Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants最新文献

{"title":"Molecular docking-guided discovery of <i>Alhagi maurorum</i> metabolites as dual-target biofungicides against <i>Cercospora</i> leaf spot in sugar beet.","authors":"Reham I Abdel Hamid, E M Naema Salama, Ibrahim S H El-Gamal, Samar A M Helmy, Mohamed Elshafiey, Ahmed G Soliman, M S Abbas","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01728-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01728-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Cercospora</i> leaf spot (CLS), caused by <i>Cercospora beticola</i>, is a severe threat to sugar beet (<i>Beta vulgaris</i>) production in Egypt's Nile Delta and poses resistance and ecological problems to synthetic fungicides. This study investigates <i>Alhagi maurorum</i> (camelthorn), an endemic medicinal shrub of arid regions, and evaluates it as a sustainable plant-sourced biofungicide for integrated CLS management. Following molecular confirmation of <i>C. beticola</i> (PCR amplified actin gene, 959 bp; ITS region sequenced and deposited in GenBank under accession PX884367), <i>A. maurorum</i> ethanolic extract (GC-MS) profiling of the ethyl iso-allocholate (1.39%), squalene (7.81%), and methyl oleate (27.33%) was determined as the antifungal constituents from GC-MS profiling. Molecular docking highlighted ethyl iso-allocholate's dual inhibition of CYP51 (- 8.4 kcal/mol) and CHS (- 6.5 kcal/mol), critical for fungal ergosterol biosynthesis and cell wall integrity. In vitro assays demonstrated complete fungal suppression at 10% extract concentration, mirroring the synthetic fungicide Score®. The efficacy of the extract in controlling disease (66.4-71.5% disease control), along with increased root yield (34.23 tons/fed) and sucrose purity (91.81-92.38%) in two-season field trials, was validated in CLS endemic Kafr EL Sheikh. The biochemical analyses of treated plants showed elevated antioxidant defenses, reflected in phenolics (184.43-186.73 mg/g) and superoxide dismutase (SOD: 122.10-123.77 U/g), to protect the plants against oxidative stress. As an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fungicides, the extract has biodegradability, pharmacokinetic suitability, and multi-target action. By bridging phytochemistry, computational biology, and field agronomy, this work advances integrated, climate-resilient strategies for CLS management and underscores the potential of arid-adapted plants in sustainable agriculture.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-026-01728-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 4","pages":"803-822"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147819190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: RAPD and ISSR marker mediated genetic polymorphism of two mangroves <i>Bruguiera gymnorrhiza</i> and <i>Heritiera fomes</i> from Indian Sundarbans in relation to their sustainability.","authors":"Nirjhar Dasgupta, Paramita Nandy, Chandan Sengupta, Sauren Das","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01731-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01731-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1007/s12298-015-0308-0.].</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 4","pages":"921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147819288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppression of salt-enhanced apoplastic flow by salicylic acid in rice.","authors":"Md Asadulla Al Galib, Maoxiang Zhao, Toshiyuki Nakamura, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Yoshihiko Hirai, Yoshitaka Nakashima, Shintaro Munemasa, Izumi C Mori, Yoshiyuki Murata","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01733-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01733-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity enhances apoplastic flow, resulting in an increment of Na⁺ uptake and a lower K⁺/Na⁺ ratio. Salicylic acid (SA) plays an important role in improving salinity tolerance in plants. The effect of exogenous SA on apoplastic flow in salt-treated rice seedlings was studied using an apoplastic tracer, 8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulphonic acid (PTS) in light. Application of NaCl at 25 mM to the hydroponic solution significantly increased PTS uptake, while 25 mM NaCl did not affect seedling growth. Application of 25 mM NaNO₃ increased PTS uptake to the same degree. Salinity significantly increased sodium (Na⁺) content but had no significant effect on potassium (K⁺) content, resulting in a lower K⁺/Na⁺ ratio. The application of SA at 0.05 mM and 0.1 mM to the hydroponic solution reduced Na-enhanced PTS uptake. Salicylic acid at 0.05 mM and 0.1 mM significantly reduced Na⁺ content and slightly increased K⁺ content in the shoots of rice seedlings, resulting in a higher K⁺/Na⁺ ratio. However, SA at up to 0.1 mM did not increase SA contents in shoots under salt stress. These results suggest that exogenous SA reduces Na⁺ uptake by suppressing Na⁺-enhanced apoplastic flow in rice seedlings. These findings provide insight into modulation of Na⁺ transport pathways from roots to shoots by SA and may allow us to utilize brackish water for rice cultivation and to improve salt-tolerant rice through suppression of salt-enhanced apoplastic flow by chemicals such as salicylic acid.