Physiology & Behavior最新文献

Effects of High-Fat Diet and Age on Locomotor activity and Lipid Metabolism in Mice. 高脂饮食和年龄对小鼠运动活性和脂质代谢的影响。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115372

Mengmeng Jiang, Wenting Li, Xinyuan Dong, Wenjing Li, Shuxian Xia, Yu Leng, Jing Wen

{"title":"Effects of High-Fat Diet and Age on Locomotor activity and Lipid Metabolism in Mice.","authors":"Mengmeng Jiang, Wenting Li, Xinyuan Dong, Wenjing Li, Shuxian Xia, Yu Leng, Jing Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) and age on energy metabolism and behavioral activity in small rodents, we measured body weight, food intake, body fat, metabolic rate, digestibility, blood lipid profile, insulin levels, small intestinal morphology, and behavioral activity in 3-, 6-, and 12-month-old male C57BL/6J mice fed either a low-fat diet (LFD) or an HFD for 5 weeks. Mice fed an HFD exhibited lower energy intake, mucosal thickness, and muscularis thickness compared with those given the LFD and displayed increased fat accumulation accompanied by elevated insulin, blood glucose, and cholesterol levels. These changes were associated with increased digestibility and reduced energy expenditure. Furthermore, compared with the 3- and 6-month-old groups, the 12-month-old group exhibited higher energy intake and lower locomotor activity, which contributed to increased fat accumulation and body weight gain. Thus, fat accumulation induced by HFD and age is not solely due to excessive energy intake but also results from enhanced absorption efficiency and decreased energy expenditure. The combined effect of HFD and aging promoted the observed metabolic disorders and obesity. Moreover, distinct energy utilization strategies and behavioral patterns were observed across age groups, with age-specific differences in tissue responsiveness to HFD. Age-related metabolic abnormalities became apparent by 12 months of age, and HFD further accelerated their onset. In conclusion, HFD significantly amplifies the adverse effects of aging, and their combined action can promote the development of metabolic disorders and obesity. This study provides insight into the stage-specific effects of HFD in small rodents and advances understanding of aging-related metabolic dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"115372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147864006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interpersonal Threat Reactivity Differentiates Reactive and Proactive Aggression. 人际威胁反应区分了被动攻击和主动攻击。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2026-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115373

Sophie L Kjærvik, Nicholas D Thomson

{"title":"Interpersonal Threat Reactivity Differentiates Reactive and Proactive Aggression.","authors":"Sophie L Kjærvik, Nicholas D Thomson","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Adolescents with Conduct Disorder (CD) display persistent patterns of antisocial and aggressive behavior, yet the emotional mechanisms underlying different forms of aggression remain unclear. Prior research has linked antisocial behavior to atypical autonomic nervous system functioning, but few studies have examined physiological and subjective reactions to interpersonal conflict simultaneously.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 234 adolescents (M<sub>age</sub> = 15.68; 67% male). This study examined sympathetic nervous system reactivity using skin conductance responses (SCR) and self-reported emotional responses (e.g., arousal, dominance, and valence) to interpersonal threat in an immersive virtual reality paradigm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher SCR threat reactivity was associated with reactive aggression. Greater self-reported feelings of dominance during interpersonal threat was associated with proactive aggression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that reactive aggression is associated with heightened physiological threat reactivity, whereas proactive aggression is associated with greater perceived control during interpersonal threat. This study points to distinct affective and physiological processes for reactive and proactive aggression in adolescents with CD. Furthermore, immersive VR paradigms are promising tools for understanding risk profiles for aggression in high-risk adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":" ","pages":"115373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147864123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxytocin and direct reciprocity in rats 催产素和大鼠的直接互惠。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115263

Tristan Tanchanco, Ruth I. Wood

{"title":"Oxytocin and direct reciprocity in rats","authors":"Tristan Tanchanco, Ruth I. Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cooperation is an important dimension of social behavior in humans and animals. Reciprocal altruism provides an evolutionary basis for cooperation between unrelated organisms, but the neuroendocrine mechanisms driving these behaviors are not fully understood. The present study tested an operant model of direct reciprocity in male and female rats. Direct reciprocity is a sequential 2 × 2 game where rats alternate as Donor and Recipient to deliver and receive 1 sugar pellet (respectively) in repeated trials. Rats were tested in same-sex pairs, and we determined the effects of oxytocin (OT) and its antagonist (OTR-A) on cooperative responses. There was no baseline sex difference in cooperation (females: 25.2 ± 3.8%; males: 20.7 ± 3.1%), and pretreatment with OT (0.05–2 mg/kg) had no effect on the likelihood of the Donor to respond on behalf of their cagemate Recipient. In a similar manner, there was no difference in cooperation when rats were paired with an unfamiliar partner (<em>p</em> > 0.05). However, OTR-A had a sex-specific effect to reduce cooperative responses in females (to 11.1 ± 2.2%, <em>p</em> < 0.05), and increase the likelihood of defection after their partner defected (from 80.2 ± 4.1% to 87.8 ± 2.3%, <em>p</em> < 0.05). These findings align with recent studies suggesting that OT enhances reward valuation, and has broad effects on decision-making circuitry in the brain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 115263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Circadian clock genes Per1/Per2 deficiency induces premature age-related motor function decline in mice 生物钟基因Per1/Per2缺乏可导致小鼠过早衰老相关的运动功能下降。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115245

