation during adolescence negatively impacts the development of adult social behaviors. However, the exact link between social experiences during adolescence and social behaviors in adulthood is not fully understood. In the present study, we investigated how isolation during juvenility affects harm avoidance behavior in a mouse model of juvenile social isolation. We found that mice subjected to social isolation as juveniles display atypical harm avoidance behaviors and that neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex are involved in these abnormal behaviors. Furthermore, we discovered that the chemogenetic activation of anterior cingulate cortex pyramidal neurons can rescue impaired harm-avoidance behaviors in these mice. Our findings provide valuable insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the impact of social experiences on behavior and brain function. Understanding how social isolation during crucial developmental periods can lead to alterations in behavior opens up new avenues for exploring therapeutic interventions for neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by impaired prosocial behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of double neonatal stress on female rat sexual behaviour 新生儿双重应激对雌鼠性行为的影响

IF 2.4 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114692

Marcos Rochedo Ferraz, Jéssica Santos Guimarães, Vittoria Ugenti Monteiro, Larissa Nascimento Santos , Jéssica Sertório Casimiro e Silva, Elaine de Sousa Barbosa, Stephen de Sousa da Silva

{"title":"Effects of double neonatal stress on female rat sexual behaviour","authors":"Marcos Rochedo Ferraz, Jéssica Santos Guimarães, Vittoria Ugenti Monteiro, Larissa Nascimento Santos , Jéssica Sertório Casimiro e Silva, Elaine de Sousa Barbosa, Stephen de Sousa da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neonatal stress affects psychological and physiological development and may be associated with affective disorders. The aim was to examine the effects of double neonatal stress (DNS) – a combination of limited bedding and nesting (LBN) and repeated maternal separation (MS) – on the oestrous cycle and sexual behaviour of adult female rats. LBN was achieved by removing part of the wood shavings from the boxes. In the control group, each box was lined with 100 g of wood shavings, while in the experimental group there were only 10 g of wood shavings. MS was performed from P1 (P0 = day of birth) to P15. At P90, the sexual response of females in oestrus was evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test. The size and profile of the oestrous cycle and the sexual behaviour of female rats submitted to the DNS were considered, as well as the influence of female behaviour on the sexual response of male rats. Female rats submitted to DNS showed a reduction in the lordosis quotient, suggesting a reduction in female receptivity. These rats also showed a reduction in the number of hops and darts, the number of ear wiggles, and the genital exploration time rate, suggesting a reduction in proceptivity. The males that interacted with the females of the DNS group showed a reduction in intromission ratio. Experimental model that mimics neonatal factors that affect adult female sexual response will allow more effective interventions to prevent and treat such changes. In addition, analysis of the female sexual response makes it possible to assess the general state of health and quality of life. In female rats, DNS exerted inhibitory effects on sexual behaviour. LBN was probably the most important factor. In conclusion, combating childhood poverty can be a key measure to prevent problems in the sex life of adults and improve overall health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep learning dives: Predicting anxiety in zebrafish through novel tank assay analysis 深度学习潜水：通过新型水槽化验分析预测斑马鱼的焦虑症

IF 2.4 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114696

Anagha Muralidharan , Amrutha Swaminathan , Alwin Poulose

{"title":"Deep learning dives: Predicting anxiety in zebrafish through novel tank assay analysis","authors":"Anagha Muralidharan , Amrutha Swaminathan , Alwin Poulose","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Behavior is fundamental to neuroscience research, providing insights into the mechanisms underlying thoughts, actions and responses. Various model organisms, including mice, flies, and fish, are employed to understand these mechanisms. Zebrafish, in particular, serve as a valuable model for studying anxiety-like behavior, typically measured through the novel tank diving (NTD) assay. Traditional methods for analyzing NTD assays are either manually intensive or costly when using specialized software. To address these limitations, it is useful to develop methods for the automated analysis of zebrafish NTD assays using deep-learning models. In this study, we classified zebrafish based on their anxiety levels using DeepLabCut. Subsequently, based on a training dataset of image frames, we compared deep-learning models to identify the model best suited to classify zebrafish as anxious or non anxious and found that specific architectures, such as InceptionV3, are able to effectively perform this classification task. Our findings suggest that these deep learning models hold promise for automated behavioral analysis in zebrafish, offering an efficient and cost-effective alternative to traditional methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142293599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Altered vocal communication in adult vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats 缺乏血管加压素的成年布拉特伯勒大鼠发声交流的改变

