PharmaNutrition最新文献

{"title":"Rebuttal to the (pre-proof) paper published by S. Peters and H. Verhagen","authors":"Mathilde Touvier, Pilar Galan, Chantal Julia, Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy, Bernard Srour, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Valentina A. Andreeva, Serge Hercberg","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100386","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140272339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coming from opposite parts of the spectrum of interpreting studies about Nutri-Score: Suggestion of publication bias cannot be denied","authors":"Stephan Peters ,&nbsp;Hans Verhagen","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The front-of-pack label Nutri-Score is currently proposed as the system of choice in seven EU countries. However, there is still much scientific debate about the validation and efficacy of Nutri-Score and there is much discussion about author affiliation and study outcome.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Recently we published our paper: Nutri-Score and publication bias: A complete literature review of the substantiation of the effectiveness of the front-of-pack logo Nutri-Score Peters &amp; Verhagen, PharmaNutrition 27 C (2024) 100380. This paper received a commentary paper by the developers of Nutri-Score: M. Touvier et al., 2024 “Rebuttal to the paper published by S. Peters and H. Verhagen”. We herewith provide an invited commentary to that rebuttal paper, which further supports the observed publication bias.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this response to the rebuttal, we primarily respond on the scientific issues raised in the rebuttal and explain more about our alleged conflict of interest and our motivation to write the paper. Moreover, we basically thank the authors of the rebuttal paper for, perhaps ironically but essentially, confirming our analysis: there is a publication bias versus affiliation.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Overall, the available evidence is clearly limited and biased, and more research is needed to substantiate or disprove the effectiveness of Nutri-Score.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140296341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-targeted approach of garcinol for obesity intervention: Mechanistic insights and possible clinical applications","authors":"Mohd Fadzelly Abu Bakar","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Derived from Garcinia plants, garcinol has gained prominence for its versatile health benefits, ranging from antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties to immunomodulation and anticancer effects. Notably, there is a growing interest in exploring its potential against obesity and related disorders. While hydroxycitric acid (HCA) has been linked to the anti-obesity effects of certain Garcinia fruits, recent research emphasizes the role of garcinol, either alone or in combination, in mediating these effects.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The review was conducted using the databases Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The search was performed using the keywords 'obesity’, 'overweight', 'garcinol', '<em>in vitro</em>’, '<em>in vivo</em>’ and 'clinical studies.' Discussions focused on the effect of garcinol on body weight, obesity and its related complications.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The findings revealed that garcinol, distinct from HCA, plays a central role in anti-obesity effects. Inhibiting fatty acid synthase emerged as a key mechanism, disrupting fatty acid synthesis and facilitating weight control. Garcinol demonstrated effectiveness in appetite suppression, fat reduction, modulation of obesity-related factors, and metabolic enhancement, collectively contributing to weight loss. Furthermore, the study established the bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of garcinol, underscoring its anti-inflammatory properties as valuable in addressing obesity-associated inflammation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>While promising indications from cell, animal, and preliminary clinical studies highlight garcinol's anti-obesity potential, it is crucial to acknowledge that research in this domain is still in its early stages. To conclusively establish the effectiveness and safety of garcinol as an anti-obesity treatment, comprehensive studies, particularly involving human subjects, are imperative.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140192039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, functional, nutritional and clinical aspects of vitamin A: A review","authors":"Mariana S.S. Menezes ,&nbsp;Cristina M.M. Almeida","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The importance of vitamin A to human health is neither a new nor emerging topic; however, information regarding its primary food sources, chemical structure, physiological role, pharmacokinetics, dosage, and relationship with various pathologies is not always concise and hence difficult to understand. Therefore, this review aims to summarise the available information on the role of vitamin A in health and disease in the context of advances in drug discovery and trials.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This review includes research articles published between 1974 and 2022 that were identified using multiple search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. Select keywords were used to maximize the retrieval of relevant results. The criteria included original research and review articles on the topic. The selection of information sources was based on the publication date with a preference for papers published between 2012 and 2022. After excluding conference proceedings, redundant articles, non-English publications, and website publications from food and medical institutions, 106 articles were included.