PLoS ONE最新文献

{"title":"Digital transformation and corporate ESG performance: Research based on a capability-motivation dual framework.","authors":"Cuicui Huang","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0325295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0325295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study systematically examines the impact mechanism and heterogeneous characteristics of digital transformation (DT) on corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance, using panel data from Chinese A-share listed companies from 2010-2022. The research constructs a \"capability-motivation\" analytical framework based on resource dependence theory and agency theory, yielding the following conclusions. First, DT has a significant positive effect on corporate ESG performance, which is robustly verified through instrumental variables method and system GMM, among others. Second, DT enhances corporate ESG performance through the dual pathways of alleviating financing constraints (resource effect) and reducing agency costs (governance effect). Third, this promotional effect varies significantly across different lifecycle stages, being more prominent in mature and declining companies but not significant in growth-stage companies. Finally, the positive impact of DT on ESG performance is stronger in state-owned enterprises than in non-state-owned enterprises. This study integrates scattered findings in existing literature through a \"capability-motivation\" dual framework, providing a more systematic explanation for understanding the relationship between DT and ESG, and offering theoretical foundations and practical implications for companies to formulate differentiated digital-ESG strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 6","pages":"e0325295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The endophytic fungi Metarhizium, Pochonia, and Trichoderma, improve salt tolerance in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.).","authors":"Shasha Hu, Michael J Bidochka","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0325559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0325559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colonization of plants by fungal endophytes can improve plant growth and can assist in adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. The fungal endophytes Metarhizium robertsii and Pochonia chlamydosporia were previously shown to improve hemp growth. Here, the impact of three fungal endophytes, M. robertsii, P. chlamydosporia as well as Trichoderma harzianum on hemp was investigated under treatment with 300 mM NaCl as a salinity stress and reduced watering volume as a drought stress. Plant growth parameters, a lipid oxidation indicator, leaf porphyrins together with the abiotic stress responses genes were assessed in hemp with or without fungal colonization under normal and stressed conditions. Under salinity stress, the growth of hemp was ameliorated by the application of Metarhizium, Pochonia, or Trichoderma in the soil. The increased production of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the reduction in porphyrins in hemp under salinity stress were restored in the presence of fungal endophytes. Under drought stress, the aboveground growth of hemp was recovered by the application of Metarhizium together with the reduced production of porphyrins. The stress related gene CsNAC3 showed decreased expression during fungal application compared with uninoculated hemp under salinity or drought treatment. Colonization of Metarhizium, Pochonia or Trichoderma improved salt stress tolerance in hemp and this was accompanied by a reduction in oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 6","pages":"e0325559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual and collective positive health behaviors and academic achievement among U.S. undergraduate students.","authors":"Alyssa M Lederer, Sara B Oswalt, Katherine S Eddens","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0323610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Behaviors associated with chronic disease can become habituated during young adulthood and may influence students' academic achievement, affecting their future health and economic prospects. However, more research is needed to understand this relationship. This study therefore examined the connection, both individually and collectively, between undergraduate students' chronic disease prevention behaviors and academic performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the relationship between 14 positive health behaviors related to diet, physical activity, sedentary screen time, and tobacco product use and cumulative grade point average (GPA; A, B, C, D/F) using the Spring 2023 American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment III (N = 50,792 students; N = 125 institutions). Log binomial regressions produced adjusted prevalence ratios for performing each health behavior based on GPA, controlling for year in school, sex/gender, race/ethnicity, and BMI. A composite health index was also calculated, and multivariate negative binomial regression examined the health index score by GPA category.