PLoS ONE最新文献

{"title":"Purple potato extract modulates fat metabolizing genes expression, prevents oxidative stress, hepatic steatosis, and attenuates high-fat diet-induced obesity in male rats.","authors":"Ishrat Jahan, Asif Ul Haque Shuvo, Mirza Alimullah, A S M Nafiur Rahman, Shahnaz Siddiqua, Shatil Rafia, Ferdous Khan, Khondoker Shahin Ahmed, Hemayet Hossain, Kazi Akramuddaula, Md Ashraful Alam, Nusrat Subhan","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0318162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this investigation, the significance of purple potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) extract treatment was assessed against oxidative stress and fat metabolizing transcription factors in the liver of high-fat (HF) diet-fed rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Wistar (male) rats were arranged into several groups and provided with a control and HF diet along with the purple potato extract. Body weights, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin, plasma lipids, and oxidative stress-related indicators were analyzed in plasma and tissue samples. Additionally, real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the gene expression for oxidative stress and fat metabolism in the liver. Histological staining was also performed on pancreatic and hepatic tissues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Purple potato extract lowered body weights and improved glucose utilization in the OGTT test in HF diet-fed rats. Purple potato extract also suppressed HF-diet-induced oxidative stress in plasma and hepatic tissues. Purple potato extract also restored the Nrf-2 expression in the liver, followed by the improved expression of HO-1, HO-2, and other antioxidant genes in HF diet-fed rats. In addition, genes involved in lipid metabolism were also positively modulated due to purple potato extract treatment. Furthermore, histological examination revealed the reduction of lipid accumulation and amelioration of inflammation due to the consumption of purple potato extract.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This investigation revealed that antioxidant-rich purple potato extract can modulate the antioxidant and fat metabolizing genes expression, ameliorated oxidative stress and glucose intolerance as well as lowered blood lipids in male rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 4","pages":"e0318162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing construct reliability through open-ended survey response analysis.","authors":"Katherine E Koralesky, Marina A G von Keyserlingk, Daniel M Weary","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Online surveys often include quantitative attention checks, but inattentive participants might also be identified using their qualitative responses. We used the software Turnitin™ to assess the originality of open-ended responses in four mixed-method surveys that included validated multi-item rating scales (i.e., constructs). Across surveys, 18-35% of participants (n =  3,771) were identified as having copied responses from online sources. We assessed indicator reliability and internal consistency reliability and found that both were lower for participants identified as using copied text versus those who wrote more original responses. Those who provided more original responses also provided more consistent responses to the validated scales, suggesting that these participants were more attentive. We conclude that this process can be used to screen open-ended responses from online surveys. We encourage future research to replicate this screening process using similar tools, investigate strategies to reduce copying behaviour, and explore the motivation of participants to search for information online, including what sources they find compelling.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 4","pages":"e0320570"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection index for economically important traits in Boer crossbred goats using principal component analysis.","authors":"Zeleke Tesema, Belay Deribe, Mekonnen Tilahun, Alemu Kefale, Mesfin Lakew, Tesfaye Getachew, Getachew Worku Alebachew, Solomon Gizaw","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0310841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0310841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The optimal strategy for genetic selection is a selection index based on economic weight; however, in developing countries where economic weight estimation is not always evident and easy for breeders due to a lack of economic data. Thus, this study aimed to construct selection indices for crossbred goats, which could be used as an alternative to economic selection index and to explore the relationship among economically important traits. The data set contained records of birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), pre-weaning weight gain (ADG), pre-weaning Kleiber ratio (KR), pre-weaning relative growth rate (RGR), pre-weaning growth efficiency (GE), and pre-weaning survival (RR) of crossbred goats. Genetic parameter estimates were obtained using a single-trait animal model. General linear model, principal component analysis, and cluster procedures of SAS were also used for data analysis. Kid survival was negatively correlated with all investigated traits except BW. Traits such as KR, GE, RGR, WW, and ADG were highly and positively correlated. According to the Kaiser method, two principal components were selected from seven investigated traits. The first principal component (PC1) explained 57.71%, and the second principal component (PC2) explained 14.57% of the estimated breeding value variance, totaling 72.28% of the total genetic additive variance. PC1 explained most of the direct additive genetic variation and correlated with the estimated breeding value of WW, ADG, KR, GE, and RGR, whereas PC2 was correlated with the estimated breeding value of BW and RR. Besides, the cluster analysis categorized seven traits into two major groups. The first group includes BW and RR, whereas traits such as WW, ADG, KR, GE, and RGR were included in the second group. Therefore, two based selection indices, or principal component scores (PCS) were derived. Animals with higher PCS1 could be used to improve WW, ADG, KR, GE, and RGR, whereas animals with higher PCS2 scores could be used to improve BW and pre-weaning survival