PLoS ONE最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Assessment of disability of leprosy in Bangladesh: A hospital-based study.","authors":"Hafez Mohammad Nazmul Ahsan, Shaheera Rahman, Labida Islam, Monjur Rahman, Farhana Zaman, Rowshan Ara, Hossain Mohammed Omar Khayum, Saidur Rahman Mashreky","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0361054","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0361054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0357047.].</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 10","pages":"e0361054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluctuations of micronutrients during pregnancy in Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China: A prospective longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Lianshuai Zheng, Xiaolun Xu, Xueyuan Rong, Jian Luo, Guoqing Chen, Cheng Zhao","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0360813","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0360813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy is accompanied by substantial physiological adaptations that may alter maternal micronutrient concentrations. A prospective longitudinal pregnancy-neonatal cohort of 51 healthy pregnant women was established at 6-8 weeks of gestation in Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China, confirmed by fetal heart and bud on B-ultrasound. Pregnancy complications, outcomes, and neonatal health at day 42 were confirmed. Forty-three women who completed all assessments and had uncomplicated pregnancies with favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes were included in the final analysis. Whole-blood trace elements and serum vitamins were quantified during the first trimester (12.3 ± 0.9 weeks), second trimester (25.6 ± 1.2 weeks), and third trimester (32.7 ± 2.3 weeks) using ICP-MS and UHPLC-MS/MS. The results showed that copper, calcium, and vitamin D peaked in the second trimester, whereas iron, zinc, magnesium, and lead reached their nadir in the second trimester. Meanwhile, manganese and vitamins E and K increased progressively throughout gestation. In contrast, several B vitamins showed an overall downward trend, while vitamin B12 remained relatively stable. These findings demonstrate clear trimester-specific changes in maternal micronutrient levels during healthy pregnancy. Given the relatively small sample size, these longitudinal data provide preliminary evidence to inform the establishment of region-specific and trimester-specific reference intervals and deficiency thresholds for micronutrients in healthy pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 10","pages":"e0360813"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reported prevalence of tuberculosis and selected associated vulnerability factors among rural populations in six districts of India: A community-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"P K Anand, Manjula Singh, Purbita Banerjee, Seema Sahay, Sampada Bangar, Braj Raj Ghosh, Manjeet Singh Chalga, Anurag Pappu, Vnr Das, Sarika Gupta, Amber Kumar, Dhruvendra Pandey","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0360758","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0360758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis is a major public health challenge in India, contributing to one-fourth of global burden of TB disease. Comorbidities in uninfected individuals make them vulnerable to TB disease. This study estimates the self-reported prevalence of tuberculosis and selected vulnerability factors (HIV, current smoking, silicosis, occupational silica-dust exposure, diabetes mellitus and persistent cough >2 weeks) among the rural demography of six districts in India, with the aim of informing targeted active case finding under the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study conducted was a community-based cross-sectional survey carried out across six districts of India. Two blocks from each district was selected randomly followed by randomly selected villages under each block. A universal sampling technique was followed for including all the households of the randomly selected villages. The data were collected through a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire schedule via face-to-face interviews at all the eligible households of the study sites. Descriptive analysis was performed, and the results were obtained in the form of frequencies and percentages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ultimate data consisted of 82,636 individuals, with males at 52% and females at 47%. 77% of the study population were 15 years of age or older. This study analyzes a large dataset. The TB prevalence was around 150 per lakh of the population, while the prevalence of HIV-reactive individuals, current smokers, silicosis, occupational exposure to silica dust, diabetes mellitus and cough of greater than two weeks is found in 0.9%, 5%, 1.2%, 1.1%, 1.4% and 4% respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>The study highlights TB status and selected TB-vulnerable groups. The study has a large sample size, and it follows multipronged approach to study selected vulnerable population groups. This data may improve targeted active case finding among the high-risk groups as outlined by NTEP and provide better TB control strategy outcome at high TB burden settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 10","pages":"e0360758"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The procrastination trap: How temperament undermines students' career readiness in Poland.","authors":"Klaudia Martynowska, Piotr Mamcarz, Ewa Domagała-Zyśk, Alessandro