PharmaNutrition最新文献

{"title":"Sociodemographic factors and parental views associated with use of an omega-3 supplement for their children","authors":"Benjamin Haddon Parmenter ,&nbsp;Akkarach Bumrungpert ,&nbsp;George Anthony Thouas","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Omega-3 fatty acids reportedly improve child learning and behavioral outcomes. However, sociodemographic factors and parental perceptions driving omega-3 supplementation in children are not fully understood.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a cross-sectional study design, we examined factors associated with use of a commercial omega-3 supplement for children (1–18 years) among 280 Thai, Chinese and Vietnamese parents.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After adjustment for demographic and lifestyle factors, multivariable logistic regression showed that omega-3 supplement use was higher in children with greater quality of life [OR, 4.81 (95% CI: 1.64, 14.10)] and whose parents had more advanced education [OR, 2.29 (95% CI: 1.02, 5.15)]. Parents who viewed the omega-3 supplement as proven by research [OR, 5.01 (95% CI: 1.83, 13.74)], safe [OR, 7.44 (95% CI: 2.66, 20.80)] and natural [OR, 2.47 (95% CI: 1.09, 5.60)] were more likely to use the product for their child, as were those who reported positive social feedback regarding the product [OR, 2.44 (95% CI: 1.33, 4.48)].</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Omega-3 supplement use among children residing in Asia was associated with better socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics. Parental views concerning the safety and efficacy of the omega-3 product were major predictors of supplementation practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213434422000020/pdfft?md5=1f3e9eecbdc52c4d9872eb624b6fb507&pid=1-s2.0-S2213434422000020-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41910033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological activities of Eugenia uniflora L. (pitangueira) extracts in oxidative stress-induced pathologies: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of animal studies","authors":"Wanessa Azevedo de Brito ,&nbsp;Magda Rhayanny Assunção Ferreira ,&nbsp;Diego de Sousa Dantas ,&nbsp;Luiz Alberto Lira Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span><em>Eugenia</em><em> uniflora</em></span><span><span> L. (EU) is widely distributed geographically and has been used in traditional medicine<span><span> owing to its range of therapeutic properties associated with antioxidant action. To determine the viability of this species as an herbal with promising pharmaceutical applications, we assessed the evidence from preclinical studies about the antioxidant potential of EU extracts as a natural source for prevention and </span>treatment of diseases associated with </span></span>oxidative stress.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The search was conducted in the electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SciELO. <em>In vivo</em> studies related to the antioxidant properties and preclinical assays of this species were included. The risk of bias was assessed in all studies and meta-analysis was carried to summarize effect size of EU extracts.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>From 738 reports, 7 studies were included in qualitative synthesis and 4 in meta-analysis. Studies using extracts or fractions, and different pharmacological activities were reported. Meta-analysis showed positive effects of EU </span><em>versus</em><span><span> control on superoxide dismutase levels in </span>hippocampus<span> (MD=6.59; 95% CI=4.56–8.63) and on cortex (MD=7.57; 95% CI=5.92–9.21); and glutathione<span> peroxidase (GPx) on hippocampus (MD = 11.85; 95%CI = 10.42–13.29). However, EU extracts did not show significant effects on GPx levels on cortex (p = 0.56); on acetylcholinesterase on cortex (p = 0.05), and hippocampus (p = 0.66); and glutathione levels on liver (p = 0.38).</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><span>In general, the studies have heterogeneity and some concerns about risk of bias, specially about randomization and blind outcome assessment. Current evidence of </span><em>in vivo</em><span> studies supports antioxidant action of EU extracts in brain tissue by increase of endogenous antioxidant molecules.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55190123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green tea polyphenols in cardiometabolic health: A critical appraisal on phytogenomics towards personalized green tea","authors":"Logesh Rajan ,&nbsp;Arun Radhakrishnan ,&nbsp;Keshav Narayan Alagarsamy ,&nbsp;Abhay Srivastava ,&nbsp;Sanjiv Dhingra ,&nbsp;Anthony Booker ,&nbsp;Viven Rolfe ,&nbsp;Dhanabal Palaniswamy ,&nbsp;Suresh Kumar Mohankumar","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cardiovascular disease is a chronic multifactorial health complication that is either directly or indirectly associated with pathophysiological mechanisms, including pro-oxidation, pro-inflammation, vascular and endothelial dysfunction, impaired platelet function, thrombosis, and others. The therapeutic options to circumvent cardiovascular complications include several phytomedicines, including green tea polyphenols. However, while many experimental and clinical studies report distinct mechanisms by which the polyphenols of green tea elicit a beneficial role in cardiometabolic health, the translation and applications of green tea polyphenols in clinics have yet to gain their optimal use on the broader population. This review critically appraises the various reported mechanisms of green tea polyphenols in modulating cardio-metabolic health and associated phyto-genomic challenges. Further, our review highlights the probability of gene polymorphic associated therapeutic variations in individuals using green tea for cardio-metabolic effects and the necessity to personalize green tea for clinical use, thereby improvising the risk-benefit ratio.