Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for Olsen Grade 3 actinic keratosis: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Qinyuan Zhu ,&nbsp;Jing Luan ,&nbsp;Ying Tang ,&nbsp;Wenjuan Ma ,&nbsp;Wenyu Wu ,&nbsp;Shujun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common cutaneous keratinocyte dysplasia categorized by the Olsen Grade (OG) 1–3. OG 3 AK, which has a higher risk of progressing to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), presents treatment challenges. While 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) is effective for non-hyperkeratotic AK (OG 1–2), its efficacy for OG 3 AK remains debated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ALA-PDT for the treatment of OG 3 AK, this single-center prospective cohort study included 127 patients with histopathologically confirmed AK, grouped by the Olsen grading (OG 3, <em>n</em> = 33; OG 1 or 2, <em>n</em> = 94). All patients received four sessions of ALA-PDT and were followed up for 12 months. The primary outcome was initial complete clearance (CC) at 3 months, while sustained CC at 12 months was the secondary outcome. Safety was assessed throughout the study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The initial CC rates were 87.88 % (29/33) for the OG 3 group and 92.55 % (87/94) for the OG 1/2 group. The sustained CC rates at 12 months were 89.66 % (26/29) and 86.21 % (75/87) for the OG 3 and OG 1/2 groups, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the two groups for either initial CC or sustained CC rates (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). Adverse events were mostly mild and transient, though long-lasting erythema at 12 months was more common in the OG 3 group compared with the OG 1/2 group (23.08 % vs. 5.33 %, <em>p</em> = 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ALA-PDT demonstrates favorable efficacy and safety profile for OG 3 AK, supporting ALA-PDT as a valuable non-invasive treatment option for OG 3 AK.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 104555"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Raman Spectroscopy in biopsy tissue for rapid diagnosis of Tracheobronchial Tuberculosis: A prospective study","authors":"Qin Zhang ,&nbsp;Mingming Deng ,&nbsp;Qian Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Zhou ,&nbsp;Yu Guo ,&nbsp;Yuexiang Wang ,&nbsp;Yinghui Fu ,&nbsp;Jasmine Lin Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuo Chen ,&nbsp;Gang Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB) is a specific form of pulmonary tuberculosis characterized by <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> involvement in the tracheobronchial tree. Rapid and accurate diagnostic tools for TBTB are crucial. Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a noninvasive tool that accesses molecular vibrations and sample characteristics, enabling the creation of a molecular fingerprint of biological samples, which has enormous potential on clinical diagnosis for TBTB. This study aimed to develop and validate a diagnostic model based on RS in bronchial biopsies for identifying TBTB. The training set included patients with TBTB (<em>n</em> = 18), airway malignant diseases (<em>n</em> = 20), and normal mucosal tissue biopsies as the healthy controls (<em>n</em> = 20). The spectral analysis results indicated that differential changes in tissue biomolecules, particularly certain amino acids, among the three groups. K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), principal component analysis-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA), principal component analysis-support vector machine (PCA-SVM) and decision tree methods were implemented to classify this same spectral data set. The PCA-SVM method exhibited highest classification accuracy, with a sensitivity of 88.89 % and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.919. Subsequently, an independent validation set comprising 121 patients with suspected TBTB was enrolled to evaluate the performance of RS model using the PCA-SVM method. The sensitivity of RS model was 87.69 % (57/65) for diagnosing TBTB, higher than that of sputum smear, bronchial brush smear, the Bactec MGIT 960 Culture of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and comparable to GeneXpert sensitivity. In conclusion, the RS model using bronchial tissue provides a rapid and accurate method of identifying TBTB, showing potential as a powerful noninvasive tool for TBTB diagnosis under bronchoscopy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 104556"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodynamic therapy combined with curettage for actinic keratosis on the face and scalp: An efficient treatment for field cancerization of the skin","authors":"Chi Zhang ,&nbsp;Tian Wang ,&nbsp;Wenna Lu ,&nbsp;Ruixue Chang ,&nbsp;Yuanjing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Actinic keratosis (AK) frequently manifests as multiple regional lesions on the exposed areas of the face and scalp. The simultaneous treatment of extensive lesions with varying degrees poses a significant challenge.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluated the efficacy and patient satisfaction of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with curettage in managing extensive AK on the face and scalp.