Phytochemical Analysis最新文献

{"title":"Dereplicative Combination of HPLC/DAD/MS and 2D NMR to Identify Lichexanthone Isomers in Lichen Extracts.","authors":"Solenn Ferron, Marylène Chollet-Krugler, Hermann Pinson, Rania Marzoug, Philippe Uriac, Françoise Lohézic-Le Dévéhat","doi":"10.1002/pca.70043","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lichexanthones are the major xanthones found in lichens. They present a high degree of isomerism, which makes their identification tedious. Xanthones are known to occur in lichens according to chemosyndromes, and these compounds act as chemotaxonomic markers. Many lichens that produce xanthones are crustose lichens from Lecanora or Pertusaria genera, which often leads to small amounts of extracts being analyzed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to set up a method able to identify the right isomers of lichexanthones contained in the extract of a xanthone-producing lichen. This method has to produce reliable results even without all the possible isomers at hand, as they are numerous and difficult to obtain.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The 16 norlichexanthones were obtained by a strategy combining isolation and synthesis. All of them were characterized by a full set of NMR experiments, highlighting key features, and an HPLC/DAD/MS method was developed. To exemplify the method, selected lichens were submitted to acetone microextraction and the extracts were analyzed by HPLC/DAD/MS and NMR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All norlichexanthones were well separated by HPLC/DAD/MS, which enables their identification in the lichen extracts, provided that the retention time of all the isomers is known; ¹³C NMR is very informative about the position of chlorine in norlichexanthones but lacks sensitivity. 2D NMR provides a high level of structural information even on complex extracts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In addition to HPLC/DAD/MS, NMR can be used directly on a lichen extract to confirm the positions of the chlorine atoms on the lichexanthone scaffold, thanks to the HSQC experiment. Furthermore, the NOESY experiment gives the position of methylations for a comprehensive overview of the substitution patterns involved in the extract of a xanthone-producing lichen, without requiring the entire series of the 64 derivatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"330-343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12961365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145708956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality Control of Herbal Medicine Based on Analytical Techniques and Machine Learning: Current Advances and Future Perspectives.","authors":"Yihong Shen, Huan Du, Fenglian Liu, Xiaolin Gou, Yiwen Tao, Xinge Lan, Jing Zhang, Yinghao Yin, Qi Li, Gang Fan","doi":"10.1002/pca.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study enhances the quality control (QC) system essential for the modernization and global acceptance of herbal medicines (HMs).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review systematically explores the transformative integration of modern analytical technologies (e.g., IR, MS, and NMR) with machine learning (ML) for advancing HMs QC. Focusing on research from the past 10 years, we highlight groundbreaking applications in three pivotal areas: geographical origin tracing, adulteration detection, and species identification of HMs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive review of the literature from the past 10 years was conducted, focusing on geographical origin tracing, adulteration detection, and species identification of HMs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Providing a structured overview of analytical technologies and ML algorithmic principles demonstrates how ML models decode complex, high-dimensional chemical data to establish predictive and holistic quality assessment frameworks that transcend the limitations of single-marker analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This synthesis maps the current research landscape and is a foundational reference for guiding future efforts toward standardized, data-driven, and intelligent quality assurance in HMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147271877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Deconstruction of Natural Lignocellulose/Eucommia ulmoides Gum Composite by Recyclable Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvents.","authors":"Fangli Huang, Yuchun Xiao, Jian He, Shima Liu, Jie Guo, Ke Song, Xianwu Zhou","doi":"10.1002/pca.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Eucommia ulmoides biomass is a natural composite comprising E. ulmoides lignocellulose (LC) and E. ulmoides gum (EUG). However, the full utilization of this composite system is hindered by its structural complexity.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to identify an optimal acidic deep eutectic solvent (DES) system for the selective deconstruction of the lignocellulose/E. ulmoides gum (LC/EUG) composite and to unlock the application potential of this natural composite.