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213434422000093/pdfft?md5=5ec1b42d9e56ffa835e50d192b04dd5d&pid=1-s2.0-S2213434422000093-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"55190151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-derived compounds, vitagens, vitagenes and mitochondrial function","authors":"Rafael Franco ,&nbsp;Gemma Navarro ,&nbsp;Eva Martínez-Pinilla","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100287","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100287","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is great interest in identifying natural products that can be approved as nutraceuticals. A good option is to induce transcription of vitagenes, which would lead to increased expression of proteins that provide the means to maintain homeostasis. In fact, the induction of vitagenes is considered relevant during aging, especially if aging is accompanied by neurodegenerative diseases. Care must be taken to avoid confusing vitagenes, which are genes, and vitagens, which are vitamin-like low-molecular weight compounds; both concepts are recalled here. Although mitochondria are key factors in several chronic diseases of the nervous system, the amount of vitagenes that is associated with better mitochondrial function (bioenergetics, oxidative stress, biogenesis, dynamics, etc.) is limited. Plant molecules have been used for centuries to improve well-being, and some have a directly or indirectly impact on mitochondrial function. However, there is little knowledge about whether plant-derived products can induce vitagenes related to the enhancement of the multiple actions exerted by mitochondria; studies are needed to detect natural plant compounds that increase the transcription of genes related to the function of this cellular organelle. This study is expected to identify new vitagenes whose induction provides benefits in aging and/or neurodegenerative diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213434421000396/pdfft?md5=8599e9cdb5bf6c673a9e2bf19f90502f&pid=1-s2.0-S2213434421000396-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43981124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The impact of beetroot juice intake on muscle oxygenation and performance during rhythmic handgrip exercise” [PharmaNutrition 14 (2020) 100215]","authors":"Mônica Volino-Souza ,&nbsp;Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Elisa Barros-Santos ,&nbsp;Carlos Adam Conte-Junior ,&nbsp;Thiago Silveira Alvares","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100286","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213434421000384/pdfft?md5=23714ae63ae11997ced5c4e90f3d2ce4&pid=1-s2.0-S2213434421000384-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48079531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of functional food in prevention of malnutrition","authors":"Mukhtar H. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Dávid Vasas ,&nbsp;Arez Hassan ,&nbsp;Judit Molnár","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Malnutrition is a serious condition that develops when the human body is deprived of or does not obtain the right amount of vital nutrients like vitamins, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and some other essential substances that the body needs to function. It can have a significant impact on people’s health including stunted growth, low body weight and muscle wasting.</p></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study is aimed to determine the factors that could cause malnutrition in humans, something that is considered as a major global issue nowadays and is associated with negative aspects on patient’s activities.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Electronic searches were conducted on the Google Scholar database, Medline and PubMed up to the 11of December 2021. All studies reporting an association between foods and malnutrition were included.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The search yielded 637 references, included 52 clinical trials, 11 meta-analysis, 45 randomised clinical trials (RCT) and 201 reviews. Among the manuscripts, 25 studies provided evidence for the association between malnutrition and micronutrients. The results showed that in addition to insufficient intake of the essential nutrient, several chronic diseases including gastrointestinal tract diseases, cancer and sometimes post-surgery complications are also associated with malnutrition.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Only a limited number of studies reported a direct link between functional foods and malnutrition, which all agree that there is clear evidence in favour of functional foods being effective in preventing and reducing the impact of malnutrition. Other studies looked at for this review would suggest that they may even be effective in improving the quality of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213434422000019/pdfft?md5=1870760483b83962aa18a670c2499a04&pid=1-s2.0-S2213434422000019-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137267562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Krill oil-based self-emulsifying drug delivery system to improve oral absorption and renoprotective function of ginger extract","authors":"Mizuki Ogino ,&nbsp;Asuka Nakazawa ,&nbsp;Ken-ichi Shiokawa ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kikuchi ,&nbsp;Hideyuki Sato ,&nbsp;Satomi Onoue","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The aim of present study was to enhance the nutraceutical<span><span> properties of ginger extract<span> (GE) employing krill oil (KO)-based self-emulsifying </span></span>drug delivery systems (SEDDS).</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>To prepare SEDDS of GE composed of KO as oil with self-emulsifying potency, glycerin or polyethylene glycol<span> (PEG) were added to mixture of GE and KO. Physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and renoprotective properties of GE formulations were characterized.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Compared to PEG, glycerin contributed to the formation of stabile emulsion in both neutral and acidic conditions, resulting in ca. 4–44-fold enhanced dispersion amount of active ingredients in GE. Considering these points, KO-based SEDDS of GE with glycerin (GE/KO) was selected for further studies. During storage at 40 °C and 40 °C/75 % relative humidity for four weeks, GE/KO prevented the degradation of active ingredients in GE, possibly due to the anti-oxidant components in KO. After oral administration of GE samples in rats, the relative bioavailabilities of active components of GE, 6-gingerol and 8-gingerol, in the GE/KO-treated group were ca. 8-fold higher than those of GE-treated group, respectively. Repeated oral administration of GE/KO (100 mg-GE/kg/day, 4 days) provided a renoprotective effect in a rat model of cisplatin-induced </span>acute kidney injury.