Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications最新文献

{"title":"Phase transitions in a multi-phase lattice hydrodynamic area occupancy model in mixed disorder traffic considering connected and human-driven vehicles","authors":"Muskan Verma ,&nbsp;Arvind Kumar Gupta ,&nbsp;Sapna Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent developments in transportation systems have significantly accelerated the emergence of connected vehicles (CVs) within the V2V environment, coexisting with human-driven vehicles (HDVs). Understanding the traffic dynamics in the mixed environment of CVs and HDVs in disordered traffic where the vehicles do not follow lane discipline becomes excessively complex. In this context, a lattice hydrodynamic model is proposed that incorporates the area occupancy effect for the mixed traffic environment. Further, a multi-phase optimal velocity function is considered to portray the traffic flow characteristics more realistically as it considers the discontinuous accelerations occurring in real traffic. The traffic flow behavior is investigated through linear stability analysis, which depicts that the stability region narrows down as the fraction of CVs increases. Moreover, the mKdV equation is attained to study the slowly varying behavior of density waves near the critical point. It is observed that with an increase in the fraction of CVs, traffic flow stability increases significantly with increasing sensitivity. Notably, the theoretical results are validated through numerical simulation on unidirectional multi-phase traffic flow.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 130264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing selfsimilar diffusions","authors":"Iddo Eliazar ,&nbsp;Maxence Arutkin","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selfsimilar motions emerge universally on the macroscopic level, and the selfsimilarity of their trajectories is characterized by the Hurst exponent. Brownian motion – the paradigmatic model of diffusion – emerges universally from microscopic random walks, and it has the following specific features: its Hurst exponent is half, and the statistics of its positions are Gaussian. Considering Brownian motion as a given selfsimilar ‘input diffusion’, the goal of this paper is to generate a selfsimilar ‘output diffusion’ with the following general features: a desired ‘target’ Hurst exponent, and desired ‘target’ statistics of its positions. To accomplish the goal, the paper acts as follows. (1) Using stochastic differential equations (SDEs), it establishes general results regarding ‘selfsimilar-to-selfsimilar’ SDEs. (2) Applying the Lamperti transform to ‘selfsimilar-to-selfsimilar’ SDEs, it establishes general Lamperti results regarding these SDEs. (3) Following the Ito stochastic calculus, it devises an adaptable Ito design algorithm for selfsimilar diffusions. The results and the algorithm presented here provide researchers with a versatile and practical SDE framework for the design of selfsimilar diffusions – regular and anomalous alike, as well as Gaussian and non-Gaussian alike.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 130270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The quantum J1−J2 Blume–Capel model","authors":"Alejandra I. Guerrero","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, it is investigated the effect of quantum fluctuations on the <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> Blume–Capel model. The cluster mean field theory in the four site approximation is used to find the minimal (free) energy solutions. The ground state and finite temperature phase diagrams for the model with competitive ferromagnetic nearest neighbors (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>) and antiferromagnetic next nearest neighbors interactions (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>) are explored. It is found that the nature of phase transitions changes when quantum fluctuations and single-ion anisotropy parameter are varied. It is discussed the existence of tricritical points.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 130304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilayer graphene like-structure in the presence of a time-dependent magnetic field","authors":"Mehmet Batı ,&nbsp;Mehmet Ertaş","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work we consider the dynamic magnetic characteristics induced by a time-dependent magnetic field in the case of a bilayer graphene-like structure. We pay special attention to the influence of the crystal field parameter and exchange interaction parameter on the hysteresis behavior. Among the most interesting magnetic phenomena that have been studied in this work, to understand phase transitions in the system within the framework of the spin-7/2 Ising model and dynamic mean-field theory, include coercivity, remanent magnetization, and the appearance of multiple hysteresis loops. Temperature, exchange interaction parameter, and crystal field parameter can all be used to regulate the system's phase transitions and hysteresis loop types. These parameters will define the magnetic properties of a system that is allowed to take a structure similar to that of bilayer graphene and thereby impact applications related to the development of sophisticated sensors, low energy loss systems, and magnetic storage devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 130268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing infectious disease