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Vitamin A is a versatile vitamin that is involved in many physiological systems. Previous studies have discovered novel associations between vitamin A and various diseases and potential new indications for drug formulations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Further studies are necessary to assess the efficacy and safety of vitamin A interventions, especially that of retinoids, in the treatment and prevention of several pathologies, some of which are yet to be examined. These future studies could provide better evidence of the clinical significance of retinoids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139966329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-derived phenolic acids in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension: A review of the underlying mechanisms","authors":"Elaheh Mirhadi ,&nbsp;Wael Almahmeed ,&nbsp;Prashant Kesharwani ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive and debilitating disease, as the currently available medications such as endothelin receptor antagonists, nitric oxide, and prostacyclin agonists only provide symptomatic relief without offering a complete cure. Therefore, it is crucial to explore novel approaches that target the underlying cellular and molecular signaling pathways involved in PAH.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Phenolic acids represent a class of phytochemical compounds that possess well-established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making them of significant interest in the treatment of PAH. In this review, we specifically focus on three bioactive components: salvianolic acids, magnesium lithospermate B extracted from <em>Salvia miltiorrhiza</em>, and osthole, which is a coumarin-type compound.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>By examining the therapeutic potential of these compounds, we aim to shed light on their role in mitigating the effects of PAH and contribute to the development of innovative treatment strategies. In the progression of PAH, various functional signaling molecules and pathways are inhibited by phenolic acids. These include p38MAPK, P38, ROS, ROCK, Ras, MEK 1/2, ERK 1/2, TGF β, BMPR-2, Smad 1/5/8, NOX2, NOX4, CDK 4/6. On the other hand, PI3K and AKT pathways are upregulated.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The lack of definitive treatment for PAH highlights the importance of further studies and evaluations to translate these therapies to the clinic, given the outstanding characteristics of phenolic acids.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139883486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of organosulfur compounds in pulmonary hypertension","authors":"Elaheh Mirhadi ,&nbsp;Maryam Mirhadi ,&nbsp;Prashant Kesharwani ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sulfur-containing compounds derived from natural sources, including marine and terrestrial organisms, have garnered significant attention for their potential therapeutic applications in addressing chronic diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Despite available treatments targeting the endothelin, prostacyclin, and nitric oxide pathways, PAH remains a progressive clinical condition.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The characteristic features of PAH, including increased vascular resistance, right ventricular hypertrophy, and remodeling leading to heart failure, have spurred researchers to explore novel treatment approaches. Certain plant species, particularly those belonging to the allium family, have been found to produce sulfur-containing compounds such as cysteine sulfoxides and glucosinolates with protective properties.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Organosulfur compounds (OSCs) have shown promise in reducing inflammatory mediators, including PGE2, NO, and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In this review, we delve into the therapeutic role of specific sulfur-containing compounds, namely sulforaphane, allicin, and hydrogen sulfide, in the treatment of PAH.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139817896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publication bias and Nutri-Score: A complete literature review of the substantiation of the effectiveness of the front-of-pack logo Nutri-Score","authors":"Stephan Peters ,&nbsp;Hans Verhagen","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The front-of-pack label Nutri-Score is currently proposed as the system of choice in seven EU countries. However, there is still much scientific debate about the validation and efficacy of Nutri-Score and there is much discussion about author affiliation and study outcome.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>To address these issues, we conducted a complete PubMed search on Nutri-Score which resulted in n = 180 results and selected all papers that address the relevance of the evidence for the validation of Nutri-Score (n = 104).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our main observations are that the large majority of studies that support the Nutri-Score are carried out by the developers of Nutri-Score. In contrast, the majority (61%) of studies that are carried out independently from the developers of Nutri-Score showed unfavourable results. A second observation is that even though the theoretical effect of Nutri-Score is validated on a multi-nutrient algorithm (FSA-NPS), there is no real-life evidence of any beneficial effects of Nutri-Score on this algorithm in a complete supermarket range. In conclusion, there is insufficient scientific evidence to support the use of Nutri-Score as an effective public health tool.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Overall, the available evidence is limited and biased, and more research is needed to substantiate or disprove the effectiveness of Nutri-Score.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213434424000069/pdfft?md5=345dff8a58f1d4271392ca50e90247d6&pid=1-s2.0-S2213434424000069-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139874812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet marketing of dietary supplements for improving memory and cognitive abilities","authors":"Jelena Banović Fuentes ,&nbsp;Maja Amidžić ,&nbsp;Jovica Banović ,&nbsp;Ljilja Torović","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The use of the internet for researching and purchasing dietary supplements (DS) is rapidly increasing, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic influenced people to seek information related to health problems online. However, internet marketing is not subject to strict controls and can potentially mislead consumers.