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-026-01733-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 4","pages":"913-919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147819291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous melatonin promotes salt stress tolerance by inducing physiological and biochemical adaptations in <i>Chenopodium Quinoa</i> Willd.","authors":"Wang Meng-Di, Sulaiman Shah, Mingming Wang, Saira Arshad, Hong Yan, Yaseen Khan, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei, Sajid Ali","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01726-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01726-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Salinity adversely affects plant growth and productivity, particularly during early developmental stages such as seedling establishment and heading. To mitigate salt stress, various natural and synthetic chemical regulators have been applied to soils and plants in crops such as wheat, rice, maize, and quinoa, as they are effective in alleviating multiple abiotic stresses. However, research on the role of melatonin in quinoa under salt stress remains limited. This study investigated the effects of exogenous melatonin on growth, osmotic regulators, inorganic ions, photosynthetic performance, and antioxidant capacity in quinoa (<i>Chenopodium quinoa)</i> under melatonin treatments alone (1, 10, and 100 µM), salt stress (200 mM NaCl), and combined treatments of melatonin (1µM + 200 mM, 10 µM + 200 mM, 100 µM + 200 mM). The results showed that salt stress significantly reduced the relative growth rate (RGR), fresh weight (FW), and leaf relative water content (RWC). In contrast, exogenous melatonin effectively alleviated these inhibitory effects, leading to improved growth performance under combined treatments. Melatonin application also increased photosynthetic pigment content (SPAD) across all leaf positions and significantly enhanced gas exchange parameters compared with salt stress alone. Furthermore, melatonin positively regulated osmotic adjustment by increasing soluble sugars and proline content in quinoa under salt stress. Notably, antioxidant defense was enhanced, with higher enzyme activities of SOD, POD, and CAT and a reduction in MDA content. Moreover, exogenous melatonin reduced Na⁺, Cl^-, Na⁺/K⁺, and H₂PO₄ ^- levels in leaves, stems, and roots, while increasing K⁺, NO₃ ^-, and SO₄ ^2- levels, indicating improved ions homeostasis. This study highlights the protective role of exogenous melatonin in alleviating salt stress in quinoa, with 100 µM being an effective concentration under saline conditions.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-026-01726-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 4","pages":"875-892"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147819622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA-mediated regulation of nitrate signaling in crop plants: a focus on rice.","authors":"Sneha Mariam Shaji, Kannan Pachamuthu","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01744-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01744-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitrogen is a vital macronutrient essential for plant growth and development. The exogenous application of nitrogenous fertilizers significantly enhances biomass and crop yield. However, excessive use of fertilizers often leads to soil pollution and severe environmental damage. Plants have evolved various strategies to cope with fluctuating environmental nitrate concentrations. In recent years, substantial advances have been made to elucidate the molecular pathways involved in nitrogen uptake, transport, and downstream regulatory mechanisms. Among these, microRNAs, a class of small, regulatory, non-coding RNAs, are promising regulators of nitrate homeostasis in plants. MicroRNAs primarily target transcription factors and regulate their expression; they are implicated in all aspects of plant growth, development, and stress responses. Advances in sequencing techniques have enabled the discovery of various miRNAs and their target mRNAs involved in nitrate-mediated signaling in crop plants. Manipulating miRNA expression is an effective strategy for developing crop plants with improved Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE). In this review, we focus on recent progress and challenges related to nitrate-responsive miRNAs and their target genes that regulate nitrate signaling in crop plants, and on harnessing these miRNAs for crop improvement, particularly in rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 4","pages":"727-741"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147818949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic structure of the shea tree (<i>Vitellaria paradoxa</i> C.F. Gaertn.) population and fatty acid-based selection of elite genotypes in Benin.","authors":"Guillaume J Bodjrenou, Matice Gbètoho, Fernande Honfo, Cyril J F Kahn, M Eric Schranz, Paul Césaire Gnanglè, Alain Hehn, Alexandre Olry, Enoch G Achigan-Dako","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01734-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01734-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The shea tree (<i>Vitellaria paradoxa</i> C.F. Gaertn.) is an important source of oil, primarily used in the chocolate, cosmetics, and food industries. However, the absence of elite domesticated varieties limits breeding and optimal utilization. This study explores the genetic diversity, population structure and biochemical variation to identify genotypes with high oilseed potential in Benin. A total of 167 trees were genotyped using DArTseq technology, generating 3,720 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers after strict filtering. Data for two years (2023-2024) were collected, including agromorphological and biochemical data (fat content and fatty acid profile). Genetic diversity analysis revealed a moderate genetic diversity, with expected heterozygosity values of He = 0.21. Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) revealed significant differentiation (<i>p</i> < 0.01), with 7.9% of variance attributed to differences among populations. Population structure analysis distinguished three genetic groups (Pop1, Pop2, Pop3), with strong differentiation between Pop1 and Pop3 (FST > 0.85). Correlation analysis revealed positive relationships between nut traits and fatty acid composition. Five major fatty acids were found in the shea kernels: stearic (C18:0; 141.5 mg/g ≈ 45.6%), oleic (C18:1n-9, 125.49 mg/g ≈ 43.7%), linoleic (C18:2n-6, 17.43 mg/g ≈ 5.98%), palmitic (C16:0, 9.9 mg/g ≈ 3.6%), and arachidic (C20:0, 4.63 mg/g ≈ 1%). Genotypes BG104, BG109, BG114, BG214 and BG258 were elite candidates for fat and fatty acid content. This study offers an overview of the genetic potential of shea trees in Benin, identifying the best genotypes with high concentrations of fat and fatty acid composition for future breeding programs.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-026-01734-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 4","pages":"823-838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13125451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147819660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative analysis of rhizosphere metabolomics and root anatomical adaptations in wheat under drought stress: comparative insights from DH-11 and PK-13.","authors":"Sohail Ahmed, Muhammad Kaleem Samma, Faisal Mehdi, Kamran Yaqoub, Manzer H Siddiqui, Amna Jabbar Siddiqui, Syed Ghulam Musharraf, Saddia Galani, Zubia Rashid, Hania Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01718-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01718-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought stress significantly limits wheat productivity, posing a serious challenge to global food security. In this study, we examined the rhizosphere metabolomic profiles, yield traits, and root anatomical adaptations of two wheat varieties: Pakistan-2013 (PK-13) and Dharabhi-2011 (DH-11), under progressive drought stress (5, 10, and 15 days after irrigation) compared to well-watered controls. DH-11 consistently outperformed PK-13 in grain yield, plant height, and biomass accumulation, as confirmed by drought tolerance indices. Biochemical analyses revealed lower oxidative damage in DH-11, with reduced membrane injury and lipid peroxidation, associated with elevated proline levels and antioxidant enzyme activity under stress. Root anatomical analysis indicated that at 15 DAI, DH-11 roots had remarkable increases in length (10.01%), root number density (38.74%), and root area (34.16%) compared to PK-13. Metabolomic profiling of PK-13 and DH-11 detected 111 and 174 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), respectively. Under drought stress, DH-11 showed upregulation of the critical amino acids (e.g., phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan, threonine) and other metabolites like pyroglutamic acid and acetamide, indicating increased functions in osmoprotection, signaling, and stress-related metabolic regulation. These findings highlight the potential of combining metabolomics with root phenotyping to guide climate-resilient wheat breeding strategies.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-026-01718-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 3","pages":"643-662"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12988943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147469247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadmium-drought interaction modulates oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, and stress-responsive gene in rice sprouts.","authors":"Shivani Singh, Sachin Kumar, Kavita Shah, Rama Shanker Dubey","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01709-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01709-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Concurrent exposure to cadmium (Cd) and drought stress induces significant physiological and biochemical alterations in plants. As a heavy metal accumulator, rice poses a potential health risk when consumed. The intricate molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying the effects of multiple abiotic stresses on rice sprouts remain poorly understood. In this study, Cd/drought-tolerant rice <i>cv. Anjali</i> and Cd/drought-sensitive rice <i>cv. HUR-105</i> plants were exposed to 100 µM Cd alone, 15% PEG-6000 alone induced drought stress, and 100 µM Cd + 15% PEG-6000 in combination form. ROS formation and membrane damage were investigated by confocal analysis, leaf ultrastructure by SEM analysis, and photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant enzyme activities by biochemical analysis. RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis, and gene expression analysis were conducted to examine the modulation of gene expression in response to Cd and/or drought stress, including <i>OsHMA2</i>, <i>OsNramp5</i>, <i>OsMn-SOD</i>, <i>OsCu-Zn SOD</i>, <i>OsGPx 01</i>, <i>OsGPx02</i>, <i>and</i> <i>OsDREB2A</i>. Results demonstrate differential responses between the two cultivars, <i>cv. Anjali</i> exhibited significantly higher transcript levels of key stress-responsive genes such as <i>OsMn-SOD</i>, <i>OsCu-Zn SOD</i>, <i>OsGPx 01</i>, <i>OsGPx 02</i>, and <i>OsDREB2A</i> than <i>cv. HUR-105</i> under Cd-and/or-PEG-6000 treatments. Multivariate analyses (PCA and hierarchical clustering heatmap) of physiological and biochemical traits further confirmed the presence of clear treatment-specific patterns and high reproducibility, supporting the observed physiological and molecular differences. In conclusion, the study bridges our understanding of plant stress responses and underscores the importance of considering interactive stressors in agricultural management practices.