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analyses found that A and B GPA categories were significantly different than D/F for all dietary behaviors, all physical activity behaviors, watching TV and gaming, and using vaping products. Students with a higher GPA had significantly more positive health behaviors based on the composite index than each proceeding GPA group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found a relationship between students' academic achievement and engagement in positive behaviors that prevent or mitigate chronic disease and is the first to examine college students' health behaviors cumulatively. Initiatives that support college student well-being may benefit students' academic success as well as reduce chronic disease risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 6","pages":"e0323610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ensemble-based 3D residual network for the classification of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Xiaoli Yang, Jiayi Zhou, Chenchen Wang, Xiao Li, Jiawen Wang, Angchao Duan, Nuan Du","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common type of dementia, with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) being a key precursor. Early MCI diagnosis is crucial for slowing AD progression, but distinguishing MCI from normal controls (NC) is challenging due to subtle imaging differences. Furthermore, differentiating early MCI (EMCI) from late MCI (LMCI) is also important for interventions. This study proposes a deep learning-based approach using a weighted probability-based ensemble method to integrate results from three-dimensional residual networks (3D ResNet). (1) This study employs 3D ResNet-18, 3D ResNet-34, and 3D ResNet-50 architectures with the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM). The attention mechanism enhances performance by helping the model focus on pertinent information. Data augmentation techniques are applied to address limited data and improve accuracy. (2) To overcome the limitation of the individual convolutional neural network (CNN), an ensemble learning method is adopted. The method assigns weights to each 3D CNN model based on prediction accuracy and integrates them to obtain the final result. Our method achieves accuracy of 94.87%, 92.31%, 95.49%, and 95.97% for MCI vs. NC, MCI vs. AD, EMCI vs. LMCI, and NC vs. EMCI vs. LMCI vs. AD, respectively. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method for AD diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 6","pages":"e0324520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Math skills and microstructure of the middle longitudinal fasciculus: A developmental investigation.","authors":"Irina Buianova, Asya Istomina, Andrei Manzhurtsev, Maxim Ublinskiy, Victor Karpychev, Marie Arsalidou","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional neuroimaging studies have identified distributed brain networks involved in arithmetic problem-solving. However, it is still poorly understood to what extent microstructural properties of the underlying white matter contribute to mathematical performance. We investigate microstructural characteristics of one of the least studied white matter tracts, the bilateral middle longitudinal fasciculus (MdLF), reconstructed from diffusion-weighted MRI data, and their relations with mathematical performance in arithmetic tasks of varying complexity, in 56 individuals aged 10-29 years (22 children: 10-13 years; 20 adolescents: 14-17 years; 14 adults: 18-29 years). We identify group differences in math performance and diffusivity measures. We highlight linear relations with age in left fractional anisotropy and right radial diffusivity, which can serve as developmental markers. Further, we document for the first time that diffusivity values in the right MdLF are significantly lower than in the left MdLF for all groups, suggesting hemispheric asymmetry. Importantly, associations between math performance in the right MdLF favoured easier tasks and in the left MdLF favoured harder tasks. This finding is a deviation from the classic hemisphere dominance hypothesis. We propose that the observed patterns may be explained by the right-left-right hemispheric dominance hypothesis proposed by a theory of cognitive development. Our results provide new insights into the microstructural properties of the MdLF and their role in mathematical ability, with implications for understanding brain-behaviour relations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 6","pages":"e0324802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel approach to group decision-making using generalized bipolar neutrosophic sets.","authors":"Aliya Fahmi, Aziz Khan, Thabet Abdeljawad","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0317746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0317746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study introduces operational laws for Aczél-Alsina aggregation within the framework of generalized bipolar neutrosophic sets (GBNS), tailored for group decision-making scenarios. Novel aggregation operators, including the Generalized Bipolar Neutrosophic Aczél-Alsina Weighted Average (GBNAAWA), Generalized Bipolar Neutrosophic Aczél-Alsina Ordered Weighted Average (GBNAAOWA), Generalized Bipolar Neutrosophic Aczél-Alsina Hybrid Weighted Average (GBNAAHWA), Generalized Bipolar Neutrosophic Aczél-Alsina Weighted Geometric (GBNAAWG), Generalized Bipolar Neutrosophic Aczél-Alsina Ordered Weighted Geometric (GBNAAOWG), and Generalized Bipolar Neutrosophic Aczél-Alsina Hybrid Weighted Geometric (GBNAAHWG), are proposed to address complex decision-making processes under uncertainty. The methodology is demonstrated through a case study and an illustrative example to validate its practical applicability. Comparative and sensitivity analyses highlight the robustness and adaptability of the proposed operators in various decision contexts. Key findings, discussions, and limitations are presented to provide insights into the method's effectiveness and areas for future research. This work contributes to advancing decision-making models by integrating Aczél-Alsina aggregation with bipolar neutrosophic theory, offering a novel approach to handling ambiguity and conflicting information.