Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants最新文献

{"title":"Integrated hormonal and abiotic elicitation enhances vinblastine and vincristine biosynthesis in <i>Catharanthus roseus</i>.","authors":"Abdur Rahim, Md Shakil Rahman Shoagh, Anika Tasnim Khan Mim, Rifah Tasnia, Md Sulaiman Ali, Baishakhi Roy, Md Badrul Islam, Mohammad Saiful Islam, Amit Kumar Dutta, Rezaul Karim, M Nasiruddin","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01802-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01802-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Catharanthus roseus</i> is the sole natural source of the anticancer bisindole alkaloids vinblastine and vincristine, but leaf yields are intrinsically low. This study evaluated whether targeted in vitro and in vivo elicitation could enhance alkaloid accumulation and whether these changes were associated with selected physiological stress markers and with responses of terpenoid indole alkaloid-related transcripts. Microplants and calli were cultured on Murashige-Skoog medium; pot-grown plants received sodium chloride (NaCl), salicylic acid (10⁻⁵ M), methyl jasmonate (MeJA; 500 µM), ultraviolet-B (UV-B), or MeJA plus UV-B under controlled pot-culture conditions. Vinblastine and vincristine were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography; hydrogen peroxide, electrolyte leakage, proline, ascorbate, and chlorophyll were assayed; and transcript levels of strictosidine synthase (<i>CrSTR</i>), tryptophan decarboxylase (<i>CrTDC</i>), and deacetylvindoline O-acetyltransferase (<i>CrDAT</i>) were measured by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. Elicitation significantly altered alkaloid accumulation (<i>p</i> < 0.001): callus formation/NaCl treatment 8 (CFNT8) reached 11.44 µg g⁻¹ dry weight (DW) vinblastine and 23.35 µg g⁻¹ DW vincristine. In the selected follow-up subset, high-alkaloid treatments were associated with higher hydrogen peroxide (2.41 µmol g⁻¹), electrolyte leakage (0.44 µS cm⁻¹ g⁻¹), proline (96 µg g⁻¹), and ascorbate (26.14 mg g⁻¹), lower chlorophyll, and increased <i>CrSTR</i> (14.3-fold), <i>CrTDC</i> (5.1-fold), and <i>CrDAT</i> (24.1-fold) transcript abundance. Exploratory principal component analysis explained 88.85% of the variance and indicated clustering of stress/antioxidant, transcript, and alkaloid traits. Because this analysis used a limited targeted subset, these patterns are interpreted as hypothesis-generating. The findings identify CFNT8 and selected UV-B/MeJA-responsive treatments as useful conditions for future validation of elicitation timing in <i>C. roseus</i>.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01802-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2273-2288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haplotype diversity at <i>Wx</i> and <i>ALK</i> loci explains starch quality in temperate rice landraces of Kashmir Valley.","authors":"Shafia Zaffer, V Shasi Kiran Reddy, Raheel Shafeeq Khan, Noor- Ul-Ain, Najeeb-Ul-Rehman Sofi, Gazala H Khan, Anuprita Ray, Asif Bashir Shikari","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01823-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01823-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice kernel quality signifies cooking characteristics and ultimately determines consumer preferences. Two key genes, <i>Wx</i> (Waxy) and <i>ALK (Alkali degeneration),</i> play a crucial role in determining amylose content and gelatinization temperature, respectively. So, studying allelic variations at two of these loci is vital for designing breeding strategies aimed at enhancement of rice quality. We previously reported on the rich rice germplasm diversity panel native to temperate Kashmir Himalayas, comprising <i>japonica, indica</i> and the derivatives. However, the information regarding functional gene-based polymorphism underlying starch properties has not been generated on the said panel. Therefore, we performed the genotyping of 470 rice germplasm accessions using uniplex Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers. Subsequently, a subset of 36 genotypes was subjected to whole-genome re-sequencing to study <i>Wx</i> and <i>ALK</i> loci. The local landraces were found to carry <i>Wx</i> ^<i>in</i> and <i>Wx</i> ^<i>lv</i> alleles, whereas <i>Wx</i> ^<i>a</i> was prevalent in other ruling varieties of the region. Analysis of the RM190 microsatellite locus, which harbours a (CT)_n repeat polymorphism linked to amylose content, revealed a motif repeat variation ranging between (CT)₇ to (CT)₁₉. <i>ALK</i> ^<i>c</i> allele was widely distributed across both the landraces and bred varieties. The phenotypic values for amylose content and alkali degeneration of the lines corresponded with varied allelic distribution patterns at <i>Wx</i> and <i>ALK</i> loci. The information generated can be utilized for future breeding programs aimed at quality improvement in high-altitude temperate rice.