Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa persister cells and biofilms","authors":"Mona Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Peter Richter ,&nbsp;Philipp Arnold ,&nbsp;Michael Lebert ,&nbsp;Andreas Burkovski","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> is a hard-to-treat human pathogen for which new antimicrobial agents are urgently needed. <em>P. aeruginosa</em> is known for forming biofilms, a complex aggregate of bacteria embedded in a self-generated protective matrix that enhance its resistance to antibiotics and the immune system. Within the biofilm, persister cells, sub-populations of slow-growing or growth-arrested cells, are associated with recalcitrance of infections and antibiotic treatment failure. Here, we investigate the influence of the anionic photosensitiser chlorophyllin (CHL)<span><span>¹</span></span> exposed to red light alone and in combination with an activator of the mechanosensitive channels butylparaben (BP) on <em>P. aeruginosa</em> growing cells, persister cells, and biofilms. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the broth microdilution checkerboard method. Serine hydroxamate (SHX) was used for the induction of persister cells. Under illumination, a combination of CHL (250 µg/ml) and BP (97.12 µg/ml) reduced the number of growing cells and persister cells by <span><math><mrow><mn>2.2</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.46</mn></mrow></math></span> log₁₀ and <span><math><mrow><mn>1.7</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.15</mn></mrow></math></span> log₁₀, respectively after 30 min of exposure at 79 J/cm². A higher concentration of BP (194.23 µg/ml) or longer exposure time (60 min at 158 J/cm²) effectively eliminated approximately ≥99.99 % of growing and persister cells. Visual evidence from confocal and TEM images illustrates the influence of CHL and red light, which intensifies when combined with BP. Nevertheless, the addition of BP did not enhance the efficacy of CHL against biofilms; CHL (500 µg/ml) reduced biofilm viability by 2.6 log₁₀ at 791 J/cm². No toxicity has been observed in darkness. This study highlights the potential antimicrobial effect of CHL against <em>P. aeruginosa</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful treatment of rosacea by trephination combined with photodynamic therapy: A case report","authors":"YunMi Qiu,&nbsp;Ping Yang,&nbsp;Xingyun Zhao,&nbsp;Yingzhi Luo,&nbsp;Liming Wu,&nbsp;Jianbo Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rosacea is a chronic, inflammatory dermatological condition primarily affecting the central face, including the cheeks, nose, chin, and forehead [1]. It presents with erythema, phymatous changes, papules, pustules, and telangiectasia. The pathogenesis of rosacea is still unknown. Patients often suffer from multiple symptoms of rosacea, requiring more precise assessments and individualized therapies [2]. 5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) has shown promise as a safe and effective treatment for rosacea [3], especially in patients with multiple subtypes. We report a successful treatment involving a 46-year-old male patient with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea and phymatous changes using trephination combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT), improving quality of life without recurrence during the 9-month follow-up period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodynamic therapy with hematoporphyrin derivative for the treatment of penile verrucous carcinoma: A case report","authors":"Runqun Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Xiang ,&nbsp;Yanliang Li ,&nbsp;Guozhang Ma ,&nbsp;Junhong Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Verrucous carcinoma, a well-differentiated variant of squamous cell carcinoma with low-grade malignancy, is often associated with localized human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and excessive penile foreskin. We report a 45-year-old male who presented with a verrucous plaque on the glans penis for over four months, along with itching. Examination revealed a verrucous, erosive lesion with a cauliflower-like surface, firm texture, and irregular shape, accompanied by pain, bleeding, and a foul odor. Syphilis and HIV tests were negative, and a biopsy confirmed verrucous carcinoma.The patient underwent initial circumcision at a local hospital, but persistent lesions raised concerns about further surgery impairing sexual function and anatomical integrity. To preserve both anatomical and functional integrity, the patient opted for Hematoporphyrin Derivative-Photodynamic Therapy (HpD-PDT). Post-treatment, the lesions regressed, and after four years of follow-up, there was no scarring or recurrence. The clinical outcome was favorable with complete lesion regression.We propose that PDT is a viable treatment option for penile verrucous carcinoma, offering advantages over traditional methods in terms of function preservation and cosmetic outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodiagnosis of diabetic eye disease—The Beichen Eye Study","authors":"Carly Sin Ki Yeung ,&nbsp;Sunny Chi Lik Au","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104451","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104451"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on early detection of drusen patterns in age-related macular degeneration using deep learning models","authors":"Kiruthika M,&nbsp;Malathi G","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness that affects the eye from the age of fifty-five and older. It impacts on the retina, the light-sensitive layer of the eye. In early AMD, yellowish deposits called drusen, form under the retina, which could result in distortion and gradual blurring of vision. The presence of drusen is the first sign of early dry AMD. As the disease