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 6","pages":"e0317746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective cohort study evaluating the association between opioid and alcohol-related emergency department presentations and the subsequent risk of hospitalization.","authors":"Kristen A Morin, Laura Hill, Shannon Knowlan, Adele Bodson, Paola Nikodem, Natalie Aubin, David C Marsh, Tara Leary","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0325083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0325083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our objective was to evaluate the association between two types of substance use presentations in the emergency department (ED) (opioid and alcohol) and the subsequent risk of hospital admission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study is a retrospective observational cohort study using administrative data from all patients presenting with substance use disorder (SUD) at Health Sciences North (HSN) from January 1, 2018, to August 31, 2023. Patients were placed in two groups: those with alcohol-related presentations and those with opioid-related presentations. The outcome was the time and number of ED visits between the index ED visit and first admission to the hospital for the substance-related presentation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5,240 individuals (45.98%) presented with opioid use, and 6,140 individuals (45.61%) presented with alcohol use. The opioid group was younger (mean age = 36.86 years, compared to 44.58 years in the alcohol group) and had higher rates of current homelessness (37.47% vs. 9.63%), a higher prevalence of mental disorders (15.71% vs. 10.68%), and a greater likelihood of being diagnosed with cellulitis (5.24% vs. 0.52%). Despite similarities in 30-day ED revisits (41.53% for alcohol vs. 40.88% for opioids) and mean length of stay (12.16 days for opioids vs. 10.04 days for alcohol), individuals in the opioid group had a higher likelihood of inpatient admission with each additional ED visit (hazard ratio = 1.28, 95% CI [1.19, 1.37]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight the healthcare needs of individuals presenting to the ED with opioid use versus alcohol use, with opioid-related cases involving more acute and complex healthcare presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 6","pages":"e0325083"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DeepSeek-AI-enhanced virtual reality training for mass casualty management: Leveraging machine learning for personalized instructional optimization.","authors":"Zhe Li, Lei Shi, Mingyu Pei, Wan Chen, Yutao Tang, Guozheng Qiu, Xibin Xu, Liwen Lyu","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0321352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a virtual reality (VR) training system for mass casualty management, integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to analyze trainee performance and error patterns. The goal was to identify key predictors of performance, generate personalized feedback, and provide actionable recommendations for optimizing VR-based medical training.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 196 medical professionals participated in a 1-hour VR training session, followed by a 20-question assessment and a post-training evaluation survey. The DeepSeek AI framework was employed to analyze the data, utilizing clustering analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and random forest models. Descriptive statistics, error rates, and correlation analyses were performed using R software (version 4.1.2). Machine learning models were trained to predict performance outcomes, and feature importance was assessed using the Gini index. Personalized feedback reports were generated based on clustering and error analysis results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study identified three distinct trainee clusters, with the highest-performing group excelling in Trauma Assessment and Clinical Case Analysis. However, high error rates were observed in Clinical Case Analysis (69.4%) and Trauma Assessment (67.3%), indicating areas for targeted improvement. Machine learning models highlighted replacing traditional teaching methods (IncNodePurity = 25.76) and stimulating learning interest (IncNodePurity = 13.08) as the most critical factors influencing learning outcomes. AI-driven feedback provided actionable recommendations, such as redesigning complex scenarios and enhancing system usability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates the potential of integrating AI with VR training to create a more personalized and effective learning experience for medical professionals. The findings underscore the importance of adaptive, data-driven approaches in medical education, particularly in high-stakes environments such as emergency medicine. Future research should explore hybrid training models and incorporate physiological data to further enhance the efficacy of VR-based training systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 6","pages":"e0321352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning Driven Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide Entrapped Heteroatom-Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction.","authors":"Abdullah Akhdhar, Abdullah