PSN: Public Administration (Development) (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Основные Принципы Антикризисного Управления и Механизмы Антикризисного Регулирования и Надзора (Basic Principles of Crisis Management and Crisis Management Mechanisms and Oversight)","authors":"O. Egorova, M. E. Kadoshnikova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2772037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2772037","url":null,"abstract":"The global financial crisis has shown that the creation of mechanisms for early intervention in the activities of troubled banks is a necessary measure in order to maintain the stability of financial systems. Today the regulation of banking activities should be built in such a way as to reduce the likelihood, severity and costs of future crises. An important task is the development of technology forecasting future risks and their correct assessment.","PeriodicalId":201243,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Public Administration (Development) (Topic)","volume":"10 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114005277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flag-Bearers of a New Era?: The Evolution of New Regulatory Institutions in India (1991-2016)","authors":"Arun K. Thiruvengadam","doi":"10.4337/9781784718671.00021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781784718671.00021","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a critical, descriptive account of the emergence of a select few regulatory state institutions in India since the early 1990s, when the national government initiated a series of new economic policies. The creation and evolution of these institutions has arguably altered the landscape of Indian administrative law in fundamental ways, the significance and impact of which has yet to be carefully studied and understood. In describing the factors that influenced the formation and evolution of these new regulatory institutions, I analyse their original design and critically assess their functioning across the quarter century of their existence. The momentous events of 1991 heralded a series of changes in the economic, political and legal landscape that some believe ‘transformed India in the everyday’. The quarter century anniversary of those events provides an auspicious occasion to reflect upon and review their consequences. The Indian ‘regulatory state’ is characterized, as in other jurisdictions, by: an expanded role for markets, greater private sector participation in all facets of societies, and withdrawal of the state from the direct provision of services and as the dominant employer. The new regulatory state is said to have been motivated by a desire, held closely by at least some of its principal actors, for ‘greater reliance on institutions operating at arm’s length from government, insulated from daily political pressures, and embedding their decisions in technical expertise’ (Dubash and Morgan 2013, 3). A principal objective, apparently, was the hope that the new regulatory institutions would transform what was a hopelessly politicized governance culture into one that was rule-bound, apolitical and technocratic in its design and operation. The chapter is organized as follows: Section 1 focuses on the way the framers of the Indian constitution conceived of economic regulation, and reviews the post-independence experience with economic regulation until the early 1990s, before detailing the new regulatory institutions that emerged and analyzing some of their structural features, powers, capacities and limitations. Although dealing with new regulatory institutions as a whole, the focus is on three sectors: telecom, electricity and the securities sectors. Section 2 unpacks the concept of independence both conceptually and as it has been incorporated into the new regulatory institutions in India, before suggesting some ways to resolve the problems that these regulatory institutions have confronted. I argue that as these regulatory institutions mature and move into the next phase of their evolution, far greater attention needs to be paid to the appointments process and the persons who are selected as regulators. There is a dire need for specialized knowledge and skills. The current system where mostly retired bureaucrats are appointed to these positions needs to be reviewed and changed.","PeriodicalId":201243,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Public Administration (Development) (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129249802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Методики Оценки Кадровых Потребностей и Материального Стимулирования Федеральных Государственных Гражданских Служащих С Учетом Внедрения Программно-Целевых Методов Государственного Управления (Techniques for Evaluating Staffing Needs and Incentives of Federal Civil Servants, Considering the Implemen","authors":"V. Yuzhakov, Elena Dobrolyubova","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2749528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2749528","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: В работе представлены методика оценки кадровых потребностей федеральных органов исполнительной власти в рамках внедрения программно-целевых методов государственного управления и методика оценки результативности профессиональной служебной деятельности федеральных государственных гражданских служащих с учетом внедрения программно-целевых методов управления.Данные методики разработаны с учетом проблем, выявленных в рамках анализа практики нормирования численности и материального стимулирования государственных гражданских служащих, учитывают зарубежный опыт реализации механизмов стратегического управления кадрами, а также практику и требования к внедрению программно-целевых методов управления в Российской Федерации.English Abstract: The paper presents the method of estimating the staffing requirements of the federal bodies of executive authority in the framework of the implementation of program-targeted methods of governance and methods of performance evaluation of professional performance of federal civil servants, taking into account the implementation of program-target methods of management.These techniques are designed to meet the challenges identified in the analysis of the number of valuation practices and material incentives for civil servants, take into account the international experience of the implementation of strategic human resource management mechanisms, as well as the practices and requirements for the implementation of program-target methods of management in the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":201243,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Public Administration (Development) (Topic)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126894576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accountability, Career Incentives, and Pollution: The Case Of Two Control Zones in China","authors":"Y. Chen, Pei Li, Yi Lu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2703239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2703239","url":null,"abstract":"We provide empirical evidence on the effectiveness of target-based performance evaluation for bureaucrats in the context of the Two Control Zones policy in China. In 2006, the Chinese central government made sulphur dixoide (SO2) emissions cuts a