PharmaNutrition最新文献

{"title":"Novel attenuating intestinal oxidative stress strategy: Selenium nanoparticles combined with curcumin impeding the endoplasmic reticulum stress & apoptotic pathways","authors":"Ze-yuan Sun,&nbsp;Ling Lu,&nbsp;Si-nian Li,&nbsp;Rui-chao Li,&nbsp;Ling-qing Kong,&nbsp;Ru-nan Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intestinal oxidative stress, a natural host response to gut microbiota, is characterized by elevated energy expenditure, which in turn reduces feed efficiency (FE). Antioxidant feed additives such as selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and curcumin, which can inhibit apoptotic and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathways, have the potential to enhance antioxidant capacity in livestock production and help preserve intestinal mucosal integrity. This study investigated the effects of SeNPs and curcumin, alone and in combination, on oxidative homeostasis and intestinal barrier function in mice, together with the underlying mechanisms. Combined treatment with SeNPs and curcumin significantly enhanced cell viability, reduced apoptosis, and downregulated the mRNA expression of key apoptosis- and ERS-related genes in IPEC-J2 cells compared with either agent alone (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, <em>in vivo</em> results showed that the combined treatment effectively improved oxidative status and mucosal morphology in the jejunum of mice under oxidative stress. Overall, this study demonstrates that SeNPs combined with curcumin exert an enhanced protective effect against intestinal oxidative injury by modulating the apoptotic and ERS pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148934536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resveratrol can reverse testicular damage caused by cadmium exposure through miR-26a-5p/COX2","authors":"Hao Xiong,&nbsp;Fei Can,&nbsp;YuJiao Wu,&nbsp;YanLing Yang,&nbsp;Yi Liu,&nbsp;Qi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the decrease of male fertility has become more and more serious. In this study, resveratrol and cadmium were used to construct a rat model, and the resveratrol was given to observe the alterations in reproductive function and explored the related mechanism. The results showed that cadmium could cause significant pathological changes in testis, enhanced apoptosis, inhibited testosterone synthesis, damaged blood-testis barrier, and decreased sperm quality. After mating with normal female rats, abnormal pregnancy-related indicators were observed. Moreover, the results have confirmed that cadmium can inhibit miR-26a-5p expression, and then increase COX2 expression, which show oxidative stress activation, and result in enhanced apoptosis. After resveratrol is administered, it can be found that the changes in relevant indicators caused by cadmium can be effectively reversed. Finally, by using the previous relevant animal models (including nicotine, ethanol, caffeine exposure), we speculated that the miR-26a-5p/COX2 may be a common mechanism of the impaired testicular function. In summary, this study innovatively confirmed the male reproductive toxicity of cadmium, and proposed that resveratrol can effectively protect male fertility, providing theoretical and experimental basis for exploring the inducements of male fertility reduction and protecting male reproductive function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148934535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico and in vitro evaluation of small oligopeptide derived from CfTX-A toxin for its anti-inflammatory activity against LPS/MSU-induced fibroblast cells","authors":"Akshad Balde,&nbsp;Rasool Abdul Nazeer","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Venoms contain a wide range of biologically active peptides with multiple pharmacological properties, making them important for novel therapeutic development. This study involves <em>in silico</em> and <em>in vitro</em> approaches to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of a small oligopeptide derived from jellyfish <em>Chironex fleckeri</em> toxin CfTX-A. Using computational methods, structural modeling, and ADMET screening, the active peptides were identified based on their physicochemical properties, enzymatic stability, and predicted interaction with key inflammation-associated proteins such as NLRP3, caspase-1, xanthine oxidase (XO), and IL-1β. Molecular docking predicted high-affinity binding of peptide WPNY to active sites within these targets, suggesting its potential dual role in modulating inflammatory and uric acid pathways. The peptide further demonstrated potent XO inhibition (47.98 ± 12.41%) which was comparable to allopurinol (Alp) drug control. In LPS/MSU-stimulated fibroblast cells, CfTX-A peptide at 125 µM maintained high cytocompatibility (97.23 ± 3.83%), significantly suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation (1.23 ± 0.07), NO (15.35 ± 1.77 μM) and IL-1β (26.86 ± 3.01 pg/ml) production, NF-κB phosphorylation (1.52 ± 0.06), and downstream inflammatory mediators including iNOS (2.88 ± 0.10), COX-2 (6.24 ± 0.67), TNF-α (2.85 ± 0.16), and MMP-9 (4.06 ± 0.38). It also reduced intracellular ROS levels, retained thermal stability, and showed efficient uptake within the cells. These findings suggest the peptide’s dual role as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent. Further, it demonstrates the utilization of venom-derived peptides and <em>in silico</em>-driven platforms in accelerating peptide drug discovery. Future <em>in vivo</em> investigations in arthritis models are essential to establish therapeutic relevance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148951807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic assessment of gentisic acid in experimental polycystic ovary syndrome and associated lipid dysregulation","authors":"Pinkesh Sahu ,&nbsp;Aarti Tiwari ,&nbsp;Ayush Kesharwani Gupta,&nbsp;Pradeep Kumar Samal","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A hormonal imbalance that causes infertility in women is called polycystic ovarian syndrome, or PCOS. Among the causes of PCOS are genetics, lipid imbalance, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. Recently, a number of pharmacological treatments for PCOS have been proposed. However, the negative consequences of these treatments differ. Only a few of them can restore a significant amount of metabolic and hormonal imbalances. Aspirin's metabolite, gentisic acid (GA), is a naturally occurring compound extracted from <em>Gentiana</em> species roots. Under a range of chemical and physical stressors, gentisic acid has been demonstrated to behave as an anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenger, and antioxidant. Thus, the present study elucidated the potential protective effects of GA against PCOS in rats administered letrozole (LTZ) to induce PCOS. Reproductive and metabolic dysfunctions were significantly reduced by GA administration. Additionally, GA had a hepatoprotective benefit against PCOS-associated unfavourable responses. These results imply that GA's antiandrogenic and metabolic-regulating properties may help control PCOS symptoms. Consequently, GA might be a viable option for treating metabolic and reproductive issues in PCOS patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociation between metabolic and neurobehavioral effects of metformin in a model of chronic fructose consumption in female mice","authors":"Yuri Cordeiro Szeremeta ,&nbsp;Wellinghton de Medeiros Barros ,&nbsp;Talissa Dezanetti ,&nbsp;Vanessa Ecléa de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Pedro André Hermes Amaral ,&nbsp;Jeane Bachi Ferreira ,&nbsp;Maurício Peña Cunha ,&nbsp;Bruno Pierre Guiard ,&nbsp;Eduardo Luiz Gasnhar Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive fructose intake is increasingly recognized as a contributor to metabolic dysfunction and associated neurobehavioral disturbances, including pain and emotional alterations. This study investigated whether metformin could mitigate the metabolic, nociceptive, and emotional impairments induced by chronic fructose consumption in female Swiss mice. Animals received a 30% fructose solution in their drinking water for 14 weeks, and a subset was treated with metformin (4 mg/mL in the drinking solution) during the final four weeks. Fructose-fed mice developed marked metabolic dysfunction, characterized by fasting hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and increased plasma cholesterol, accompanied by mechanical allodynia, cold allodynia and cold hyperalgesia, and depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors. Metformin treatment effectively improved glycemic control but failed to reverse nociceptive hypersensitivity or emotional disturbances. These findings indicate that, under the present experimental conditions, metabolic improvement induced by metformin was not accompanied by detectable improvement in neurobehavioral outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100510"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148167328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levisticum officinale essential oil prevents paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity by decreasing oxidative stress","authors":"Denise Caroline Luiz Soares Basilio ,&nbsp;Paloma Kênia de Moraes Berenguel Lossavaro ,&nbsp;Isabelly Teixeira Espinoça ,&nbsp;Paola Mayara Valente Coronel ,&nbsp;Joyce dos Santos Lencina ,&nbsp;Olivia Lopes Lucier ,&nbsp;Naira Ferreira Anchieta ,&nbsp;Saulo Euclides Silva-Filho ,&nbsp;Luciane Candeloro ,&nbsp;Éverton do Nascimento Alencar ,&nbsp;Eduardo Benedetti Parisotto","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2025.100469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2025.100469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Levisticum officinale</em> (Apiaceae), commonly known as lovage, is a perennial herb used in salads and desserts. In this study, the hepatoprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of the essential oil from <em>Levisticum officinale</em> (EOLO) leaves were investigated in a Balb/c mouse model of paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. The experiments were performed using male mice. Prior to the experiments, four animals were reserved