Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications最新文献

{"title":"Singularities of Taylor’s power law in the analysis of aggregation measures","authors":"Samuele De Bartolo","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Taylor’s law is a well-known power law (TPL) for analysing the scaling behaviour of many fluctuating physical phenomena in nature. The scaling exponent <span><math><mi>b</mi></math></span> of this law forms the basis of the aggregation process to which a precise probability density function corresponds. In some phenomena, TPL behaviour with periodic components of the aggregates has been observed for small partitions, especially for physical processes characterised by values of <span><math><mrow><mi>b</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> where fluctuation-related aggregation processes are supported by Poissonian distributions. We intend to show that for values of <span><math><mi>b</mi></math></span> very close to unity it is possible to find a trend, in the double logarithmic scale, of the TPL that there are ‘periodic patterns’ (components) between variance and mean. This behaviour is found in other binomial-type distributions, of which the Poissonian is a particular case, with mappings characterised by a variance close to 1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing the scope of superstatistical time series analysis: Application to the SYM-H geomagnetic index","authors":"Ewin Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An application of time series analysis is proposed from a extended perspective of superstatistics, in which a Boltzmann-like distribution with a power law <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> density of states has been introduced. This superstatistical scenario is one generated by a superposition of gamma distributions, which has already been hinted in some papers. Two time series for the magnitude of SYM-H geomagnetic index have been taken, covering periods between solar cycles 22 and 24, where data of minimum and maximum solar activity have been extracted. Analyzes were performed from the proposed superstatistical perspective to the corresponding time series, showing concordance that could suggest that each of them is a consequence of a superstatistical-like process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inequality of creep avalanches can predict imminent breakdown","authors":"Tarun Ram Kanuri ,&nbsp;Subhadeep Roy ,&nbsp;Soumyajyoti Biswas","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have numerically studied a mean-field fiber bundle model of fracture at a non-zero temperature and acted upon by a constant external tensile stress. The individual fibers fail due to creep-like dynamics that lead up to a catastrophic breakdown. We quantify the variations in sizes of the resulting avalanches by calculating the Lorenz function and two inequality indices – Gini (<span><math><mi>g</mi></math></span>) and Kolkata (<span><math><mi>k</mi></math></span>) indices – derived from the Lorenz function. We show that the two indices cross just prior to the failure point when the dynamics goes through intermittent avalanches. For a continuous failure dynamics (finite numbers of fibers breaking at each time step), the crossing does not happen. However, in that phase, the usual prediction method i.e., linear relation between the time of minimum strain-rate (time at which rate of fiber breaking is the minimum) and failure time, holds. The boundary between continuous and intermittent dynamics is very close to the boundary between crossing and non-crossing of the two indices in the temperature-stress phase space, both drawn from independent analytical calculations and are verified by numerical simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on pedestrian evacuation simulation model considering group behavior","authors":"Sheng-Hui Qin,&nbsp;Na Li","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a crowded place on the university campus, the cafeteria inevitably has many safety hazards, such as fire accidents caused by open flames and large appliances, stampede accidents caused by overcrowding during peak dining hours, etc. Therefore, studying pedestrian evacuation in university campus cafeterias is particularly necessary. Pedestrians on campus mostly travel in groups. Previous studies mainly used continuous models to discuss pedestrian group evacuation behavior. In this study, based on the cellular automaton pedestrian evacuation simulation model, the floor field calculation method was improved. A cellular automaton pedestrian evacuation simulation model considering group behavior was established and applied to the evacuation scenario of students in a university campus cafeteria. The study found that under the different group configurations, the pedestrian ratios, and the pedestrian densities, the pedestrian evacuation efficiency had significant differences. The results showed that when the different group configurations existed in the scenario, the higher the proportion of the pedestrians with three-person front-to-back group configurations, the higher the evacuation efficiency. When only one type of the group configuration existed in the scenario, at low pedestrian density, the evacuation efficiency of the individual pedestrian groups was higher compared to the other six group configurations. While at high pedestrian density, the evacuation efficiency of the three-person front-to-back group configurations was higher. These findings provided important references for pedestrian evacuation in university campus cafeterias and provided insights for the simulation research of group pedestrian evacuation models, contributing to enhancing campus safety management and ensuring the safety of teachers, students, and staff.