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-026-01709-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 3","pages":"663-676"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12988942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147469262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>De novo</i> transcriptome analysis in response to yellow vein mosaic virus disease in okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L.).","authors":"Maninder Kaur, Mamta Pathak, Amandeep Mittal, Deepak Singla, Abhishek Sharma, Navraj Kaur Sarao","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01715-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01715-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yellow vein mosaic virus is a devastating viral disease causing significant yield reduction in okra. Okra species viz<i>. Abelmoschus moschatus</i> accession 140,986 and <i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> cultivar Punjab Padmini shows complete resistance and susceptibility respectively against YVMV disease. In this study, the de novo transcriptome assembly of Punjab Padmini (Susceptible) was generated. A total of 92 million bases assembled with total of 41,513 unigenes and 112,818 transcripts were obtained through Illumina HiSeq4000 sequencing approach. Blast2GO showed highly expressed cellular (intracellular membrane-bound organelle process), molecular (purine ribonucleotide binding process) and biological (cellular protein metabolic) processes. A total of 35,411, 43,285, 46,156, 47,025 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in between resistant and susceptible species at 0, 1, 3 and 5 days post inoculations (dpi). DEGs analysis deciphered that the downregulated genes were higher than the upregulated genes and about nine genes <i>ch6A</i>, <i>ribi</i>, <i>gs</i>, <i>nb-arc</i>, <i>sec</i>, <i>chLHC</i>, <i>saur32</i>, <i>fdoxin</i> and <i>ald</i> showed differential expression which were further validated using qRT-PCR. We here report that YVMV has strong link with highly expressed cLHC gene associated with photosynthesis as its symptoms include vein clearing due to loss of green photosynthetic area. We observe the high expression MYB transcription factor that has strong correlation with flavanoid pathways. We strongly suggest that the persistence of <i>cHLC</i> gene, flavanoid pathway and MYB transcription factors are mainly responsible for permitting resistance in <i>A. moschatus</i> species instead of high disease pressure. The generated hypothetical model showed that the rise of the detoxification protein led to the suppression of oxidative stress, hence permitting disease resistance. Additionally, 4706 SSR, 573,143 SNPs and 566 transcription factors were identified from the RNA-Seq data. These findings provide insights for future functional studies at the molecular level to unveil the virus resistance mechanism in okra.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-026-01715-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 3","pages":"591-611"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12988946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147469273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical characterization of common bean PvPAP26, a ubiquitous purple acid phosphatase that is highly expressed during seedling development.","authors":"Mercedes Diaz-Baena, Lucia O Pareja, Juan M Cabello-Diaz, Gregorio Galvez-Valdivieso, Pedro Piedras","doi":"10.1007/s12298-026-01716-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-026-01716-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phosphatases are important enzymes involved in phosphate acquisition. Seedlings require high amounts of phosphate during early development, as it is a key component of nucleic acids and other essential molecules. However, knowledge about phosphate recycling during seedling development in plants is still limited. In <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> (common bean), total phosphatase activity increases during post-germinative development. The major phosphatase, detected by in-gel assays, was purified from embryonic axes. The purified protein was analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry, which enabled identification of the corresponding gene through database searches. This gene was classified as a member of the Purple Acid Phosphatase (PAP) family. Inhibitor studies performed with the purified protein further confirmed its classification as a PAP. The PAP gene family in common bean consists of 26 members. Among the PAP proteins identified in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, the purified protein showed highest sequence homology with AtPAP26 and was therefore named as PvPAP26. The gene <i>PvPAP26</i> was expressed in all the tissues analyzed, both in seedlings and mature plants, with the highest expression observed in cotyledons during the phase of intense nutrient mobilization. Gene expression in seedlings was not affected by treatments with methyl jasmonate, phosphate supplementation, or salt stress. In leaves, gene expression was not altered by salt stress, wounding, or dark-induced senescence. These results indicate that <i>PvPAP26</i> is ubiquitously expressed across all examined tissues, with markedly higher expression in cotyledons shortly after germination. A potential role for this protein in nutrient mobilization during early seedling development is discussed.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-026-01716-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":20148,"journal":{"name":"Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants","volume":"32 3","pages":"493-507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12988927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147469210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}