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study assessed information obtained through internet search on websites for online sale of 75 DS intended for cognitive improvement and prevention of cognitive degeneration.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The analysis revealed a wide array of active substances (126), most often three or more being present in one DS (61.3%). Data on auxiliary substances were present in 74.3% of DS, with 92.7% of DS specifying usage instructions. However, information on references (10.7%), mechanism of action (50.7%), pharmacological (9.3%) and toxicological (5.3%) effects, as well as presence or absence of allergens (21.3%), were considerably less represented. Warnings were not provided in 41.3% of DS, while 77.3% had some information on potential adverse/side effects. Claims, as the primary drivers of supplement promotion, were present in all assessed DS, but in case of USA products were not always followed by FDA disclaimer (8.2%), while in case of EU products, as many as 90.9% had at least one unapproved claim.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Stricter regulations for advertising and selling DS are necessary, along with harmonization among countries, as the internet is a global space that transcends national borders and laws. There is a necessity to enhance inspection oversight and a need for public education on recognizing secure and verified information on the internet.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139632933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunities and challenges in using NIH’s Dietary Supplement Label Database for research on non-nutrient ingredients: Use case for ingredients in honeybee products","authors":"Alessandra Durazzo ,&nbsp;Massimo Lucarini ,&nbsp;Johanna T. Dwyer ,&nbsp;Barbara C. Sorkin ,&nbsp;Michael Heinrich ,&nbsp;Pamela Pehrsson","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Non-nutrient bioactive ingredients of foods such as bee products are often of interest in preclinical and </span>clinical research<span> to explore their possible beneficial effects. The National Institute of Health’s Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) contains over 165,000 labels of dietary supplements marketed in the United States of America (US), including declarations on labels for many ingredients such as those in honeybee products which have been used in foods and traditional medicines for centuries worldwide and are now also appearing in dietary supplements.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This article presents a use case for honeybee products that describes and tests the utility of the DSLD and other databases available in the US as research tools for identifying and quantifying the prevalence of such ingredients. It focuses on the limitations to the information on product composition in these databases and describes how to code the ingredients using the LanguaL™ and FoodEx2 classification and description systems and the strengths and limitations of information on honeybee product ingredients, including propolis, bee pollen, royal jelly, beeswax.</p></div><div><h3>Results and conclusions</h3><p>Codes for the ingredients are provided for identifying their presence in LanguaL™ and FoodEx2 classification and description systems used in Europe and elsewhere. The prevalence of dietary supplement products containing these ingredients in DSLD and on the US market is low compared to some other products and ingredients. Unfortunately label declarations in DSLD do not provide quantitative information and so the data can be used only to screen for their presence, but cannot be used for quantitative exposure estimates by researchers and regulators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139539840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The application of High-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HR NMR) in metabolomic analyses of meconium and stool in newborns. A preliminary pilot study of MABEL project: Metabolomics approach for the assessment of Baby-Mother Enteric Microbiota Legacy","authors":"Alessia Trimigno ,&nbsp;Beata Łoniewska ,&nbsp;Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka ,&nbsp;Mariusz Kaczmarczyk ,&nbsp;Igor Łoniewski ,&nbsp;Gianfranco Picone","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The microbial population living in our intestines plays a key role in several metabolic, nutritional, physiological, and immunological processes. It is known that infant gut microbiota composition has both horizontal transmission delivery and environmental conditions and a vertical one, from mother to child, related to how the infant is fed (breastfed or infant formula). Detailed information on the composition of meconium and feces from newborns may help predict the most prevalent and hazardous conditions affecting pregnancies, mothers, and babies, including pre-term birth, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes mellitus for example.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of the whole High-Resolution proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H HR NMR) procedure in metabolomic analysis in preterm newborns. Thus, multiple samples of meconium and stool were collected from 3 pairs of premature twins and their metabolite profiles were acquired and exploited by combining the NMR technique with univariate and multivariate analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The analysis showed that an impact on the metabolite profile was visible concerning both the sex of the newborns and the couplet of origin. Most of the variation between twin couplets was seen with butyric acid concentration in meconium/stool samples.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Despite the low number of samples, the described NMR procedure showed to be a suitable approach to evaluate the similarities of the molecular profiles of different samples, offering a non-invasive and informative approach to understanding the metabolic and nutritional status of preterm infants. Future metabolomic analysis should be supported by microbiome analysis, such multiomic approach will provide more complex view on development of preterm newborns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213434424000045/pdfft?md5=2e787a7fd6eb933f3dbf7bbe44089a37&pid=1-s2.0-S2213434424000045-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139540728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}