PLoS ONE最新文献

{"title":"A multi-time scale rolling optimization framework for low-carbon operation of CCHP microgrids with demand response integration.","authors":"Jue Wang, Zhiwei Cheng, Dejun Lu, Mingxiang Zhu, Dengfeng Zhang","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0327523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microgrid systems incorporating carbon trading mechanisms and demand response (DR) demonstrate significant potential for facilitating low-carbon societies and advancing sustainable energy development. The optimal operation of microgrid systems faces challenges due to: (1) response rate disparities among cooling, heating, and power equipment, (2) load prediction inaccuracies, and (3) complex interdependencies in multi-energy device coupling. To address these challenges, we propose a two-layer rolling optimization framework with multi-time scale scheduling for CCHP microgrid systems. First, wind and photovoltaic power generation are predicted using a CNN-ATT-BiLSTM model, with comparative analysis against standalone CNN, BiLSTM and CNN-LSTM models. Second, we establish a multi-time scale optimization model for CCHP-MG systems, with operating cost minimization as the objective function. Finally, we evaluate four operational scenarios incorporating DR and carbon trading mechanisms, with comparative cost analysis. Case study results demonstrate that the proposed model simultaneously satisfies cooling/heating/power demand while mitigating stochastic supply-demand fluctuations through multi-temporal resolution coordination.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 7","pages":"e0327523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing biodiversity knowledge shortfalls in New World Helicopsychidae (Insecta, Trichoptera): Potential distribution, environmental gradients, and identification of conservation and research priority areas.","authors":"Rafael Pereira, Adolfo Calor","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0327580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study provides an integrative analysis of Helicopsychidae biodiversity in the New World (NW), examining their distribution patterns, environmental gradients, biodiversity hotspots, and biodiversity knowledge shortfalls. We estimated species richness, delineated potential distribution, and identified areas of priority for research/conservation efforts. Our estimates indicate that up to 75% of NW Helicopsychidae species remain undescribed, with a notable Linnean shortfall at the subgenus level: approximately 50% of H. (Cochliopsyche) species and up to 77% of H. (Feropsyche) species are yet to be described. Knowledge of semaphoronts is also limited, with immature stages documented for only 15% of H. (Feropsyche) species and 6% of H. (Cochliopsyche). Distributional records are concentrated in the Brazilian subregion (between 0°-24°S), and most species have a short environmental distribution gradient. Based on currently known, priority conservation areas are in the Antilles and the Tropical Forest. For H. (Feropsyche), priority areas include low-altitude and coastal regions with low-order streams, whereas H. (Cochliopsyche) conservation priorities lie in the large river basins, especially in the Amazon and Atlantic Forests. Future research efforts should focus on H. (Feropsyche) in the Chaco and high-altitude areas of the Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, and Caatinga domains, as well as on H. (Cochliopsyche) across South America's high order river (e.g., Amazon, Orinoco, Paraná, and São Francisco Rivers). Here, highlights recent advances in the taxonomy and distribution cataloguing of NW Helicopsychidae, despite significant progress, marjory of species remain undescribed, emphasizing the need for continued research. Although well-sampled regions like the Antilles, south Central America, Amazon coastal areas, and Central Atlantic Forest Ecological Corridor should be prioritized for conservation, vast areas such as the Amazon lowlands, northeast and southwest Atlantic Forest, and transition areas of Atlantic Forest and Dry Diagonal remain underexplored. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents one of first empirical analysis of environmental gradients for Trichoptera species. It establishes a foundation for understanding biogeographic patterns, environmental gradients, and the identification of biodiversity hotspots and potential distribution areas for Helicopsychidae in the New World. This work will guide future research and conservation efforts for Helicopsychidae and other Trichoptera groups in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 7","pages":"e0327580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geomagnetic disturbances and grid vulnerability: Correlating storm intensity with power system failures.","authors":"Mauro González Figueroa, Daniel David Herrera Acevedo, David Sierra Porta","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0327716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Geomagnetic storms represent a critical yet sometimes overlooked factor affecting the reliability of modern power systems. This study examines the relationship between geomagnetic storm activity-characterized by the Dst index and categorized into weak, moderate, strong, severe, and extreme intensities-and reported power outages of unknown or unusual origin in the United States from 2006 to 2023. Outage data come from the DOE OE-417 Annual Summaries, while heliospheric and solar wind parameters (including proton density, plasma speed, and the interplanetary magnetic field) were obtained from NASA's OMNIWeb database. Results indicate that years with a higher total count of geomagnetic storms, especially those featuring multiple strong or severe events, exhibit elevated incidences of unexplained power interruptions. Correlation analyses further reveal that increasingly negative Dst values, enhanced solar wind velocity, and higher alpha/proton ratios align with greater numbers of outages attributed to unknown causes, underscoring the pivotal role of solar wind-magnetosphere coupling. A simple regression model confirms that storm intensity and average magnetic field strength are statistically significant predictors of unexplained outages, more so than broad indicators such as sunspot number alone. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring high-intensity geomagnetic storms and associated heliospheric variables to mitigate potential risks. Greater attention to space weather impacts and improved reporting of outage causes could bolster grid resilience, helping operators anticipate and manage disruptions linked to geomagnetic disturbances.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 7","pages":"e0327716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol for a randomized crossover study of thigh cuff inflation in experimental hemorrhage: Assessing its potential as a model for zone 3 REBOA.","authors":"Sara Stadskleiv Torbjørnsen, Sole Lindvåg Lie, Marius Rehn, Jonny Hisdal, Lars Øivind Høiseth","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0327404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is a method to provide temporary control of noncompressible torso hemorrhage in trauma patients. Previous research on REBOA has mainly focused on animals and patients. This study aims to explore whether thigh cuff inflation combined with simulated hemorrhage can serve as an experimental human model for zone 3 REBOA. Lower body negative pressure is a model of hypovolemia. A zone 3 REBOA occludes aorta at its bifurcation, essentially excluding the pelvis and lower extremities from the circulation. Bilateral proximal thigh cuffs will occlude blood vessels to and from the lower extremities. Twenty healthy volunteers will be exposed to bilateral proximal thigh cuff inflation to suprasystolic pressures to simulate the hemodynamic effects of REBOA during experimental hemorrhage using lower body negative pressure (LBNP). Each participant will complete two experimental conditions in a randomized order within one study visit. In the one condition, subjects will undergo only 60 mmHg LBNP for six minutes. In the alternate condition, 60 mmHg LBNP will be applied for six minutes, adding thigh cuff inflation during the final three minutes. Continuous, non-invasive monitoring of systemic hemodynamic parameters-including arterial blood pressure, stroke volume, and heart rate-will be conducted. Cerebral hemodynamics will be assessed by measuring middle cerebral artery blood velocity and cerebral oxygenation. Pain related to thigh cuff inflation will be assessed using a verbal numerical rating scale. The impact of thigh cuff inflation on systemic and cerebral hemodynamics will be evaluated using mixed-effects regression modeling. This study aims to examine the systemic and cerebral hemodynamic effects of combined thigh cuff inflation and lower body negative pressure in healthy volunteers. Based on the feasibility and findings, the potential of this combination as a model for zone 3 REBOA in simulated hemorrhage will be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 7","pages":"e0327404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing biomarker trajectories for mortality risk in peritoneal dialysis: A focus on multivariate joint modeling.","authors":"Merve Basol Goksuluk, Dincer Goksuluk, Murat Hayri Sipahioglu","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates mortality risk prediction in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients through longitudinal biomarker analysis, comparing traditional and advanced statistical approaches. A retrospective cohort of 417 PD patients followed up between 1995 and 2016 at Erciyes University was analyzed, with serum albumin, creatinine, calcium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and phosphorus assessed as predictors of all-cause mortality. Statistical methods included Cox proportional hazards models, time-dependent covariates, and joint modeling (univariate and multivariate) for longitudinal-survival data integration. Joint models outperformed baseline, averaged, and time-dependent methods, with multivariate joint modeling yielding the highest predictive accuracy by incorporating inter-biomarker relationships. Serum albumin emerged as the most consistent mortality predictor, while creatinine and phosphorus showed significance in specific contexts. Other biomarkers, such as calcium and BUN, were less predictive. Dynamic prediction capabilities of joint models demonstrated enhanced alignment with patient outcomes, underscoring their utility in personalized medicine. This study highlights the importance of integrating temporal changes and biomarker interdependencies into survival analysis to improve risk stratification and clinical decision-making in PD patients. Future research should explore the broader applicability of these methods across diverse chronic disease populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 7","pages":"e0320385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro and in vivo characterization of wild type BMP9 and a non-osteogenic variant in models of pulmonary arterial hypertension.","authors":"Tobias G Schips, Karl W Kavalkovich, Lai-Ming Yung, Salam Ibrahim, Makhosi Edmondson, Zhigang Hong, Chin-Hu Huang, Simon Hinke, Xinkang Wang, Andrea R Nawrocki, Annmarie Winkis, Jinquan Luo, Iman Farasat, Brian Geist, Yang Wang, Russell Bialecki, Jey R Jeyaseelan, David R Bauman","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0329089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0329089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endothelial dysfunction and the resulting vascular remodeling are hallmarks of pulmonary hypertension, a debilitating disease of high arterial pressure in the lungs and the right side of the heart. Mutations in the BMPR2 signaling pathway are associated with the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Previous pre-clinical studies demonstrated that exogenous administration of recombinant human wild type BMP9 (WT BMP9) enhances BMPR2/ALK1 