Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Ceftazidime-avibactam and Ceftolozane-tazobactam Prescriptions in a Tertiary Hospital for Children in France: An Observational Study, 2017-2022.","authors":"Pauline Labé, Maya Husain, Perrine Parize, Marion Grimaud, Charlotte Roy, Robert Ratiney, Jérémie F Cohen, Hervé Lecuyer, Julie Toubiana","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infections caused by drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are emerging in pediatric hospitals. New ß-lactam/ ß-lactamase inhibitor combinations exhibit activity against these pathogens; however, there is limited data regarding their use in pediatric populations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aimed to describe the characteristics of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ/AVI) and ceftolozane-tazobactam (C/T) prescriptions in children and assess their appropriateness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed all CAZ/AVI or C/T prescriptions in children hospitalized in a French tertiary hospital between 2017 and 2022. All clinical, biological, and pharmacological data were collected prospectively as part of the antibiotic monitoring program set up by our antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) team.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 50 CAZ/AVI and 25 C/T prescriptions were recorded, which concerned 21 and 20 patients, respectively. All patients had an underlying chronic condition. Most prescriptions originated from Pediatric Intensive Care Units and the Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and were mainly initiated for respiratory tract infections (n = 41/50, 82% of the CAZ/AVI prescriptions and n = 14/25, 56% of the C/T prescriptions). P. aeruginosa was the primary pathogen in documented infections for both CAZ/AVI and C/T prescriptions (n = 26/48, 54% and n = 16/19, 84%, respectively). Almost all prescriptions of CAZ/AVI and C/T were considered appropriate (n = 47/50, 94% for CAZ/AVI and n = 23/25, 92% for C/T, respectively) by the AMS team. Both CAZ/AVI and C/T treatments were well tolerated and resulted in clinical success in 33 (66%) and 19 (76%) cases, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that CAZ/AVI and C/T are reasonable treatment options for children infected with Gram-negative pathogens resistant to carbapenems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laryngeal Coccidioidomycosis: A Delayed Diagnosis With Consequences.","authors":"Keiko Yoshioka, Kenneth M Zangwill, Kumkum Vadehra, Yadira Bribiesca Leon","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004774","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EPIDEMIOLOGY OF FEBRILE SEIZURES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A CANADIAN IMMUNIZATION MONITORING PROGRAM-ACTIVE (IMPACT) STUDY.","authors":"Karina A Top, Hennady P Shulha, Fahima Hassan, Laura Sauvé, Taj Jadavji, Rupeena Purewal, Cora Constantinescu, Manish Sadarangani, Scott A Halperin, Shaun K Morris, Julie A Bettinger","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Active surveillance for febrile seizures was conducted at 12 Canadian pediatric centers (August 2021-December 2022). Of 3367 cases, 649 (19%) were hospitalized, 156/3367 (5%) had laboratory-confirmed acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, 363 (11%) had non-SARS-CoV-2 infection and 107 (3%) occurred as adverse events following immunization (vaccinated within 15 days before presentation). Febrile seizures were more frequently associated with infection than vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial and Fungal Infections in Pediatric Acute Liver Failure and Their Impact on Clinical Outcomes.","authors":"Tamoghna Biswas, Bikrant Bihari Lal, Vikrant Sood, Pratibha Kale, Vikas Khillan, Rajeev Khanna, Seema Alam","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study aimed to explore the prevalence, predictors and outcomes of infections in pediatric acute liver failure (PALF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were retrieved from a prospectively maintained database of patients admitted with PALF between January 2012 and June 2024. \"Sepsis\" was defined as the presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome with suspected or proven infection. Patients with positive bacterial and/or fungal cultures were labeled as \"culture-positive sepsis.\" Outcome variables included native liver survival (NLS) and overall survival (OS) at day 28.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 422 patients of PALF were included in the study of whom 195 (46.21%) fulfilled the criteria of sepsis and 71 (16.8%) had culture-positive sepsis. Bronchoalveolar fluid (37/81, 45.7%) was the commonest site of culture positivity followed by blood (29, 35.8%). More than 80% of cultures grew Gram-negative organisms with a high prevalence of carbapenem (77.1%) and multidrug (60%) resistance. These organisms were sensitive to colistin and newer beta-lactam combinations. Intensive care unit (ICU) stay, mechanical ventilation, grade 3-4 hepatic encephalopathy and use of extracorporeal liver support systems were associated with culture-positive sepsis. Patients with culture-negative sepsis had lower NLS and OS, whereas patients with culture-positive sepsis had outcomes comparable with patients without sepsis. However, culture-positive severe sepsis patients had significantly lowered NLS (33.3%) and OS (42.9%) at day 28.