Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants最新文献

{"title":"α-galactosidase-mediated raffinose turnover regulates carbon allocation and vascular patterning of roots during chickpea germination.","authors":"J J Jenisha, Marcus Samuel, Rex Arunraj","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01829-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01829-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alpha-galactosidase is a hydrolytic enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), releasing sucrose and galactose for metabolism during germination, development, and under stress. In chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.), RFOs serve as important carbohydrate reserves that support energy supply, phloem transport, and cell wall biosynthesis. This study investigates the effects of deoxygalactonojirimycin (DGJ), a known inhibitor of α-galactosidase, on root anatomy, sugar dynamics, and gene expression to elucidate its role in root development. DGJ-treated chickpea seeds resulted in reduced germination and root elongation. Anatomical analysis exhibited a decrease in root diameter, root cortex area, and vascular bundle area and a reduced number of metaxylem vessels with a difference in the architecture of the vascular bundle. From the sugar profile it is highlighted that RFO accumulated in the developing root tissues, reducing the sucrose and reducing sugar availability. This substantiated that α-galactosidase plays a crucial role in carbohydrate mobilization, vascular patterning, and root tissue development. Furthermore, DGJ-induced sugar stress triggered tissue-specific upregulation of α-galactosidase isogenes across both vascular and non-vascular root tissues, suggesting a coordinated transcriptional response to help restore sugar homeostasis. Collectively, this study uncovered that α-galactosidase plays a key role in the mobilization of RFOs during germination for the early root development.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01829-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2309-2318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stimulation of growth in <i>Piper betle</i> L. via induced systemic resistance (ISR) under combined pathogenic stress through priming of Jasmonic acid.","authors":"Sandeep Kumar Chaurasia, Chinmayee Acharya, Jitendra Kumar Pandey","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01816-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01816-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant tolerance to biotic stress is significantly regulated by Jasmonic Acid (JA), which orchestrates induced systemic resistance (ISR) through synergistic signaling pathways. This study evaluates the efficacy of exogenous JA priming in conferring resistance to <i>Piper betle</i> L. against a broad spectrum of pathogens, including <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i>, <i>Colletotrichum piperis</i>, <i>Fusarium semitectum</i>, and <i>Phytophthora parasitica</i>. Experimental groups comprised a uninfected-untreated control (N), a pathogen-infected control (P), and a JA-primed infected group (T3). Our findings demonstrate that JA treatment significantly mitigates pathogenic damage by restoring morphological integrity, including leaf turgidity and stomatal architecture, which were severely compromised in the P group. Quantitatively, T3 plants exhibited superior physiological performance, with significantly higher relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll, and carotenoid levels compared to both N and P groups. Biochemical profiling revealed that JA priming suppressed oxidative stress markers, specifically reducing electrolyte leakage, H₂O₂ accumulation, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content to near-basal levels. Simultaneously, JA significantly enhanced the antioxidant defense system, as evidenced by elevated levels of proline, glutathione, ascorbic acid, and total protein. Transcriptome analysis further elucidated the molecular basis of this resistance, revealing a robust upregulation of ISR-related, growth-regulating, and metabolic genes in T3 leaves. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) confirmed a strong positive correlation between ISR traits and biomass accumulation. Furthermore, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses highlighted the optimization of defense-priming pathways and the strategic downregulation of redundant metabolic genes in JA-primed plants validated by metabolic profiling using GCMS analysis. Collectively, these results establish JA priming as a potent strategy for enhancing broad-spectrum immunity and growth vigor in <i>P. betle</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2373-2393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing double-stranded RNA therapy targeting coat protein (CP), helper component-protease (HC-Pro) and viral protein genome-linked (VPg) for controlling chilli veinal mottle virus in <i>Capsicum chinense</i> cv. Umorok.","authors":"Oinam Priyoda Devi, Redina Sapam, Keithellakpam Sanatombi, Pooja Bhardwaj, Malyaj R Prajapati, Akoijam Ratankumar Singh, Amalendu Ghosh, Nitika Gupta, Susheel Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01814-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01814-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chilli is an economically and culturally important