as sources of neutrophils for the chemotaxis assay. The remaining mice were allocated to six experimental groups (<em>n</em> = 8 per group): group I (negative control) was pretreated with saline solution (paracetamol dissolution vehicle); group II was not pretreated; group III was pretreated with silymarin (SLM, 200 mg/kg), and groups IV–VI were pretreated with EOLO at different doses (50–400 mg/kg). Subsequently, groups II–VI received paracetamol (300 mg/kg). Blood and liver biochemical parameters, as well as liver histology were assessed. Neutrophil chemotaxis was evaluated at EOLO concentrations of 1–60 µg/mL. Pretreatment with EOLO (50–400 mg/kg) prevented changes in plasma AST, ALT, and γ-GT levels caused by paracetamol. EOLO pretreatment decreased myeloperoxidase activity and ^•NO production. EOLO at different concentrations prevented neutrophil migration. Histological sections of group I showed normal liver morphology, with occasional vacuolation due to fasting. Group II showed severe necrosis, whereas groups III–VI showed diffuse vacuolation and reduced necrosis. EOLO pretreatment decreased lipid peroxidation and restored reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations. Overall, EOLO prevented paracetamol-induced liver injury by protecting the organ against oxidative stress and inhibiting inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148230744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological characteristics and solubility profiles of calcium supplement preparations: A comparative study with clinical implications","authors":"Qiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuqi Tang ,&nbsp;Hao Nie ,&nbsp;Xu Wang ,&nbsp;Guangkui Wang ,&nbsp;Chaoqiang Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2025.100470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2025.100470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcium is essential for bone health and various physiological processes, but the poor water solubility of calcium supplements often leads to inadequate absorption and potential adverse reactions, such as gastrointestinal discomfort. This study aims to evaluate and compare the in vitro dissolution characteristics and pharmacological performance of five commonly used calcium supplement preparations, with the goal of identifying formulations that offer improved solubility and bioavailability. We examined physical properties, pH values, and calcium dissolution content in artificial gastric fluid. Dissolved drug solutions were analyzed using online Raman spectroscopy, providing real-time insights into chemical transformations during dissolution. The <em>in vitro</em> dissolution profiles ranging from clear to turbid and pH values from 4.52 ± 0.05–10.18 ± 0.01. Calcium dissolution rates ranged from 47.53 ± 2.91 % to 88.65 ± 0.90 %. Online Raman spectroscopy revealed that calcium in compound calcium carbonate effervescent granules was transformed into calcium citrate malate, which exhibited high calcium content, weak acidity, and good water solubility as the most notable differences among the supplements. These findings highlight the large performance differences among various calcium carbonate preparations, providing a foundation for studies of calcium formulations with weak acidity and high water solubility. This study reveals insights for the development of calcium supplements with improved solubility and absorption; offers targeted suggestions for enhancing current quality standards; and provides a basis for rational selection of calcium supplements for different populations, including children, pregnant women, and other special groups, potentially improving clinical outcomes and overall health benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145842091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective effects of an ethanol extracts of an anti-diabetic herbal mixture on Alzheimer’s disease-related biomarkers in high-glucose-induced insulin resistance","authors":"Jin Yeong Choi ,&nbsp;Laxmi Sen Thakuri ,&nbsp;Seung-Yub Song ,&nbsp;Seung Sik Cho ,&nbsp;Dong Young Rhyu","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic condition characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance (IR), which are strongly associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Brain IR is considered a major contributor AD pathogenesis and is often referred to as “type 3 diabetes.”</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study investigated the neuroprotective mechanisms of an anti-diabetic herbal mixture (HM) against high-glucose (HG)-induced IR-associated cognitive dysfunction and AD-like pathology in HT-22 hippocampal neurons and zebrafish larvae.