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01823-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2357-2372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses reveal the mechanisms by which light intensity affects flowering traits and secondary metabolism in <i>Dendrobium denneanum</i>.","authors":"Hui Wang, Siyu He, Yijun Fan, Ting Li, Linlong Xu, Jie Ma, Junlan Wu, Haolin Liu, XuYang Liu, ChunHong Mou, Meng Zhao, Li Chen, Liangjie Zhu, Le Zeng, Aoxue Luo","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01815-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01815-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Dendrobium denneanum</i>, valued for its ornamental and medicinal properties, exhibits significant regulation of flowering and secondary metabolism by light intensity. This study employed physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses to compare the regulatory effects of five light intensity gradients (50, 100, 200, 400, and 600 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹) on flowering traits and secondary metabolism in <i>D. denneanum</i> at different developmental stages. Results demonstrated that 400 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹ markedly promoted flower organ growth, extending the flowering period, increasing the flowering rate, and enhancing flower color saturation, while simultaneously improving photosynthetic capacity and secondary metabolite accumulation. Notably, the regulatory effects of light intensity on floral morphological traits were most pronounced during the full blooming stage (S2), when flowers exhibited the greatest improvements in organ expansion, pigmentation, and bioactive compound accumulation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that this light intensity upregulated photosynthetic light-harvesting processes and regulated carbon metabolism, optimizing light energy utilization and carbon flux to support flower development and flavonoid synthesis. Genes in the phenylpropanoid/flavonoid pathway were significantly upregulated, likely serving as key genes of flower coloration and medicinal component accumulation. Additionally, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway suppressed stress-related genes and upregulated growth-related genes, promoting stomatal development and maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance to enhance stress tolerance.The transcriptomic results were further validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). These findings highlight how 400 µmol m⁻² s⁻¹ optimizes photosynthetic efficiency, metabolic redirection, and growth-stress equilibrium, offering novel insights into light-mediated regulatory mechanisms in Orchidaceae plants and a foundation for precision cultivation strategies.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01815-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2173-2193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring cytotoxicity and molecular-level responses to green-synthesized selenium nanoparticles in <i>Vicia faba</i>.","authors":"Rehab M Rizk, Ayman S Elmezayyen, Horeyah Mohammed Almadani, Mohamed A Abdein, Tarek M Abdelghany, Suzan M Hussien","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01817-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01817-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are widely used in biomedical and commercial applications due to their remarkable biological activities and cytotoxic properties. In this study, <i>Streptomyces albidoflavus</i> SH90, isolated from a ferric mine, was used to biosynthesize SeNPs from sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃). The synthesized SeNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed spherical SeNPs with a mean diameter of approximately 100 nm. SeNP production was optimized using the Plackett-Burman design (PBD) and Central Composite Design (CCD). The cytological effects and chromosomal alterations induced by SeNPs were evaluated in <i>Vicia faba</i>. All applied concentrations of SeNPs increased the mitotic index (MI), phase index (PI), and the frequency of different types of chromosomal aberrations observed during both interphase (non-dividing cells) and mitotic stages after 24 h of exposure. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed protein polymorphism among <i>V. faba</i> samples treated with five different SeNPs concentrations, with 13 protein bands detected having molecular weights ranging from 15 to 197 kDa. Polymorphism information content (PIC) analysis showed that the SCoT marker system (PIC = 0.63) was more informative than the ISSR marker system (PIC = 0.18). Furthermore, both ISSR and SCoT analyses revealed greater genetic variation and significant genetic differentiation among the SeNP-treated <i>V. faba</i> samples compared to the control.