crop, particularly in Northeast India, where indigenous cultivars such as <i>Capsicum chinense</i> cv. Umorok support smallholder livelihoods and regional agrobiodiversity. However, its productivity is severely constrained by viral diseases, among which chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) is a major limiting factor. Conventional management strategies are largely ineffective, often relying on chemical inputs that pose environmental risks and fail to provide durable protection, especially under mixed infection scenarios. RNA interference, mediated by double-stranded RNA, offers a highly specific, environmentally safe, eco-friendly pest management alternative, adaptable to targeting essential viral genes. The present study evaluates the efficacy of exogenously applied dsRNAs targeting key genes of ChiVMV: coat protein, helper component-protease and viral protein genome-linked, in suppressing viral infection. dsRNAs were produced using the <i>E. coli</i> HT115(DE3) expression system, yielding 10-15 mg/mL of purified product. Disease progression was assessed across three greenhouse trials using a 0-4 disease rating scale, with disease severity index ranging from 25 to 75%. All dsRNA treatments significantly reduced viral RNA accumulation and delayed symptom development compared to untreated controls. The multitarget construct (dsTotal) exhibited the highest antiviral efficacy, maintaining substantially lower viral loads (8.79-fold change) relative to controls (1761.32-fold) at 20 days post-treatment. This enhanced performance is attributed to the simultaneous disruption of viral replication, suppression of host RNA silencing, and virion assembly. These findings demonstrate that multi-gene dsRNA-based RNAi provides a robust and sustainable strategy for managing ChiVMV, highlighting its potential as a superior alternative to conventional approaches for virus control in chilli cultivation.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01814-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2395-2407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron biofortification and increased resistance level to leaf rust of spring wheat lines by mutation of vacuolar iron transporters, VIT.","authors":"Aizhan Beisenova, Saule Kenzhebayeva, Alfia Abekova, Saule Atabayeva, Nargul Omirbekova, Ludmila Ignatova, Aigul Amirova, Adel Rsatayeva, Albrecht Serfling","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01812-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01812-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leaf rust (LR), caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus <i>Puccinia triticina</i> Eriks., is a major disease threatening wheat productivity and grain nutritional quality worldwide. This study evaluated advanced M₄ mutant lines of spring wheat generated by gamma irradiation (250-350 Gy) of cv. Kazakhstanskaya-10 to investigate the relationship between LR resistance and vacuolar iron (Fe) transport. Phenotypic and semi-quantitative histological analyses identified highly resistant mutant lines exhibiting both seedling and adult-plant resistance. Resistant genotypes displayed an early pre-haustorial hypersensitive response that was absent in the susceptible wild-type. Gene-targeted sequence analysis of the <i>TaVIT4-D</i> vacuolar iron transporter locus (XM_044518495.1) revealed a polymorphism-rich region characterized by an elevated frequency of transition and transversion events. Transmembrane topology prediction and hydropathy analyses indicated that several non-synonymous, charge-altering amino-acid substitutions were localized within predicted cytosolic Fe-binding regions between TMH2 and TMH3, altering local physicochemical properties while preserving the overall transmembrane architecture. These mutations were associated with increased grain Fe accumulation, with the most resistant mutant line exhibiting a 2.11-fold increase in grain Fe concentration relative to the wild-type. Collectively, the findings support a potential role of <i>TaVIT4-D</i> variation in coordinating LR resistance and grain Fe accumulation and are consistent with a model involving Fe-withholding nutritional immunity and oxidative defense. The results suggest that induced mutagenesis affecting<i>TaVIT4-D</i> may represent a promising non-transgenic strategy for improving both disease resistance and grain micronutrient content in wheat.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01812-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2195-2211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced auxin and cytokinin signalling gene expression associated with improved organogenesis in platinum nanoparticle-treated <i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.","authors":"Davis Megha, Subramaniyan Rajalakshmi, Senguttuvan Vignesh, Markandan Manickavasagam","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01818-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01818-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) were evaluated for their role in enhancing in vitro regeneration and phytohormone-related gene expression for the first time in <i>Cicer arietinum</i>. PtNPs were synthesised using pectin and characterised by various analytical techniques. Multiple shoot cultures were achieved from half-seed explants cultured on MS medium with 1 mg L^-1 zeatin (ZT). Various concentrations of PtNPs (15-60 µg L^-1) with 1 mg L^-1 ZT were tested to evaluate their effect on <i>C. arietinum</i> shoot multiplication. The maximum regenerative response (96.66 ± 0.57%), shoot proliferation (20.23 ± 0.11), and shoot length (5.42 ± 1.12) were observed from cultures maintained on MS medium with 30 µg L^-1 PtNPs. After shoot regeneration, rooting was induced using 1.5 mg L^-1 Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The highest rooting response (95.00 ± 0.57%), root count (16.53 ± 0.11), and root length (6.14 ± 0.02) were recorded on MS medium amended with 1.5 mg L^-1 IBA and 30 µg L^-1 PtNPs. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis revealed increased expression of cytokinin-related genes, namely <i>LONELY GUY</i>-<i>Like10</i> (<i>LOGL10;</i>7.32-fold) and <i>LONELY GUY</i>-<i>Like1</i> (<i>LOGL1</i>; 3.70-fold), along with auxin-related genes, <i>AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR18</i> (<i>ARF18</i>; 2.37-fold) and <i>SMALL AUXIN-UP RNA32</i> (<i>SAUR32</i>; 2.58-fold), following treatment with 30 µg L^-1 PtNPs. Genetic stability of the regenerated <i>C. arietinum</i> plantlets, assessed using RAPD and ISSR markers, revealed no detectable polymorphism. These findings suggest that biosynthesised PtNPs can enhance regeneration efficiency and are associated with changes in the expression of selected cytokinin and auxin-related genes in <i>C. arietinum</i>, highlighting their promising application in plant tissue culture.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 10","pages":"2213-2228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>NtGCN2</i> is associated with multilayer cadmium tolerance in tobacco via coordinated transcriptional changes in growth, antioxidant, and detoxification pathways.","authors":"Xiaotian Shi, Ke Zhang, Songjie Zhang, Chong Chen, Manman Zhang, Hongbo Du, Xiaoquan Zhang, Yongxia Yang, Jiao Du, Ning Li, Songtao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01776-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01776-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cadmium (Cd) severely inhibits plant growth. While our previous physiological study established that the protein kinase gene <i>NtGCN2</i> enhances Cd tolerance in tobacco, the underlying molecular mechanisms remained unknown. Here, we conducted comparative transcriptomic profiling of <i>NtGCN2</i>-overexpressing, <i>NtGCN2</i>-silenced, and K326 under Cd stress to bridge this molecular gap. Critically, our analysis moves beyond confirming known physiological phenotypes (e.g., enhanced antioxidant activity) to reveal the unexpected and multi-layered transcriptional logic orchestrated by <i>NtGCN2</i>. We discovered that <i>NtGCN2</i> expression correlates with a coordinated transcriptional program that simultaneously (1) preserves glutathione pools by downregulating the glutathione-degrading enzyme <i>Chac2</i>-a previously unrecognized mechanism supporting both ROS scavenging and phytochelatin synthesis; (2) restructures cell wall architecture via coordinated upregulation of cellulose (<i>CSLG2</i>) and pectin-modifying (<i>PME45</i>) genes alongside suppression of a lignin inhibitor (<i>SCL14</i>); (3) sustains nitrogen assimilation by upregulating nitrate transporters (<i>NPF8.1</i>, <i>NRT2.5</i>) and reductase (<i>NIA</i>); and (4) orchestrates multilayered Cd detoxification including uptake suppression (<i>bHLH37</i>↓), chelation (<i>PCS1</i>↑), and vacuolar sequestration (<i>HIPPs</i>, <i>CAX6</i>↑). WGCNA further identified co‑expression modules correlated with Cd tolerance traits, and hub genes independently supported the DEG‑based findings. These findings suggest that <i>NtGCN2</i> is associated with a putative transcriptional hub that may integrate growth, metabolism, and detoxification pathways, providing candidate genes and a testable framework for future functional validation. We provide a mechanistic model and a rich set of candidate genes for engineering heavy metal tolerance in crops.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01776-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 9","pages":"1975-1992"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13526745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dual role of polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress in <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> (Bertoni): growth reduction and integrated physiological, biochemical, and steviol glycoside responses.","authors":"Shafiq Hussain, Mehran Ali, Muhammad Zahid, Simone Ribeiro Lucho, Caroline Dambroz, Joyce Dória","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01807-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01807-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> Bertoni is a globally recognized natural sweetener owing to its zero-calorie steviol glycosides (SGs). However, drought stress, one of the leading abiotic constraints to crop productivity, adversely affects stevia growth and development, while simultaneously altering its biochemical composition. This review highlights the impact of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought stress on stevia, with particular emphasis on agronomic traits, metabolites, antioxidant activities, and SGs biosynthesis. PEG-mediated stress reduces key growth parameters, such as plant height, biomass, and leaf area, but in some cases, it promotes root elongation as an