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a high prevalence of carbapenem and multidrug-resistant sepsis in PALF. ICU stay and use of extracorporeal support are factors independently associated with sepsis. While culture-positive sepsis did not significantly affect survival, patients with severe sepsis had lower NLS and OS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidrug-Resistant Organisms and Bacillus cereus Colonization in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Marie-Alix Camphuis, Marine Vincent, Olivier Dauwalder, Cedric Dananché, Blandine Pastor-Diez, Marion Masclef-Imbert, Jean-Charles Picaud","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Surveillance of neonate microbiota carriage, particularly multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) and Bacillus cereus, could help prevent infection. We evaluated the presence of these in the stools of hospitalized infants, duration of isolation and risk of infection in infants with digestive carriage of MDROs or B. cereus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a population-based retrospective study, we analyzed the results of weekly stool cultures performed from birth to discharge, in all hospitalized newborns from January 2018 to September 2020, in a single tertiary unit. Information regarding infections was collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 1409 infants were included; 220 (15.6%) were carriers of MDROs and/or B. cereus: 74.1% (163/220) carried MDROs only, 20.5% (45/220) carried B. cereus only and 5.5% (12/220) were cocarriers. Eighteen MDROs were identified; Enterobacter cloacae (43.6%, 82/188) was the most frequent. There was no B. cereus infection in infants with B. cereus in the stool; 7.4% (13/175) of infants with MDROs were infected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MDROs and B. cereus were commonly found in stools in a large population of hospitalized neonates. Identification of carriage and duration of this according to the germ can help to adapt the isolation protocol duration to limit constraints for parents and caregivers and to guide antibiotic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-COVID-19 Epidemiology of Bronchiolitis: We Are (Not) Returning to the Past.","authors":"Giacomo Brisca, Marina F Strati, Marcello Mariani, Silvia Buratti, Marta Ferretti, Emanuela Piccotti, Elio Castagnola, Andrea Moscatelli","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004770","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytomegalovirus Colitis in 2 Patients With Kindler Syndrome.","authors":"Abdulhamid Al-Hinai, Laila Al Yazidi, Adawiya Al Jamei, Asem Shalaby, Khoula Al-Said, Yusriya Al Rawahi","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004765","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Completion, Safety and Tolerability of Once-Weekly Isoniazid and Rifapentine for Tuberculosis Infection by Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Andrea T Cruz, Lindsay H Cameron, Jeffrey R Starke","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Treating patients for tuberculosis (TB) infection prevents future cases and transmission. Long treatment regimens have been associated with low completion rates. We describe a 1-decade experience with treating children and adolescents for TB infection (TBI) with 3 months of once-weekly doses of isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective review (2014-2024) of 2 to <21 year olds who received 3HP under directly observed therapy for TBI. We abstracted demographic data, testing methods and treatment course information. Our primary outcome was treatment completion; our secondary outcome was adverse events (AEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight hundred two patients met inclusion criteria; 94.1% completed therapy. Completion rates were not associated with demographic data or testing methods. The most common reasons for not completing 3HP were AEs (23/802, 3%), moving out of the area (11, 1.4%) and pill burden (7, 0.9%). AEs resulting in failure to complete 3HP were rare. These included vomiting (15; 2 with elevated aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase), abdominal pain (7, all with normal aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase), rash (6), angioedema (4) and myalgias (2); 16/23 had >1 AE. Of the 23 with AEs, 20 began alternative regimens [rifampin (12), levofloxacin (5) and isoniazid (3)], and 17/20 (85%) completed TBI therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over 94% of children as young as 2 years of age completed 3HP for TBI, which is remarkable considering the large pill burden and lack of child-friendly formulations available in the United States. The only factor associated with treatment completion was the presence of an AE.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double Trouble: A DOCK8- and CFI-Deficient Infant Presenting With Acute Necrotizing Meningoencephalitis.","authors":"Kubra Baskin, Zehra Sule Haskologlu, Mutlu Uysal Yazici, Emine Akkuzu, Gulsum Kayhan, Tugba Bedir Demirdag, Anil Tapisiz, Figen Dogu, Aydan Ikinciogullari","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004766","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RSV and Rhinovirus Coinfections: Amplifying or Mitigating Disease Severity?","authors":"Osman Oguz Demir, Kubra Aykac, Ece Aslan, Hande Kahya, Sema Aydin, Yasemin Ozsurekci","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004763","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}