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2289-2308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic history, spatiotemporal genetic structure and climate vulnerability of <i>Shorea robusta</i>: a keystone species of moist deciduous forest in India.","authors":"Rajendra K Meena, Maneesh S Bhandari, Swathi Balakrishnan, Nitika Sharma, Haripriya Kavidayal, Shivani Rohilla, Garima Mishra, Santan Barthwal, Harish S Ginwal","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01822-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01822-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Shorea robusta&lt;/i&gt;, a dominant tree species of tropical moist deciduous forests, is of considerable ecological and economic importance but is increasingly threatened by habitat fragmentation, poor regeneration, land-use change, and climate change, and is consequently classified as \"Near Threatened\" in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List (2025). However, comprehensive information on its genetic diversity, population structure, demographic history, and historical distribution remains limited across its broad natural range. The present study assessed population genetic diversity and structure using 10 species-specific genomic simple sequence repeat markers in 507 individuals representing 18 populations distributed across the Shivalik hills, Terai, Bundelkhand, and Vindhyan regions of India. The populations exhibited high genetic diversity, with mean expected and observed heterozygosity of 0.761 and 0.585, respectively. Moderate genetic differentiation (F&lt;sub&gt;ST&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.116) coupled with relatively high gene flow (Nm = 1.906), indicated substantial genetic connectivity among populations. Bayesian STRUCTURE analysis identified two major genetic clusters, which were also supported by the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean and Principal Coordinate Analysis. Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components further revealed higher-order genetic structuring, suggesting finer-scale differentiation within the two genetic clusters. Mantel and partial Mantel analyses indicated that geographic distance, rather than environmental heterogeneity, was the principal determinant of contemporary genetic structure. Bottleneck analysis suggested recent demographic expansion in most populations, whereas a recent bottleneck was detected only in the GIR population. Ecological niche modelling identified mean temperature of the wettest quarter and precipitation of the driest quarter as the principal bioclimatic determinants of &lt;i&gt;S. robusta&lt;/i&gt; distribution. The predicted distribution map indicated a marked northward and upslope contraction of suitable habitat, potentially increasing the vulnerability of populations in the northern plains. In contrast, the Terai region and Shivalik hills along north and northeastern India showed relatively stable climatic suitability from the Last Glacial Maximum to the present, highlighting their possible role as climatic refugia. Overall, &lt;i&gt;S. robusta&lt;/i&gt; has retained substantial genetic diversity and connectivity despite historical climatic fluctuations and contemporary habitat fragmentation. Conservation should therefore prioritize both major genetic clusters and climatically stable refugial populations. Integration of landscape genomics, genotype-environment association analyses, and niche modelling will further facilitate identification of climate-adaptive variation and development of climate-resilient conservation strategies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Supplementary information: &lt;/strong&gt;The o","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2337-2355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of arsenic transporters across growth stages determines arsenic accumulation in rice cultivars.","authors":"Rubina Khanam, Mohammad Shahid, Pedda Ghouse Peera Sheikh Kulsum, Parameswaran Chidambaranathan, Sudhakar Srivastava, Soumyasesh Maity, Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman, Jayanta Kumar Biswas, Sushmita Munda, Raj Kishore Sahoo, Sanghamitra Samantray, Amaresh Kumar Nayak","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01819-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01819-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arsenic (As) contamination in rice poses a serious concern, particularly in South and Southeast Asia, where rice is the primary staple food. Therefore, it is critical to understand As uptake mechanisms across growth stages and varieties to minimize As in grains. This study investigated the dynamics of transporters involved in arsenite [As (III)] (<i>OsLSi1</i> and <i>OsLSi6</i>) and arsenate [As (V)] (<i>OsPT1</i>, <i>OsLSi2</i>, and <i>OsPT2</i>) translocation and vacuolar sequestration (<i>OsABCC1</i>) in two rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) varieties with distinct genetic and physiological traits (<i>Shatabdi</i> and <i>Rajalaxmi)</i>, across six stages from seedling to maturity. <i>OsLSi1</i> and <i>OsPT1</i> were upregulated at the vegetative stage, peaking at the jointing stage in <i>Shatabdi</i> (2^-ΔΔCt = 127.35) and at the heading stage in <i>Rajalaxmi</i> (2^-ΔΔCt = 274.2). Consequently, total As accumulation was promoted into roots, resulting in the highest As concentrations, with 18.6 and 23.8 mg kg⁻¹ in <i>Shatabdi</i> and <i>Rajalaxmi</i>, respectively at these stages. Furthermore, <i>OsLSi2</i>, <i>OsLSi6</i> and <i>OsPT2</i> expression increased sharply (150.6, 99.0, and 404.0%, respectively) from jointing to heading stage and dropped suddenly at dough stage in <i>Shatabdi.