S Al-Bogami, Waleed A El-Said, Farhan Zafar, Naeem Akhtar","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing highly efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction is hindered by sluggish multi-electron kinetics, poor charge transfer efficiency, and limited active site accessibility. Transition metal-based electrocatalysts, such as cobalt oxides, have shown promise. However, poor charge transfer efficiency, limited active site accessibility, and suboptimal interaction with support materials have lowered their oxygen evolution reaction performance. Additionally, optimization of materials remains a complex task, often relying on trial-and-error approaches that do not clearly understand the key features that govern oxygen evolution reaction performance. In this study, we have addressed these challenges through machine learning, which enables the systematic design and optimization of electrocatalysts. By leveraging machine learning, we have developed a highly effective cobalt oxide nanocrystal-based electrocatalyst embedded within sulfur and phosphorus-doped carbon nitride. The homogeneous distribution of cobalt oxide nanocrystals on the sulfur and phosphorus-doped carbon nitride substrate further improves the accessibility of active sites during electrochemical reactions, leading to enhanced oxygen evolution reaction performance. The cobalt oxide sulfur and phosphorus-doped carbon nitride catalyst has shown promising oxygen evolution reaction activity, characterized by a low overpotential of 262 mV, a Tafel slope of 66 mV dec ⁻ ¹, and a high electrochemically active surface area of 140.58 cm². These results highlight the synergistic interaction between cobalt oxide and sulfur and phosphorus-doped carbon nitride, which contributes to the catalyst's superior electrocatalytic performance and provides a promising pathway for the design of advanced oxygen evolution reaction catalysts through machine learning-guided material optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 6","pages":"e0324357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the efficacy, prognosis and safety of dexamethasone in the treatment of different types of non-puerperal mastitis: A retrospective study.","authors":"Na Wang, Gang Hu, Lihua Xu, Lili Gong, Wanju Wang","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0325739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0325739","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To analyze the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone in the treatment of non-puerperal mastitis (NPM), providing a new idea for the treatment of NPM.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;From August 1, 2017 to August 30, 2024, case data were collected from 552 patients with NPM. After grouping according to different treatment options, the SPSS statistical software was used for retrospective analysis of the collected data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The number of days of drug treatment before operation in group B was less than other groups (p &lt; 0.001). The group B had the most significant relief of pain symptoms and shorter time to complete relief of pain than other groups (p &lt; 0.001). There were statistically significant differences between the 5 groups in the time required for pain to disappear and the time required for the volume to be reduced by half after treatment (p &lt; 0.05).The overall efficacy evaluation had the highest effective rate in Group B (100%) and the lowest in Group D (2.10%), and the difference was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.001).No side effects such as abnormalities in liver and kidney functions, water-electrolyte disorders, or peptic ulcers were observed in the five groups during drug treatment. There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of side effects such as rash, diarrhoea and hyperglycaemia among patients in the five groups (p &gt; 0.05).The side effects of nausea (vomiting) and skin pigmentation in group E were higher than other groups(p &lt; 0.001). In terms of weight gain (full moon face), nervous excitability (insomnia) and menstrual disorders, group B was lower than other groups (except group D without hormone therapy)(p &lt; 0.001). In terms of postoperative recurrence after ipsilateral breast surgery, the recurrence rates of patients in group B were lower than those of the other four groups, and group D had the highest recurrence rate (8.30%), with a statistically significant difference (p &lt; 0.001). Satisfaction survey found that group B had the highest satisfaction rate other groups (p &lt; 0.05). The number of days required for the volume to be reduced by half after treatment was the most influential factor in the satisfaction survey. At the same time, we found that the obvious effect and recovery rate of GLM group was higher than that of PCM group, and the difference was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Dexamethasone combined with levofloxacin/Metronidazole in the treatment of NPM has many advantages: first of all, it can significantly relieve the pain symptoms caused by the disease and effectively reduce the size of the lesion. Meanwhile, for the patients who plan to undergo surgery, the number of days of preoperative drug treatment can be reduced, and the overall effective rate is the highest. Secondly, the short-term application of drugs to treat side effects less, high safety; in the meantime, the risk of recurrence of t","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 6","pages":"e0325739"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}