Planta medica最新文献

{"title":"Possibility and Potenzial Intervention Targets of Saffron Extract in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: A Review.","authors":"Huiyang Shi, Xuan Liu, Peiyi Zhao, Wei Huang, Hebin Wang, Heying Jin, Junyou Zhu, Jianwu Wang, Tianjiao Li","doi":"10.1055/a-2538-5769","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2538-5769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disorder characterized by dry skin, eczema-like lesions, and severe itching. The multifaceted etiology of AD, which is not yet fully understood, includes genetic predispositions, immune dysfunctions(such as an impaired skin barrier and abnormal immune regulation), imbalances in the skin microbiota, and environmental factors, among others. In the field of AD treatment, the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine is becoming an emerging trend. Given the potenzial side effects and reduced efficacy of conventional therapeutic drugs, Chinese herbal medicines offer patients new treatment options because of their unique efficacy and low toxicity. Some saffron extracts derived from saffron and gardenia, such as crocin, crocetin, and safranal, have shown promising potenzial in the treatment of AD. These natural ingredients not only possess anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties similar to those of traditional Chinese medicines but also demonstrate excellent effects in promoting the repair of damaged skin barriers. Therefore, this article reviews the therapeutic potenzial of saffron extract in the treatment of AD, with a special focus on its mechanisms and potenzial interventions, while emphasizing the importance of herbal medicines as alternatives to traditional treatments, providing AD patients with safer and more effective treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"338-352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin: Epigenetic Modulation and Tumor Immunity in Antitumor Therapy.","authors":"Xin Wan, Dong Wang","doi":"10.1055/a-2499-1140","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2499-1140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Curcumin (turmeric) is the main ingredient of the Chinese herbal turmeric rhizome, used to treat tumors, diabetes, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, and liver diseases. The antitumor effects of curcumin have received even more attention. One of the main mechanisms of the antitumor effects includes inhibition of tumor invasion and migration, induction of tumor cell apoptosis, and inhibition of various cell signaling pathways. It has been found that the antitumor biological activity of curcumin in the body is associated with epigenetic mechanisms. That also implies that curcumin may act as a potential epigenetic modulator to influence the development of tumor diseases. The immune system plays an essential role in the development of tumorigenesis. Tumor immunotherapy is currently one of the most promising research directions in the field of tumor therapy. Curcumin has been found to have significant regulatory effects on tumor immunity and is expected to be a novel adjuvant for tumor immunity. This paper summarizes the antitumor effects of curcumin from four aspects: molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of curcumin against a tumor, mechanisms of curcumin modulation of tumor immunotherapy, reversal of chemotherapy resistance, and a novel drug delivery system of curcumin, which provide new directions for the development of new antitumor drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"320-337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pseudopeptides of Marine Vibrio spp. from Taiwan and Their Combined Treatment Effects with Commercial Antibiotics.","authors":"Mao-Xuan Hong, Bo-Wei Wang, Li-Hua Lo, Gamaralalage Eranga Dilshan Jayalath, Wei-Tsen Lin, Yu-Liang Yang, Sung-Pin Tseng, Yen-Hsu Chen, Wan-Chi Tsai, Wei-Chieh Cheng, Chih-Chuang Liaw","doi":"10.1055/a-2536-8292","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2536-8292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Vibrio</i> strains, identified by 16S rDNA, were isolated from the marine environment surrounding Taiwan, revealing diverse bioactive effects, such as iron-chelating and antimicrobial activities. Notably, the hierarchical clustering dendrogram of mass spectrum profiles of the <i>Vibrio</i> strains using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight, in contrast to the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rDNA sequencing analysis, exhibited a strong correlation with their observed bioactivities. Within this set, global natural products social molecular network analysis by LC-HRMS/MS highlighted that three strains, <i>Vibrio tubiashii</i> DJW05 - 1, <i>Vibrio japonicus</i> DJW05 - 8, and <i>Vibrio fortis</i> DJW21 - 4, shared similar bioactive pseudopeptides in the same cluster. Subsequent chromatographical isolation and purification yielded an unprecedented unsaturated