of crossbred kids. The selection of the most appropriate and specific selection index regarding the two groups of traits is determined by the breeding objectives defined for specific genetic improvement program. These selection indices could be used as an alternative approach when economic weights for traits of interests are not available to construct the economic selection index. However, further works should be done on refining the selection indices and validating them in independent datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 4","pages":"e0310841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of HIV prevention indicators among adolescent girls and young women in DREAMS and non-DREAMS intervention districts in Uganda.","authors":"Norah Namuwenge, Derrick Kimuli, Rebecca N Nsubuga, Timothy Sserunga, Sheila Nyakwezi, Jaffer Byawaka, Garoma Kena, Solome Sevume, Norbert Mubiru, Barbara Amuron, Daraus Bukenya","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In sub-Saharan Africa, a significant number of new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections occur among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). The 2023 Uganda Annual Spectrum estimates indicated that about one-third of all new HIV infections are among AGYW. In 2016, the Ministry of Health in partnership with the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) initiated the Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-Free, Mentored and Safe (DREAMS) program to reduce the vulnerability of AGYW to HIV by offering various direct and indirect HIV-related prevention services. These services influence the level of various HIV prevention indicators in the age group. This study aimed to compare these levels. The study was a secondary analysis of pooled Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) survey data collected in DREAMS and non-DREAMS districts during 2021 and 2022. Fifteen HIV prevention indicators were independently compared between 8 DREAMS and 8 non-DREAMS districts. Chi-square tests were used to assess the significance in the differences. Of the 9,290 records of AGYW reviewed, 52.40% were of AGYW residing in DREAMS districts. Between DREAMS and non-DREAMS districts, significant differences in level of knowledge of HIV prevention methods (25.60% versus 14.63%, p < 0.001), condom use (58.99% versus 48.33%, p < 0.001), knowledge of HIV testing points (93.43% versus 92.38%, p = 0.049), having multiple sex partners (15.28% versus 10.11%, p < 0.001), condom use (58.99% versus 48.33%, p < 0.001), HIV testing (84.86% versus 82.00%, p < 0.001) and multiple sex partners (15.28% versus 10.11%, p < 0.001) among other indictors. AGYW in DREAMS districts had better outcomes for all indicators except multiple sex partners. Although this factor likely contributed to the initial selection of DREAMS-intervention districts, its persistence may continue to influence overall efforts towards the reduction of HIV prevalence. Moreover, this potentially mitigates the benefits from other better performing indicators.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 4","pages":"e0321277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the survival of patients with head and neck cancer in relation to Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs).","authors":"Romina Mastronicola, Elise Kayser, Pauline Le Roux, Agathe Barrat, Alexandre Aubertin, Aurore Casse, Léa Nominé, Hélèna Villard, Sophie Cortese, Emilie Beulque, Jean-Louis Merlin, Gilles Dolivet","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Distant metastasis in head and neck cancer are one of the first factors contributing to death. Currently, it is difficult to detect them early with our conventional techniques such as Positron Emission Tomography scanner (PET-scanner) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Therefore, it is important to find new markers that can help us in the care of the patient. This study aimed at comparing two methods (Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction and CellSearch) to detect circulating tumor cells (CTC) as a prognosticator. Results were statistically significant for markers EphB4 (p-value =  0.0003), CEA (p-value =  0.0006), CK 18 (p-value =  0.0011) and Ep-CAM (p-value =  0.0299) and demonstrate that our detection techniques could be used by optimizing our protocol. In addition, results of the rate of CTCs helped identify this as an indicator of a prognosis for the patient. Indeed, the study revealed that most patients in remission exhibited a decrease in post-operative CTCs, whereas patients experiencing relapses demonstrated an increase in CTCs, which was correlated with a poor prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 4","pages":"e0320485"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Endurance-trained subjects and sedentary controls increase ventricular contractility and efficiency during exercise: Feasibility of hemodynamics assessed by non-invasive pressure-volume loops.","authors":"Björn Östenson, Ellen Ostenfeld, Jonathan Edlund, Einar Heiberg, Håkan Arheden, Katarina Steding-Ehrenborg","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285592.].</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 4","pages":"e0321568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferences and willingness for starting daily, on-demand, and long-acting injectable HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among transfeminine persons in the US, 2022-2023.","authors":"Duygu Islek, Travis Sanchez, Stefan Baral, Carolyn Brown, Joanna A Caldwell, Jennifer L Glick, Danielle Friedman Nestadt, Jeb Jones, Iaah L Lucas, Supriya Sarkar, Annemiek de Ruiter, Patrick S Sullivan, Mariah Valentine-Graves, Savannah Winter, Vani Vannappagari","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There remains limited information concerning US transfeminine persons preferences across varying PrEP options. We examined PrEP option willingness, preferences, and associated factors among a US nationwide sample of transfeminine persons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sexually active transfeminine persons age 15 + were recruited online between June 2022-October 2023 through social media advertisements. Transfeminine persons not diagnosed with HIV were asked about willingness to initiate, and ranked preference, of three PrEP options- daily oral (DO), on-demand, and