Lo Presti, Andrew Rothwell","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0358981","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0358981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines links between temperament, procrastination tendencies, and self-perceived employability among Polish university students, addressing a notable gap in research on behavioral postponement effects in European higher education contexts. Cross-sectional survey data were collected from 522 first-year undergraduates enrolled in 16 fields of study at a mid-sized Polish university. Temperament was assessed with the Formal Characteristics of Behaviour - Temperament Inventory, Revised (FCB-TI(R)); procrastination with the Polish version of Lay's General Procrastination Scale, scored as a single general index; and self-perceived employability with the Polish Self-Perceived Employability Scale (internal and external subscales). Grade point average (GPA) was obtained from university records. Bootstrapped regression-based models estimated the indirect association between each of the seven temperament dimensions and internal employability through procrastination. Procrastination was associated with lower briskness, rhythmicity, sensory sensitivity, endurance and activity, and with higher emotional reactivity and perseveration. For all seven dimensions the indirect association with internal employability through procrastination was significant, with completely standardised indirect effects between  .02 and  .05; for endurance and rhythmicity the association was indirect only. Procrastination was also associated with lower GPA (r = -.17) and with lower external employability (r = -.18), whereas GPA was unrelated to any employability index. Because the design is cross-sectional and all predictors were measured concurrently, these findings describe patterns of association that are consistent with, but do not establish, a mediating process. The results identify temperamentally patterned procrastination as a modifiable correlate of students' career confidence, and caution against treating academic grades as a proxy for employability readiness.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 10","pages":"e0358981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674774/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive-feedforward energy management for a hybrid agricultural machine operating in mountainous orchards.","authors":"Zuojin Li, Hao Huang, Linlu Dong, Xianfeng Zhang, Rui Zhou, Bo Li, Bao Yu","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0360955","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0360955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hybrid agricultural machines in mountainous orchards operate under low-speed, high-load conditions with coupled gradient and time-varying rolling-resistance disturbances. Their power demand is therefore nonstationary and may change abruptly. Rule-based and instantaneous strategies provide limited preview, whereas model predictive control (MPC) can transmit prediction errors directly to actuator commands and imposes substantial online computation. To address these limitations, a forward model was developed for a power-split hybrid agricultural machine comprising an engine, two electric machines, a traction battery, and a planetary gear set. A predictive-feedforward, multi-objective energy-management strategy was proposed. Short-horizon speed and gradient predictions are normalized, weighted, and saturated to form a bounded load-risk indicator. Rather than entering low-level torque calculation directly, this indicator modifies the dynamic state-of-charge (SOC) safety boundary, power-source mode, and transmission-ratio switching threshold, thereby softly decoupling prediction and execution. Engine high-efficiency operation, two transmission ratios, and actuator constraints are then coordinated for computationally efficient online power allocation. With offline dynamic programming (DP) as a common benchmark, the strategy achieved 93.29-95.59% of the DP performance over cycles C1-C3, exceeding MPC by 1.41-3.19 percentage points and adaptive equivalent-consumption minimization by 3.62-4.99 percentage points. Mean execution time was 0.128-0.191 ms per step, 93.54% lower than that of MPC, while terminal SOC remained near 0.600. No SOC, battery-current, or power-source torque constraint was violated under prediction noise or abrupt equivalent rolling-resistance disturbances. The conclusions apply to maintained, firm orchard lanes with low track slip; soft-soil operation involving high traction, severe sinkage, or substantial slip requires further validation. Bounded load-risk feedforward thus retained short-horizon preview while limiting direct error propagation, providing a practical real-time approach for hybrid agricultural machines with resource-constrained embedded controllers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 10","pages":"e0360955"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective analysis of genetic diversity, clinical manifestations and risk factors, during outbreak of lumpy skin disease virus.","authors":"Mudassar Mohiuddin, Hira Hameed, Muhammad Waqar Aziz, Tayyaba Asghar, Yehia Hazzazi, Mohsen A Khormi, Layla A Almutairi, Essam H Ibrahim, Mudasser Habib, Muhammad Taslim Ghori, Muhammad Salahuddin Shah","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0358559","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0358559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lumpy skin is a highly host-specific, contagious, transboundary, notifiable disease affecting cattle (Bos taurus and Bos