diketopiperazine, (<i>Z</i>)-3-(2-methylpropylidene)-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-<i>a</i>]pyrazine-1,4-dione (1: ), along with a series of diketopiperazines, and a potential new annotated pseudopeptide (2: ), as well as three pseudopeptides, including andrimid (10: ), moiramide B (11: ), and moiramide C (12: ), and several alkaloids from <i>V. tubiashii</i> DJW05 - 1. Further investigation into the combined applications of the major antimicrobial compound and commercial antibiotics revealed that andrimid (10: ) displayed significant inhibitory effects against gram-positive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and gram-negative <i>Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium</i>, and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, but not <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. Nevertheless, the potential for synergistic and additive effects of andrimid (10: ) with certain antibiotics remains, presenting valuable prospects for medicinal applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"371-381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monotherapy or Combination Therapy of Oleanolic Acid? From Therapeutic Significance and Drug Delivery to Clinical Studies: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Md Adil Shaharyar, Tanmoy Banerjee, Monalisha Sengupta, Rudranil Bhowmik, Arnab Sarkar, Pallab Mandal, Sami I Alzarea, Nilanjan Ghosh, Jamal Akhtar, Imran Kazmi, Sanmoy Karmakar","doi":"10.1055/a-2510-9958","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2510-9958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oleanolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid molecule widely distributed throughout medicinal plants. This naturally occurring oleanolic acid has attracted considerable interest due to its wide range of pharmacological characteristics, notably its cytotoxic effects on various human cancer cell lines, making it a potential candidate for extensive therapeutic uses. <i>In vivo</i> studies have shown that oleanolic acid possesses hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. The inherent obstacles of oleanolic acid, such as low permeability, limited bioavailability, and poor water solubility, have restricted its therapeutic applicability. However, recent developments in drug delivery techniques have given oleanolic acid an additional advantage by overcoming issues with its solubility, stability, and bioavailability. This review briefly summarises the signalling pathways involved in the pharmacological activities of oleanolic acid as a monotherapy and in combination with other drugs. The review devotes a substantial portion to explaining the formulation developments, emphasising nanotechnology as a key factor in the improvement of the therapeutic potential of oleanolic acid. Several investigated novel formulations have been discussed, including liposomes, nanoemulsions, phospholipids, and polymeric nanoparticles, emerging synergistically as an efficient delivery of oleanolic acid and several other drugs. Based on our literature evaluation, it can be inferred that combination therapy had a more favourable outcome than using oleanolic acid alone in <i>in vivo</i> trials, primarily due to its synergistic effects. However, it is essential to note that this finding was inconsistent across all investigations. The combination of oleanolic acid with other drugs has not yet been considered for clinical trials. However, it is interesting that neither therapy has obtained approval from the U. S. Food and Drug Administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"306-319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142953079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Tanshinone IIA Derivatives for Cardioprotection in Myocardial Ischemic Injury.","authors":"Zhiwu Wu, Ying Xu, Ximing Guo, Zhilan Zhang, Jinxin Wang, Yiqun Tang","doi":"10.1055/a-2565-8285","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2565-8285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tanshinone ⅡA (TSA), a component of traditional Chinese medicine, effectively protects against myocardial injury. However, its clinical application is limited by poor water solubility and a short half-life. In this study, we report on four TSA derivatives designed and synthesized by our research group. The protective activity against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in cells was evaluated, and derivative Ⅰ-3 was selected for <i>in vivo</i> experiments to verify its myocardial protective activity in rats with myocardial infarction. The results demonstrated that these four compounds could protect neonatal rat cardiomyocytes from hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. Among the derivatives, Ⅰ-3 showing superior protective effects, we found that Ⅰ-3 has enhanced metabolic stability and an extended half-life. Ⅰ-3 exhibited superior biological activity, effectively reducing the heart infarction area, alleviating myocardial hypertrophy, and enhancing cardiac pumping function. Ⅰ-3 reported in the present work represents a novel and effective derivative of TSA, showing great potential for the treatment of myocardial ischemia (MI).