PLoS ONE最新文献

{"title":"A mathematical study for psoriasis transmission with immune-mediated time delays and optimal control strategies.","authors":"Xianbing Cao, Subhankar Kushary, Tushar Ghosh, Fahad Al Basir, Priti Kumar Roy","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334101","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In psoriasis, dendritic cells activate T cells, which then release excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to abnormal growth of keratinocytes in the epidermis. At the same time, anti-inflammatory cytokines attempt to restore balance. In reality, these immune processes are not immediate; they involve biological time gaps due to signal processing, cell communication, and cytokine feedback. Such immune-related delays may play a key role in triggering unstable or oscillatory behavior observed in psoriasis flare-ups. In this study, we present and analyze a mathematical model of psoriasis that explicitly includes two intracellular immune-mediated time delays to demonstrate their biological significance in disease progression. The model captures the interactions among T cells, dendritic cells, keratinocytes, and local mature stem cells. It features two cytokine-mediated feedback loops between T cells and dendritic cells, while stem cells attempt to regulate the immune response through anti-inflammatory signaling. A key challenge is identifying the critical time delays that modulate these interactions. To address this, we introduce two different delays in different interaction terms of the model system. We test the hypothesis that these delays can critically influence the onset and persistence of psoriatic pathology mathematically. Using stability analysis of the interior equilibrium, we determine parametric relations, their ranges, and delay thresholds that give rise to Hopf bifurcations, thereby linking delays to disease and deriving conditions of instability. Our analysis demonstrates that both immune-mediated delays critically influence system stability, with threshold values of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] inducing oscillations through Hopf bifurcations. Further, we apply optimal control strategies on the delayed system using the effects of two biologic agents: TNF-α and IL-17 inhibitors. Incorporation of optimal controls effectively stabilizes the immune response. Numerical simulations support these analytical findings and show that biologic interventions can effectively reduce keratinocyte density. Inclusion of immune-related delays, based on both analytical and numerical results, provides a more realistic understanding of psoriasis dynamics and helps optimize therapeutic approaches for psoriasis management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 10","pages":"e0334101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12533905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptome analysis provides new insights into the response of common bean to infection by race 65 of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum.","authors":"Caroline Marcela da Silva Dambroz, Alexandre Hild Aono, Larissa Carvalho Costa, Evandro Novaes, Welison Andrade Pereira","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0314188","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0314188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The farming of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) is crucial for global nutrition, culture, and economy, but the crop faces significant challenges from biotic and abiotic stresses. Among these, anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, particularly race 65, is notable due to its widespread occurrence and high genetic and virulence diversity, especially in tropical regions such as Brazil. Understanding the molecular basis of resistance and susceptibility to specific pathogen races is key to accelerating the development of superior cultivars. Despite its significance, global gene expression studies addressing the interactions between bean genotypes and race 65 remain scarce. In this study, we explored the molecular basis of resistance and susceptibility to race 65 in two Brazilian common bean cultivars. RNA was extracted from leaves at 0, 48, and 96 hours after inoculation and sequenced using the Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. Our transcriptome analysis identified several candidate genes linked to resistance, including those involved in pathogen recognition, such as kinases and NB-LRR (nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat) genes, as well as genes involved in the phenylpropanoid, glycerolipid biosynthesis, linoleic acid pathways, and cell wall remodeling. In contrast, the susceptible genotype exhibited activation of auxin signaling and sugar transport genes. Additionally, gene coexpression network analysis revealed a strong correlation among resistance-related genes. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular-genetic mechanisms underlying common bean resistance to race 65 of C. lindemuthianum.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 10","pages":"e0314188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12533873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) can be a possible predictive factor of incident CKD: NAGALA cohort study.","authors":"Yuriko Ono, Kimiko Sakai, Takuro Okamura, Hiroshi Okada, Akihiro Obora, Takao Kojima, Masahide Hamaguchi, Michiaki Fukui","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334720","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A decade-long follow-up study identified metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) as an independent predictor for the onset of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In 2023, a Delphi consensus introduced the term metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) as an updated nomenclature. This study aims to evaluate whether MASLD, as the newly defined concept of steatotic liver disease, functions as an independent risk factor for CKD development. Additionally, the study seeks to examine the association between MASLD and CKD, while identifying contributing risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research involved a retrospective cohort study conducted on individuals participating in health checkups at Asahi University Hospital, Japan, from 1994 to 2023. Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the relationship between MASLD and the incidence of CKD over a five-year follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 15,873 participants were included in this study. The incidence of CKD was highest among individuals with MASLD (9.5%). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that MASLD was significantly associated with an increased risk of CKD, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.37 (95% CI 1.12-1.67, p = 0.002). Additional factors such as age (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.03-1.05, p < 0.001) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.87-0.89, p < 0.001) were also identified as significant predictors of CKD. These findings suggest a robust association between MASLD and an elevated risk of CKD compared to individuals without steatotic liver disease or cardiometabolic risk factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study establishes MASLD as a significant risk factor for CKD onset. Effective identification and management of MASLD cases are essential to mitigate the incidence of CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 10","pages":"e0334720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12533907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a loaded change of direction training program on physical performance in U-19 elite soccer players.","authors":"Víctor Martín, Mehdi Ben Brahim, Ariadna Hernaiz-Sánchez, Hussain Yassin, Alejandro Sal-de-Rellán","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0335148","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0335148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Changes of direction are one of the most repeated actions during football matches, which is why the inclusion of these actions in the training of the football player must be a fundamental aspect. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of 6-week a loaded change of direction (COD) movements training on speed, jump, COD speed, and repeated sprint ability (RSA) in soccer players. Twenty-eight male soccer players (age: 19.12 ± 0.75 years; height: 1.75 ± 0.06 m; body mass: 72.78 ± 4.87 kg; systematic practice: 8.62 ± 1.33 years) were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG, n = 14) or a control group (CG, n = 14). The research was conducted during a training camp. During the intervention period, the EG performed two weekly sessions of loaded change of direction training, while the CG performed FIFA 11 prevention program. EG significantly improved the performance of 5-m, CMJ, SJ, Illinois and the percentage of decrement (%Dec and %Dec-COD). However, CG only showed significant improvements in CMJ and SJ. Between-groups analysis revealed differences in favor of the EG in 5-m, CMJ, SJ. The main results show that the effect of loaded COD movements training using a weighted vest on the physical performance of soccer players is significantly greater compared to the FIFA 11 prevention program. This study shows that including an additional load in COD exercises is a good method to increase performance on key variables for soccer players.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 10","pages":"e0335148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12533869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential regulation of the eicosanoid biosynthesis pathway in response to Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei infection in Litopenaeus vannamei.","authors":"Wananit Wimuttisuk, Pisut Yotbuntueng, Pacharawan Deenarn, Punsa Tobwor, Kamonluk Kittiwongpukdee, Surasak Jiemsup, Rapeepun Vanichviriyakit, Chanadda Kasamechotchung, Suganya Yongkiettrakul, Natthinee Munkongwongsiri, Siriwan Khidprasert, Vanicha Vichai","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334906","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is a highly contagious pathogen that causes severe growth retardation in penaeid shrimp. EHP infection damages the hepatopancreatic tubules, causes hematopoietic infiltration, and recruits granulocytes and inflammatory cells to the shrimp stomach and intestine. In this study, we investigated whether EHP infection induced the eicosanoid biosynthesis pathway in the gastrointestinal tract of the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp hepatopancreases, stomachs, and intestines were collected on days 0, 7, and 21 of the EHP cohabitation experiment for analysis. On day 7, the levels of cyclooxygenase (COX) and prostaglandin F synthase (PGFS) enzymes, which catalyze the production of prostaglandins, were elevated in the hepatopancreas of EHP-infected shrimp. The stomach of EHP-infected shrimp also contained higher levels of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and 12-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (12-HEPE) than the control shrimp. Nevertheless, the most significant impact of EHP infection on day 7 was observed in shrimp intestines, in which the levels of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), 8-HETE, and four isomers of HEPEs were higher in the EHP-infected shrimp than in the control shrimp. As the EHP infection progressed to day 21, the upregulation of COX and PGFS persisted in the EHP-infected hepatopancreas, leading to increasing levels of PGF2α and 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2). The upregulation of prostaglandins was in contrast with the decreasing levels of HETEs and HEPEs in the hepatopancreas of EHP-infected shrimp. Meanwhile, the stomach of EHP-infected shrimp contained higher levels of prostaglandin D2, PGF2α, 15d-PGJ2, and most of the hydroxy fatty acids than the control shrimp. The levels of eicosanoid precursors, namely arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, were upregulated in the shrimp gastrointestinal tract collected on days 7 and 21, suggesting that substrate availability contributes to the increasing levels of eicosanoids after EHP infection. Our study provides the first comprehensive analysis of the eicosanoid biosynthesis pathway in response to EHP infection. Moreover, the results indicate that eicosanoids are part of the host-pathogen interactions in crustaceans.