Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants最新文献

{"title":"Introgression of blast and bacterial blight disease resistance genes in a rice genotype ADT43 through marker assisted back cross breeding","authors":"C. A. Sowmiya, J. Ramalingam, R. Pushpam, D. Shoba, K. K. Kumar, M. Arumugam Pillai","doi":"10.1007/s12298-024-01461-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-024-01461-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bacterial Leaf Blight (<i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i>) and blast (<i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>) are the major biotic stresses around the rice-growing zones of the world. The development of resistant varieties through Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding is the utmost economical and eco-friendly method for achieving stable yield. Amongst the resistance genes recognized, <i>Xa21</i> and <i>Pi54</i> possess broad-spectrum resistance to many <i>Xoo</i> and blast strains around the world. In the present study, we have effectively introgressed a Bacterial Blight resistance gene (<i>Xa21</i>) and a blast resistance gene (<i>Pi54</i>) into susceptible variety ADT43 from RP-Bio-Patho-2 coupled with phenotypic selection for agronomic, cooking quality and grain traits through MABC. MABC was sustained till BC₂F₂ generation with specific markers pTA248 for <i>Xa21</i> and Pi54MAS for <i>Pi54</i> resistance genes. A set of SSR markers for parental polymorphism were utilized for maximum regaining of recurrent parent genome in each backcrossing. “Positive plants” from BC₂F₁ were selfed to generate BC₂F₂ and the homozygous lines for bacterial leaf blight and blast resistance genes were identified for further assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141504416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grafting based DNA methylation alteration of snoRNAs in upland cotton (Gossypium L.)","authors":"Mehmet Karaca, Ayse Gul Ince","doi":"10.1007/s12298-024-01469-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-024-01469-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of post-harvest drying period on the chemical composition of Zingiber zerumbet Sm. Rhizomes essential oil and its biological activities","authors":"A. Rawat, S. Kholiya, A. Chauhan, D. Srivastava, A. Pal, R. S. Verma, C. Chanotiya, R. Padalia","doi":"10.1007/s12298-024-01468-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-024-01468-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141372796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of hydroponics-based evaluation for phenotyping tolerance/susceptibility to the aphid, Uroleucon compositae and inheritance analysis of aphid tolerance in a global germplasm collection of Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower)","authors":"Sapna Rawat, Manu Agarwal, Shailendra Goel, Arun Jagannath","doi":"10.1007/s12298-024-01467-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-024-01467-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L. (Safflower) is an important oilseed crop that is cultivated globally. Aphids are a serious pest of safflower and cause significant yield losses of up to 80% due to their ability to multiply rapidly by parthenogenesis. In this study, we report the identification of an aphid-tolerant accession in safflower following screening of a representative global germplasm collection of 327 accessions from 37 countries. Field-based screening methods gave inconsistent and ambiguous results for aphid tolerance between natural and controlled infestation assays and required ~ 3 months for completion. Therefore, we used a rapid, high-throughput hydroponics-based assay system that allows phenotyping of aphid tolerance/susceptibility in a large number of plants in a limited area, significantly reduces the time required to ~ 45 days and avoids inconsistencies observed in field-based studies. We identified one accession out of the 327 tested germplasm lines that demonstrated aphid tolerance in field-based natural and controlled infestation studies and also using the hydroponics approach. Inheritance analysis of the trait was conducted using the hydroponics approach on F₁ and F₂ progeny generated from a cross between the tolerant and susceptible lines. Aphid-tolerance was observed to be a dominant trait governed by a single locus/gene that can be mobilized after mapping into cultivated varieties of safflower. The hydroponics-based assay described in this study would be very useful for studying the molecular mechanism of aphid-tolerance in safflower and can also be used for bioassays in several other crops that are amenable to hydroponics-based growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141258565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and functional analysis of a deduced geraniol synthase from Camphora officinarum","authors":"Jiexi Hou, Yuzhou Wu, Lei Lei, Yanbo Wang, Qingyan Ling, Jie Zhang, Jiao Zhao, Zhinong Jin, Haiyan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12298-024-01463-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-024-01463-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The market demand for essential oil containing citral is increasing. Our research group identified a rare chemotype of <i>Camphora officinarum</i> whose leaves are high in citral content by examining over 1000 wild trees across the entire native distribution area of <i>C. officinarum</i> in China. Because <i>C. officinarum</i> is suitable for large-scale cultivation, it is therefore seen