</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angelicone Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis in Mice via Modulating Gut Microbiota.","authors":"Chengwei Ruan, Weiwei Gao, Guoguo Wang, Wenting Fan, Weifeng Zhang, Shuang Tao, Zheng Wu","doi":"10.1055/a-2565-6197","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2565-6197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a persistent, periodically reoccurring inflammatory condition that impacts the gastrointestinal tract. Angelicone, a principal compound extracted from <i>Angelica sinensis</i>, may offer a potential alternative therapeutic approach for UC through the downregulation of inflammatory mediators. Nonetheless, the pharmacological impacts and molecular pathways of angelicone in UC management, particularly in relation to gut microbiota, remain unexplored. The current study scrutinized the modifications in gut microbiota in mice afflicted with UC, induced by 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), utilizing 16S rRNA sequencing. The study demonstrated that angelicone substantially enhanced clinical indices, mitigated colonic damage, decreased cytokine levels, and reestablished the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier in UC mice. Furthermore, we discerned distinct bacterial genera that were responsive to angelicone treatment. Importantly, angelicone augmented the abundance of gut microbiota and partially reinstated the disrupted intestinal microbial composition, inclusive of the phyla <i>Proteobacteria, Firmicutes</i>, and <i>Bacteroidetes</i>. To summarize, our research offers novel perspectives into the intervention mechanisms of angelicone in the treatment of UC.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery techniques for Hydroxynaphthoquinone Enantiomers of Alkanna tinctoria (L.) from Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents: A Comparative Analysis.","authors":"Elodie Bossard, Nikolaos Tsafantakis, Nektarios Aligiannis, Ioanna Chinou, Nikolas Fokialakis","doi":"10.1055/a-2563-7599","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2563-7599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A natural deep eutectic solvent (NaDES) composed of levulinic acid and glucose using a molar ratio of 5 : 1 (mol_HBA:mol_HBD) and 20% of water (w/w) (LeG_5_20) was found as a great alternative to the commonly used organic solvents for the extraction of hydroxynaphthoquinone enantiomers (HNQs) from <i>Alkanna tinctoria</i> (L.) Tausch roots. In the present work, a comparative investigation of recovery methods for HNQs, such as solid-phase extraction, macroporous resin, and water as an anti-solvent, was performed to face the main disadvantage of NaDES: the inability to be evaporated. The highest recovery of HNQs was recorded using the solid-phase extraction on a reversed-phase C8 cartridge with a total hydroxynaphthoquinone content (TNC) of 46.79 ± 0.952 mg/g of dry weight (DW). In addition, a great recovery of HNQs was also reported for the macroporous resin Amberlite XAD 4 with a TNC value of 37.21 ± 1.789 mg/g DW, while the precipitation of HNQs by using water as an anti-solvent (1 : 5, v/v) offered a TNC value of 28.68 ± 0.023 mg/g DW. The macroporous resin Amberlite XAD also showed a great potential for larger-scale applications. In fact, the developed scale-up process, involving Amberlite XAD 4, showed a great recovery efficiency for HNQs (34.126 ± 1.093 mg/g DW), an acceptable robustness (RSD < 15%), and the possibility of recycling LeG_5_20 with a recovery greater than 50%; therefore, it is an excellent green alternative extraction procedure for HNQs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Neutral Glucan Extracted from Dried Ginger (Zingiberis Rhizoma): Preparation, Structure Characterization, and Immunomodulatory Activity.","authors":"Long Sun, Xing Ni, Yulin Liu, Yantao Jiang, Pei-Pei Wang, Jingdong Gao","doi":"10.1055/a-2574-2730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2574-2730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A neutral glucan, GJ0D, was obtained from dried ginger (Zingiberis rhizoma) by enzymatic extraction and purification with column chromatography. The fine structure of GJ0D was assessed through monosaccharide composition analysis, methylation, and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance. GJ0D has a relative molecular weight of 4.0 KDa and possesses a backbone consisting of 1,4-linked <i>α</i>-Glc<i>p</i> with substitution at C-6 of Glc<i>p</i> by T-Glc<i>p</i>. Immunoactivity assessment showed that GJ0D significantly upregulates the expression of IL-6, IL-1<i>β</i>, and TNF-<i>α</i> in RAW264.7 cells. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was also increased in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, the expression of several proteins associated with immune activation signaling pathways including TLR4, the phosphorylation of IKK<i>β</i>, and NF-<i>κ</i>B (p100 and p52) were significantly upregulated by GJ0D. These results suggest that GJ0D could promote inflammation through the TLR4/IKK<i>β</i>/P100 signaling pathway, suggesting a potential application as an immunomodulating agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex Standard Formulation as an Example for Synergism and Improved Antibacterial Activity Against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli for Urinary Tract Infections.","authors":"Steffen Boertz, Madhubani Dey, Fabian Herrmann, Stefan Esch, Jandirk Sendker, Ulrich Dobrindt, Andreas Hensel","doi":"10.1055/a-2563-7503","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2563-7503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For the treatment of urinary tract infections, mixtures of different herbal materials are frequently used within traditional clinical practice. A complex formulation, widely used in Germany for the preparation of aqueous extracts with <i>Betula</i> sp., <i>Agropyron repens, Solidago gigantea</i>, and <i>Ononis spinosa</i>, was infused as a mixture from all four components (combined extract). In addition, the four herbs were extracted separately, and the extracts were mixed subsequently (separate extract). None of the extracts influenced the proliferation of UPEC-UTI89 and the cell viability of T24 bladder cells. The combined extract significantly reduced the activity of type-1 fimbriae of UPEC CFT073. This effect was not observed for the mixture of the separately extracted herbs. Systematic investigation of the combined extract and binary mixtures by LC-MS and bioassays indicated that a series of malonylated dammarane triterpenes from <i>Betula</i> spp. leaves was extracted in the presence of <i>Solidago</i> sp. These dammaranes are responsible for the antiadhesive effect. The combined extract of <i>Betula</i> sp. and <i>Solidago gigantea</i> BSC, as well as a dammarane-enhanced fraction (DEF), showed significant antiadhesive effects in a 2D-adhesion assay, as well as in three-dimensional RT4- bladder cell spheroids. RT-qPCR of UTI89 incubated with DEF indicated downregulation of <i>fimC, fimD</i>, and <i>fimH</i> with impact on the chaperone-usher system and correct pili formation. Increased expression of the motility gene <i>fliC</i> indicates a switch from a static to a motile lifestyle. The S-fimbrial gene <i>sfaG</i> was significantly downregulated, but this did not result in phenotypic changes. Based on an improved extraction of birch leaf constituents, the data rationalize the importance of combinations of herbal drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory Potential of Plants of Genus Rhus: Decrease in Inflammatory Mediators In Vitro and In Vivo - a Systematic Review.","authors":"Alejandra Jazmín Rodríguez-Castillo, César Pacheco-Tena, Rubén Cuevas-Martínez, Blanca Estela Sánchez-Ramírez, Susana Aideé González-Chávez","doi":"10.1055/a-2535-1655","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2535-1655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants from the <i>Rhus</i> genus are renowned for their medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory effects; however, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. This systematic review, conducted following PRISMA guidelines, evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of <i>Rhus</i> plants and explored their potential pharmacological mechanisms. A total of 35 articles were included, with the majority demonstrating a low-risk bias, as assessed using the SYRCLE tool. <i>Rhus verniciflua, Rhus chinensis, Rhus coriaria, Rhus succedanea, Rhus tripartite, Rhus crenata</i>, and <i>Rhus trilobata</i> were analyzed in the reviewed articles. <i>In vitro</i> studies consistently demonstrated the ability of <i>Rhus</i> plants to reduce key inflammatory mediators such as TNF-<i>α</i>, IL-1<i>β</i>, and IL-6. <i>In vivo</i> studies confirmed these effects in murine models of inflammation, with doses mostly of 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight, with no reports of toxicity. Fifty-four distinct inflammatory mediators were assessed <i>in vivo</i>; no pattern of mediators was identified that could elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the action of <i>Rhus</i> in acute or chronic inflammation. The clinical trial reported anti-inflammatory effects in humans at 1000 mg/kg for 6 weeks. The review data on the <i>Rhus</i>-mediated reduction in inflammatory mediators were integrated and visualized using the Reactome bioinformatics database, which suggested that the mechanism of action of <i>Rhus</i> involves the inhibition of inflammasome signaling. These findings support the potential of <i>Rhus</i> plants as a basis for developing anti-inflammatory therapies. Further research is needed to optimize dosage regimens and fully explore their pharmacological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20127,"journal":{"name":"Planta medica","volume":" ","pages":"238-258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}