progresses, more and larger deposits develop, and blood vessels grow up from beneath the retina leading to leakage of blood, that damages the retina. In advanced AMD, peripheral vision may remain, but the straight vision is lost. Detecting AMD early is crucial, but treatments are limited, and nutritional supplements like AREDS2 formula may slow disease progression. AMD diagnosis is primarily achieved through drusen identification, a process involving fundus photography by ophthalmologists, but the early stages of AMD make this task challenging due to ambiguous drusen regions. Furthermore, the existing models have difficulty in correctly predicting the drusen regions because of the resolution of fundus images, for which a solution is proposed as a model based on deep learning. Performance can be optimized by employing both local and global knowledge when AMD issues are still in the early phases. The area of the retina where drusen forms were identified by image segmentation, and then these deposits were automatically recognized through pattern recognition techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for the management of peri‑implant diseases among habitual nicotinic product users: A systematic review","authors":"Abdulrahman M. AlMubarak","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective was to systematically review original studies that assessed the influence of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) for managing peri‑implant diseases among habitual nicotinic product (NP) users.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The research question was “Is aPDT effective for managing peri‑implant diseases among NP users?” Indexed databases (PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Knowledge) and Google Scholar were searched up to and including December 2024 without time and language barriers. Using Boolean operators, the following keywords were searched in different combinations: antimicrobial photodynamic therapy; crestal bone loss; peri‑implant diseases; probing depth; nicotine; and smoking. Original clinical studies were included. Letters to the Editor, Case-reports, case-series, commentaries, reviews and perspectives/expert opinions were excluded. The literature search was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses. The risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seven RCTs performed on adult males were included and processed for data extraction. The mean ages of participants ranged between 31 and 57 years. The wavelength of the diode laser ranged between 660 and 670 nm in all studies. Results from all RCTs showed that aPDT, when performed as an adjunct to MD, is more effective in reducing peri‑implant plaque index, bleeding scores, and peri‑implant PD in contrast to when mechanical debridement (MD) was performed alone. None of the studies reported a statistically significant difference in crestal bone height, irrespective of whether MD was done with or without adjunct aPDT. In all studies, the follow-up duration ranged between 3 and 12 months. The aPDT was performed once (after MD) in all studies. All studies had a low RoB and their results were based on power-adjusted data.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In the short term, a single session of aPDT as an adjunct to MD effectively reduces peri‑implant soft-tissue inflammation among NP users with peri‑implant diseases. However, this treatment does not influence CBL in these patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142908161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionizing radiation and photodynamic therapy lead to multimodal tumor cell death, synergistic cytotoxicity and immune cell invasion in human bladder cancer organoids","authors":"Annabell Reinhold ,&nbsp;Annegret Glasow ,&nbsp;Sandra Nürnberger ,&nbsp;Annett Weimann ,&nbsp;Lucie Telemann ,&nbsp;Jens-Uwe Stolzenburg ,&nbsp;Jochen Neuhaus ,&nbsp;Mandy Berndt-Paetz","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and radiotherapy using ionizing radiation (IR) are promising options for organ-preserving treatment of bladder cancer (BCa). A combination therapy (IR+PDT) could be beneficial for BCa treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>For PDT, we used the near-infrared photosensitizer tetrahydroporphyrin-tetratosylate (THPTS) showing high therapeutic efficacy. Treatment responses were analyzed in BCa organoids.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Organoids consisting of BCa cells lines, bladder fibroblasts and muscle cells were treated with IR (9 Gy) and/or PDT using THPTS (25, 50 μM; 20 J/cm²). Cytotoxicity was determined by microscopy, cell-based assays and histology. The cell death mode was analyzed by applying specific inhibitors followed by immunofluorescence or qPCR analyses of cell death markers. A matrix-based co-culture model was used to study T cell migration into the environment of treated organoids.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PDT and/or IR resulted in concentration-dependent reduction of metabolic activity, organoid diameter and integrity. Higher cytotoxicity of IR+PDT vs. monotherapies was observed after 72 h. Non-malignant organoids showed no cytotoxic effects. While apoptosis, necroptosis and ferroptosis were clearly involved in cell death of T-24 cells, cytotoxicity in RT-112 cells was probably provoked by apoptosis, ferroptosis and pyroptosis. IR+PDT resulted in significant migration of Jurkat cells into ECM-embedded organoids within 3 days after treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Treatment with IR+PDT showed tumor-selective cytotoxicity with additive or synergistic effects in BCa organoids. Thereby, IR+PDT led to multimodal cell death depending on the cellular context. Migration of T cells into the organoid environment illustrates the immunogenic potential of IR+PDT. Therefore, it might