as a promising source of natural citral. However, the molecular mechanism of citral biosynthesis in <i>C. officinarum</i> is poorly understood. In this study, transcriptomic analyses of <i>C. officinarum</i> with different citral contents revealed a strong positive correlation between the expression of a putative geraniol synthase gene (<i>CoGES</i>) and citral content. The <i>CoGES</i> cDNA was cloned, and the <i>CoGES</i> protein shared high similarity with other monoterpene synthases. Enzymatic assays of <i>CoGES</i> with geranyl diphosphate (GPP) as substrate yielded geraniol as the single product, which is the precursor of citral. Further transient expression of <i>CoGES</i> in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> resulted in a higher relative content of geranial and the appearance of a new substance, neral. These findings indicate that <i>CoGES</i> is a geraniol synthase-encoding gene, and the encoded protein can catalyze the transformation of GPP into geraniol, which is further converted into geranial and neral through an unknown mechanism<i> in vivo</i>. These findings expand our understanding of citral biosynthesis in Lauraceae plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141196154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of nitrate transporter 1/peptide transporter family (NPF) induced by arbuscular mycorrhiza in the maize genome","authors":"Qiang Xu, Yanping Wang, Wen Sun, Yuanhao Li, Yunjian Xu, Beijiu Cheng, Xiaoyu Li","doi":"10.1007/s12298-024-01464-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-024-01464-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Transporter 1/Peptide Transporter Family (NPF) is essential for the uptake and transport of nitrate nitrogen. Significant increases in nitrogen have been increasingly reported for many mycorrhizal plants, but there are few reports on maize. Here, we have identified the maize NPF family and screened for arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) induced NPFs. In this study, a systematic analysis of the maize NPF gene family was performed. A total of 82 NPF genes were identified in maize. <i>ZmNPF4.5</i> was strongly induced by AMF in both low and high nitrogen. <i>Lotus japonicus</i> hairy root-induced transformation experiments showed that <i>ZmNPF4.5</i> promoter-driven GUS activity was restricted to cells containing tufts. Yeast backfill experiments indicate that <i>ZmNPF4.5</i> functions in nitrate uptake. Therefore, we speculate that <i>ZmNPF4.5</i> is a key gene for nitrate-nitrogen uptake in maize through the mycorrhizal pathway. This is a reference value for further exploring the acquisition of nitrate-nitrogen by maize through AMF pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141196213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase: a succinct look","authors":"Pratishtha Vedalankar, Baishnab C. Tripathy","doi":"10.1007/s12298-024-01454-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-024-01454-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reducing protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) to chlorophyllide (Chlide) is a major regulatory step in the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway. This reaction is catalyzed by light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (LPOR) in oxygenic phototrophs, particularly angiosperms. LPOR-NADPH and Pchlide form a ternary complex to be efficiently photo-transformed to synthesize Chlide and, subsequently, chlorophyll during the transition from skotomorphogenesis to photomorphogenesis. Besides lipids, carotenoids and poly-cis xanthophylls influence the formation of the photoactive LPOR complexes and the PLBs. The crystal structure of LPOR reveals evolutionarily conserved cysteine residues implicated in the Pchlide binding and catalysis around the active site. Different isoforms of LPOR viz PORA, PORB, and PORC expressed at different stages of chloroplast development play a photoprotective role by quickly transforming the photosensitive Pchlide to Chlide. Non-photo-transformed Pchlide acts as a photosensitizer to generate singlet oxygen that causes oxidative stress and cell death. Therefore, different isoforms of LPOR have evolved and differentially expressed during plant development to protect plants from photodamage and thus play a pivotal role during photomorphogenesis. This review brings out the salient features of LPOR structure, structure–function relationships, and ultra-fast photo transformation of Pchlide to Chlide by oligomeric and polymeric forms of LPOR.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141173369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing faba bean wilt disease through intercropping with wheat and reasonable nitrogen application: enhancing nutrient absorption and biochemical resistance in faba beans","authors":"Bijie Hu, Yiran Zheng, Dongsheng Wang, Yuting Guo, Yan Dong","doi":"10.1007/s12298-024-01466-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-024-01466-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Faba bean wilt disease is a key factor limiting its production. Intercropping of faba bean with wheat has been adopted as a prevalent strategy to mitigate this disease. Nitrogen fertilizer improves faba bean yield, yet wilt disease imposes limitations. However, faba bean-wheat intercropping is effective in controlling wilt disease. To investigate the effect of intercropping under varying nitrogen levels on the incidence of faba bean wilt disease, nutrient uptake, and biochemical resistance in faba