PLoS ONE最新文献

{"title":"Smartphone-based accurate pothole depth estimation using monocular RGB and LiDAR-guided deep learning.","authors":"Waqar Rauf Butt, Muhammad Farooq, Sohail Jabbar, Muhammad Munwar Iqbal, Umar Raza, Alaa E S Ahmed","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0344604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0344604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The maintenance of the road infrastructure is vital to ensure public safety and the efficiency of transportation, but the unpredictable and widespread occurrence of potholes often hinders continuous monitoring. Traditional detection approaches typically rely on expensive equipment or manual inspections, rendering them impractical for large-scale, real-time deployment. To overcome these limitations, we present a low-cost and scalable pothole assessment framework that leverages the built-in LiDAR sensors available in modern smartphones in combination with a hybrid deep learning pipeline. The proposed system fuses RGB imagery with LiDAR-guided refinement to achieve precise depth estimation and accurate pothole segmentation, further enhanced through post-processing for improved boundary alignment. A comprehensive dataset of 25,000 RGB-LiDAR image pairs, collected under various road and lighting conditions, was curated to train and evaluate the framework. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves high accuracy in both depth estimation and pothole delineation, significantly outperforming existing methods. This work highlights the potential of lightweight smartphone-based solutions for real-time automated road condition assessment, offering a practical and economical tool for modern infrastructure management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0344604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted analysis of KRAS and CREBBP mutations uncovers a potential population-specific signature in thai patients with liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma.","authors":"Rehab Osman Taha, Wanna Chaijaroenkul, Papichaya Phompradit, Kesara Na-Bangchang","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348942","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348942","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is an aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis. Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) infection is a major risk factor in endemic regions, particularly in Southeast Asia. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying iCCA development and progression remain incompletely understood. This study, as it is, is observational and demonstrates association rather than causation. This study aimed to characterize genetic alterations in key germline variants associated with cancer risk and prognosis, as well as components of the oxidative stress pathway, and to evaluate their associations with clinicopathological features in Thai iCCA patients. A cohort study was conducted involving 112 iCCA patients, 60 OV-infected individuals, and 156 healthy controls. Genetic alterations in TP53, CREBBP, KRAS (codons 12 and 13), CDKN2A, IDH1, and GZMB were analyzed by PCR and sequencing. Gene polymorphic co-occurrence and burden were assessed. Additionally, polymorphisms in the KEAP1-NFE2L2 oxidative stress pathway (KEAP1 rs11085735; NFE2L2 rs6726395, rs6721961, rs4893819) were analyzed in 50 iCCA patients. Associations with clinicopathological parameters, including metastatic status, tumor size, and tumor markers (CEA and CA 19-9), were evaluated using odds ratios (OR) and statistical analyses. CREBBP polymorphisms were significantly more frequent in iCCA patients (50.0%) than in OV-infected individuals (30.0%) and healthy controls (30.8%) (P = 0.003), with homozygous mutations conferring the highest cancer risk (OR = 6.43, 95% CI: 1.70-24.31). KRAS codon 13 polymorphisms were detected exclusively in iCCA patients (21.4%) and were absent in OV-infected individuals. In contrast, TP53 polymorphisms were highly prevalent across all groups, with no significant differences, suggesting these variants may represent background genetic variation rather than tumor-specific drivers. Co-polymorphism analysis revealed that TP53 and CREBBP alterations were the dominant genetic events, with most tumors harboring one or two mutations (mean gene polymorphism burden: 1.46 ± 0.86). Further statistical modeling revealed significant clinicopathological associations. Binary logistic regression identified tumor size (P = 0.029) and TP53 mutation status (P = 0.037) as significant predictors of metastasis. Notably, TP53 wild-type status demonstrated a protective effect against metastasis (OR = 0.083, 95% CI: 0.007-0.950, P = 0.045), and multivariable analysis confirmed TP53 as an independent predictor of metastasis (P = 0.037) after adjusting for sex, age, and sex-by-age interaction. Furthermore, ordinal regression identified metastasis as the primary predictor of advancing tumor stage (P &lt; 0.001), with tumor size showing a trending association (P = 0.068). Evaluation of CDKN2A was limited by quasi-complete separation (adjusted OR = 0.000, P = 1.000) due to sample size constraints. Analysis of the KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathway revealed ","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348942"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outage performance of UAV-NOMA networks over rician faded channel with hardware impairments, channel estimation error, and SIC imperfection.","authors":"Sk Thaherbasha, S D Nageena Parveen, Sivasubramanyam Medasani, Suman Turpati, Tathababu Addepalli, Manish