Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal最新文献

{"title":"Rhinovirus: Too Bad to Be True.","authors":"Tuomas Jartti, Heidi Makrinioti, Wojciech Feleszko","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005333","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005333","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e452-e456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148606281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Reply: Emergence of Pediatric West Nile Virus Neuroinvasive Disease in Spain: An Expanding Threat in a Changing Climate-A Case Series.","authors":"Gunce Basarir, Ridvan Avci, Ilkana Hasankhanli, Dilhan Karaca, Ayşe Feyza Önder","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005293","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005293","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e481-e483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147974538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multicenter Evaluation of Gram-negative Bloodstream Infections in Children: Predictors of Carbapenem Resistance.","authors":"Asli Arslan, Sema Yildirim Arslan, Zehra N Coskun, Ergin Ciftci, Sevgen Tanir Basaranoglu, Sevgi Yasar Durmus, Merve Kiliç Çil, Gizem Guner Ozenen, Ozge Kaba, Mustafa Genceli, Elif Dede, Onur Tekeli, Ayse Cakil Guzin, Ummuhan Cay, Hacer Akturk, Hatice Sinav Utku, Semra Sen Bayturan, Merve Iseri Nepesov, Nezihe Bilge Bahçeci, Senem Behsat Ulukaya, Gülben Ozgul Postuk, Oznur Ege Akdi, Gizem Mardinoglu, Demet Tosun, Zumrut Sahbudak Bal","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005270","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative (CRGN) infections cause high morbidity and mortality. Despite the rising global threat, multicenter data on resistance drivers in children remain limited. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, carbapenem resistance (CR) rates and clinical risk factors for Gram-negative bloodstream infections (GNBSIs) among hospitalized children in Turkey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 1-month point prevalence study was conducted in November 2023 across 27 tertiary hospitals. Hospitalized patients (1 month-18 years) with laboratory-confirmed GNBSIs were included. Independent risk factors and prior antibiotic exposures were analyzed using regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 15,249 patients, 180 GNBSIs were identified (prevalence: 1.19%). K. pneumoniae (28.3%), E. coli (12.7%) and P. aeruginosa (11.5%) were the most frequent pathogens. The overall CR rate was 33.3%, peaking at 73.6% in A. baumannii. Independent risk factors for CRGN BSIs included university hospital setting [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 3.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.47-6.31], central venous catheterization (aOR: 3.23; 95% CI: 1.10-9.40), mechanical ventilation (aOR: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.18-5.63) and steroid use (aOR: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.10-6.04). Prolonged antibiotic exposure (>7 days) to meropenem, colistin, glycopeptides and aminoglycosides significantly increased the odds of CR ( P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights a high burden of CR in pediatric GNBSIs in Turkey. The identification of modifiable risk factors and the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant isolates emphasize the urgent need for enhanced infection control and robust antimicrobial stewardship programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"973-978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147841273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Maternal Testing in Neonatal S. pyogenes Sepsis.","authors":"Pablo Miguens Iglesias, Laura Álvarez Menéndez, Javier González García, Lara González García","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005252","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005252","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147778181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Series of Vaccine-strain Reactivation Varicella Zoster in Two Pediatric Patients Presenting With Headache and Rash.","authors":"Victoria Krieg, Nikoli Nickson, Matthew D Eberly, John Manaloor","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005300","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report 2 cases of vaccine-strain reactivation varicella zoster virus meningitis, which occurred in immunocompetent pediatric patients who received routine vaccination series and presented with headache and rash. The diagnosis was confirmed utilizing cerebral spinal fluid analysis, which was positive for the Oka strain, the vaccine-strain varicella. Both patients had good outcomes following treatment with acyclovir.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e449-e451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Features and Predictors of Severity in Children Hospitalized With Human Metapneumovirus: A Multicenter Italian Study.","authors":"Sofia Sgubbi, Chiara Maria Corso, Marco Poeta, Giulia Abrate, Chiara Albano, Chiara Anania, Claudio Cafagno, Claudia Colomba, Maia De Luca, Marco Denina, Laura Folgori, Luisa Galli, Valeria Garbo, Vania Giacomet, Sara L'Assainato, Marco Maglione, Fabio Midulla, Cristina Moracas, Maria Moriondo, Laura Petrarca, Antonio Piralla, Maria Sole Valentino, Elisabetta Venturini, Alfredo Guarino, Amelia Licari","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005295","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is an important cause of pediatric lower respiratory tract infection. We describe the epidemiology and clinical severity of hMPV-associated pediatric hospitalizations in Italy in the post-coronavirus disease 2019 period and identify predictors of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission and prolonged hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a multicenter observational study across 11 tertiary care centers in Italy. Children hospitalized for ≥48 hours with