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vibration-resonance chimeras in coupled excitable systems with heterogeneous aperiodic excitations","authors":"Qian Li ,&nbsp;Youming Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we present a novel chimera-like state known as the vibration-resonance chimera (VRC) state, which is induced by heterogeneous aperiodic (HA) excitations and emerges within the optimal range of amplitude for the HA excitations. We investigate the dynamic behaviors of the FitzHugh-Nagumo model in relation to HA excitations and coupling strength in parameter spaces, identifying specific regions where VRC states exist and analyzing the transition mechanisms between different dynamic behaviors. Using basin stability measures, we find that the mean period of HA excitations affects the multi-stable states of neural systems. Specifically, the model excited by HA excitations with a larger mean period is more likely to exhibit multi-stable states. Additionally, we explore the effects of two levels of heterogeneity in HA excitations, namely amplitude heterogeneity and period heterogeneity, on VRC states. Amplitude heterogeneity can suppress the occurrence of VRC states, whereas period heterogeneity can promote their generation. This work provides valuable insights into complex system dynamics, enhancing our understanding of chimera states in neuronal models and their potential applications in neural networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective optimization for connected and automated truck platoon control with improved CACC model","authors":"Kexin Wang ,&nbsp;Xiang Wang ,&nbsp;Wenjuan E ,&nbsp;Mingdi Fan ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Tong","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Connected and Automated Truck Platoon (CATP) refers to a group of trucks traveling closely together with minimal spacing to improve fuel economy and safety. However, challenges arise from instability due to internal platoon factors and external traffic disturbances. This research presents an improved Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) model tailored for CATP to address these challenges. The model is designed to enhance safety, fuel efficiency, and traffic efficacy. The improvements of the proposed model are in two aspects: the optimizing of the time headway strategy and the dynamic parameter adjustments of controller based on multi-objectives. The Dynamic Safety Requirement Time Headway (DSRTH) strategy facilitates the timely detection of the accelerations of the leading vehicles within the platoon, enabling quick driving responses. Additionally, Model Predictive Control (MPC) enables dynamic calibration of Proportional-Derivative (PD) control parameters and issuance of velocity commands. Meanwhile, the integration of a second-order time-delay response model has been implemented to adapt to dynamic changes in commands. A transfer function has been established, and stability has been proven. To evaluate the model performance, simulation analysis was performed using real vehicle trajectories as the CATP following vehicles. The results indicate that the DSRTH strategy outperforms both the Constant Time Headway (CTH) and Variable Time Headway (VTH) strategies, allowing rear vehicles to reach the speed trough earlier, with response speeds improved by 3.1 % and 1.5 %, respectively. Compared to the Intelligent Driver Model (IDM) and CACC models, the improved CACC model achieves a steady state of constant acceleration sooner, with recovery times reduced by 17.7 % and 3.2 %. Additionally, compared to the IDM model, the improved CACC model can save 3.23 % in fuel consumption. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis indicates that as the CATP proportion and platoon size increase, there is a positive impact on traffic flow. However, when the platoon size exceeds 5 vehicles, it shows a negative impact on the stability of other vehicles in the traffic flow besides those in the CATP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern recognition of drying lysozyme–glucose droplets using machine learning classifiers","authors":"Anusuya Pal ,&nbsp;Miho Yanagisawa","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Out-of-equilibrium processes, such as sessile droplet drying, often result in distinctive macroscopic residual patterns in systems containing molecules, proteins, and colloids. Protein–glucose mixtures are particularly effective models for studying the behavior of complex fluids containing biomolecules. This study investigates the drying patterns of lysozyme droplets with varying initial glucose concentrations. Without glucose, the crack patterns are chaotic and dispersed throughout the droplet. Interestingly, cracks predominantly form around the droplet edges at intermediate glucose concentrations, while the deposits become uniform and crack-free at high glucose concentrations. To understand and classify the unique patterns related to the initial compositional changes, we developed an automated pattern recognition pipeline. We used two methods for analyzing images captured throughout the drying process. The first method involved extracting statistical textural parameters from the images as quantitative features for machine learning classifiers. The second method utilized a neural network-based classifier to directly classify the images, achieving an accuracy of 97%. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of using images from the entire drying process, not just the final images, for pattern classification. This approach may be useful in gaining a fundamental understanding of unique crack pattern that emerge when glucose is added to a protein solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing movement-specific resilience of a signalized road network under lane-level cascading failure","authors":"Guizhen Chen ,&nbsp;Tom Van Woensel ,&nbsp;Jinhua Xu ,&nbsp;Yikai Luo ,&nbsp;Yan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately assessing the resilience of the road network is crucial for responding to emergencies and enhancing public safety. Signal control plays a significant role in managing traffic flow. However, its impact is often overlooked in resilience assessments, where traffic flow and signal control are usually considered separately. A Movement-Specific Resilience (MSR) assessment model is proposed to integrate signal timing into resilience analysis. To accurately represent traffic flow paths under phase control, a dual graph is used to depict the topological network, allowing the assessment of relationships among all movements at an intersection. Based on this, a cascading failure model is developed to analyze the impact of signal control on traffic flow reassignment, reflecting how signal timing influences traffic flow propagation after failures. The method is validated using data collected from a sub-road network in Xi’an city. Results reveal the cumulative resilience of single lanes is not equivalent to the resilience of road segments. The MSR is higher when the network’s failure degree is low and decreases as the failure level increases. Furthermore, road saturation is inversely related to MSR, while MSR is proportional to capacity. MSR remains unaffected by failures and oversaturation when capacity exceeds a certain threshold. These insights could be a theoretical foundation for bolstering resilience via signal control adjustments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal adversarial Informer for highway vehicle lane-changing trajectory prediction","authors":"Changchang Che,&nbsp;Shici Luo,&nbsp;Wangyang Zong,&nbsp;Yuli Zhang,&nbsp;Helong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance the perception of vehicle trajectory information and lane-changing decision-making capabilities in intelligent connected vehicles during multivehicle interaction scenarios, we propose a novel method based on a Multimodal Adversarial Informer (MAI) for highway multivehicle lane-changingrajectory prediction. This method achieves spatiotemporal features of target and surrounding vehicles through graph learning of temporal features and spatial adjacency matrices. Considering the heading angle and vehicle local X-axis displacement, the vehicle trajectory samples are categorized for training and validation of the multimodal Informer. A multi-criterion discriminator is utilized to judge whether the generated trajectory fits the requirements of accuracy and rationality. After adversarial learning, the optimal vehicle lane-changing trajectory prediction is obtained using the proposed MAI. Experiments conducted with the NGSIM dataset demonstrate the comparative performance of baseline models on three different noise-added testing datasets using MAE, RMSE, and R² metrics. The MAI model consistently outperforms the others, achieving the lowest MAE and RMSE and the highest R² values across all datasets, indicating superior predictive accuracy and fit. Furthermore, the results show that the proposed MAI framework maintains a relatively low prediction error over both short-term and long-term horizons compared to baseline models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Black Swan Events on Ethereum blockchain ERC20 token transaction networks","authors":"Moturi Pradeep ,&nbsp;Uday Kumar Reddy Dyapa ,&nbsp;Sarika Jalan ,&nbsp;Priodyuti Pradhan","doi":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physa.2024.130129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ethereum blockchain and its ERC20 token standard have revolutionized the landscape of digital assets and decentralized applications. ERC20 tokens are programmable and interoperable tokens, enabling various applications and token economies. Transaction graphs, representing the flow of the value between wallets within the Ethereum network, have played a crucial role in understanding the system’s dynamics, such as token transfers and the behavior of traders. Here, we explore the evolution of daily transaction graphs of ERC20 token transactions, which sheds light on the trader’s behavior during the Black Swan Events – 2018 crypto crash and the COVID-19 pandemic. By using the tools from network science and differential geometry, we analyze 0.98 billion of ERC20 token transaction data from November 2015 to January 2023. Our analysis reveals an increase in diverse interaction among the traders and a greater adoption of ERC20 tokens in a maturing Ethereum ERC20 financial ecosystem after the Crypto Crash 2018 and the COVID-19 pandemic. Before the crash and the COVID-19 pandemic, most traders interacted with other traders in an isolated or restricted manner, with each trader focusing solely on either buying or selling activities. However, after the crash and during the pandemic, most traders diversely interacted among themselves by participating in both buying and selling activities. In addition, we observe no significant negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on user behavior in the financial ecosystem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20152,"journal":{"name":"Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","volume":"654 ","pages":"Article 130129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}