be a promising approach for organ-preserving BCa treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful management of recurrent cutaneous granulomas caused by Candida albicans using aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy post-surgery: A case report","authors":"Lulu Wang ,&nbsp;Yahui Feng ,&nbsp;Sisi Wang ,&nbsp;Leyao Shi ,&nbsp;Yong Ren ,&nbsp;Zhiya Yang ,&nbsp;Dongmei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment that combines a photosensitive drug with light to induce phototoxic response in target cells, primarily through singlet oxygen.. Few cases have reported the combination of PDT with antifungal agents to successfully treat <em>Candida</em> infection. We present a case of cutaneous mass caused by <em>Candida albicans</em> (<em>C.albicans</em>) treated solely with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)- PDT. A 21-year-old female presented with a cutaneous lesion on her right elbow,. characterized by erythema, nodules, and cysts that had persisted for 3 months after surgical excision. The diagnosis of infectious granulomas caused by <em>C. albicans</em> was confirmed through tissue histopathological, morphology and molecular sequence of the isolated pathogen. The lesion was completely resolved after two sessions of ALA-PDT adminstered 9 days apart. During the 6-month follow-up, there were no signs of relapse. This case suggested that mono-ALA-PDT can be an effective treatment option for single lesion on the body surface caused by <em>C. albicans</em> deep infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104466"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular evidence for the efficacy of PBM therapy in the treatment of oral lichen planus","authors":"Maria Zaharieva Mutafchieva ,&nbsp;Milena Nenkova Draganova ,&nbsp;Plamen Ivanov Zagorchev ,&nbsp;Reem Hanna ,&nbsp;Georgi Tomchev Tomov","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease, in which T-Lymphocytes induce apoptosis of basal keratinocytes, leading to the formation of symptomatic lesions. It is assumed that blocking the cell death program and enhancing cell proliferation would be crucial to the healing process. The aim of the study was to verify the efficacy of Photobiomodulation (PBM) in OLP management, by evaluating the effects of laser irradiation on the processes of apoptosis and cell proliferation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty patients with OLP underwent PBM with 810 nm diode laser (0.5 W, 30 s, 1.2 J/cm²), 3 times a week for one month. The size and clinical scores of the lesions and pain level were recorded and compared before and after therapy using Thongprasom sign scoring system and Visual Analogue Scale, respectively. Biopsies were taken before and after therapy and analyzed immunohistochemically for bcl-2 and Ki-67 expression. Tissue sections from 10 healthy volunteers were used as controls for the levels of these markers in normal oral mucosa.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PBM significantly reduced patients’ pain intesity and improved the clinical signs of the lesions. OLP tissue sections demonstrated lower staining for bcl-2 and Ki-67 compared to healthy controls. After therapy the expression of bcl-2 increased significantly. An enhance in Ki-67 immunoreactivity was revealed predominantly in the atrophic-erosive epithelium.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PBM is an effective treatment modality for OLP patients. Erosive forms of the disease responded better to laser irradiation than keratotic subtypes. At the molecular level, PBM is likely to recover the impaired cell cycle mechanisms and keratinocyte proliferation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of optical coherence tomography angiography to study retinal and choroidal vascular changes in patients with first-time coronary artery stenosis","authors":"Rongrong Guan ,&nbsp;Shuyan Qin ,&nbsp;Yezhu Chi ,&nbsp;Zhen Tang ,&nbsp;Haiyang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To study the changes in retinal and choroidal vessels in patients with coronary artery stenosis via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 100 subjects were enrolled in this study and divided into two groups: the observation group consisted of 50 patients with angina who were first diagnosed with coronary artery stenosis, and the control group consisted of 50 healthy adults without angina symptoms. All of the subjects underwent OCTA to investigate changes in retinochoroidal vessel density in patients with a first diagnosis of coronary artery stenosis. The parameters included superficial capillary plexus density (SCD), deep capillary plexus density (DCD), retinal peripapillary capillary plexus density(RPD), the choroidal vascular index (CVI), and the macular foveal avascular zone(FAZ area, perimeter, acircularity index, FD-300 vessel density).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SCD and DCD in the coronary artery stenosis group were lower than those in the control group (<em>P</em> = 0.045 and <em>P</em> = 0.034, respectively), the CVI was lower than that in the control group (<em>P</em> = 0.029), the FAZ perimeter and acircularity index were greater than those in the control group (<em>P</em> = 0.003,<em>P</em> = 0.024). Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis revealed that FAZ perimeter was the most significant risk factor for predicting coronary artery stenosis (<em>P</em> = 0.005, AUC = 0.664), and the cut-off value for FAZ perimeter was 2.065 mm.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In patients with a first diagnosis of coronary artery stenosis, both retinal and choroidal blood flow are reduced. FAZ perimeter is a risk factor for predicting the occurrence of coronary artery stenosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 104435"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}