PLoS ONE最新文献

{"title":"Identification of risk areas and associated factors of unfavorable treatment outcomes in drug-resistant tuberculosis: Evidence from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.","authors":"Heitor Levy Ferreira Praça, Juliana Cavalcanti Figueiredo, Natalia Santana Paiva, Jefferson Pereira Caldas Dos Santos, Paulo Victor de Sousa Viana, Rejane Sobrino Pinheiro, Antonio Jose Leal Costa, Gerusa Gibson, Alexandre San Pedro","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348788","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-resistant tuberculosis remains a major challenge to tuberculosis control in Brazil and worldwide.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes and to analyze the occurrence of high-risk spatial clusters at an intra-urban scale in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study of drug-resistant tuberculosis cases reported between 2015 and 2022 was conducted. Individual-level and spatial analyses were performed to identify associated factors with unfavorable outcomes and high-risk clusters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 972 cases analyzed, 31.6% had unfavorable outcomes, including 20.2% lost to follow-up, 4.9% with treatment failure, and 6.3% deaths. Loss to follow-up was higher among males, Black individuals, those with low education levels, individuals with AIDS, and those who used alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs, whereas older age and diabetes were associated with lower odds. Treatment failure was more frequent among individuals of Brown race/skin color, those with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, and those with multiple previous treatments. Mortality was higher among individuals over 40 years of age, those with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, those with alcohol use, and individuals AIDS. Three high-risk spatial clusters were identified in the northern zone of the city, an area of marked social vulnerability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Unfavorable drug-resistant tuberculosis outcomes are influenced by socioeconomic factors, particularly in socially vulnerable urban areas. In this context, strengthening local surveillance in identified high-risk clusters, improving patient-centered care across primary and secondary levels, and providing robust socioeconomic support are essential strategies for reducing unfavorable outcomes and achieving more equitable tuberculosis control.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348788"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinmo affects developmental timing and patterning during cockroach embryogenesis.","authors":"Judit Gonzalvo, Jorge Escudero, Xavier Belles","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0347492","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0347492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transcription factor Chinmo (short for Chronologically Inappropriate Morphogenesis) is a key regulator of developmental timing and metamorphosis in insects, where it represses metamorphosis-related genes during postembryonic development. While the postembryonic functions of Chinmo are well established, its role during embryogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we investigate the expression pattern and function of chinmo during embryogenesis in a hemimetabolan insect, the German cockroach, Blattella germanica. qRT-PCR measurements revealed exceptionally high levels of chinmo transcripts at embryonic day 0 (nearly an order of magnitude higher than those observed in postembryonic stages), followed by a sharp decline throughout embryogenesis, consistent with a maternal origin of the transcripts. Maternal RNA interference targeting chinmo resulted in a significant reduction in hatchling numbers, and produced characteristic embryonic defects. Early embryos exhibited severe abnormalities in germ-band formation and pronounced developmental delays, particularly affecting appendage differentiation. At later-stages, embryos displayed persistent developmental arrest, defects in cuticle replacement, and abnormalities in early embryonic development. Together, these findings demonstrate that Chinmo is required for proper germ-band formation and timely developmental progression. Comparative analysis with the holometabolan species Drosophila melanogaster revealed marked differences in the dynamics of embryonic chinmo expression, which peaks during mid-to-late embryogenesis. This pattern is consistent with previous reports showing that D. melanogaster embryos with reduced chinmo expression arrest during late embryogenesis. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that evolutionary shifts in the timing and magnitude of chinmo expression during embryogenesis have contributed to the divergence of developmental strategies between hemimetabolan and holometabolan insects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0347492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive feature evaluation of the main facades of Catholic churches in Sichuan-Chongqing region based on semantic difference method, 1840-1949.","authors":"Qin Lai, Xinkai Li, Beibei Zhang, Nan Chen, YunZhang Li","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348806","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The existing Catholic churches constructed in the Sichuan-Chongqing region between 1840 and 1949, as precious carriers of Sino-Western cultural integration, have been listed in the cultural heritage protection catalog. This study employs the semantic difference method to conduct a quantitative evaluation of the main facade characteristics of these churches across five dimensions, operationalized through six specific evaluation criteria: relationship with the environment, facade contour, facade style 1 (Chinese vs. Western), facade style 2 (Folk vs. Official), facade