Yimei Fan , Hui Luo , Nana Zheng , Longyan Li , Jihui Zhang , Biao Li , Hongliang Feng

{"title":"Circadian clock genes Per1/Per2 deficiency induces premature age-related motor function decline in mice","authors":"Yimei Fan , Hui Luo , Nana Zheng , Longyan Li , Jihui Zhang , Biao Li , Hongliang Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The circadian clock genes <em>Per1</em> and <em>Per2</em> play a crucial role in regulating circadian rhythms. However, the consequences of their deficiency on motor function and age-related behavioral changes remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the age-dependent effects of <em>Per1/Per2</em> double knockout (DKO) on motor function in mice. Using wheel-running assays under a 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle, we compared circadian entrainment between 2-month-old and 9-month-old DKO and wild-type (WT) mice. Motor function was assessed via the pole test and rotarod test, while exploratory behavior was evaluated using the open field test. We further analyzed the main and interaction effects of genotype and age on both circadian and motor parameters. Results showed that <em>Per1/Per2</em> DKO markedly disrupted light-entrained behavioral rhythms in both age groups. While DKO mice aged from showing no motor deficits at 2 months to pronounced declines in balance and exploration by 9 months. Interaction analysis revealed a significant main effect of <em>Per1/Per2</em> deficiency on balance and coordination, whereas age alone had no significant effect. Both factors affected exploration, with the genetic effect worsening with age. Notably, severe circadian disruption was present in young mice before motor deficits appeared. In conclusion, <em>Per1/Per2</em> deficiency exacerbates age-related motor decline. Our finding that circadian disruption precedes motor deficits demonstrates that these clock genes are indispensable for preserving motor function and behavioral organization during aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 115245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146106689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prenatal, but not neonatal, paracetamol exposure disrupts neuroendocrine regulation of stress and emotional behavior in adult male rats 产前，但不是新生儿，扑热息痛暴露破坏神经内分泌调节应激和情绪行为的成年雄性大鼠。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115261

Arlet de Jesús Guzmán-Montemayor , Joshua Julian Sierra-Debernardi , Miriam Barradas-Moctezuma , Aleph A. Corona-Morales , Rebeca Toledo-Cárdenas , María Elena Hernández-Aguilar , Jorge Manzo , Deissy Herrera-Covarrubias , Genaro A. Coria-Avila

{"title":"Prenatal, but not neonatal, paracetamol exposure disrupts neuroendocrine regulation of stress and emotional behavior in adult male rats","authors":"Arlet de Jesús Guzmán-Montemayor , Joshua Julian Sierra-Debernardi , Miriam Barradas-Moctezuma , Aleph A. Corona-Morales , Rebeca Toledo-Cárdenas , María Elena Hernández-Aguilar , Jorge Manzo , Deissy Herrera-Covarrubias , Genaro A. Coria-Avila","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paracetamol is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic, commonly administered during pregnancy and early postnatal life. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2/3 (COX-2/3) enzymes, which play a critical role in normal brain development during the perinatal period. In this study, we investigated anxiety-like behavior, depression-like behavior, and corticosterone levels in adult male rats following either prenatal or neonatal paracetamol exposure. Pregnant dams received subcutaneous injections of paracetamol (60 mg/kg) or saline every 12 h from gestational day (GD) 16 to 20, while neonatal pups received the same treatment from postnatal day (PD) 1 to 5. At PD70, a subset of males was allowed to gain sexual experience, while others remained sexually naïve. Behavioral assessments were conducted on PD94 and PD95 using the elevated plus maze and the forced swim test, respectively. On PD107, males were exposed to bedding from estrous females as a social stimulus, and serum corticosterone levels were measured. Prenatal paracetamol exposure resulted in significantly reduced anxiety-like behavior and serum corticosterone, along with increased depression-like behavior in adulthood. In contrast, neonatal exposure produced no significant behavioral or hormonal alterations. These findings reveal differential sensitivity to paracetamol during distinct developmental windows, with prenatal exposure leading to long-lasting disruptions in emotional regulation and neuroendocrine stress responses. These effects may be mediated by COX inhibition or interference with neural circuits involved in stress regulation and motivational processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 115261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146137896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of food addiction on the treatment of eating disorders and obesity: A systematic review 食物成瘾对饮食失调和肥胖治疗的影响：一项系统综述。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115248