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>HM, composed of <em>Sophora flavescens</em>, <em>Pueraria lobata, Cornus officinalis, Cinnamomum cassia, Mori Folium</em>, and <em>Momordica charantia</em> (1:1:1:1:1:1), was extracted using different solvents. Among these, the ethanol extract (HME) exhibited the strongest effect in a glucose uptake assay and was therefore selected for further analyses. The effects of HME on glucose uptake, insulin signaling, oxidative stress, and AD–related markers were subsequently evaluated using HG–induced IR models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HME significantly restored glucose uptake impaired by HG exposure and improved insulin sensitivity by enhancing the expression of key insulin signaling proteins. Consistent with these in vitro findings, HME also restored HG-induced impairments in glucose uptake and insulin signaling in zebrafish larvae. Furthermore, HME reduced reactive oxygen species production, restored antioxidant enzymes and suppressed neurodegeneration-related markers compared with HG-induced IR group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings indicate that HME exerts neuroprotective effects through coordinated modulation of glucose metabolism, insulin signaling, oxidative stress, and AD–related gene expression, highlighting its multi-target potential as a complementary therapeutic strategy for IR–associated neurodegenerative disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147420900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutraceuticals as adjuncts in managing neurodegenerative complications and their market","authors":"Aparna Datta,&nbsp;Poulami Sen,&nbsp;Arnab K. Maiti","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Huntington’s disease (HD) represent a rising global health concern, categorized by advanced oxidative stress, neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and synaptic failure. Traditional pharmacological therapies offer only symptom-related relief, frequently with restricted efficacy and allied side effects. Nutraceuticals derived from natural sources like fruits, vegetables, herbs, and marine organisms are bioactive compounds that have garnered noteworthy considerations for their potential neuroprotective paybacks. This review explores the promising role of nutraceuticals in combating neurodegeneration through various pathways, comprising anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidant activity, apoptosis and modulation of autophagy, mitochondrial stabilization, and regulation of key signalling pathways. Compounds like omega-3 fatty acids, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, ginsenosides, and catechins have sufficient potential in preclinical and clinical aspects to delay disease onset and progression. Their capacity to invade the blood-brain barrier (BBB), low toxicity profile, and synergistic action with conventional therapies make them attractive adjuncts or alternatives in neurodegenerative disease management. Issues like compromised bioavailability, quick metabolism, and absence of standardized clinical trials limit their translation into mainstream therapeutics. Nevertheless, the growing market for brain-focused nutraceuticals indicates a wider acknowledgment that diet plays a meaningful role in maintaining neurological health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ancient herb, modern applications: Immunological potential of ocimum tenuiflorum in respiratory and neuropsychological health","authors":"Rupal Patel ,&nbsp;Anita Prakasam ,&nbsp;Rajesh P. Joseph ,&nbsp;Bhoomika Patel ,&nbsp;Bhavisha Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2026.100475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ocimum tenuiflorum, commonly referred to as Tulsi or Holy Basil, is a sacred plant in traditional Indian medicine, celebrated for its therapeutic versatility. Tulsi has numerous therapeutic properties, including adaptogenic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and immunomodulatory benefits, according to numerous in vitro, animal, and human research. It has been used extensively in traditional Indian medicine and is now backed by a wealth of scientific data. Tulsi has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, adaptogenic, and immune-modulating effects. It is well-known for its safety and non-toxic profile. Key bioactive components like eugenol, rosmarinic acid, ursolic acid, linalool, and cineole contribute to decreased airway inflammation, improved lung function, decreased oxidative stress, and enhanced mucociliary clearance. This is where its therapeutic promise is most evident in respiratory health. According to clinical research, Tulsi relieves the symptoms of cough, cold, asthma, bronchitis, and COPD. When taken either on its own or in conjunction with other treatments, including steam inhalation, it frequently lessens the need for inhaler therapy and speeds up recovery. Tulsi exhibits notable adaptogenic qualities in addition to respiratory advantages. Tulsi helps control cortisol levels, promotes stress coping strategies, improves sleep quality, and lessens psychological symptoms including anxiety, exhaustion, and cognitive impairment, according to experimental and clinical data. Enzymes and receptors such COMT, 11β-HSD1, and CRHR1 mediate these effects, which enhance neuroendocrine balance and mental resilience. To standardize dosage, confirm long-term efficacy, and improve its incorporation into complementary and integrative health practices, more extensive clinical research is advised.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}