control: A study on local and boundary control strategies in spatial domains","authors":"Li Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective infectious disease control is critical for public health, yet challenges remain in optimizing spatial control strategies, particularly regarding the balance between local interventions and boundary control. Existing approaches often overlook the combined effects of interior and boundary controls on disease spread. This paper investigates optimal control strategies for managing infectious diseases using a reaction–diffusion SIR model, with an emphasis on local control within the domain and Robin boundary control applied to the infected population. By varying the number of control areas and their coverage ratios, we aim to reduce the complexity of infected population distributions under high infection rates. The results show that multi-point control is more effective for lower coverage ratios, while concentrated control performs comparably as coverage increases. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing control strategies in resource-constrained environments and highlight the diminishing returns of increasing coverage beyond a certain threshold.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 130302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum precision measurement using perfect W state via two-body interacting operation","authors":"Yan Li ,&nbsp;Zhihong Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We comprehensively investigate the metrological performance of perfect <span><math><mi>W</mi></math></span> (PW) state in quantum phase measurement, including local operation and two-body interacting operation as the phase generator. The analytical precision limits are obtained in both cases and the decoherence effects are also considered. The results show that under local operation the precision limit is slightly lower than <span><math><mi>W</mi></math></span> state. In amplitude damping channel the precision limit decreases first and then increases to the shot noise limit, whereas it is always decreased in phase damping channel. Alternatively, the optimal strategies are also provided. In the two-body interacting operations, Ising model and Lipkin–Meshkov–Glick (LMG) model are employed to explore the precision limit. It behaves similar in both cases that with increasing interacting strength <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> the precision limit surpasses the Heisenberg limit for linear phase estimation and gradually converges with <span><math><mi>W</mi></math></span> state. However, the difference is also evident that the more qubits involved for achieving Heisenberg limit, the larger the <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> needed in Ising model but smaller in LMG model. Interestingly, in amplitude damping channel, with increasing <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> an expanding platform area of precision limit emerges in few-qubit PW state (<span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></math></span>). This will be beneficial to the stable and tunable high-precision measurement, especially in the noisy circumstances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 130300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of sexually transmitted diseases with multi-pathway transmission and sex-based contact patterns","authors":"Yihao Jiang ,&nbsp;Shanshan Chen ,&nbsp;Keke Shang","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a significant public health concern. Although their propagation has garnered extensive scientific attention, previous research rarely considers the multiple transmission pathways of STDs within sexual contact networks featuring different group interaction patterns. In this paper, we introduce a generalized SEIR model on a double-layer interconnected network to represent the diverse transmission pathways of STDs, including vertical and sexual contact routes, as well as the complexities of sex- and status-based contact patterns, such as same-sex contact, opposite-sex contact, and latent period transmission. We present rigorous results on the basic reproduction number <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and the global stability of equilibria, specifically showing that the system cannot undergo a Hopf bifurcation. Our theoretical and sensitivity analysis of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> quantifies the impact of related parameters on STD dynamics. This analysis reveals a strong dependence of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> on the internal structure of the female and male layers, as well as the connections between these layers. Both same-sex and opposite-sex transmission rates affect <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, but due to mutual reactions within a layer, changes in same-sex transmission parameters can have a more pronounced effect when contact patterns are equivalent. Our results even extend beyond STDs to address how sex-specific influences on individual behaviors contribute to differences in risk of other types of transmissions. We also propose and evaluate epidemic control strategies, discovering that isolation tracking and targeted immunization are particularly effective in controlling disease spread. Numerical simulations on both empirical and synthetic complex networks support and enhance our theoretical findings. Finally, we apply our framework to HIV transmission, highlighting