Anna Laura Amato , Paola Gualtieri , Michela Cirillo , Giada La Placa , Giulia Frank , Rossella Cianci , Laura Di Renzo

{"title":"The impact of food addiction on the treatment of eating disorders and obesity: A systematic review","authors":"Anna Laura Amato , Paola Gualtieri , Michela Cirillo , Giada La Placa , Giulia Frank , Rossella Cianci , Laura Di Renzo","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115248","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115248","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food addiction (FA) is a complex clinical condition that refers to addiction to highly palatable foods, represented by compulsive eating behavior and an incapacity to control food consumption, similar to other forms of addiction. This review examines the literature on FA and its impact on eating disorders and obesity. Using databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar, recent studies were analyzed to show how FA may reduce treatment effectiveness, increase symptom severity, promote resistance to nutritional or pharmacological interventions, and elevate the risk of relapse.</div><div>The search strategy used the keywords 'food addiction', 'obesity', 'eating disorders', 'psychotherapy', and 'dietary therapy', limiting the reference period to studies published in the last five years. In reviewing the available articles, several nuances emerged that are fundamental to understanding FA, including neurobiological mechanisms, psychiatric comorbidities, environmental determinants, alterations in the gut microbiota, and the pervasive influence of ultra-processed foods. Taken together, the data indicate that FA not only intensifies symptom manifestation but also contributes to worse outcomes, with reduced compliance to standard treatments and an increased likelihood of relapse. These observations underscore the importance of recognizing FA as a critical component in clinical practice; neglecting its role and symptoms may compromise therapeutic efficacy. Further research is needed to establish integrative treatment models that include FA as a fundamental component of clinical patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 115248"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute aerobic exercise improves inhibitory control in individuals with test anxiety: evidence from event-related potentials 急性有氧运动改善考试焦虑个体的抑制控制：来自事件相关电位的证据。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115250

Lingfeng Wu , Renlai Zhou

{"title":"Acute aerobic exercise improves inhibitory control in individuals with test anxiety: evidence from event-related potentials","authors":"Lingfeng Wu , Renlai Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It remains unclear whether acute aerobic exercise can effectively mitigate the inhibitory control deficits caused by test anxiety. This study investigated the effects of 30 min of moderate-intensity acute aerobic exercise on inhibitory control and related neural activities in individuals with high test anxiety. Forty participants were randomly assigned to an aerobic exercise group or a seated-reading control group, completing pre- and post-intervention assessments spaced one week apart. Statistical analyses using a series of repeated-measures ANOVAs revealed that, compared to the control group, the exercise group showed a significant reduction in self-reported test anxiety. Behaviorally, exercise led to significantly faster reaction times across both congruent and incongruent trials, coupled with a specific reduction in the Flanker conflict effect (RT difference between conditions), indicating enhanced interference control. Electrophysiologically, analysis of event-related potentials demonstrated that acute exercise modulated key cognitive components: N2 amplitude was significantly reduced and P3 amplitude was significantly enhanced in both task conditions following exercise, with no comparable changes in the control group. These findings suggest that acute aerobic exercise can enhance inhibitory control and alleviate test anxiety in university students.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 115250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No effect of menopausal status on energy cost and substrate oxidation during walking in women with similar body composition and movement behaviors 在身体成分和运动行为相似的女性中，绝经状态对行走时的能量消耗和底物氧化没有影响。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115262

Camille Marcantei , Lore Metz , Ines Ramos , Bruno Pereira , Frederic Dutheil , Sarah De Saint Vincent , Martine Duclos , Laurie Isacco