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with AK on the face and scalp treated at the dermatology department of a large hospital in a central Chinese city from 2020 to 2024. Each patient was histopathologically confirmed, exhibited a large lesion area exceeding 10 cm², and demonstrated evident field cancerization. All patients underwent curettage followed by 5-ALA PDT. During a 6-month follow-up, patient self-assessment and physician evaluations were conducted to systematically assess the treatment's efficacy, satisfaction, and adverse reactions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-six patients (38 females, 18 males) with a mean age of 76.26±9.16 years were included. Significant improvement in skin was observed, with the lesion count decreasing from 12.33±9.09 pretreatment to 1.98±1.50 post-treatment. Pain scores (VAS) decreased from 2.89±2.20 to 0.75±1.03, pruritus scores (NAS) from 2.46±0.95 to 0.51±0.73, and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) scores from 9.12±4.46 to 2.59±2.17. The primary adverse effect was pain during PDT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Curettage combined with 5-ALA PDT is an efficacious, safe, and efficient treatment for field cancerization of extensive AK on the face and scalp, warranting its promotion in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 104553"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of photodynamic diagnosis for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: Exploratory subject-based analysis in a prospective, single-arm, multicenter phase III trial","authors":"Rikiya Taoka ,&nbsp;Hideo Fukuhara ,&nbsp;Makito Miyake ,&nbsp;Keita Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Atsushi Ikeda ,&nbsp;Kent Kanao ,&nbsp;Yoshinobu Komai ,&nbsp;Ryo Fujiwara ,&nbsp;Yusuke Sato ,&nbsp;Mikio Sugimoto ,&nbsp;Toyonori Tsuzuki ,&nbsp;Kiyohide Fujimoto ,&nbsp;Keiji Inoue ,&nbsp;Mototsugu Oya","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This analysis utilized a subject-based analysis of data from the prospective single-arm phase III trial (jRCT2061210055) to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) when 5-aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride (5-ALA) was administered 4–8 h before transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study evaluated 144 patients suspected of having non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), including 127 with NMIBC (38 patients had normal-to-flat-appearing cancer) and 17 without cancer. The diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility of blue light (BL) during TURBT were assessed for each patient and compared with those of white light (WL).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Subject-based analysis revealed that WL alone missed tumor lesions in 33.1 % of patients, whereas BL alone missed 3.1 % in a biopsy-based analysis (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). WL alone failed to diagnose NMIBC in 4.7 % of patients, while BL missed 1.6 %. Adding BL to WL led to an upgrade of NMIBC risk classification in 12 of 127 patients (9.4 %), including 5 upgraded to high-risk and 4 to highest-risk categories.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study is the first to demonstrate that PDD's efficacy is maintained up to 8 h after oral 5-ALA administration and indicates that PDD improves the detection rate of bladder cancer, potentially optimizing risk stratification and offering optimal additional treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 104554"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photodiagnosis with deep learning: A GAN and autoencoder-based approach for diabetic retinopathy detection","authors":"Kerem GENCER ,&nbsp;Gülcan GENCER ,&nbsp;Tuğçe Horozoğlu CERAN ,&nbsp;Aynur ER BİLİR ,&nbsp;Mustafa DOĞAN","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide, necessitating early detection and accurate diagnosis. This study proposes a novel framework integrating Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) for data augmentation, denoising autoencoders for noise reduction, and transfer learning with EfficientNetB0 to enhance the performance of DR classification models.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>GANs were employed to generate high-quality synthetic retinal images, effectively addressing class imbalance and enriching the training dataset. Denoising autoencoders further improved image quality by reducing noise and eliminating common artifacts such as speckle noise, motion blur, and illumination inconsistencies, providing clean and consistent inputs for the classification model. EfficientNetB0 was fine-tuned on the augmented and denoised dataset.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The framework achieved exceptional classification metrics, including 99.00 % accuracy, recall, and specificity, surpassing state-of-the-art methods. The study employed a custom-curated OCT dataset featuring high-resolution and clinically relevant images, addressing challenges such as limited annotated data and noisy inputs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Unlike existing studies, our work uniquely integrates GANs, autoencoders, and EfficientNetB0, demonstrating the robustness, scalability, and clinical potential of the proposed framework. Future directions include integrating interpretability tools to enhance clinical adoption and exploring additional imaging modalities to further improve generalizability. This study highlights the transformative potential of deep learning in addressing critical challenges in diabetic retinopathy diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 104552"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly malignant tumor cells accumulate less PpIX and enhanced cell dormancy increases PpIX accumulation","authors":"Saki Kasai ,&nbsp;Anantya