Sharma, Sameena Pathan","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348501","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The escalating demand for enhanced coverage and high data rates in wireless networks is driving the adoption of advanced technologies like unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Integrating UAVs with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has emerged as a promising solution to boost spectral efficiency and user connectivity. However, the practical performance of these UAV-assisted NOMA systems is critically constrained by real-world imperfections, including hardware impairments, inaccurate channel state information (CSI), and non-ideal successive interference cancellation (SIC). To address this, a reliable system design necessitates a precise outage probability analysis, which quantifies the impact of these impairments on both reliability and user experience. This work derives closed-form expressions for the outage probability of a multi-user UAV-assisted NOMA system operating over Rician fading channels, explicitly incorporating the effects of the aforementioned impairments. Analytical results are obtained for a two-user UAV-assisted NOMA system by considering the detrimental effect of hardware impairments along with imperfect CSI and SIC on system performance. These analytical results are further validated by simulated results.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348501"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation on bodily ownership and postural control: An experimental examination with counterbalanced randomization of stimulus conditions.","authors":"Kerem Ersin, Berna Özge Mutlu","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348060","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vestibular stimulation influences both bodily ownership and postural control. Although previous studies in the literature have examined the effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) on body ownership and balance separately, their combined and time-dependent effects remain insufficiently explored. This study investigated how GVS modulates multisensory integration over time by assessing bodily ownership and postural control within the same participants. A within-participant design was used with four conditions: Baseline (pre-GVS), Sham (60-min post-GVS placebo), 30-min post-GVS, and 60-min post-GVS. Forty-eight healthy adults completed all conditions. Balance performance was assessed via the Single-Leg Stance (SLS) and Fukuda Stepping Test (FST), while bodily ownership was measured using the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) questionnaire. Balance performance on the SLS showed a significant reduction at 30 minutes post-GVS, with values returning toward baseline by 60 minutes. In contrast, angular deviation on the FST decreased significantly at both 30 and 60 minutes post-GVS. RHI ownership scores increased at both post-stimulation time points, with the most pronounced increase observed at 60 minutes. The sham condition also elicited increases in RHI scores, indicating possible expectancy-related effects. Overall, these findings indicate time-dependent and task-specific effects of GVS on bodily ownership and postural control. The results are consistent with adaptive sensory reweighting processes that differentially affect static and dynamic balance measures. Further research in clinical populations and using longer stimulation protocols is required to determine the extent to which these short-term effects translate into sustained functional benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploratory dosimetric and treatment-time analysis of tangent-arc and continuous semi-arc VMAT in deep inspiration breath-hold radiotherapy for stage I left-sided breast cancer.","authors":"Yucheng Li, Yinan Chen, Chaoqing Xu, Wenming Zhan, Kainan Shao, Yongshi Jia, Haibo Zhang, Lingyun Qiu, Jieni Ding, Weijun Chen","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0348570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of the deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) technique reduces cardiac and lung radiation exposure during left breast cancer radiotherapy. However, the optimal beam delivery technique and the effects of patient adaptation during DIBH remain incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, the dosimetric differences between continuous semi-arc and tangent-arc plans in stage I left-sided breast cancer patients using DIBH were compared, and the treatment session duration was descriptively analyzed to characterize treatment-time trends during routine DIBH delivery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty patients treated at our hospital from 01/05/2022-31/05/2023 were retrospectively selected from the institutional database for exploratory dosimetric analysis. Two radiotherapy plans were created on the basis of each patient's computed tomography (CT) images. Dosimetric parameters for the planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk (OARs), and beam-on and total treatment times, were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The conformity index (CI) for the PTV was significantly better with the continuous semi-arc plan (P < 0.05), whereas the other PTV parameters did not significantly differ between the plans (P > 0.05). The doses and beam-on time for all OARs (except the left ventricle) were significantly lower for the tangent-arc plan (P < 0.05). Treatment time tended to stabilize across fractions, with a significant difference between the 15th and 16th sessions (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With