long-acting injectable (LA-PrEP). Log-binomial models were used to examine PrEP modality willingness and associated sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2657 transfeminine persons not currently using PrEP, 51% reported willingness to start at least one PrEP option. The highest willingness was reported for on-demand PrEP (42.6%), followed by DO (38.1%) and LA PrEP (27.1%). LA PrEP was ranked the most preferred PrEP option among transfeminine persons who reported willingness to start multiple PrEP options (43%, 277/651). Willingness to start on-demand PrEP was higher among participants who were 15-24 years, resided in the South, did not have health insurance, had more than one sex partners and reported prior awareness of on-demand PrEP. Willingness to use DO and LA PrEP was higher among those who had both private and public insurance, reported condomless anal sex, had more than one sex partners and had used non-injection illicit drugs. Additional factors for DO and LA PrEP willingness was residing in the South and prior awareness of LA PrEP, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among transfeminine persons, the highest willingness was reported for on-demand PrEP; and LA PrEP was ranked the most preferred option among those who reported willingness to try multiple options. Offering a variety of PrEP options, informed by an understanding of individual preferences and socio-demographic and behavioral differences, can increase overall PrEP uptake and help meet diverse needs of the transfeminine community.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 4","pages":"e0320961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Sound garden: How snakes respond to airborne and groundborne sounds.","authors":"Christina N Zdenek, Timothy Staples, Chris Hay, Lachlan A Bourke, Damian Candusso","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281285.].</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 4","pages":"e0321508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining isokinetic knee peak torque and time to peak torque as predictors of vertical jump height in division I men's basketball players.","authors":"Caroline Westwood, Arakua Welbeck, Carolyn Killelea, Peter Howard, Mallory Faherty, Daniel Le, Ryan Zerega, Charles R Reiter, Timothy C Sell","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0303701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The vertical jump (VJ) is one of the most important movements for basketball athletes and therefore determining modifiable predictors of the VJ would aid substantially in crafting more effective training regimens. The purpose of this study was to determine if isokinetic quadriceps strength and torque predict VJ height and which characteristics and testing speed is the strongest predictor of VJ height. Fifteen subjects (age: 18.5 ± 1.0 years, height: 195.9 ± 6.9 cm, weight: 96.2 ± 13.7 kg) from a single Division I men's basketball team were recruited for this study. All participants performed a standing vertical jump with arm-swing to assess their maximum VJ height. Participants also completed an isokinetic knee extension strength protocol that included testing at multiple speeds. Pearson and Spearman tests found no significant correlation between jump height and peak torque at any of the speeds. Regression analysis showed a statistically significant relationship between time to peak torque at 300°/s and VJ height (R2 =  0.23, p =  0.04). These findings suggest that in a population of elite basketball players, the knee's ability to rapidly generate torque likely plays a greater role in VJ performance than its ability to generate high magnitude of torque. This presents a potential benefit of explosive training regimens such as plyometrics for maximization of jump performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 4","pages":"e0303701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clade IIb Mpox virus (MPXV) vertical transmission and fetal demise in a pregnant rhesus macaque model.","authors":"Nicholas P Krabbe, Ann M Mitzey, Saswati Bhattacharya, Elaina R Razo, Xiankun Zeng, Nell Bekiares, Amy Moy, Amy Kamholz, Julie A Karl, Gregory Daggett, Grace VanSleet, Terry Morgan, Saverio V Capuano, Heather A Simmons, Puja Basu, Andrea M Weiler, David H O'Connor, Thomas C Friedrich, Thaddeus G Golos, Emma L Mohr","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infection with clade I Mpox virus (MPXV) results in adverse pregnancy outcomes, yet the potential for vertical transmission resulting in fetal harm with clade IIb MPXV, the clade that is currently circulating in the Western Hemisphere, remains unknown. We sought to establish a pregnant rhesus macaque model of clade IIb MPXV infection with early gestation inoculation to understand if infection results in vertical transmission and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Three pregnant rhesus macaques were inoculated intradermally with 1.5 x 105 plaque forming units (PFU) of clade IIb MPXV near gestational day (GD) 30 and animals were monitored for viremia and maternal and fetal well-being. Animals were euthanized to collect tissues at 5, 14, or 25 days post-inoculation (dpi). Tissues were evaluated for viral DNA (vDNA) loads, infectious virus titers, histopathology, MPXV mRNA and protein localization, as well as MPXV protein co-localization with placental cells including, Hofbauer cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, endothelial cells, and trophoblasts. vDNA was detected in maternal blood and skin lesions by 5 dpi. Lack of fetal heartbeat was observed at 14 or 25 dpi for two dams indicating fetal demise; the third dam developed significant vaginal bleeding at 5 dpi and was deemed an impending miscarriage. vDNA was detected in placental and fetal tissue in both fetal demise cases. MPXV localized to placental villi by ISH and IHC. Clade IIb MPXV infection in pregnant rhesus macaques results in vertical transmission to the fetus and adverse pregnancy outcomes, like clade I MPXV. This suggests that clade IIb MPXV infection in human pregnancy poses a danger to maternal and fetal health as well. Further studies are needed to determine whether antiviral therapy with tecovirimat will prevent vertical transmission and improve pregnancy outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 4","pages":"e0320671"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}