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>E. ulmoides Oliver pericarp (EUP) was used as a feedstock in this study, and the composition and structure alterations induced in the LC/EUG system by pretreatment with six acidic choline chloride-based DES formulations were systematically evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under optimized conditions (ChCl/oxalic acid, solid-to-liquid ratio 1:35, molar ratio 1:2, 110°C, 3 h), delignification and hemicellulose removal reached 88.72% and 85.46%, respectively, with more than 90% cellulose retention. Moreover, the relative content of EUG in the solid substrate increased from 11.81% to 21.26%. The DES still maintained an efficiency of over 70% in removing hemicellulose and lignin even after five recycling cycles, which highlights its good sustainability. In addition, DES pretreatment led to an increase in the crystallinity index (CrI) of cellulose from 56.68% to 63.35%, disruption of the lignin-hemicellulose matrix, and the formation of a highly porous, cellulose-rich surface. The extracted lignin featured low condensation and a high specific surface area, rendering it suitable for synthesizing high-value-added materials and chemicals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This work provides insights into targeted modulation of natural polymer composites in biomass and offers references for green solvents in E. ulmoides valorization.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147271923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Compatibility of Main Effective Parts of Astragali Radix-Safflower for the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion by Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics Analysis Based on Microdialysis and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.","authors":"Xinyu Dong, Peng Zhou, Qiaomei Lou, Chang Li, Yu Du, Yu He","doi":"10.1002/pca.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To research the therapeutic effect and compatibility mechanism of Astragali Radix-Safflower (ARSA) main effective parts in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI), especially pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics study.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Nine formulas of three main effective parts (total flavonoids of Astragali Radix, total saponins of Astragali Radix and safflower yellow pigment) of ARSA were formulated according to L₉ (3⁴) orthogonal design. The sample collection was performed via blood-brain dual-channel microdialysis, combined with LC-MS/MS to quantify six components (hydroxysafflor yellow A, astragaloside IV, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, ononin, calycosin, and formononetin) of ARSA and five neurotransmitters (aspartic acid, 5-hydroxytryptamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, dopamine, and glutamate) associated with CI/RI. The entropy weight method and the partial least square method were applied to analyze data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The best compatibility prescription of the main effective parts of ARSA was total flavonoids of Astragali Radix 600 mg/kg, total saponins of Astragali Radix 140 mg/kg, and safflower yellow pigment 840 mg/kg, which had a better therapeutic effect and the largest total area under the curve than other formulas. Undergoing CI/RI, glutamate was primarily regulated among the five neurotransmitters, and the components with the greater impact on neurotransmitter modulation were hydroxysafflor yellow A and astragaloside IV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The different compatibility of effective parts of traditional Chinese medicine would influence the pharmacokinetics parameters of each active component in CI/RI rats. Orthogonal compatibility and total statistical moment method provided a way to find the best compatibility. This study provided a pattern for the exploration of traditional Chinese medicine compatibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome Insight Into the Identification of Novel Luteolin 7-O-Glucosyltransferase From Lonicerae Japonicae Flos Under Salt Stress.","authors":"Zhichen Cai, Cuihua Chen, Jingjing Shi, Lisi Zou, Xunhong Liu","doi":"10.1002/pca.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Salt stress represents a critical abiotic constraint affecting the growth of medicinal plants and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. While glycosylation plays an established role in plant stress adaptation mechanisms, the specific functional contributions of uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferases (UGTs) to salt stress responses remain insufficiently characterized. Cynaroside (luteolin 7-O-glucoside) is a pharmaceutically valuable flavone glycoside demonstrating enhanced accumulation under saline conditions, and the coordinated upregulation of UGTs in salt-stressed Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (LJF) prompted an investigation into specific glycosyltransferases mediating this stress-induced metabolic response.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to identify and functionally characterize the UGTs involved in the biosynthesis of cynaroside in LJF under salt stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The transcriptomes and metabolomes of LJF under salt stress were comprehensively analyzed to identify candidate UGTs. Then, heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, protein purification technology, enzyme catalysis experiments, and molecular docking were conducted to further verify its catalytic activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A novel glycosyltransferase was identified from LJF. Functional characterization demonstrated the recombinant enzyme's capacity to catalyze luteolin glycosylation, producing cynaroside through regioselective glucose conjugation. Molecular docking simulations revealed stable binding of luteolin to Lj7OGT3's conserved PSPG motif (plant secondary product glycosyltransferase signature domain), providing structural insights into its catalytic mechanism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified the role of Lj7OGT3 in enhancing cynaroside production under salt stress, which further deepened our understanding of stress-responsive secondary metabolism. Simultaneously, expanding the database of plant functional glycosyltransferases. These findings provide a biochemical foundation for engineering stress-resilient medicinal plants and developing biotechnological platforms for optimized production of bioactive glycosides.