adaptive strategy to optimize water uptake. Such alterations are accompanied by biochemical adjustments, notably the up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), which neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, PEG stress enhances the accumulation of secondary metabolites, such as phenolic, flavonoids and terpenoids, thereby improving antioxidant potential and stress tolerance. Notably, PEG-induced drought stress shapes SG biosynthesis through the up-regulation of the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway and the differential expression of key SG-related genes. Such modulation frequently increases SG accumulation, thereby strengthening their medicinal and economic value. Overall, this review covers the dual nature of PEG-induced drought stress: while limiting agronomic performance, enhances SGs biosynthesis and antioxidant capacity. Gaining insights into these mechanisms will facilitate the development of optimized cultivation strategies under water deficit conditions. Future research should prioritize molecular breeding and advanced biotechnological approaches to enhance drought tolerance and maximize the production of bioactive metabolites in stevia.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 9","pages":"1923-1937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13526755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTED ARTICLE: Molecular mechanisms of flower color variation in <i>Impatiens uliginosa</i>: insights from transcriptome sequencing and functional analysis of the <i>IuMYB1</i> gene in anthocyanin biosynthesis and pigmentation.","authors":"Baiyang He, Yuteng Xue, Shanman Li, Xue Hu, Xiaoli Lou, Jiwei Wang, Huang Deng, Shunming Zhang, Chao Luo, Yuhong Rong","doi":"10.1007/s12298-025-01644-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-025-01644-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 9","pages":"2157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13526746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome analysis reveals the physiological and transcriptional responses associated with growth promotion by N-acetyl-L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (NATCA) in wheat plants.","authors":"Songwei Li, Minghui Yuan, Zihan Yan, Jingxia Ren, Linjie Zhao, Jiaxu Nan, Jianhui Wang, Yongming Li, Chenyu Yang, Jianjun Chen, Hongliang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01799-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12298-026-01799-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>N-acetyl-L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (NATCA) is an organic amino acid derivative that functions as a plant growth regulator, enhancing growth and nutrient utilization in fruit trees and various crops. However, the molecular responses underlying its growth-promoting effects remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that NATCA significantly promotes the growth and development of wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>), with application at different concentrations enhancing physiological performance in stems, leaves, and roots. Treatment with 0.7 mg/L NATCA yielded the most pronounced positive effects. Under this treatment, chlorophyll content, free amino acids (FAA), soluble protein (SP), fresh weight, and dry weight all significantly increased compared to the control. Furthermore, NATCA elevated the activities of antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Transcriptome analysis identified 743 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, 505 up-regulated and 238 down-regulated) in response to NATCA. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (taes00940), starch and sucrose metabolism (taes00500), plant hormone signal transduction (taes04075), and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Notably, 49 DEGs (47 up, 2 down) were associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, suggesting its potential involvement in NATCA-induced growth responses. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) validated the expression patterns of seven selected DEGs. Collectively, these findings indicate that NATCA treatment associates with extensive transcriptional reprogramming and enhanced physiological performance in wheat seedlings. The observed enrichment of phenylpropanoid-related genes may contribute to growth promotion and biomass accumulation, although further biochemical and functional studies are required to establish causal relationships.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01799-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 9","pages":"1993-2006"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13526740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Thyme and cumin eones: a safe and effective strategy for controlling <i>Alternaria radicina</i> in coriander, enhancing growth, and reducing cytotoxicity.","authors":"Seham M A El-Gamal, Ehsan M Rashad, WesamEldin I A Saber, Abdulaziz A Al-Askar, Yosra A Helmy, Khalid M Ghoneem, Amira A Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01796-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01796-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12298-025-01650-x.].</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 9","pages":"2155-2156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13526739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}