laboratory-confirmed hMPV infection between January 2023 and June 2025 were included. Clinical features were analyzed overall and compared across co-infection categories and age groups. Associations with prolonged hospitalization (>7 days) and PICU admission were evaluated using logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 312 children were hospitalized with hMPV infection (median age 14 months, interquartile range 5-36); 86.2% were <5 years, and 44.6% were infants <1 year. Oxygen supplementation was required in 67.5% of cases, and 10.6% were admitted to the PICU. Co-detected pathogens were identified in 47.1% of cases, without significant differences in severity or outcomes. Infants experienced more severe respiratory involvement, whereas older children more frequently had underlying comorbidities, radiologic consolidation and received antibiotics. In adjusted models, comorbidities, moderate-to-severe respiratory distress, dehydration and higher base excess were independently associated with prolonged hospitalization and PICU admission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the post-coronavirus disease 2019 period, hMPV remains a clinically relevant cause of pediatric hospitalization, particularly among infants and children with underlying medical conditions. Simple bedside assessment of respiratory distress and hydration status may support early risk stratification and inform diagnostic-driven clinical management, including antimicrobial stewardship.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"957-963"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13649277/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148144181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematogenous Osteoarticular Infection Due to Clostridium innocuum in an Adolescent With Sickle Cell Disease.","authors":"Margaret Taylor Danner, Holly Roos, Brittany A Rodriguez, Denver Niles, Catherine E Foster","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005276","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005276","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e479-e480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147869119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agreement Between Cranial Ultrasound and Computed Tomography in the Detection of Central Nervous System Findings in Infants With Congenital Toxoplasmosis.","authors":"Carlos Culma, Julián Jovel, Yuliana Cedeño, Andres Felipe Romero-Andrade","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005298","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection with the potential for severe central nervous system involvement. We assessed agreement between cranial ultrasound (US) and computed tomography in 73 affected infants. Agreement between modalities was fair (κ = 0.33; 95% confidence interval: 0.10-0.57), with US showing limited sensitivity (52%). These findings support a selective use of computed tomography when clinical or laboratory suspicion remains high despite normal US results, highlighting its complementary role in evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e446-e448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147988551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase Gene Polymorphism and Its Association With Bacterial Meningitis in Young Children.","authors":"Xiaoying Fan, MengYuan Lu, Ran Xu","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005296","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the association between leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) gene polymorphism and bacterial meningitis in young children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study enrolled 88 children with bacterial meningitis and 88 age-matched healthy controls. LTA4H rs17525495 polymorphism was detected by TaqMan quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Serum levels of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and lipoxin A4 (LXA4) were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Genotype distribution, allele frequency and mediator levels were compared between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TT genotype and T allele frequencies were significantly higher in cases than in controls (both P < 0.05). Serum LTB4 and LXA4 levels were elevated in the study group ( P < 0.001), with TT carriers exhibiting the highest concentrations, followed by CT and CC carriers ( P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed CT carriers had a 3.8-fold and TT carriers a 5.6-fold increased risk of bacterial meningitis compared to CC carriers. The TT genotype was also associated with higher complication rates (odds ratio = 4.20, 95% confidence interval: 1.85-9.54).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LTA4H rs17525495 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to bacterial meningitis in young children. The TT genotype correlates with higher disease risk and may serve as a genetic susceptibility marker.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"992-997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148157591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Early Immune Dynamics Following First Dose of the MMR Vaccine in a Toddler Treated With a JAK Inhibitor.","authors":"Despoina Maritsi, Ariadni Neofytou, Maria Papadimitriou, Antonios Marmarinos","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005274","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000005274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe the safety and early immune response following accidental administration of the live measles-mumps-rubella vaccine in a child receiving baricitinib. No vaccine-related adverse events occurred. The patient demonstrated a satisfactory antibody response to all 3 antigens, which persisted at 6-month follow-up while Janus kinase inhibitor therapy was continued.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"1013-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148259009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}