indicus) and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), and also reported in some wild ruminants. The spread and reporting of Lumpy skin disease (LSD) in the past five years in disease-free countries, mainly in Pakistan, has highlighted the threat of its emergence and re-emergence in neighboring areas. Notably significant outbreaks of this disease have been reported in the neighboring countries of Pakistan during the last decades and are thought to be the reason for the first reported outbreak of LSD in Pakistan in the year 2021-22. This study targeted seven locations and collected samples and clinical data of LSD-suspected animals, focusing on clinical presentation, farm-level risk factors, and molecular characterization via PCR and subsequent phylogenetic relatedness of sequenced isolates. Out of the collected samples (n = 285), 117 cases were found positive for LSDV. The most frequent clinical signs included fever (83.7%), skin nodules (94.8%), emaciation (88.0%), and snoring (83.7%), all of which were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05). Significant farm-level risk factors associated with LSDV positive cases included the use of shared water sources (64.9%), treatment by quack practitioners (79.4%), improper handling of manure (22.2%), and lack of disinfection (15.3%), with significant p-values ≤0.05. Molecular confirmation of LSDV was performed by PCR amplification of a 554-bp fragment of the RPO30 gene, a commonly used molecular marker for LSDV detection and characterization. The sequenced isolates showed close genetic similarity to strains reported from India, Bangladesh, and China, indicating a regional genetic relatedness among circulating LSDV strains. The study highlights that enhanced biosecurity, farmer education, vaccination, and veterinary guidance can prevent disease spread, improve livestock health, and reduce economic losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 10","pages":"e0358559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-perceived competencies of Master of Public Health graduates and recommendations for programs in South Africa.","authors":"Virginia Zweigenthal, Nicola Christofides, Thembelihle Dlungwane, Sogo France Matlala, Mathildah Mpata Mokgatle, Abraham Opare, Sean Mark Patrick, Nikki Schaay, Maylene Shung-King, Takalani Tshitangano, Laetitia Rispel","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0360789","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0360789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Master of Public Health (MPH) degree is a key qualification for public health practice in low- and middle-income countries. Graduates entering practice should possess a range of competencies to address complex health issues in managerial, technical or research positions. As competencies of graduates exiting South African MPH programs are unknown, a consortium of academics from South African universities conducted an on-line survey of alumni exiting between 2012-2016, to determine their self-reported public health competencies and their recommendations for improving academic programs. Competencies were explored in 11 domains, through three lenses - their reported usefulness at work; perceptions whether they were obtained through MPH programs; and graduates' confidence in their application. Over 80% of this cohort of 221 graduates, mostly in their mid-30's, largely from South Africa and sub-Saharan Africa, needed the competencies in all 11 domains at work, which were felt to be largely obtained from the MPH, and most were confident using them. However, one fifth were not confident in crisis management and 13% were not confident in health promotion. On average 30% reported they did not obtain either crisis management or leadership skills from the MPH. Respondents recommended changes to course content and organization included more experiential learning, mentorship and faculty advocacy for graduate employment. In the absence of country-wide governance for public health education, the study is a first step towards developing core-competencies for South African programs. Findings can be factored into MPH program reviews with attention given to enhancing leadership, crisis management and monitoring and evaluation training into existing courses. Additionally, more experiential learning could fill identified gaps in problem-solving and project management skills. Producing a 'fit for purpose' public health workforce requires alignment of education objectives with health workforce systems in country contexts to ensure a seamless transition between learning and working.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 10","pages":"e0360789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the fracture characteristics controlled by filling ratio in cut-and-fill mining.","authors":"Qingju Qin, Zhiqiang Wang, Changxiang Wang, Jiahao Wang, Baoliang Zhang","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0354444","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0354444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To mitigate surface subsidence and stope instability induced by an insufficient filling ratio in cut‑and‑fill mining, this study investigates overlying strata fracture characteristics and instability mechanisms by means of similar material simulation, PFC numerical modeling, and theoretical analysis. Filling ratio acts as the dominant factor for overburden and stope stability: full (100%) filling suppresses roof displacement and key-stratum breakage to realize reliable gangue-pillar bearing and overburden control, whereas 50% insufficient filling triggers key-stratum fracture and domino-style chain failure starting from central goaf gangue pillars, further producing severe overburden destruction and large-magnitude surface subsidence. PFC simulations prove cut-and-fill mining forms a composite three-arch structure, whose evolution under gangue compaction controls overburden damage and surface subsidence. Analysis confirms the criticality of middle gangue pillar stability, so Cut-and-fill mining design should strengthen middle and end gangue pillars. This study clarifies filling ratio control mechanisms, providing technical support for filling parameter optimization and safe, efficient Cut-and-fill mining.