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>From these observations, the KO-based SEDDS approach might be effective for enhancing the nutraceutical properties of GE.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48573841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of glucose sensors for delivery of insulin: A Systematic Review","authors":"Ahmad Ali Najmeddine,&nbsp;Maria Saeed,&nbsp;Ian G. Beadham,&nbsp;Amr ElShaer","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span><span>Diabetes is a widely spread chronic disease affecting about 463 million people in 2019. It is defined as chronic hyperglycemia caused by either an impaired action or an abnormal secretion of insulin. New diabetes medications based on glucose-sensitive delivery systems can offer better control of </span>blood glucose levels without the need to worry about the patient diet control or the frequency of exercising. Such delivery systems are comprised of glucose-sensitive moieties such as </span>glucose oxidase<span><span>, Phenylboronic acid derivatives and </span>Concanavalin A.<span><span> These systems can be administered via different routes such as subcutaneous injections<span>, implants, oral, transdermal and nasal. This </span></span>systematic review discussed the most suitable insulin delivery system in terms of efficiency to maintain blood glucose levels in normal range, and safety in animals upon administration.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The search was conducted using different databases such as Web of Knowledge, Pubmed, Europe PMC, Wiley Online Library, and Science direct.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 313 studies were collected and 64 studies were included after screening using inclusion and exclusion criteria based on PICOS model. The results indicated that subcutaneous implants incorporated with glucose oxidase are the most suitable and were able to maintain normal blood glucose for up to 1738 h with a single administration. This was followed by PBA intraperitoneal implant, then oral GOx. Toxicity studies were conducted for all these dosage forms<span> indicating good biocompatibility.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The GOx subcutaneous implant was found to be the most efficient and safe insulin delivery systems offering prolonged control of glucose in diabetic patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43147768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the Standard American Diet on Iba-1 immunoreactivity in the spinal cord before and after peripheral inflammatory injury in rats","authors":"Larissa J. Strath ,&nbsp;Stacie K. Totsch ,&nbsp;Tammie L. Quinn ,&nbsp;Marissa Menard ,&nbsp;Alan Philip George ,&nbsp;Shannon L. Lukens ,&nbsp;Jazmyn Simmons ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Robert E. Sorge","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A poor-quality diet may contribute to chronic levels of inflammation and alter susceptibility to pain via activation of immune cells.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Here we examined the effect of a human-relevant Standard American Diet (SAD) prior to and following peripheral inflammatory injury.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>SAD consumption significantly increased Iba-1 staining in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in rats in the presence and absence of peripheral inflammatory injury.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These data suggest that diet may predispose animals to an exacerbated immune response in the both presence and absence of injury. Diet may extend recovery times as a consequence of persistent immune cell activation and enhanced responses to injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47087958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An in vitro approach to study the absorption of a new oral formulation of berberine","authors":"Mirko Marino ,&nbsp;Claudio Gardana ,&nbsp;Antonio Scialpi ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Giorgini ,&nbsp;Paolo Simonetti ,&nbsp;Cristian Del Bo’","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Berberine (BBR) possesses several </span>biological activities<span> in humans, but the poor water solubility and low oral bioavailability preclude its pharmacological use. To overcome these limitations, several formulations have been prepared including encapsulation, micro- and nano-emulsion. The aim of this study was to develop a nanoemulsion delivery system of BBR and to evaluate its membrane permeability using Caco-2 cell model.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Nanoemulsions containing different ratios BBR:Compritol ATO 888 (a lipid excipient) were formulated at 25 and 80 °C. The controls consisted of BBR and carboxymethylcellulose. Absorption of BBR nanoemulsions delivery systems was evaluated </span><em>in vitro</em><span> by using human colon adenocarcinoma<span> cells (Caco-2) Transwell model. The amount of permeated BBR was determined by LC-HR-MS at time zero and every 30 min for 180 min.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Nanoemulsions significantly improved apical-to-basal transport of BBR compared to the control formulation. Kinetics of BBR uptake showed that the maximum amount absorbed was reached after 90−120 min and the percentage of BBR absorbed by Caco-2 cells increased with increasing BBR-to-Compritol ratio (1:20 &gt; 1:10 &gt; 1:5 &gt; 1:1). Moreover, the formulation prepared at 80 °C showed a higher absorption rate (6-fold increment compared to control) than that developed at 25 °C (4.5-fold increment compared to control). Furthermore, demethyl-BBR was detected after 120 min of incubation as partial metabolism of berberine in the intestine.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Overall, in our <em>in vitro</em> model, these new nanoemulsions seem to potentially improve the absorption of BBR. However, <em>in vivo</em> studies are required in order to demonstrate the bioavailability of BBR from this new formulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.phanu.2021.100279","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41689634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}