mediated signaling and reverses experimental pulmonary hypertension in rat models. However, BMP9 induces osteogenic activity in progenitor cells through activation of ActR2A and ActR2B receptor complexes potentially leading to unwanted bone formation in non-osteogenic tissues. The cellular activity of human WT BMP9 and amino acid substitution variants was characterized in vitro in terms of BMPR2 and ActR2 signaling. We identified a mutant variant of human BMP9 that maintains its activity in endothelial cells, specifically preserving BMPR2 signaling while eliminating osteogenic signaling associated with ActR2A/B activation in mesenchymal precursor cells. Rat models of pulmonary hypertension served as in vivo models to characterize efficacy and safety of BMP9 supplementation therapy. While WT BMP9 effectively activates BMPR2 signaling across species in rat, cynomolgus monkey and human systems, our human BMP9 mutant variant is inactive on rat BMPR2/ALK1 receptor complexes. Therefore, WT BMP9 was used to examine disease reversal in the preclinical monocrotaline model rat of pulmonary hypertension. WT BMP9 failed to improve right ventricular systolic pressure or right ventricular hypertrophy, despite clear target engagement shown by upregulation of SMAD7. Telemetry studies of WT BMP9 in the Sugen 5416 and hypoxia rat model of pulmonary hypertension indicated no significant change in pulmonary pressure but led to increased systemic blood pressure and decreased heart rate. Additionally, escalating doses in naive rats caused severe dose-limiting effects and morbidity at 500 µg/kg/day or higher. Given these findings including the absence of therapeutic efficacy in a relevant PAH animal model and dose limiting toxicity in rats, a therapeutic window for BMP9 treatment could not be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 7","pages":"e0329089"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal multi-objective energy management of decentralized demand response incorporating uncertainties.","authors":"Alireza Norouzpour Shahrbejari, Mohammad Hadi Eskandari Sani, Mehdi Zareian Jahromi, Elnaz Yaghoubi, Elaheh Yaghoubi, Mohammad Reza Maghami","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0328838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0328838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a decentralized demand response (DR) framework that, incorporating optimal multi-objective energy management strategies, addresses uncertainties in power networks. The power industry faces challenges in operational optimization due to uncertainties in generation and consumption while evaluating environmental impacts and long-term economic implications. This research introduces an innovative approach by combining advanced DR techniques with a robust energy management strategy designed for uncertain conditions, enhanced by sensitivity analysis to key system parameters. The article considers a network with distributed generating resources, including wind turbines, microturbines, photovoltaics, energy storage systems (ESS), and diesel generators, where generation is controlled hourly based on load fluctuations. Energy consumption optimization requires not only distributed energy generation but also DR to variations in demand, ensuring system reliability under diverse scenarios. Consumers play a crucial role in optimizing energy usage through incentive-based participation. To achieve the research goal of reducing generation and purchasing costs in power grids through optimal energy management and DR to fluctuations, a stochastic approach is employed to obtain the best outcomes. This paper proposes a novel method for optimizing energy consumption in power networks by integrating stochastic techniques to manage uncertainties and variable conditions. The findings show improved network efficiency and cost reduction, achieving a 15.62% decrease in voltage deviation, 37.08% reduction in load demand, 62.05% decrease in active losses, 81.25% reduction in reactive losses, and 33-45% reduction in Expected Energy Not Supplied (EENS).</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 7","pages":"e0328838"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-driven skin cancer detection from smartphone images: A hybrid model using ViT, adaptive thresholding, black-hat transformation, and XGBoost.","authors":"Adil El Mertahi, Hind Ezzine, Samira Douzi, Khadija Douzi","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0328402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0328402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin cancer is a significant global public health issue, with millions of new cases identified each year. Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, especially deep learning, possess considerable potential to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of screening. This study proposes an approach that employs smartphone images, which are preprocessed using adaptive learning and Black-Hat transformation. ViT is utilized for feature extraction, and a stacking model is constructed employing these features in conjunction with image-related variables, like patient age and sex, for final classification. The model's efficacy in identifying cancer-associated skin diseases was evaluated across six categories of skin lesions: actinic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, melanoma, nevus, squamous cell carcinoma, and seborrheic keratosis. The suggested model attained an overall accuracy of 97.61%, with a PVV of 96.88%, a recall of 97.63%, and an F1 score of 97.19%, so illustrating its efficacy in detecting malignant skin lesions. This method could greatly aid dermatologists by enhancing diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, reducing delays in identifying the most suspicious lesions, and ultimately reaching more patients in need of timely screenings and patient care, thus saving lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 7","pages":"e0328402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of digital professional