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 10","pages":"e0334906"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12533846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of spatial heterogeneity in Xi'an's urban heat island effect using multi-source data fusion.","authors":"Yuan Meng, Qian Luo, Boyu Bai, Yonghao Li, Jialin Lu, Juan Ren","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0332885","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0332885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the context of global climate change, this study aims to investigate the spatial heterogeneity and driving mechanisms of the urban heat island (UHI) effect within Xi'an's second ring road area. We constructed a novel multi-source data fusion framework that integrates high-resolution remote sensing imagery, detailed building spatial data, and semantic indicators from street view imagery. Based on this framework, we extracted seven key environmental features and land surface temperature (LST) data. We employed Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) and machine learning models, including Random Forest, XGBoost, and Gradient Boosted Regression, to analyze both nonlinear interactions and spatially localized variations influencing UHI intensity. The results indicate that building density (BD), green view index (GVI), and road density (RD) are the dominant factors affecting LST, showing significant spatial heterogeneity. BD has the highest global importance with a SHAP value of 0.665 in the XGBoost model and shows positive effects on LST, especially in high-density areas. GVI exhibits stable negative correlations with LST, highlighting its cooling potential in medium- to high-density zones. MGWR regression coefficients for BD and GVI range from -0.66 to 1.38 and -0.53 to 0.33, respectively, revealing substantial local variation. Our analysis reveals the necessity of spatially differentiated climate adaptation strategies, and confirms the effectiveness of fine-grained environmental indicators in representing UHI formation mechanisms. The proposed multi-source data fusion and integrated MGWR-machine learning framework offers refined methodological tools and practical insights for enhancing urban thermal resilience and developing targeted microclimate regulation policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 10","pages":"e0332885"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12533849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new functional classification of U.S. metropolitan and micropolitan areas.","authors":"Robert W Pendergrass","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334284","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study develops a new functional classification of metropolitan and micropolitan areas in the United States. The methodology used was based on the widely used locational quotient and the Coefficient of Specialization (also known as the Index of Divergence). Determining a specialty or which industrial category may be dominant was set to be the outliers above the upper inner fence for each distribution. The units of analysis were all 927 United States metropolitan and micropolitan areas, excluding Puerto Rico. Readily available employment data from the American Community Survey for 2021 was used. Issues and problems with previous classification systems, such as the reliance on a small number of large cities, the inclusion of unpublished data, and subjectivity, were avoided. A relatively small number of urban areas were found to have multiple functional specializations: only forty-five (4.9% of all areas) had two or more functional specialties. Only five had three functional specialties (just over half a percent). Diversified Metro/Micro Areas, which had no industrial category that stood out as dominant, was the single largest class. The pattern of employment for metropolitan areas that specialized in the Productive Class diverged the most from the overall national pattern of metropolitan areas. Those areas in the Extractive Class followed with the second highest degree of divergence.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 10","pages":"e0334284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12533906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors that influence an individual's decision to undergo bariatric surgery: A qualitative systematic review.","authors":"Natasha Keogh, Dawn Horsom, Geraldine Lee, Mohamad M Saab","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334837","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obesity is a significant health issue associated with chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Bariatric surgery is the most effective weight loss treatment for obesity. This systematic review aimed to examine factors influencing individuals' decisions to undergo bariatric surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review was guided by the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis for Qualitative Reviews and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. Literature searches were conducted in CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Library, APA PsycINFO, and APA PsycArticles. Results were analysed using a meta-aggregative approach. Quality appraisal was conducted using the JBI Checklist for Qualitative Research.