PLoS ONE最新文献

{"title":"Mental health policy implementation in low- and middle-income countries: a realist review protocol.","authors":"Rangarirai Matima, Claire van der Westhuizen, Crick Lund, Ferdinand C Mukumbang","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Formulating and implementing mental health policy is foundational to public mental health. The implementation of mental health policy varies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with some countries having better implementation outcomes than others. Low implementation poses challenges relating to addressing the high burden and wide treatment gaps of mental health conditions. While different implementation strategies are applied to implement mental health policy in different contexts, there is little knowledge of what category of strategies are being used and how and why their implementation produces varied outcomes. To this end, we propose to conduct a realist synthesis to explain how, why, for whom, and under what health system conditions certain policy implementation strategies work or not in LMICs.</p><p><strong>Methods and analysis: </strong>This paper will detail the protocol on conducting a realist review of the literature on mental health policy implementation in LMICs. Realist reviews/syntheses are theory-driven reviews designed to formulate and test (confirm, refute, or refine) initial programme theories to explain how, why, for whom and under what contexts a programme, intervention or policy works as intended or not. Theory is built by exploring and abstracting context-mechanism-outcome (CMO) configurations in the data. These CMO configurations are identified through retroductive theorizing, a mechanism-centred approach to theory development. We will adopt these steps to guide the process of realist synthesis: i) identify the research question, clarifying the scope of the review and formulating the initial programme theory (ii) conducting background searches in PubMed, PsycINFO, Africa-Wide Information, African. Index Medicus (AIM), CINAHL and Scopus databases, and grey literature (iii) appraising the quality of studies and data extraction and (iv) synthesising data.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The review is part of a realist evaluation exploring mental health policy implementation in LMICs and is registered under PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42024580312). Findings will inform the development of initial mental health policy implementation programme theories explaining why and how mental health policy implementation in LMICs works.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 3","pages":"e0320420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Engineered red Opto-mGluR6 Opsins, a red-shifted optogenetic excitation tool, an in vitro study.","authors":"Hoda Shamsnajafabadi, Zahra-Soheila Soheili, Mehdi Sadeghi, Shahram Samiee, Pouria Ghasemi, Mohammad Ismail Zibaii, Hamid Gholami Pourbadie, Hamid Ahmadieh, Ehsan Ranaei Pirmardan, Najmeh Salehi, Dorsa Samiee, Ali Kashanian","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311102.].</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 3","pages":"e0321044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Solution of time-fractional gas dynamics equation using Elzaki decomposition method with Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative.","authors":"Maasoomah Sadaf, Zahida Perveen, Ghazala Akram, Ume Habiba, Muhammad Abbas, Homan Emadifar","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300436.].</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 3","pages":"e0321042"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic differences between pre-existing atrial fibrillation in chronic kidney disease and new-onset atrial fibrillation at hemodialysis initiation: a retrospective single-center cohort study.","authors":"Tomohisa Tsuyuki, Mineaki Kitamura, Haruka Fukuda, Takuma Ishii, Kenta Torigoe, Hiroshi Yamashita, Takahiro Takazono, Noriho Sakamoto, Hiroshi Mukae, Tomoya Nishino","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) can develop in patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the impact of new-onset AF in patients who are initiated on hemodialysis remains unclear. We categorized 254 patients who were started on hemodialysis into three groups: those with pre-existing AF, those with new-onset AF, and those without AF. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the associations between patient characteristics and survival outcomes. AF was observed in 42 patients (16.5%), of whom 19 (7.5%) had pre-existing AF and 23 (9.1%) developed new-onset AF at the initiation of hemodialysis. Multivariate logistic regression models showed that only low serum albumin levels were associated with AF (P = 0.04). Age- and other factors-adjusted multivariable Cox regression models indicated that AF, particularly pre-existing AF, was an independent risk factor for death after dialysis initiation (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39-3.74, P = 0.001; HR: 3.05, 95% CI: 1.64-5.66, P = 0.004, respectively). However, new-onset AF was not significantly associated with mortality (HR: 1.43, 95% CI: 0.74-2.78, P = 0.28). These findings suggest that pre-existing AF before hemodialysis initiation has a crucial impact on patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 3","pages":"e0320336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial lysis or survival after infection with phage Sf14 depends on combined nutrient and temperature conditions.","authors":"Nykki D Ross, Alexis L Chin, Archana Pannuri, Sarah M Doore","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0319836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0319836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacteriophage Sf14 is a Moogle-like myovirus that infects Shigella flexneri. S. flexneri is a human pathogen that replicates intracellularly in the intestine, but it persists in a low metabolic state in environmental fresh water sources. Though closely related to FelixO1, Moogleviruses were more recently discovered within the last 10 years; thus, mechanistic knowledge of their infection cycles is still being gathered. This work investigated the combined effects of temperature and nutrient concentration on both host growth and phage replication. In combination, a total of 16 different conditions were analyzed. Results