bean. Field and pot experiments were conducted in two cropping systems: faba bean monocropping (M) and faba bean-wheat intercropping (I). At four nitrogen levels, we assessed the incidence rate of wilt disease, quantified nutrient uptake, and evaluated biochemical resistance indices of plants. The application of N decreased the incidence rate of wilt disease, with the lowest reduction observed in intercropping at the N2 level. N application at levels N1, N2, and N3 enhanced the content of N, P, K, Fe, and Mn as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities and defense gene expression in monocultured plants. Additionally, these levels increased the contents of total phenols, flavonoids, soluble sugars, and soluble proteins, and all reached their maximum in intercropping at the N2 level. The application of intercropping and N effectively controlled the occurrence of faba bean wilt disease by promoting nutrient absorption, alleviating peroxidation stress, and enhancing resistance in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141169138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminium stress tolerance by Citrus plants: a consolidated review","authors":"Linthoingambi Ningombam, B. N. Hazarika, Yengkhom Disco Singh, Ram Preet Singh, Tabalique Yumkhaibam","doi":"10.1007/s12298-024-01457-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-024-01457-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aluminium, a metallic element abundant in soils as aluminosilicates minerals, poses a toxic threat to plants, particularly in acidic soil conditions, thereby affecting their growth and development. Given their adaptability to diverse soil and climate conditions, <i>Citrus</i> plants have gained significant attention regarding their tolerance to Aluminium toxicity. In the North-eastern region of India, where soils are often slightly acidic with elevated aluminium levels, <i>Citrus</i> species are predominantly found. Understanding the tolerance mechanisms of these <i>Citrus</i> fruits and screening wild <i>Citrus</i> species for their adaptability to abiotic stresses is crucial for enhancing fruit production. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that <i>Citrus</i> species exhibit remarkable tolerance to aluminium contamination, surpassing the typical threshold of 30% incidence. When cultivated in acidic soils, <i>Citrus</i> plants encounter restricted root growth and reduced nutrient and moisture uptake, leading to various nutrient deficiency symptoms. However, promisingly, certain <i>Citrus</i> species such as <i>Citrus jambhiri</i> (Rough lemon), <i>Poncirus trifoliata</i>, <i>Citrus sinensis</i>, and <i>Citrus grandis</i> have shown considerable aluminium tolerance. This comprehensive review delves into the subject of aluminium toxicity and its implications, while also shedding light on the mechanisms through which <i>Citrus</i> plants develop tolerance to this element.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141168905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and function identification of senescence-associated genes under continuous drought treatment in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves","authors":"You-Mei Li, Xuan-Si Tang, Meng-Hao Sun, Hong-Xing Zhang, Zhao-Sen Xie","doi":"10.1007/s12298-024-01465-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-024-01465-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Natural leaf senescence is critical for plant fitness. Drought-induced premature leaf senescence affects grape yield and quality. However, reports on the regulatory mechanisms underlying premature leaf senescence under drought stress are limited. In this study, two-year-old potted ‘Muscat Hamburg’ grape plants were subjected to continuous natural drought treatment until mature leaves exhibited senescence symptoms. Physiological and biochemical indices related to drought stress and senescence were monitored. Transcriptome and transgenic Arabidopsis were used to perform expression analyses and functional identification of drought-induced senescence-associated genes. Twelve days of continuous drought stress was sufficient to cause various physiological disruptions and visible senescence symptoms in mature ‘Muscat Hamburg’ leaves. These disruptions included malondialdehyde and H₂O₂ accumulation, and decreased catalase activity and chlorophyll (Chl) levels. Transcriptome analysis revealed that most genes involved in photosynthesis and Chl synthesis were downregulated after 12 d of drought treatment. Three key Chl catabolic genes (<i>SGR</i>, <i>NYC1</i>, and <i>PAO</i>) were significantly upregulated. Overexpression of <i>VvSGR</i> in wild Arabidopsis further confirmed that <i>SGR</i> directly promoted early yellowing of cotyledons and leaves. In addition, drought treatment decreased expression of gibberellic acid signaling repressors (<i>GAI</i> and <i>GAI1</i>) and cytokinin signal components (<i>AHK4, AHK2, RR22, RR9-1</i>, <i>RR9-2</i>, <i>RR6,</i> and <i>RR4</i>) but significantly increased the expression of abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid signaling components and responsive transcription factors (<i>bZIP40/ABF2</i>, <i>WRKY54/75/70</i>, <i>ANAC019</i>, and <i>MYC2</i>). Moreover, some NAC members (<i>NAC0002</i>, <i>NAC019</i>, and <i>NAC048</i>) may also be drought-induced senescence-associated genes. These results provide extensive information on candidate genes involved in drought-induced senescence in grape leaves.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}