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen studies were included. Health concerns, fears of obesity-related comorbidities, and a desire to improve physical health and quality of life emerged as key motivators to undergoing bariatric surgery. Support from healthcare professionals and family played a crucial role in motivating individuals to consider surgery. Women particularly noted concerns about fertility as a motivator to undergo bariatric surgery. Disclosure of surgery, financial concerns, transport, family and work commitments, and perceived risks of surgery were identified as barriers to undergoing bariatric surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings highlight the need for healthcare professionals to adopt empathetic, patient-centred approaches when discussing bariatric surgery. Addressing financial, insurance, and logistical barriers, alongside stigma and family resistance, is essential. Improving patient education, strengthening provider relationships, and offering tailored support can enhance decision-making, access, and long-term outcomes for those considering bariatric surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 10","pages":"e0334837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12533836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fear of childbirth in primipara women and its correlation with premenstrual syndrome: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yanran Li, Yi Lu, Xujuan Xu","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0332135","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0332135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fear of Childbirth (FOC) is the most common psychological problem among pregnant women, especially in primipara women who are more likely to fear the unknown delivery process. The causes of FOC are complex and influenced by various factors, but the impact of menstruation-related factors remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to understand the current situation of FOC in primiparous women during late pregnancy, investigate the influencing factors of FOC, and further explore the correlation between premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and FOC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is a multicenter cross-sectional study. A convenience sampling method is used to select 597 primiparous women who attend regular prenatal check-ups at three healthcare institutions in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China, between December 2023 and February 2024. Participants are required to complete the general information questionnaire, Premenstrual Syndrome Scale, Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Marital Adjustment Scale. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test are used to access the between-group differences. Multiple linear regression is used to analyze the influencing factors of FOC. Spearman correlation examines the relationship between PMS and FOC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that 46.73% of primiparous women experience FOC. Multiple linear regression analysis shows that dysmenorrhea, unintended pregnancy, PMS, social support, sleep quality, and marital relationship are significant factors influencing FOC (P < 0.05). Additionally, PMS is moderately positively correlated with FOC (r = 0.549, P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study results indicate that the social issue of FOC deserves attention. Clinical healthcare professionals should focus on the physical and mental well-being of pregnant women, particularly those with PMS. They should enhance prenatal psychological assessments and provide targeted emotional support based on individual circumstances, helping these women better cope with childbirth, improve their childbirth experience, and ensure maternal and infant health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 10","pages":"e0332135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12533863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cognitive impairment: Protocol of a systematic review.","authors":"Prakasit Tonchoy, Nestor Asiamah, Rufus Akintimehin, Pannawadee Singkaew","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334862","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0334862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been associated with adverse health effects, yet evidence on the cognitive consequences of such exposure remains fragmented and has not been systematically synthesized across occupational groups. This protocol outlines a systematic review that will examine the relationship between occupational PAH exposure and cognitive impairment across eight predefined occupational categories. Relevant studies will be identified through electronic searches of major databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, PsycINFO, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies must assess PAH exposure in occupational settings and evaluate cognitive outcomes using validated instruments, with domain-specific neuropsychological tests prioritized as primary outcomes and global screening tools (e.g., MoCA, MMSE) included as supportive outcomes. Both observational and comparative study designs will be considered. Titles and abstracts will be screened by two independent reviewers, and full texts of potentially eligible articles will be assessed using predefined criteria. Data will be synthesized narratively, with contingency meta-analysis conducted where sufficient comparable data are available and heterogeneity is acceptable. Prespecified subgroup analyses will be undertaken by occupational category, biomarker, cognitive domain, and exposure context, with meta-regression considered if an adequate number of studies are identified. Risk of bias will be assessed using JBI tools at the study level and ROBIS at the review level, with planned sensitivity analyses. The review will consolidate current evidence on PAH-related cognitive outcomes across occupational groups, including under-studied populations such as wildland firefighters, and will inform occupational health policy, workplace screening initiatives, and future research aimed at safeguarding cognitive health in exposed populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 10","pages":"e0334862"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12533870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}