decoration, and religious expression. The correlation between these facade features was also analyzed. The findings reveal: (1) Among the 62 existing Catholic churches in Sichuan and Chongqing, 14 are Chinese-style churches, accounting for 22.6%. (2) Facades demonstrate distinct cultural fusion: Chinese-style churches incorporate Western vertical composition elements, while Western-dominated churches integrate environmental harmony, Chinese architectural style, folk styles, and minimalist decoration. (3) According to the correlation analysis of Spearman's correlation coefficient, the correlation coefficient between the facade style and decorative characteristics of the church is 0.857, and the correlation coefficient with religious expression is 0.754, showing a significant positive correlation. This study aims to provide a reference for the quantitative evaluation of cultural heritage facade characteristics and preservation of Sino-Western architectural cultural integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric evaluation of the ethical caring competency scale among Iranian Nurses: A methodological study.","authors":"Yasin Jafari Rahim Abad, Kiyana Saadati, Fatemeh Ghaffari","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0346672","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0346672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nurses face complex ethical challenges across diverse healthcare settings, making ethical caring competency essential to professional practice. Given that Iranian nurses encounter ethically sensitive situations shaped by sociocultural and religious values and that no validated tool exists to assess this construct the aim of this study was to culturally adapt and psychometrically validate the Ethical Caring Competency Scale (ECCS) for use among Iranian nurses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This methodological, cross‑sectional study included 697 registered nurses who were recruited through convenience sampling from seven teaching hospitals affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Data were collected in person by the researcher through visits to hospital wards, during which nurses completed the instruments at the end of their work shifts. The Ethical Caring Competency Scale (ECCS; 22 items across four dimensions) was culturally adapted for the Iranian context following World Health Organization (WHO) translation protocols, including forward-back translation, expert panel review, and pilot testing with 20 nurses. Construct validity was evaluated using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA), and the Random Forest Model (RFM). In addition, internal consistency reliability and measurement invariance across gender were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 697 nurses fully completed the data collection instruments. Participants had a mean age of 35.17 ± 8.41 years and 10.55 ± 7.24 years of work experience; most were female (80.6%) and held a bachelor's degree (89.4%). EFA identified a four‑factor structure that explained 52.80% of the total variance. CFA results confirmed an adequate model fit, with all fit indices (PCFI = 0.737, PNFI = 0.713, CMIN/DF = 2.76, RMSEA = 0.071, IFI = 0.934, CFI = 0.933, and GFI = 0.918) meeting acceptable criteria. EGA results also reproduced the four-factor structure in 99.4% of bootstrap samples. Convergent validity (AVE > 0.5) and divergent validity (√AVE > inter-construct correlations) were confirmed. All reliability coefficients were above 0.7. The RFM demonstrated that the component 'Acting while thinking about how to provide better care' was the most significant factor (contributing 37.56%) in predicting the total ethical caring competency score. The measurement invariance test indicated that the factor structure was stable across genders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Persian version of the ECCS demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties, a stable conceptual structure, cultural sensitivity, and good discriminant validity for the components of ethical caring competency. Therefore, it can be considered a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the ethical caring competency of nurses in Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0346672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility, acceptability, and fidelity evaluation of a contextualised physical activity and diet intervention for hypertension control in rural South African adults.","authors":"Kganetso Sekome, Francesc Xavier Gómez-Olivé, Hellen Myezwa, Dale W Esliger, Lauren B Sherar","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0348696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the known benefits of physical activity and diet modifications for hypertension control, adults in rural South African settings still have high levels of uncontrolled hypertension. This paper outlines an intervention that targets adjusting routine physical activity and diet practices for hypertension control in adults from rural South Africa (HYPHEN). The intervention involved a structured group education, individualised physical activity education, and individualised dietary education. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and fidelity of HYPHEN for adults aged 40 years and older living with hypertension in rural South Africa. Feasibility was measured by assessing recruitment and retention rates. Acceptability was assessed through interviews after the intervention using pre-determined themes of perceived expectations, benefits, motivation, and barriers concerning the intervention. Fidelity was evaluated by intervention adherence, dosage, quality, and participant responsiveness. Participants were also asked to rate their overall satisfaction on a Likert scale out of 10. Our study demonstrated high level of feasibility, acceptability, and fidelity. Thirty participants were successfully recruited (100% of target), 28 (93%) participants were retained, and 28 (93%) provided complete data. Qualitative data demonstrated high acceptability, with participants reporting that the intervention met expectations, provided benefits, motivated continued engagement, and involved few barriers. Intervention fidelity was high with all three components carried out as planned, minor dosage adjustment, high delivery quality, and 100% participant engagement. The average rating on the Likert scale was 8.6/10 (SD = 2.55). HYPHEN is a feasible and acceptable intervention for hypertension control. Trial registration: Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (pactr.samrc.ac.za) PACTR202306662753321. Retrospectively registered on 29 June 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A snapshot of HIV-1 genetic diversity in Dominican Republic in 2024: Predominance of the BCar lineage and first description of a CRF02-AG isolate.","authors":"Lily Soto, Yoneira F Sulbaran, Rossana C Jaspe, Francisco Ureña, Yoel Garcia, Carmen Luisa Loureiro, Héctor R Rangel, Flor H Pujol","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348313","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although a decrease in the incidence of HIV-1 infection has been observed in the Caribbean, the prevalence of this viral infection is still around 1% in Dominican Republic. It has been shown that the subtype B circulating in many of the Caribbean islands is indeed a subtype B which was introduced before the expansion of the B Pandemic lineage (BPandemic), which has been called the Caribbean B lineage (BCar). The aim of this descriptive study was to provide a snapshot of the present circulation of HIV-1 subtypes and lineages in this island. Different regions of the HIV-1 genome were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced for phylogenetic analysis of the viral isolates circulating in La Vega and Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic, in 2024. Of the 26 HIV-1 isolates, all but one belonged to the HIV-1 subtype B. Several genomic regions were evaluated for their suitability for the lineage assignment. In addition to the PR/RT region, which was previously shown to discriminate between the two lineages, the INT region also allowed the discrimination, but VIF with less performance. In contrast, the NEF region did not seem suitable for lineage discrimination. From the 25 HIV-1 subtype B isolates, the lineage could be assigned in 20, 17 of them (85%) belonging to the BCar lineage. The other HIV-1 isolate was found to be a CRF02-AG isolate. The complete genome showed that this isolate was related to isolates circulating in Africa and Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal seamline detection for SAR image mosaicking guided by superpixel segmentation and region merging.","authors":"Dong Yan, Feixiang Zeng, Bairu Chen, Rui Huang, Yi She","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348842","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large-scale studies and applications of SAR images require the mosaicking of multiple scenes. However, geometric misregistration and radiometric inconsistencies among adjacent images often lead to poor continuity and unnatural transitions in the mosaicked images, which severely restrict the effectiveness of SAR images in large-area information analysis and retrieval. Optimal seamline detection seeks to determine the most suitable stitching path within the overlapping regions of adjacent images, ensuring that mosaicked SAR images exhibit maximal consistency in intensity, texture, and geometric features while minimizing stitching artifacts and visual discontinuities. Existing seamline detection methods, however, are often limited by their obstacle-avoidance capability and computational efficiency. To overcome these limitations, this study proposes an optimal seamline detection approach for SAR images guided by superpixel segmentation and region merging. First, the Patch-Based SLIC (PB-SLIC) algorithm is enhanced to achieve consistent superpixel segmentation across multiple overlapping images. Second, a region adjacency graph is constructed by integrating Bhattacharyya distance, texture distribution, and boundary length information, which guides the merging of superpixels and produces candidate seamlines that preserve object integrity and accurately follow object boundaries. Then, an initial seamline network is generated using area Voronoi diagrams with overlap (AVDO), and a cost function based on normalized cross-correlation is established. The seamline network is further refined using a shortest-path algorithm to extract the optimal seamline network from the candidates. Finally, using real SAR datasets, we analyze and verify the effectiveness of superpixel segmentation and region merging in seamline detection. Comparative experiments with two classical methods further demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves superior obstacle-avoidance capability and shorter search time, while ensuring higher mosaicking quality and significantly improving computational efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348842"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the pricing efficiency of financial assets with an optimized bayesian network based on efficient fusion.","authors":"Qi Fu, Xiaotong Li","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0347047","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0347047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To address the limitations of traditional pricing models regarding accuracy and adaptability in high-frequency trading, this study presents a Transformer-based Efficiently-Fused Optimized Bayesian Network (Trans-EFOBN) for financial asset pricing. The framework integrates a masked transformer with temporal logic constraints to extract sequential features and