</i> In contrast, <i>Rajalaxmi</i> exhibited a gradual increase in transporter expression from jointing to the dough stage. Speciation analysis showed [As (V)] as the predominant form in grains, accounting for 39.8 and 42% of total As in <i>Shatabdi</i> and <i>Rajalaxmi</i>, respectively. The jointing and dough stages were critical for As accumulation in <i>Shatabdi</i> and <i>Rajalaxmi</i>, <i>respectively</i>. These findings indicate that stage-targeted irrigation and nutrient management during the critical accumulation stages can reduce As in rice grains.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01819-y.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2229-2240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>MhWRKY46</i> gene as a positive regulator under iron deficiency stress in <i>Malus halliana</i>.","authors":"Donghai Zhang, Zhongxing Zhang, Xiao Ya Wang, Wen Bing Zhao, Juanli Li, Yanxiu Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01791-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01791-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>WRKY transcription factors play critical roles in plant hormone signaling and in responses to various abiotic and biotic stresses. However, research on the relationship between WRKY transcription factors and iron deficiency in apple trees is limited. This study adopted real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to detect WRKY gene expression in <i>Malus halliana</i>. The results revealed that the <i>MhWRKY46</i> gene exhibited the highest expression level in response to iron deficiency stress. Furthermore, the precise regulatory mechanisms governing its role in iron deficiency stress are not yet fully elucidated. Accordingly, <i>MhWRKY46</i> was selected for subsequent functional verification. Transgenic <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> plants overexpressing the <i>MhWRKY46</i> gene demonstrated improved tolerance to iron deficiency stress. Additionally, overexpression in apple calli significantly enhanced growth under iron-deficient conditions compared with wild type. Physiological measurements indicated that the overexpression of the <i>MhWRKY46</i> gene not only enhanced the tolerance of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> to iron deficiency stress by promoting chlorophyll production, but also increased the resilience of apple calli to iron deficiency by lowering pH levels, enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and increasing iron content. In conclusion,the overexpression of the <i>MhWRKY46</i> gene significantly improved the tolerance of both <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> and apple calli to iron deficiency stress.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01791-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2159-2172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of <i>LsSLR1</i> gene in <i>Leymus secalinus</i> and validation of its function in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.","authors":"Jialin Li, Xin Zhang, Yanjun Miao, Di Zhao, Xueru Feng, Hongmei Li, Wenxing He","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01821-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01821-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Leymus secalinus</i> is a rhizomatous perennial high-quality gramineous forage that expands its habitat and adjusts its ecological niche through underground rhizome differentiation. Rhizomes are its strategy to adapt to drought, salinity and other adversities, and have important ecological and breeding value. Although tillering regulation has been well studied in gramineous crops, the molecular mechanisms underlying rhizome differentiation in forage grasses remain largely unexplored, hindering molecular breeding for stress tolerance. This study cloned a growth-related gene <i>LsSLR1</i> (SLENDER RICE1) from <i>L. secalinus</i> and characterized its biological function. <i>LsSLR1</i> encodes a DELLA subfamily protein of the GRAS (GIBBERELLIC ACID INSENSITIVE/REPRESSOR OF GA1-3/SCARECROW) transcription factor family, and shows the closest sequence homology to <i>PhSLR1</i>. LsSLR1 showed nuclear-cytoplasmic dual localization and high expression in leaves, as well as in upward and horizontal rhizome apical buds, suggesting a potential association with rhizome development. Overexpression of <i>LsSLR1</i> in <i>Arabidopsis</i> altered GA feedback gene expression, promoted lateral root formation and branching, and shortened the growth cycle. Overexpression of <i>LsSLR1</i> also enhanced the tolerance of transgenic lines to salt stress, drought stress and abscisic acid (ABA) stress. This study preliminarily characterized the potential roles of <i>LsSLR1</i> in plant growth and provided preliminary evidence for its stress-related functions via multiple experimental approaches. These findings provide a theoretical basis for understanding rhizome tillering regulation in <i>L. secalinus</i> and offer new insights into the evolution of tillering traits in gramineous plants, with implications for forage molecular breeding.