development and professional learning communities in the relationship between school digital preparedness and digital instructional integration.","authors":"Stephen Kwashie Amemasor, Stephen Opoku Oppong, Benjamin Ghansah, Ben-Bright Benuwa, Mathias Agbeko","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0328883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0328883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Integration of digital tools and resources in STEM instruction has garnered significant attention due to its high potential. Digital professional development and professional learning communities are identified as a pivotal factor for equipping teachers with the necessary digital skills to effectively orchestrate digital resources. Notably, their role is considered critical. However, the intricate relationships among school digital preparedness, professional learning community, digital professional development, and digital instructional integration among STEM teachers remain underexplored. Utilising partial least-squares-structural equation models (PLS-SEM), the present study examined links in school digital preparedness, professional learning community, digital professional development, and digital instructional integration among STEM teachers (N = 188). Findings from the PLS-SEM analysis indicate that digital professional development and professional learning community exhibit a direct positive relationship with school digital preparedness and digital instructional integration. Relatedly, digital professional development is positively correlated with digital instructional integration. In terms of indirect effect, findings show that professional learning community and digital professional development play a significant positive mediating role in linking digital professional development and digital instructional integration. This study reports new evidence on the influence of school digital preparedness on digital instructional integration through digital professional development among 188 STEM teachers and concludes that, when STEM teachers regularly immerse themselves in digital professional development program, they are more likely to benefit from their digital professional development by integrating digital technologies in classroom instruction. Policymakers and educational leaders should consider promoting digital professional development among STEM teachers, along with efforts to encourage digital instructional integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 7","pages":"e0328883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The MOGBA randomized controlled trial: Evaluation of a complex movement skill intervention for 8-12 year old children in primary school Physical Education.","authors":"Tom van Rossum, Andrew Miller, James Rudd, Johann Issartel, Jacquline D Goodway, Donna O'Connor, Jonathan Foulkes, Jennifer Kavanagh, David Morley","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0327136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0327136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A global decline in levels of movement competence and physical activity in children presents the urgent need to look at how to reverse this trend. The Movement Oriented Games Based Assessment (MOGBA) is an intervention designed to improve children's complex movement skills, based on principles of motor development and assessment theories. There is a positive relationship between children's movement competence and physical activity (PA), with a further relationship established between PA and childhood obesity. This study aimed to assess how using MOGBA in PE lessons might impact primary children's movement competence, PA, muscular fitness and self-perceptions of game and physical competence. A cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted involving 229 children (51% girls) from nine different schools located in the north of England. The average age of participants was 9.1 years (SD = 0.21). Participants were randomized at the school level into either the MOGBA intervention group (n = 128 students) or a wait-list control group (n = 101). The MOGBA intervention was delivered over nine weeks during PE lessons by trained deliverers. The main components of the intervention included the implementation of 14 games-based activities, which were designed to support assessment within PE lessons and enhance children's movement competence. The game-based cards also provided guidance on how to tailor activities to meet the children's individual needs by manipulating space, effort and relationships. Pre-Post test design was employed, with participants being assessed at baseline and within 7 days post intervention. The assessment included measures of movement competence (Dragon Challenge), in-class PA (accelerometer), muscular fitness (standing long jump and plank), and perceived game and self competence (Game Play Perception Profile and Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children). Findings show that MOGBA had a positive effect on the primary outcome of movement competence (ES: 0.18; 95%CI: -0.02, 0.38; p = 0.071) and a significant positive outcome (ES: 0.30; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.56; p = 0.025) on the way that students perceived their ability in game play. An impact was not observed on in-class PA and muscular fitness. These findings are significant as we know that increased movement competence and game self-perceptions mean children are more likely to engage with future movement, sport and physical activity opportunities. This could positively influence lifelong PA levels and promote better health. Further work should involve teachers and coaches using MOGBA to support children's movement competence in the hopes of supporting their involvement in sport and PA. The trial is registered at the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12619001320145p, 27 Sep 2019).</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 7","pages":"e0327136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}