{"title":"No effect of menopausal status on energy cost and substrate oxidation during walking in women with similar body composition and movement behaviors","authors":"Camille Marcantei , Lore Metz , Ines Ramos , Bruno Pereira , Frederic Dutheil , Sarah De Saint Vincent , Martine Duclos , Laurie Isacco","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of the study was to compare the energy metabolism responses at different walking speeds among pre, <em>peri</em> and postmenopausal women, with consideration for individual’s body composition characteristics and movement behaviors. Twenty-one premenopausal women (38.9 ± 5.0 years), twenty-two perimenopausal women (49.5 ± 3.8 years) and twenty-one postmenopausal women (55.4 ± 4.1 years) were included in the data analysis. Body composition (fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM)) was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and movement behaviors by accelerometry. Fasting blood samples were collected to determine pituitary and ovarian hormones concentrations. Energy cost of walking (gross and net C<sub>w</sub>), expressed both in absolute terms and relative to FFM, as well as substrate oxidation rates, was measured by indirect calorimetry during five 5-minute treadmill walking bouts at 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 km.h<sup>-1</sup>, each separated by 3 min of seated rest. Results indicate that there were no significant differences in body composition, movement behaviors, and in C<sub>w</sub> and substrate oxidation rates during walking among the three groups. Negative correlations were found between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and both gross and net C<sub>w</sub> relative to FFM at 5 km·h⁻¹ and 6 km·h⁻¹ (from <em>p</em> = 0.04 to <em>p</em> = 0.007). No correlations were found between estradiol concentration and C<sub>w</sub> or substrate oxidation rates, at any walking speed. Women experiencing the menopausal transition do not exhibit differences in energy metabolism during walking compared with pre and postmenopausal women when they have a similar body composition and movement behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 115262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mice from lines selectively bred for innately high activity levels have altered behavioral and energetic responses to repeated sleep deprivation 来自选择性培育的天生高活动水平系的小鼠对反复睡眠剥夺的行为和能量反应发生了改变。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115247

Chenkun Jiang, William Lampman, Juliana Base, Lucas Pineiro, Kai Chen, Edmundo Salvatier-Alvarez, Aubrey Qian, Zaina Barakat, Anthony Hernandez, Jordan Peters, Theodore Garland Jr

{"title":"Mice from lines selectively bred for innately high activity levels have altered behavioral and energetic responses to repeated sleep deprivation","authors":"Chenkun Jiang, William Lampman, Juliana Base, Lucas Pineiro, Kai Chen, Edmundo Salvatier-Alvarez, Aubrey Qian, Zaina Barakat, Anthony Hernandez, Jordan Peters, Theodore Garland Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sleep deprivation negatively impacts both physical and psychological health in both humans and animal models. Exercise, on the other hand, can have beneficial effects on various aspects of physical and mental health. However, little is known about the ways in which sleep deprivation and exercise may interact, especially for exceptionally high levels of exercise. We studied High Runner (HR) mice from a long-term artificial selection experiment to investigate how genetically high exercise level could impact the response to sleep deprivation. A total of 192 adult mice from four replicate HR and four non-selected Control lines (balanced for sex) completed six days of baseline wheel access, followed by three days with or without 6 h/day of total sleep deprivation (TSD) via gentle handling. As expected, HR mice ran farther and faster compared to Controls during days 1–6. TSD reduced the running distance and duration in mice from Control lines, while HR increased running speed and maintained distance (treatment × linetype interaction). TSD-induced changes in body mass differed between linetypes (treatment × linetype interaction): Controls tended to gain mass, whereas HRs lost mass. During the three days prior to TSD, HR mice consistently exhibited more active and fewer maintenance behaviors than Controls. TSD increased resting and decreased wheel activity in Controls but not HRs (treatment × linetype effects significant for both categories). These results demonstrate that genetically based high voluntary activity levels are associated with altered responses to TSD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 115247"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corticosterone effects on aggression in a passerine species, the common waxbill Estrilda astrild 皮质酮对一种雀形目动物——普通蜡喙的攻击行为的影响。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Physiology & Behavior Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115264

Sandra Trigo , Beatriz C. Saldanha , Pedro Oliveira , Paulo A. Silva , Marta C. Soares

{"title":"Corticosterone effects on aggression in a passerine species, the common waxbill Estrilda astrild","authors":"Sandra Trigo , Beatriz C. Saldanha , Pedro Oliveira , Paulo A. Silva , Marta C. Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2026.115264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucocorticoids mediate behavioral and physiological responses to environmental stressors, supporting individuals’ survival and fitness. Corticosterone, as the primary avian glucocorticoid, modulates these physiological responses. We focus on the common waxbill <em>Estrilda astrild</em>, a highly social and gregarious passerine that feeds and flocks together year-round, providing an excellent model to explore the impact of glucocorticoids on social behavior, especially in aggression. To investigate this, we conducted a correlational study in captive birds, examining baseline corticosterone plasma levels and three behavioral assays: 1) the tonic immobility test, a standard indicator of fear; 2) the mirror test, an assay to assess the reactive-proactive personality axis; and 3) food competition tests, which evaluate social behavior and aggression. Subsequently, we experimentally manipulated the common waxbill corticosterone levels by using exogenous high and low dosages of corticosterone to induce a short-term glucocorticoid challenge and evaluate its effects on behavior. Our results revealed that birds with higher baseline corticosterone plasma levels were less aggressive, but an acute increase in corticosterone levels increased aggression. Furthermore, corticosterone receptor antagonist reduced activity but did not affect feeding. These results suggest that corticosterone can influence aggression and activity in common waxbills, leading to a role in regulating social behavior in both sexes of this gregarious passerine species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"308 ","pages":"Article 115264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146150447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0