Pustimbara ,&nbsp;Ganesan Daneshwaran ,&nbsp;Kiwamu Takahashi ,&nbsp;Motowo Nakajima ,&nbsp;Hideo Fukuhara ,&nbsp;Shinkuro Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Keiji Inoue ,&nbsp;Shun-ichiro Ogura","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>5-Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic diagnosis (ALA-PDD) is a method for real-time diagnosis of cancer areas based on the specific accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in tumor cells following ALA administration and subsequent detection using fluorescence. However, its effectiveness is limited due to false negatives caused by tumor cells accumulating low amounts of PpIX after ALA administration. In order to increase the detection sensitivity of ALA-PDD, it is important to understand the characteristics of cells with low or high PpIX accumulation. This research sought to determine the factors affecting ALA-induced PpIX accumulation in tumor cells</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Tumor cells were separated into two groups according to PpIX accumulation levels using FACS and the cellular characteristics were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The data of expression of RANKL, a tumor malignancy marker, showed that tumor cells with low PpIX accumulation are more malignant. Results also showed marked differences in PpIX efflux transporter activity and the extent to which iron atoms are being inserted into the porphyrin ring, resulting in loss of fluorescence. Interestingly, it was found tumor cells with high PpIX accumulation are in dormant state as indicated by low proliferation and suppression of glucose metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Tumor cells with low PpIX accumulation are characterized as high tumor grade and low cell dormancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 104551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of photodynamic therapy and conization for cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Ruizhen Li ,&nbsp;Changzhong Li ,&nbsp;Ruifang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This review aims to compare the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with conization, including loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and cold-knife conization (CKC), in treating cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Data were searched. The outcomes assessed were complete response (CR) rate, human papillomavirus (HPV) eradication rate, recurrence rate, and adverse events (AEs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>9 studies were included. A total of 312 patients received PDT, while 380 underwent conization (LEEP/CKC). There was no significant difference between PDT and conization in the CR rate at 3–6 months (OR: 1.64 [0.97, 2.76]; <em>P</em> = 0.06), 12-month CR (OR: 0.49 [0.13, 1.90]; <em>P</em> = 0.30), HPV eradication rate at 3–6 months (OR: 1.40 [0.95, 2.07]; <em>P</em> = 0.09), HPV eradication rate at 12 months (OR: 0.92[0.47, 1.82]; <em>P</em> = 0.81), or 12-month recurrence rate (OR: 2.97 [0.62, 14.25]; <em>P</em> = 0.17). However, the rate of AEs, including vaginal bleeding (OR: 0.10 [0.03, 0.33]; <em>P</em> = 0.0002), cervical canal adhesion (OR: 0.16 [0.03, 0.90]; <em>P</em> = 0.04), and cervical scar formation (OR: 0.04 [0.01, 0.30]; <em>P</em> = 0.002), was significantly lower with PDT than with conization. The degree of heterogeneity was not high.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on our systematic review and meta-analysis, it could be concluded that PDT may be a practical approach for cervical HSIL regression compared to conization (LEEP/CKC). However, further high-quality, controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 104544"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro effect of photodynamic therapy with two photosensitizers on Streptococcus mutans load around metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel","authors":"Narjes Karamad ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Fazel ,&nbsp;Shima Afrasiabi ,&nbsp;Nasim chiniforush ,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Keshvad","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>The inherent surface porosities of ceramic brackets can enhance bacterial plaque accumulation. This study assessed the in-vitro effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with two photosensitizers (PSs) on <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> (<em>S. mutans</em>) load around metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>In this in vitro experimental study, 48 sound premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were randomly assigned to two groups (<em>n</em> = 24) for bonding to metal and ceramic brackets. After bracket bonding, the tooth-bracket assemblies were inoculated with <em>S. mutans</em>, and each group was randomly divided into three subgroups (<em>n</em> = 8) of control, PDT with toluidine blue O (TBO) and 635 nm laser, and PDT with indocyanine green (ICG) and 808 nm laser. The colony count was quantified in each subgroup, and analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ceramic brackets showed a significantly higher colony count than metal brackets in the control subgroup by 7.057 log10 CFUs/mL (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). PDT, irrespective of PS type, significantly decreased the bacterial count around both ceramic (by 7.616 log10 CFUs/mL in the ICG and 7.594 log10 CFUs/mL in the TBO subgroup) and metal (by 7.512 log10 CFUs/mL in the ICG and 7.505 log10 CFUs/mL in the TBO subgroup) brackets (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The difference in bacterial count was not significant between the ceramic and metal bracket groups after PDT (<em>P</em> = 0.541 for ICG and <em>P</em> = 0.101 for TBO).