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146166308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coaxial Oil-Polymer-Salt Three-Liquid-Phase Centrifugal Platform for the Extraction of the Active Ingredients From the Natural Products.","authors":"Aoli Ye, Yue Xiong, Ranran Ma, Xinyi Yang, Peng-Bo Duan, Anqi Wu, E-Hu Liu, Dong Liu, Deli Xiao","doi":"10.1002/pca.70026","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco is a unique tree species in China with a long cultivation history and diverse medicinal values. Its dried branches and leaves, called Platycladi Cacumen (PC), contain bioactive compounds. However, conventional extraction methods such as leaching or steam distillation are often associated with high consumption of reagents, time, and energy.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to develop an efficient and environmentally friendly approach for extracting flavonoids from PC by integrating the \"oil-polymer-salt\" three-liquid-phase system (OPS-TLPS) with coaxial liquid centrifugal technology.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The OPs-TLPS was constructed using di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (D2EHPA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and sodium citrate. During the study, a stable OPs-TLPS was screened by varying the phase-forming substances of the salts and oil-phase reagents, and the effects of three-phase mass fraction and reaction conditions on the extraction of active components from PC were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The D2EHPA-PEG-sodium citrate system demonstrated high stability and efficiency for flavonoid extraction. Key factors, such as D2EHPA concentration, mass fractions of PEG and sodium citrate, pH, and centrifugal time, significantly influenced yield. After 2 h of extraction, over 50% of flavonoids were successfully partitioned into the oil and PEG phases. The integration of OPS-TLPS with coaxial centrifugation notably reduced organic solvent usage and improved extraction efficiency, offering a more automated and greener alternative to conventional techniques for isolating natural products.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This method provides a novel, sustainable, and efficient strategy for extracting flavonoids from Platycladi Cacumen, with potential applications in natural product extraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"52-71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperspectral Imaging for Detection and Classification of Plant Primary and Secondary Metabolites: A Review.","authors":"Muskan Raghav, Akhilesh Dubey, Jyotsna Singh","doi":"10.1002/pca.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a nondestructive technique that simultaneously captures spectral and spatial information across multiple wavelengths. It has gained importance in plant science for detecting primary metabolites, vital for growth, and secondary metabolites, essential for plant defense and human health. Conventional methods such as chromatography and mass spectrometry, though accurate, are destructive, time-consuming, and require laborious sample preparation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This review examines the potential of HSI as a rapid and noninvasive tool for metabolite detection and classification, emphasizing its role in precision agriculture, plant phenotyping, and medicinal plant research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review summarizes principles of HSI, hardware components, image acquisition strategies, and processing techniques. Special focus is given to the integration of machine learning for extracting and classifying biochemical information from high-dimensional spectral data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Studies show that HSI enables accurate, real-time assessment of plant metabolic profiles. Machine learning approaches enhance predictive performance, while advances in imaging sensors, illumination systems, and computational tools are improving applicability. HSI is increasingly adopted for monitoring plant quality, stress responses, and bioactive compound content.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights HSI as a transformative tool in plant metabolomics, providing scalable, rapid, and sustainable alternatives to traditional methods, with strong potential to advance agricultural productivity and medicinal plant applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"4-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive Spirocyclic C-Arylglycosides From the Fungal-Fungal Co-Culture of Pestalotiopsis sp. and Nigrospora sp.","authors":"Meifang Wu, Yang Jin, Ying Chen, Ziqian Zeng, Wenbin Deng, Xiangdong Su, Yongbo Xue","doi":"10.1002/pca.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In this study, two new papulacandin analogs (1-2), together with 12 known compounds (3-14), were identified from the co-culture of two endophytic fungi, Pestalotiopsis sp. J025 and Nigrospora sp. Wn-2-2, which were isolated from Wikstroemia nutans Champ. ex Benth.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study is to investigate the antifungal activity of papulacandins and other secondary metabolites from the co-culture of two endophytic fungi.