the critical role of condom use in combating the virus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 130273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel centrality measure for analyzing lateral movement in complex networks","authors":"Willie Kouam ,&nbsp;Yezekael Hayel ,&nbsp;Gabriel Deugoué ,&nbsp;Charles Kamhoua","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying critical nodes whose removal or compromise can significantly disrupt network functionality is a fundamental challenge within complex networks. Recognizing these pivotal nodes enables the analysis of topological features like vulnerability and robustness, and plays a crucial role in understanding the dynamics of diverse systems across various network analysis applications. Traditional centrality measures, including local, global, and semi-local measures, provide valuable insights into node importance but often fail to capture the complexities of lateral movement scenarios, where nodes play varied roles beyond simple connectivity. In such scenarios, nodes are typically categorized as source nodes (initial points of cyber adversaries’ access), intermediate nodes, and target nodes (intended destinations for cyber adversaries). Existing centrality measures neglect this categorization, rendering them ineffective for lateral movement analysis. This paper introduces a novel centrality measure that integrates insights from established centrality measures with an understanding of lateral movement dynamics, offering a comprehensive framework for evaluating node influence in lateral movement contexts. Empirical analyses across diverse network datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed centrality measure in accurately identifying influential nodes in lateral movement scenarios. Our work addresses a critical gap in network analysis and has implications for enhancing security measures across various domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 130255"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractal-domain transformer based on learnable multifractal spectrum for chaotic systems classification","authors":"Gang Xiong ,&nbsp;Wenyu Huang ,&nbsp;Tao Zhen ,&nbsp;Shuning Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional deep learning in the spatiotemporal-frequency domain frequently encounter challenges in terms of slow convergence rates and limited generalization, particularly for classification of chaotic systems. To address these limitations, this paper introduces a novel fractal-inspired deep network model, specifically, the Multifractal Spectrum Transformer (MFS-Transformer), grounded in learnable multifractal analysis. Initially, we put forward the conceptual framework of fractal learning, compared with traditional fractal signal processing methodologies and spatial-temporal domain learning paradigms. Subsequently, a Learnable Multifractal Spectrum (LMFS) derived from 3D spatial gridding, coupled with fractal-domain filtering, is proposed to construct the iterative learning process within the fractal domain. Further, we formulate the MFS-Transformer, an innovative architecture that integrates multi-channel embedding, LMFS, fractal-domain filtering, residual fusion mechanisms, a mixer module, and a classifier, tailored for chaotic system classification. Ultimately, we evaluate the efficacy of our model in classifying 3D chaotic systems under stringent conditions of short-term sequences and low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Experimental outcomes underscore the substantial performance gains achieved by the MFS-Transformer, with classification accuracy enhancements of 13.34 % and 5.00 % over existing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), respectively, under SNR= 0 dB and 32-sample sequences. These findings validate the superiority of the MFS-Transformer in addressing the complexities of chaotic system classification under complex scenarios. This research not only advances the frontier of fractal deep learning but also presents a novel perspective and methodology for tackling intricate spatiotemporal classification problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 130276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-stroke thermal machine using spin squeezing operation","authors":"Carlos H.S. Vieira ,&nbsp;Jonas F.G. Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantum thermal machines are powerful platforms to investigate how quantum effects impact the energy flow between different systems. We here investigate a two-stroke cycle in which spin squeezing effects are intrinsically switched on during all the operation time. By using Kitagawa and Ueda’s parameter and the <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-norm to compute the degree of spin squeezing and the quantum coherence, we first show that the greater the spin squeezing effect, the greater the amount of coherence in the energy basis. Then, we investigate the engine performance given the amount of spin squeezing into the system. Our results show that even assuming an always-on spin squeezing, which is directly associated with the amount of entropy production in the cycle, it is possible to find a better set of efficiency and extracted power for the engine provided a high level of control over the relevant parameters, i.e., the operation time and the squeezing intensity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"658 ","pages":"Article 130296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}