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Within the limitations of this in vitro study and as an attempt to predict what might happen in vivo, the results showed that PDT significantly decreased the bacterial load around metal and ceramic brackets bonded to enamel, irrespective of the type of PS. Thus, PDT may be considered as a possibly efficient strategy to minimize the bacterial load especially around ceramic brackets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 104547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome on chorioretinal microvasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography","authors":"Yitong Cheng ,&nbsp;Jiawei Wang ,&nbsp;Shanshan Li ,&nbsp;Chenzhao Ma ,&nbsp;Yihan Zhao ,&nbsp;Shiqiang Li ,&nbsp;Keyu Liu ,&nbsp;Lina Geng","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To probe into the effects of malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome on the changes of retinal and choroidal microvasculature.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To achieve our goals, we employed optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), a cutting-edge non-invasive imaging technique, to compare retinal and choroidal parameters in a controlled setting. A total of 22 participants diagnosed with Malnutrition-Sarcopenia Syndrome were enrolled alongside 22 healthy subjects matched for age and gender as controls. Parameters under scrutiny included inner retinal vessel flow density (VFD), total retinal thickness, and choroidal thickness, choroidal vascularity index (CVI). Linear regression analyses were performed to identify any significant variations of systemic profles associated with retinal and choroidal parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our data unveiled substantial discrepancies in the retinochoroidal microvascular health between the patient cohort and the control group. Specifically, the patients with malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome showcased notably diminished values in inner retinal VFD, total retinal thickness, choroidal thickness and CVI, all with extreme statistical significance (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). Further, body mass index (BMI) exhibited a noteworthy positive association with retinal thickness (<em>p</em> = 0.026), whereas skeletal muscle index (SMI) showed a similar trend with choroidal thickness and CVI through both univariate and multiple linear regression analyses. Besides, pearson's correlation analysis also indicated that SMI was positively correlated with choroidal thickness and CVI in the sarcopenia patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The collective evidence suggests that malnutrition coupled with sarcopenia exerts deleterious effects on chorioretinal microvasculature, with potential repercussions on visual function. This research underscores the imperative of proactive monitoring and early intervention targeting chorioretinal microvasculature changes in patients battling malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 104549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel vaginal manipulator for identifying vaginal canal separation line by visible and near-infrared transillumination light: PHARUS Pipe","authors":"Akiko Yoshida Ueno ,&nbsp;Kazutoshi Hayashi ,&nbsp;Tetsuo Sumida ,&nbsp;Hiromi Sato ,&nbsp;Takayuki Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In total laparoscopic hysterectomy, a uterine manipulator with transillumination functionality is often employed as an instrument to visualize the vaginal canal demarcation line. However, the utilization of this device necessitates an external white light source and a fiber optic cable. In this study, we developed a prototype vaginal manipulator (PHARUS Pipe) with a simpler configuration to visualize the vaginal canal separation line.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The PHARUS Pipe is constructed from a pipe, an annular array of chip-type light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a wavelength of warm-white and near-infrared light, and a handle. The pipe, with an outer diameter of 30 mm at the tip and a wall thickness of 3 mm, was molded using a light-guiding resin. The annular LED array was positioned on the end face of the handle side of the pipe, and a battery was integrated into the handle. The pipe was designed with an external surface to provide optimal light emission at the tip in a radial direction, i.e., away from the center of the pipe. The visibility of the transillumination passing through a 3–4 mm thick vaginal wall of porcine uterovaginal specimens was evaluated using a near-infrared compatible laparoscopic imaging system.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The position of the tip of the PHARUS Pipe was clearly delineated through the vaginal wall by warm-white and near-infrared transillumination light. Compared with warm-white light, near-infrared light required less current for successful visualization.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The present results suggest the possibility of identifying the human vaginal canal separation line using the PHARUS Pipe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20141,"journal":{"name":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 104548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}