IF 2.4 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114699

Chloe N. Cordes , Cole P. Fredericks , Linging Liu , Destiny J. Brakey , Derek Daniels , Matthew J. Paul

{"title":"Altered vocal communication in adult vasopressin-deficient Brattleboro rats","authors":"Chloe N. Cordes , Cole P. Fredericks , Linging Liu , Destiny J. Brakey , Derek Daniels , Matthew J. Paul","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The neuropeptide, arginine vasopressin (AVP), has been implicated in social communication across a diverse array of species. Many rodents communicate basic behavioral states with negative versus positive valence through high-pitched vocalizations above the human hearing range (ultrasonic vocalizations; USVs). Previous studies have found that Brattleboro (Bratt) rats, which have a mutation in the <em>Avp</em> gene, exhibit deficits in their USVs from the early postnatal period through adolescence, but the magnitude of this effect appears to decrease from the juvenile to adolescent phase. The present study tested whether Bratt rats continue to exhibit USV deficits in adulthood. USVs of adult male and female Bratt and wild type (WT) rats were recorded in two contexts: a novel environment (empty arena) and a social context (arena filled with bedding soiled by same-sex conspecifics). The number, frequency, and duration of 50 kHz USVs were quantified by DeepSqueak after validation with manual scoring. Twenty-two kHz measures were quantified by manual scoring because DeepSqueak failed to accurately detect USVs in this frequency range. Adult Bratt rats did not exhibit deficits in the number of 50 kHz USVs: male Bratt rats emitted similar 50 kHz USVs as male WT rats, whereas female Bratt rats emitted more USVs than female WT rats. USV frequency and duration were altered in adult Bratt rats, but in a context-dependent manner. Twenty-two kHz USVs were less affected by the Bratt mutation. The present study demonstrates how chronic AVP deficiency impacts social communication across the lifespan. The present findings reveal a complex role for AVP in vocal communication, whereby disruption to the <em>Avp</em> gene leads to sex-, context-, and developmental phase-specific effects on the quantity and spectrotemporal characteristics of rat USVs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neonatal paw pricking alters adolescent behavior in a sex-dependent manner and sucrose partially remediates the effects 新生儿爪刺以性别依赖的方式改变青少年的行为，蔗糖可部分缓解这种影响

IF 2.4 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114695

Jennifer P. Alexander, Sandra M. Mooney

{"title":"Neonatal paw pricking alters adolescent behavior in a sex-dependent manner and sucrose partially remediates the effects","authors":"Jennifer P. Alexander, Sandra M. Mooney","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neonatal exposure to noxious stimuli such as repeated heel lances can cause behavior changes. In the NICU sucrose given prior to procedures attenuates the immediate behavioral response to noxious stimuli but may not ameliorate the long-term consequences, and treatment with 24 % sucrose can brain structure and behavior in adult rodents. We used a rat model to determine whether paw pricks during the neonatal period alter social interaction and/or paw withdrawal thresholds (PWT) in adolescence, and if 7 % sucrose mitigates these effects. One male and one female pup per litter was assigned to each of six experimental groups (no paw prick (control), 1 paw prick (1PP), or 2PP, ± sucrose). Hind paws were pricked once or twice each day between postnatal day (P)3 and P10. Social behavior and PWT were tested in adolescence using the modified social interaction test and von Frey filaments, respectively. Social behavior was altered in the 2PP group; total time interacting was lower in 2PP rats, primarily due to less time sniffing a play partner. Sucrose did not mitigate effects of paw prick but trended to alter social behaviors in males; it decreased time in contact but increased social motivation (movement toward a play partner). PWTs were higher in 2PP animals, this was not altered by sucrose. Thus, rat pups exposed to paw pricks in the neonatal period have some altered behaviors in adolescence. The nature of the behavioral changes is sex-dependent, but sucrose did not mitigate these changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Therapeutic effects of alpha lipoic acid and/or caffeine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles on memory impairment and neurochemical changes in high-fat diet-induced obese rats 硫辛酸和/或咖啡因载体壳聚糖纳米颗粒对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠记忆损伤和神经化学变化的治疗作用