the tangent-arc plan, the beam-on time and radiation exposure to OARs were observed to be lower, while adequate PTV coverage was maintained in patients with stage I left-sided breast cancer using DIBH. Treatment times tended to stabilize with increasing treatment fractions. This observation suggests gradual patient adaptation during routine DIBH rather than a predefined training effect. Given the exploratory nature of these findings and the limited sample size from a single institution, these findings should be interpreted with caution and warrant further investigation in larger, multicenter studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348570"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of boron and nitrogen doping on the electronic properties of graphene-based heterostructures with two-dimensional semiconducting materials.","authors":"Zhiang Liu, Ping Huang, Yi Luo, Pinbo Huang","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0348086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations, heterostructures composed of graphene and two-dimensional semiconducting materials exhibit significant potential for applications in nanoelectronics devices. In this study, we propose an innovative approach to modulate the electronic properties of such heterostructures. We conduct a comprehensive investigation into the structural properties, band structures, and band alignments of ten widely studied two-dimensional semiconducting materials, unveiling opportunities for forming Schottky contacts with graphene. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the work function of graphene can be extensively tuned via boron or nitrogen doping. Our findings reveal that B- or N-doping in graphene substantially modifies the electronic properties of graphene/two-dimensional semiconducting materials heterostructures, enabling transitions between p-type and n-type Schottky contacts and even facilitating a shift from Schottky to Ohmic contacts in some cases. This tunability is critical for the precise design of graphene/two-dimensional semiconducting materials heterostructures with optimized Schottky barrier heights, paving the way for advanced nanoelectronics and catalyst applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare professionals' awareness of the levels of disciplinary collaboration in older adults' care during clinical practice in Nigeria: A multi-method study.","authors":"Chukwunonso Geoffrey Okafor, Augustine Chukwuebuka Okoh, Adaobi Odega, Stanley Maduagwu, Michael Kalu","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348887","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Collaborative care has been recognized as a fundamental aspect of geriatric/gerontological care, as it can enhance health and social outcomes among older adults. However, very little is known about Nigerian healthcare professionals' (HCPs) awareness of disciplinary collaborations in older adults' care. This study investigated the HCPs' awareness (level of awareness, definitions, and perceived practice) of the disciplinary collaborations in older adults' care during clinical practice at a tertiary hospital in the South-Eastern region of Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a multi-method study involving 245 HCPs who responded to authors' developed questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The level of awareness of disciplinary collaboration varies: intradisciplinary (65.7%), multidisciplinary (72.1%), cross-disciplinary (57.1%), interdisciplinary (76.3%), and transdisciplinary (40.8%) collaborations. Having a Bachelor's degree (OR = 1.055, 95% CI [-0.154, 5.662], p = 0.038) and a transdisciplinary education (OR = 1.023, 95% CI [0.904, 6.646], p = 0.010) predicted better awareness of the inter-/trans]disciplinary collaborations. There was a significant change in the participants' level of awareness of the type of disciplinary practice in their hospital before and after seeing the description of the collaborative practice constructs [X2 (2)=29.747, p < 0.001]. Barriers to higher collaborative practices in geriatric/gerontological care were inequitable remuneration (X2(2) = 4.332, p = 0.037), lack of integrated electronic medical records (X2(2) = 12.562, p = 0.002), and a limited number of specialists (X2(2) = 54.093, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Achieving consensus on the definition of intra-, cross-, multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinary practice is essential for a clear understanding of the constructs, facilitating its proper implementation in geriatric care and the development of effective solutions to systemic barriers. A transdisciplinary educational curriculum could support the uptake of transdisciplinary collaborative geriatric practice models in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348887"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid Bacterial Colony Optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization for load balancing in fog computing.","authors":"Aryan Kumar, Punit Gupta, Rohit Verma","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0347176","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0347176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fog computing minimizes latency and bandwidth consumption by processing data near the source, but it has the challenge of workload balancing across the dynamic and resource limited fog nodes. Uneven task assignment can result in bottlenecks, idle resources, and lowered Quality of Service (QoS) standards. In this work, we introduce a hybrid metaheuristic load balancing algorithm for