combines a Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) to establish hierarchical structural dependencies between macro factors and micro market variables. This design does not aim to establish strict econometric causality but instead leverages an end-to-end learning mechanism to simultaneously optimize feature representation and network parameters. Empirical analyses utilizing minute-level high-frequency data of the CSI 300 constituent stocks from 2019 to 2024 in the Wind database demonstrate substantial performance gains: the mean absolute error (MAE) decreases to 0.037 (approximately 25% lower than the baseline static Bayesian model), while R² attains 0.86. In simulated trading scenarios incorporating transaction costs and slippage, the proposed model yields an annualized return of 14.2% and a Sharpe ratio of 0.95. The results indicate that integrating structural dependency logic with dynamic probabilistic inference significantly enhances asset pricing efficiency and interpretability, providing robust technical support for high-frequency quantitative trading.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0347047"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of RGS13 expression in lupus B cells.","authors":"Tomoya Nakajima, Koji Kitagori, Sohei Funakoshi, Mirei Shirakashi, Ryosuke Hiwa, Hideaki Tsuji, Shuji Akizuki, Ran Nakashima, Akio Morinobu, Hajime Yoshifuji","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348945","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>B cells play important roles in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. In this study, we explored the proteins preferentially expressed in SLE B cells, especially double-negative 2 B (DN2B) and age-associated B cells (ABCs), and analysed their functions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used our previously reported dataset to identify the mRNAs preferentially expressed in SLE B cells and confirmed their expression in each B cell subset via flow cytometry. Additionally, we also used knockout mice of the identified gene to investigate its roles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 525 mRNAs exclusively upregulated in SLE B cells, regulator of G protein signalling (RGS)-13 was identified as a top-ten gene of interest. Its expression levels were determined via quantitative polymerase chain reaction and correlated with the anti-dsDNA antibody levels. Flow cytometry revealed that RGS13 levels were particularly high in DN2B cells. Among the DN2B cell differentiation-inducing factors, B cell receptor stimulation induced RGS13 expression. Total B cell, follicular B cell, and ABC numbers were reduced in the spleen, whereas the number of germinal centre B cells, which also highly express Rgs13, was unaffected in Rgs13-/- mice. Moreover, total B cell number increased in the bone marrow but remained unchanged in the peripheral blood in Rgs13-/- mice. No difference in responsiveness to ABC-inducing stimuli was observed between the Rgs13-/- and wild-type mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, RGS13 was highly expressed in lupus DN2B cells and mouse ABCs, induced by B cell receptor stimulation, and indirectly associated with the differentiation and maintenance of ABCs relevant to autoimmunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348945"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the development and differentiation of the physical literacy scale for Chinese college students.","authors":"Rongjing Ni, Ying Yu","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348776","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0348776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To understand the current status and characteristics of physical literacy among Chinese college students, develop a measurement scale suitable for this population, and provide an appropriate assessment tool for related research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Delphi method and a questionnaire survey were initially employed to screen and evaluate the reliability and validity of 53 preliminary items. Subsequently, the finalized measurement tool, which had been assessed for reliability, was administered to 3,077 Chinese college students via a questionnaire survey to identify population variation characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following a systematic screening process, the reliability coefficients for the four dimensions ranged from 0.731 to 0.821, and a reliable measurement tool for assessing physical literacy among Chinese college students was established. The final scale comprises four dimensions-physical activity capacity, physical activity behavior, physical activity cognition, and emotional experience-with a total of 32 items. The survey revealed significant differences in physical literacy among Chinese college students across the following dimensions: gender (t = 24.914, P < 0.001), household registration (t = 11.464, P < 0.001), grade (F = 30.811, P < 0.001), university category (F = 17.305, P < 0.001), and university district (F = 4.957, P < 0.01). Furthermore, significant differences were observed to varying degrees across all four dimensions-physical activity capacity, physical activity behavior, physical activity cognition, and emotional experience.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed Physical Literacy Scale for Chinese College Students is suitable for research targeting this population. The survey revealed significant differences in physical literacy levels among Chinese college students based on gender, grade, household registration, university category, and university district.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"21 5","pages":"e0348776"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13155614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147857080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}