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 10","pages":"e0354444"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-stratified prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia in Nepal: Insights from the STEPS survey 2019.","authors":"Durga Datta Chapagain, Kennedy Mensah Osei, Iga Danik Prasiska, Vasuki Rajaguru, Sunjoo Kang, Heejin Kimm, Tae Hyun Kim, Sang Gyu Lee, Whiejong Han","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0340932","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0340932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major global public health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Nepal. Despite the growing burden of hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia, limited evidence exists on age-stratified patterns of NCDs and associated risk factors, especially among younger populations. This study investigated age-stratified prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia and risk factors in Nepal to inform age-specific preventions and policy interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed nationally representative data from the 2019 STEPS Survey, including 3,219 participants aged 15-69 years. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests describe participant characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression assessed associations between risk factors and NCDs, while univariate logistic regression, Wilcoxon scores, and pairwise multiple comparisons examined age-group differences in prevalence of NCDs and risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean participant age was 35.3 ± 12.8 years, with 56% female. Among adults aged ≥60 years, 50% used tobacco and 31.5% consumed alcohol. Alcohol consumption was also notably prevalent among individuals aged 15-29 years, affecting 30.7% of this age group. Physical inactivity was identified in 18.9% of the overall study population. The highest rates of overweight (30.2%) and stress (80.1%) were among adults aged 30-44, with obesity (9.0%) peaking at 45-59 years. Men (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.62-2.55) and those aged 60 years or older (OR 4.92, 95% CI 3.35-7.22) had higher odds of hypertension. Diabetes (OR 6.34, 95% CI 3.58-11.23) and hypercholesterolemia (OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.77-3.98) were most prevalent in the 45-59 age group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of NCDs and risk factors increases with age, yet substantial burdens exist among younger adults. Age-specific targeted policies should promote healthy behaviors and routine screening in youth, emphasize metabolic risk management and early detection in middle age, and ensure sustained treatment access and continuity of care for older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 10","pages":"e0340932"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-enhanced electrocardiography for predicting mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events: A systematic review and narrative synthesis.","authors":"Elhaitham Yasir Awad Musa, Amar Yasir Awad Musa","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0360756","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0360756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. While clinical scores provide modest predictive accuracy, the electrocardiogram (ECG) is rarely leveraged for prognosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning now enable extraction of high-dimensional features from ECG waveforms for predicting cardiovascular outcomes. Our objective was to systematically evaluate the prognostic performance of AI-enabled ECG models for predicting all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). We searched PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar through November 2025 for studies using AI/ML models with 12-lead or single-lead ECGs to predict all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, or MACE in adults (≥18 years old). Eligible studies included adults (≥18 years) using ECG as primary input. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data. Narrative synthesis was conducted due to heterogeneity. Thirteen studies were included (~5.9 million patients). Eleven reported all-cause mortality (8 short-term: 30-day to 1-year), four reported cardiovascular mortality, and eight assessed MACE (4 composite MACE, 4 individual components). Models predominantly used convolutional neural networks [CNNs] on raw ECG waveforms. C-statistics ranged 0.70-0.89 for mortality prediction. Definitions and follow-up durations varied, limiting direct comparison. AI-ECG models demonstrate strong potential for predicting mortality and cardiovascular events with consistent performance and scalability. However, prospective validation and standardization are essential before clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 10","pages":"e0360756"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149207816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}