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Their chemical structures, including relative configurations, were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analyses, including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, ECD calculations, and quantum mechanical-NMR calculations, as well as comparison with reported analogs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compound 3 demonstrated promising in vitro antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans with a minimum inhibitory concentration in 50% isolates (MIC₅₀) of 0.57 ± 0.01 μM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that the papulacandin family is a promising resource for the development of antifungal agents against invasive Candida infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"28-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polysaccharides as the Key Differentiator in Raw and Processed Pinellia ternata Tubers: Immunostimulatory Effects and Mechanism of Action.","authors":"Trung Huy Ngo, Sunil Mishra, Yun-Seo Kil, Zhiying Chen, Hyukjae Choi, Jae-Hoon Chang, Joo-Won Nam","doi":"10.1002/pca.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Raw tubers of Pinellia ternata (PTRs) and processed ones (PTPs) have varied therapeutic applications in traditional medicine. PTRs are used to treat cancer, whereas PTPs are used to treat coughing and phlegm. The underlying reason for this difference is still unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate whether polysaccharides are the key differentiators in the traditional uses of PTRs and PTPs and to explore the possible mechanism for the immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharides from PTRs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>PTRs and PTPs were used to produce the total polysaccharides PTR.PS and PTP.PS, respectively, which were physiochemically characterized using various techniques, such as gel permeation chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography. Their immunomodulatory activity was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) for the analyses of activation markers and concentrations of cytokines secreted. The mechanistic study was elucidated by Western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Physicochemical characterization revealed that PTR.PS had lower molecular weights and greater abundance of monosaccharide components, including mannose and galacturonic acid, than PTP.PS. The bioactivity analysis result showed that PTR.PS has robust immunostimulatory effects on BMDMs and BMDCs by the upregulation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways leading to the increased expression of activation markers and cytokine secretion. The proinflammatory M1 macrophages induce an inflammatory condition, and the activated dendritic cells can activate T cells for a cell-mediated adaptive immune response.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Polysaccharides are the key difference between PTRs and PTPs, resulting in different immunostimulatory effects, which are regulated through NF-κB and MAPK pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"127-139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality Consistency Monitoring of Alkaloids of Sophora flavescens by Tandem High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Fingerprinting and Linear Quantitative Profiling Method.","authors":"Zhifei Hou, Yongzhen Chang, Jing Zhang, Yan Li, Guoxiang Sun","doi":"10.1002/pca.70027","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pca.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The drug \"alkaloids of Sophora flavescens\" (ASF) is an extract from the dried root of S. flavescens Ai. It has various pharmacological effects including anti-arrhythmia, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-hepatitis, and antimicrobial. As there are many alkaloids with similar structure and properties, the constituent complexity brings a huge challenge in the quality control of ASF.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop new tandem high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprinting methods for the quality control of alkaloids of S. flavescens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ASF samples were tested based on hydrophilic chromatography and ion suppression chromatographic separation mechanisms, separately. Then, the fingerprints of the two separation mechanisms were established and processed by the computer-aided tandem signal method and tandem data method, respectively. The linear quantitative profiling method was used for both qualitative and quantitative evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the tandem signal method and the tandem data method were accurate and consistent. The tandem signal fingerprint can reveal the inherent characteristics of traditional medicinal materials, and it is better than single fingerprints in terms of signal intensity, separation degree, homogeneity, and information abundance. The tandem data method can rapidly realize the comprehensive quality evaluation of the HPLC fingerprints under different separation mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These tandem methods overcome experimental compatibility problems and the limitation of the low information content of the single separation mechanism fingerprints and can reveal the distribution and characteristics of the complex chemical components of traditional medicinal materials in a novel, realistic, and holistic way.</p>","PeriodicalId":20095,"journal":{"name":"Phytochemical Analysis","volume":" ","pages":"72-84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}