IF 2.4 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114697

Eman N. Hosny , Hussein G. Sawie , Mayada M. El-Gizawy , Haitham S. Mohammed , Abdel Razik Faraag , Yasser A. Khadrawy

{"title":"Therapeutic effects of alpha lipoic acid and/or caffeine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles on memory impairment and neurochemical changes in high-fat diet-induced obese rats","authors":"Eman N. Hosny , Hussein G. Sawie , Mayada M. El-Gizawy , Haitham S. Mohammed , Abdel Razik Faraag , Yasser A. Khadrawy","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The therapeutic effects of alpha lipoic acid (LA) and/or caffeine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CCNPs) on obesity-induced memory impairment were evaluated in the present study. Rats were divided into control rats, obese rats induced by high fat diet (HFD) and obese rats treated with LA and/or CCNPs. Obesity was confirmed by measuring the body mass index (BMI). Memory and cognitive functions were evaluated by novel object recognition test (NORT). The levels of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), lipid peroxidation (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), leptin (LEP) and ghrelin (GHR) and the activities of monoamine oxidase (MAO), acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and Na<sup>+</sup>,K<sup>+</sup>,ATPase were determined in the cortex and hippocampus. The cerebral histopathological alterations were examined in obese rats.</p><p>Obese rats showed impaired memory and exhibited significant neurochemical changes, including decreased levels of 5-HT, DA, GSH, GHR, and Na<sup>+</sup>,K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase activity, as well as an increase in AchE, MAO, MDA, NO, IL-1β, TNF-α, and LEP. LA and/or CCNPs treatment reduced BMI and improved memory. LA or CCNPs alleviated the cortical and hippocampal neurochemical changes and histopathological changes induced by obesity. Furthermore, LA and CCNPs exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which likely contributed to their effects. However, no synergistic effect was observed between LA and CCNPs. These findings suggest that LA or CCNPs may be a potential therapy against obesity and its adverse effects on memory, mediated by their ability to restore monoamine levels and exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does the stress axis mediate behavioural flexibility in a social cichlid, Neolamprologus pulcher? 应激轴是否介导了社会性慈鲷（Neolamprologus pulcher）的行为灵活性？

IF 2.4 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114694

Stefan Fischer , Zala Ferlinc , Katharina Hirschenhauser , Barbara Taborsky , Leonida Fusani , Sabine Tebbich

{"title":"Does the stress axis mediate behavioural flexibility in a social cichlid, Neolamprologus pulcher?","authors":"Stefan Fischer , Zala Ferlinc , Katharina Hirschenhauser , Barbara Taborsky , Leonida Fusani , Sabine Tebbich","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Behavioural flexibility plays a major role in the way animals cope with novel situations, and physiological stress responses are adaptive and highly efficient mechanisms to cope with unpredictable events. Previous studies investigating the role of stress responses in mediating behavioural flexibility were mostly done in laboratory rodents using stressors and cognitive challenges unrelated to the ecology of the species. To better understand how stress mediates behavioural flexibility in a natural context, direct manipulations of the stress response and cognitive tests in ecologically relevant contexts are needed. To this aim, we pharmacologically blocked glucocorticoid receptors (GR) in adult <em>Neolamprologus pulcher</em> using a minimally invasive application of a GR antagonist. GR blockade prevents the recovery after a stressful event, which we predicted to impair behavioural flexibility. After the application of the GR antagonist, we repeatedly exposed fish to a predator and tested their behavioural flexibility using a detour task, i.e. fish had to find a new, longer route to the shelter when the shortest route was blocked. While the latencies to find the shelter were not different between treatments, GR blocked fish showed more failed attempts during the detour tasks than control fish. Furthermore, weak performance during the detour tasks was accompanied by an increase of fear related behaviours. This suggests that blocking GR changed the perception of fear and resulted in an impaired behavioural flexibility. Therefore, our results support a potential link between the capacity to recover from stressors and behavioural flexibility in <em>N. pulcher</em> with potential consequences for an effective and adaptive coping with changing environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031938424002427/pdfft?md5=628e30cff69cea995cf7d2636b48609c&pid=1-s2.0-S0031938424002427-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0