indicate that nutrient-rich media facilitate shorter infection cycles and support phage production at all temperatures. As nutrient content decreased, temperature significantly affected both host cell replication and phage production. Results indicate phage genomes are entering the cells and genes are actively expressed; however, there is a significant delay in expression, which could allow bacterial populations to outpace phage growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 3","pages":"e0319836"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary history of the DNA repair protein, Ku, in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.","authors":"Sadikshya Rijal, Ashmita Mainali, Sandesh Acharya, Hitesh Kumar Bhattarai","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0308593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ku is essential in non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) across prokaryotes and eukaryotes, primarily in double-stranded breaks (DSBs) repair. It often presents as a multi-domain protein in eukaryotes, unlike their prokaryotic single-domain homologs. We systematically searched for Ku proteins across different domains of life. To elucidate the evolutionary history of the Ku protein, we constructed a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree using Ku protein sequences from 100 representative eukaryotic, prokaryotic, and viral species. The resulting tree revealed a common node for eukaryotic Ku proteins, while viral and prokaryotic species clustered into a distinct clade. Our phylogenetic analysis reveals that the common ancestry of Ku70 and Ku80 likely resulted from a gene duplication event in the ancestral eukaryote. This inference is supported by BLASTp results, which indicate a close resemblance between archaeal Ku and eukaryotic Ku, particularly Ku70. The presence of both Ku protein paralogs in the Discoba group further supports the hypothesis that the gene duplication occurred early in eukaryotic evolution. It is plausible that archaea, which may have acted as intermediaries for Ku transfer, subsequently lost the Ku protein. Nonetheless, the extensive horizontal transfer of Ku among prokaryotes and its relatively higher prevalence in bacteria complicates our understanding of how Ku protein was inherited by early-branching eukaryotes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 3","pages":"e0308593"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CAPPS: Congestion-aware payment and punishment scheme to stimulate selfish nodes in IoT-based VDTNs.","authors":"Ghani Ur Rehman, Ali Daud, Omar Ibrahim Aboulola, Bader Alshemaimri, Raed Alsini, Sajid Ullah Khan","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0317107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0317107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Internet of Things (IoT) is facilitating the connection, identification, sensing, and analysis capabilities of digital devices; enabling them to perform tasks over the internet. Among various IoT applications, Vehicle Delay-Tolerant Networks (VDTNs) stand out, particularly in densely populated cities and rural areas with poor connectivity, where frequent network partitioning, unpredictable connections, and significant delays are common due to node selfishness. Where VDTNs offer promising solutions for such environments, they face challenges like congestion and selfish behavior due to big data traffic and limited resources. Existing systems aiming to mitigate selfishness often exacerbate congestion issues, necessitating a solution to address both concerns effectively. This article proposes the Congestion Aware Payment and Punishment Scheme (CAPPS) to address this issue. It incentivizes cooperation among vehicles and discourages selfish behavior by monitoring nodes. It achieves this by punishing nodes that intentionally discard messages and rewarding those successfully forwarding them. Additionally, CAPPS employs a load-sharing scheme to efficiently manage congestion, routing messages to less congested nodes instead of dropping them. The simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed approach over existing schemes, demonstrating enhanced performance. It improved the packet delivery ratio by around 24%, delivery delay by about 15%, and energy consumption by roughly 13%.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 3","pages":"e0317107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought-induced microbial dynamics in cowpea rhizosphere: Exploring bacterial diversity and bioinoculant prospects.","authors":"Boshra Ahmed Halo, Yaqeen A S Aljabri, Mahmoud W Yaish","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0320197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhizospheric bacterial communities in plants contribute to drought resilience by promoting plant-soil interactions, yet their biodiversity and ecological impacts are not fully characterized. In cowpeas, these interactions may be crucial in enhancing tolerance to drought conditions. In this study, cowpea plants were subjected to drought treatment, the soil attached to the roots was collected, environmental DNA (e-DNA) was extracted, and the bacterial communities were identified as amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) by metagenomics analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. Microbial communities under drought and control conditions were analyzed using taxonomy and diversity metrics. The sequencing results revealed 5,571 ASVs, and taxonomic analysis identified 1,752 bacterial species. Alpha and beta diversity analyses showed less conserved microbial community structures and compositions among the samples isolated from the rhizosphere under drought conditions compared to untreated samples, implying the enhancement effect of drought on species' biodiversity and richness. The differential accumulation analysis of the bacterial community identified 75 species that accumulated significantly (P ≤  0.05) in response to drought, including 13 species exclusively present, seven absent, and 46 forming a high-abundance cluster within the hierarchical heatmap. These species were also grouped into specific clades in the phylogenetic tree, suggesting common genetic ancestry and potentially shared traits associated with drought tolerance. The differentially accumulated bacterial list included previously characterized species