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01821-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2241-2255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675161/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unified appraisal of fibre yield and quality in <i>Corchorus capsularis</i> through anatomical, biochemical and genetic approaches.","authors":"Sourav Hazari, Sri Sai Subramanyam Dash, Shouvik Gorai, Md Nasim Ali, Krishnendu Pramanik, Amrita Kumari, Sabyasachi Mitra, Anita Roy","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01808-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01808-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The white jute or <i>C. capsularis</i> yields ligno-cellulosic fibers with exceptional fineness, making them an indispensable commodity of many industrial sectors. However, quality assessments remain a complex issue in plant selection. The present study aimed to discover high-yielding and fine-fibre producing white jute cultivars from a broad panel, using morphological and anatomical features feasible for indirect selection. Analysis of variances revealed substantial variations across the genotypes for all assessed yield and ancillary traits both for morphological and anatomical traits (features of bark like fiber bundles/wedges, fiber bundle area, and lumen area) forms the basis of this study. Apart from the anatomical traits biochemical context like the lignin content, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) activity showed notable variations across the genotypes being assessed showing clear correlation with the strength and fineness of the fibers. The increased expression of the genes PAL, CAD, and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) in the BCCC 127 genotype compared to its fine fibre-producing counterpart (CIN 115) indicates that these enzymes facilitate for a crucial role in generating differences in fiber quality. The present study identified high-fibre yielding genotypes (BCCC 107, BCCC 102, and CIN 134) as well as genotypes that produce fine-fibre (CIN 123, CIN 115, CIN 86, and CIN 119). These findings will not only contribute to the improvement of fibre quality in future breeding materials, but also address the need for a superior white jute cultivar that can be efficiently utilized in industrial applications.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01808-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2319-2335"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular, spatio-temporal, and functional characterisation of <i>SOC1-like</i> genes in banana using Arabidopsis as a heterologous system.","authors":"Nur Fatin Husna Mohd Yunos, Aisyafaznim Al-Idrus, Najiah Mohd Sadali, Nur Ardiyana Rejab","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01820-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01820-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Suppressor of Overexpression of Constans 1 (SOC1), a MADS box transcription factor is a flowering integrators that orchestrates the transition of a plant from the vegetative phase to the flowering phase. This flowering integrator was isolated from banana, and the spatio-temporal expression of three <i>MaSOC1-like</i> gene homologues denoted as <i>MaSOC1-1</i>, <i>MaSOC1-2</i>, and <i>MaSOC1-3</i> was examined. Structural analysis of <i>MaSOC1-like</i> homologues revealed a conserved gene structure, including the number of introns and exons. This is consistent with the structure of <i>SOC1</i> homologues from other plant species and is a characteristic of type II MADS MIKC^c proteins. The spatio-temporal analysis indicated that the three homologues have a general upward trend in the expression from the keiki (sucker) stage to the flowering stage, but their expression varied across different organs at the flowering stage. Compared to leaf tissues, <i>MaSOC1-1</i> and <i>MaSOC1-2</i> exhibited higher mean of expression levels in inflorescence tissues (3.5 fold and 3.3 fold respectively), while <i>MaSOC1-3</i> was predominantly expressed in root tissues (4.4 fold). When <i>MaSOC1-2</i> was overexpressed in wild-type (WT) <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, an early flowering phenotype was observed, suggesting that <i>MaSOC1-2</i> has the capacity to promote floral transition.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01820-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2257-2271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}