fog computing by combining the Bacterial Colony Optimization (BCO) and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) techniques to enhance load balancing. BCO has good solution space exploration capabilities, whereas PSO has the advantage of quick convergence; the hybrid takes advantage from both to achieve reduced makespan with better VM usage. The proposed algorithm has been developed in the Python language, with original BCO and hybrid modules, along with a standard PSO executable. The program has been tested on a synthetic offline task-VM dataset generated by CloudSim 6.0 with size ranges from 100 to 10,000 tasks and poison distribution of variety of tasks arriving, with identical experiment settings. The results indicate the hybrid BCO-PSO to exhibit significant makespan reduction with increased VM utilization compared to the individual BCO, PSO, as well as the Adaptive Inertia Weight Particle Swarm Optimization (AIW-PSO) algorithms for most test scenarios, with faster convergence for high workload scenarios. In the high-load cases, the hybrid reduced makespan by 32.76% compared to AIW-PSO for 5000 tasks and by 35.79% compared to AIW-PSO for 10000 tasks. These experimental results indicate that the proposed hybrid algorithm can be an effective, adaptive solution for task allocation in fog-inspired computational scheduling scenarios. This evaluation focuses on computation-side task scheduling using a synthetic task-VM model and keeping network-level factors such as latency or bandwidth idle.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0347176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal body mass index and the risk of early-onset Group B Streptococcus disease in newborns: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Elisabeth Emanuel Graae, Niels Uldbjerg, Flemming Skjøth, Marie Aunskjær Bech, Pernille Nathalie Nielsen, Susani Rothmann Karkov, Caroline Margaret Moos, Mohammed Rohi Khalil","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0329423","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0329423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early-onset group B Streptococcus disease (EOGBS) remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The incidence can be substantially reduced by intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis in women with defined risk factors. However, the role of high prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) as a risk factor remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis therefore aimed to evaluate the association between maternal BMI and the risk of EOGBS, as well as related proxy outcomes, including intrapartum vaginal GBS colonization and rectovaginal or urinary GBS colonization before term.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL on the 28th of January 2026, for studies examining the relationship between pregestational BMI and EOGBS or its proxy outcomes. Eligible studies included observational and interventional designs but not case reports and conference abstracts. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUIPS tool. Random-effects meta-regression and sensitivity analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 19 eligible observational studies reporting data from a total of 3,707,047 women, encompassing 277,887 cases. For the risk of EOGBS and its proxy outcomes, assuming a log-linear association, our meta-regression showed a 2.4% increase in the odds ratio (OR) per unit increase in BMI. This corresponds to an OR of 1.4 (95% CI 1.1-1.6) for a BMI of 35 and 1.7 (95% CI 1.3-2.3) for a BMI of 45, compared to a normal BMI of 22.3. One very large study on 1,971,346 live singleton births with 780 EOGBS cases, found a hazard ratio of 2.4 (95% CI 1.7-3.4) for a BMI of 35.0-39.9 compared to normal BMI (18.5-24.9).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the overall association appears modest, incorporating BMI may improve prevention strategies for EOGBS .</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0329423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astragaloside IV attenuates high-glucose-Induced peritoneal fibrosis via modulation of the ENKUR/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.","authors":"Tianxin Jiang, Lijie Zhang, Jiahan Liu, Xinxin Xu, Yuanyuan Shi, Zhanzheng Zhao, Jing Xiao","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348762","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to explore the mechanisms by which Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a major bioactive component of Astragalus membranaceus, mitigates high-glucose-induced peritoneal fibrosis (PF) in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Using both in vivo (uremic rat model) and in vitro (human peritoneal mesothelial cells) approaches, we observed that AS-IV treatment was associated with a significant attenuation of PF. This effect was mediated through the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis. In vivo, AS-IV reduced extracellular matrix deposition and collagen accumulation, downregulated EMT and fibrosis markers (α-SMA, collagen IV), and restored E-cadherin levels. Notably, these changes correlated with the downregulation of ENKUR, pPI3K, and pAkt. The in vitro results corroborated these findings, showing that AS-IV suppressed EMT without cytotoxic effects. Our data indicate that AS-IV may exert antifibrotic effects via modulation of the ENKUR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, suggesting a potential target for the prevention of PF.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348762"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}