from drought and saline habitats. These findings suggest that drought stress significantly alters the composition and abundance of epiphytic bacterial communities, potentially impacting the rhizosphere's ecological balance and interactions with cowpeas. The results highlight microbial adaptations that enhance plant resilience through improved stress mitigation, providing meaningful understandings for advancing sustainable agriculture and developing microbial-based strategies to boost crop productivity in drought-prone regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 3","pages":"e0320197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of soil health to seasonal change under different land cover types in a sub-tropical preserve ecosystem.","authors":"Noel Manirakiza, Suraj Melkani, Abul Rabbany, Natalia Medina-Irizarry, Samuel Smidt, Anna Braswell, Willm Martens-Habbena, Jehangir H Bhadha","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0318092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0318092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In subtropical preserve ecosystems, natural factors combined with anthropogenic activities have led to significant seasonal changes, including distinct dry and rainy seasons. These changes can potentially impact soil health indicators, which are keystone properties that control ecosystem services across terrestrial landscapes. Few studies have evaluated the impact of seasonal changes on soil health within non-agronomic landscapes, such as preserves. As part of this study, we collected topsoil samples (0-15 cm) from twenty-three land cover types within a 109 km² preserve in central Florida during two different seasons (dry and wet) to advance the understanding of how soil health responds to seasonal changes and to explore the environmental factors controlling soil health within non-agronomic landscapes. Ten soil indicators were analyzed and incorporated into the total dataset (TDS). From the TDS, a minimum dataset was derived using Principal Component Analysis, which was then used to calculate the Soil Health Index (SHI) for soil health assessment. Our findings showed that changes in soil indicators, their relationships, and the SHI across seasons depend on land cover type. Based on soil health classification grades, soil health status either improved, declined, or remained constant between seasons, depending on land cover type. The regression analysis of eight selected environmental factors, such as soil profile moisture (SPM), surface soil wetness (SSW), precipitation (P), soil temperature (T), elevation (El), slope gradient (S), global horizontal irradiance (GHI) and surface albedo (ALB), showed that only slope gradient significantly explains variations in SHI during wet season, whereas other environmental factors do not show significant explanatory power for SHI variations in either dry or wet season. These findings highlight the dominant influence of slope gradient on soil health within non-agronomic landscapes, while indicating that other evaluated environmental factors may have limited relevance in this context. Furthermore, the non-significant findings among soil indicators across seasons may be attributed to the study's small sample size (i.e., three replications), a limitation stemming from constrained funding. This highlights the importance of future research incorporating larger sample size to validate the findings of this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 3","pages":"e0318092"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stepped care, stepped care \"lite\" & matching intervention components to individual mental health needs: A rapid scoping review of mental health and substance use interventions for post-secondary students.","authors":"Sarah Brennenstuhl, Celeste Agard, Rachel Ho, Kristin Cleverley","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0319473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0319473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Stepped Care Models (SCM) and other approaches for organizing the delivery of services and resources by individual mental health (MH) needs are being increasingly implemented in post-secondary institutions. However, no consensus definitions exist of what constitutes a SCM for post-secondary students (PSS), and there is little guidance for evaluation of these complex, multicomponent interventions. The purpose of this research is to identify and characterize MH and substance use interventions for PSS that apply a SCM, stepped approach (i.e., stepped care \"lite\"), and/or organize delivery of resources/services based on individual MH needs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A rapid scoping review of peer-reviewed research articles was conducted using OVID MEDLINE®, OVID Embase, EBSCO CINAHL, OVID PsycINFO®, and ERIC. Eligible studies included multicomponent interventions for improving MH or substance use among PSS applying a SCM, stepped approach or another way of organizing resources/services offered according to individual MH needs. Results: 5757 abstracts were reviewed, resulting in full text examination of 172 studies. Data were extracted from 68 eligible studies comprising 50 interventions (SCMs: n = 7, stepped care \"lite\": n = 13; organized delivery matched to MH needs: n = 30). Almost all involved a website/app and symptom tracking was often included within the intervention. Most addressed either alcohol use, depression, anxiety and eating disorders. A variety of evaluation models were applied, but approaches were not generally geared to look at individual-level outcomes in a manner that captured the overall effect of the SCM or outcomes related to the specific \"dose\" of the intervention received. Most outcomes focused on MH symptoms, satisfaction, and utilization; student-related outcomes such as academic success were rarely used. Student co-design was not often described.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/implications: </strong>Despite increasing implementation of SCMs in post-secondary settings, few studies on the model have been published. Drawing on strengths and shortcomings of studies identified, recommendations for future work in this area are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 3","pages":"e0319473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143711085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}