major performance evaluation criterion for prefectural city mayors and party secretaries. We compare emissions reductions in these so-called Two Control Zone cities, where more stringent emissions quotas were imposed, with reductions in non-control cities. Our results suggest that the new evaluation system is effective in achieving the target policy output. Adding the emission cuts into local bureaucrats’ performance evaluation significantly reduces the actual SO2 emissions. We further analyze the channels through which the policy operates and show that the new evaluation system changes bureaucrats’ behavior and induces them to exert more effort on controlling environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":201243,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Public Administration (Development) (Topic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122237210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Механизмы Общественного Контроля За Деятельностью Органов Государственной Власти в Современной России (The Mechanisms of Public Control Over the Activities of Public Authorities in Modern Russia)","authors":"G. Ivleva, O. Koroteeva","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2626407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2626407","url":null,"abstract":"At present the Russian state and civil society are intrinsically interested in constant contact and cooperation to ensure timely response to challenges and threats to the social and economic development of the country. The effectiveness of the Russian state and its ability to advance strategic goals of the country is ensured by its greater transparency and accountability to the society.Despite ongoing efforts to set up procedures of interaction between the state and society, these initiatives have not gained sufficient popularity among Russian citizens. At the same time, independent non-government platforms allowing citizens to express their views on current issues have existed for quite a long time.","PeriodicalId":201243,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Public Administration (Development) (Topic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127188925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of E-Service in Economic Development, Case Study of Nigeria, A Lower-Middle Income Country","authors":"Kazeem Oluwakemi Oseni, K. Dingley","doi":"10.5121/ijmit.2015.7202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5121/ijmit.2015.7202","url":null,"abstract":"E-Government activities are still very low in Nigeria, a lower middle-income country, and this is hindering E-Service adoption. E-Service is inextricably linked to E-Government and they will not develop separately, but as one progresses the other moves forward. Having a new technology like E-service opens new opportunities for government, private and public sectors. Despite the fact that the new technology will not be without a hindrance, the overall benefits of using outweigh its lapses.<br><br>Nigeria has overtaken South Africa as top Africa economy. There is still more to be done in increasing the revenue of the country, reducing the huge external debt owing the World Bank. Furthermore, there is a need to sustain the new status as top economy in Africa. There are many unresolved problems like corruption. This leads to a slow movement of files in offices, embezzlement, election irregularities, and port congestions among others. Adoption of E-Service will help to reduce these problems and increase the revenue base of the country.<br><br>This study will identify e-Service roles in economic development in Nigeria, a lower middle-incomecountry. The study is based on literature review methodology and recent online survey that shows the level of E-Service awareness and roles. We shall also examine previous conference papers related to this study and necessary recommendations will be suggested and offered to the authority in Nigeria on how best the e-service adoption will add more success to the economic development.","PeriodicalId":201243,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Public Administration (Development) (Topic)","volume":"8 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134192930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Развитие механизмов «открытого правительства» в России (Development of 'Open Government' Mechanisms in Russia)","authors":"P. Pavlov","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2609365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2609365","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: Первый раздел данной работы посвящен проблематике формирования в России современных инструментов взаимодействия власти и общества. Представлена типология потенциальных пользователей механизмов «Открытого правительства» и охарактеризованы факторы спроса на новые инструменты взаимодействия власти и общества с учетом некоторых российских институциональных особенностей. Сформулированы рекомендации по стимулированию спроса на механизмы «Открытого правительства» в России.Второй раздел данной работы посвящен проблематике современных инструментов обеспечения подотчетности государства. В работе приведен анализ ключевых проблем реализации инициативы системы «Открытое правительство» в области публикации федеральными органами исполнительной власти РФ наборов открытых данных. Сформулированы рекомендации в области завершения оформления инструмента «открытые данные» как института.Третий раздел данной работы посвящен разработке типологии электронных петиций, публикуемых на портале «Российская общественная инициатива». Предложены подходы к прогнозированию перспектив реализации электронных петиций, влияющих на благосостояние различных общественных групп.English Abstract: The first chapter of this paper focuses on formation of modern tools of interaction between government and society in Russia. It presents a typology of potential users of the \"Open Government\" system in Russia, provides factors of demand for new tools of interaction between society and the authorities given some institutional features of the Russian society.The second chapter of the paper focuses on modern tools to ensure government accountability. It analyzes the key problems of the initiative of the \"Open Government\" system in publication of open data sets by federal executive authorities of the Russian Federation. It provides recommendations to complete the setup of «open data» tool as an institution.The third chapter of this paper provides a typology of electronic petitions, published on the website of \"The Russian Public Initiative\". It presents approaches to forecasting the prospects for implementing electronic petitions affecting the well-being of different social groups.","PeriodicalId":201243,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Public Administration (Development) (Topic)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124920848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Осуществление Риск-Ориентированного Государ-Ственного Регулирования в Российских Условиях (Implementation of Risk-Based State-Government Regulation in the Russian Conditions)","authors":"G. Ivleva, E. Borovikova, R. Melnikov","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2590312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2590312","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: Риск-ориентированные методы принятия решений в системе государственного управления нашли свое применение в ряде зарубежных стран с развитой экономикой, а также в России. Экономические кризисы, факторы, приводящие к финансовой нестабильности, проблемам в финансовом и реальном секторах эконо-мики создают условия для нарастания рисков и усложняют процессы регулирования экономики методами государственного воздействия. В этих условиях возникает по-требность в исследовании накопленного опыта риск-ориентированного регулирова-ния в России. Высокий интерес также представляют внутренние механизмы оценки и управления рисками подконтрольными субъектами. Представленная работа вклю-чает анализ российской практики риск-ориентированного регулирования, предложения по развитию его инструментов.English Abstract: Risk-based methods of taking decisions in the system of public administration have found applying in foreign countries with developed economics and in Russia. Economic crisis, factors, which result to financial instability, problems in financial and real sector of the economy create situation of rising risks and complicate the processes of regulation of economics by the methods of government impact. In such situation there is a need to study the accumulated experience of risk-based regulation in Russia. High interest is connected with the internal mechanisms of evaluating of risks and managing of risks by controlled entities. Presented work includes analysis of Russian practice of risk-based regulation, proposals for development tools.","PeriodicalId":201243,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Public Administration (Development) (Topic)","volume":"35 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120860737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Способы Материального Стимулирования На Государственной Гражданской Службе: Обзор, Анализ и Предложения (Methods of Material Incentives in the Civil Service: The Review, Analysis and Proposals)","authors":"V. Yuzhakov, Elena Dobrolyubova, Tatarinova Ludmila, T. Schukina","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2608457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2608457","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: Представлен проведенный авторами обзор международного опыта материального стимулирования на государственной гражданской службе и представлены результаты исследования практики материального стимулирования государственных гражданских служащих федерального и регионального уровня.На основе обобщения данных федеральных органов исполнительной власти и субъектов Российской Федерации с учетом практики развитых зарубежных стран сформированы предложения по различным способам материального стимулирования на государственной гражданской службы. Особое внимание уделено вопросам взаимосвязи оплаты труда государственных гражданских служащих и результативности их профессиональной служебной деятельности.English Abstract: Author's review of international experience of material incentives in the civil service and the results of the study practice material incentives for civil servants at federal and regional level are presented.On the basis of generalization of data of federal executive bodies and subjects of the Russian Federation with regard to the practice of developed foreign countries authors formed proposals on various methods of material incentives in the civil service. Particular attention is paid to the relationship of wages of civil servants and effectiveness of their professional performance.","PeriodicalId":201243,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Public Administration (Development) (Topic)","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121151585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Гендерный Ресурс Государственного Управления: От Советского Прошлого К Постсоветскому Будущему (Gender Resource of the Public Administration from the Soviet Past to the Post-Soviet Future)","authors":"L. Vasilenko, Marina Kashina","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2602182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2602182","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: Гендерный ресурс государственного управления – это потенциал использования совокупности капиталов гендерных групп для решения задач общественного развития. Создание и конвертация этих капиталов детерминируется функционированием основных институтов общества – семьи, государства, рынка, политических институтов, институтов гражданского общества, а также особенностями гендерной системы и режимом воспроизводства населения. В статье гендерный ресурс рассматривается в исторической и аналитической перспективах. Основное внимание уделено его женской составляющей. Это вызвано не тем, что она более значима, а тем, что менее эффективно используется государством. Показано, как применялся женский труд в советское время, какие последствия имел выход женщин на рынок труда для развития их экономического, политического, административного, человеческого, культурного, символического, социального и физического капиталов. Подчеркивается, что ключевой особенностью советского варианта использования гендерного ресурса для решения государственных задач выступает его расточительный характер. Проанализирована динамика развития капиталов гендерных групп в современной России. Сделан вывод, что экономические реформы изменяют положение женщин обществе, а сдвиг интереса государства от трудовой функции женщин к репродуктивной ухудшает возможности воспроизводства и конвертации их капиталов. В то же время долгосрочные управленческие эффекты могут быть получены на пути поддержки эгалитарных, а не консервативных тенденций в развитии отношений между мужчинами и женщинами потому, что они больше вписываются в общую логику повышения сложности современного мира, перехода от патерналистского характера властных отношений к плюрализму, открытости, транспаретности. English Abstract: Gender Resource of public administration – is the potential of using of the aggregate capital of gender groups to solve the problems of social development. The creation and the conversion of these capitals are determined by the functioning of the main institutions of the society - the family, the state, the market, the political institutions, the institutions of the civil society, and especially the gender system and the pattern of reproduction. The article looks at the gender resource in its historical and analytical perspectives. The female part of it is the focus of the article. It is not caused by its being more important. The reason is that it is less efficiently used by the public administration. The practice of using female labor in the Soviet time, the impact of the women output to the labor market for the development of their economic, political, administrative, human, cultural, symbolic, social and physical capitals are presented in the article. The authors emphasized that the prodigal way is the key feature of the Soviet way of the usage of the gender resource for solving social problems. The dynamics of capital gender groups in modern Russia has been analyzed by the authors. It is con","PeriodicalId":201243,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Public Administration (Development) (Topic)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122722587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}