Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal最新文献

{"title":"Actinomyces timonensis: A Novel Pathogen to Not Overlook in Immunocompetent Children With Recurrent Cutaneous Abscesses.","authors":"Enrica Franzese, Gioacchino Andrea Rotulo, Donato Amodio, Emma Concetta Manno, Paola Zangari, Beatrice Rivalta, Lucia Pacillo, Veronica Santilli, Paola Bernaschi, Carlo Federico Perno, Paolo Rossi, Paolo Palma, Nicola Cotugno","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004490","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Clinical Outcomes of Nasal Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Polymerase Chain Reaction Utilization.","authors":"Salih Demirhan, Kevin Burgos, Kiriam Escobar Lee, Philip Lee, Sharlene Sy, Betsy C Herold, Brenda I Anosike","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000004533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a clinical challenge in selecting empiric antimicrobials for pediatric infections. We implemented nasal MRSA polymerase chain reaction (nMRSA PCR) screening as a diagnostic tool and evaluated its impact on empiric antibiotic use and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective single-center study of patients hospitalized with infections who were empirically prescribed anti-MRSA antibiotics was conducted prior to and following the initiation of nMRSA PCR screening. Electronic medical records, pharmacy data and bacterial cultures results were reviewed. Predictive values of nMRSA PCR testing were calculated and the duration of anti-MRSA empiric therapy and clinical outcomes preimplementation and postimplementation were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the preimplementation period, there were 382 distinct episodes (294 unique patients) that met the inclusion criteria and during post-nMRSA PCR implementation, 394 episodes (360 unique patients) were identified. The median time to discontinuation of anti-MRSA antibiotics and proportion of patients prescribed anti-MRSA antibiotics at discharge were significantly lower in postimplementation compared with preimplementation period; 48 versus 56 hours, P < 0.001 and 20.1% versus 40.3%, P < 0.001, respectively. The negative and positive predictive values of nMRSA PCR compared to clinical culture results were 95.6% and 51.2%, respectively. Predefined adverse outcomes were documented in 11 patients who had early anti-MRSA discontinuation with negative nMRSA PCR results but only 3 were restarted on anti-MRSA treatment and none grew MRSA in clinical cultures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Shortened anti-MRSA antibiotic duration, high negative predictive value and low adverse events provide promising evidence that nMRSA PCR is an effective, rapid antimicrobial stewardship tool for hospitalized children.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Questions About Protection From Respiratory Syncytial Virus.","authors":"Stanley A Plotkin","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004425","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004425","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"867-868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141311380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blastocystis hominis -associated Acute Appendicular Peritonitis in a 9-Year-old Boy: A Case Report and a Comprehensive Review of the Literature.","authors":"Javier Arredondo Montero, Samuel Sáez Álvarez, Mónica Bronte Anaut, Ramiro López Medrano, María Antonia Remacha Esteras, María Rodríguez Ruiz, Francisco Miguel Izquierdo García","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004396","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although Blastocystis sp. has been classically considered a commensal parasite with limited pathogenicity, recent studies suggest that its pathogenic potential is high. We report the case of a 9-year-old Spanish male who presented with peritonitis secondary to acute appendicitis with abundant intra-abdominal turbid-free fluid. A standard appendectomy was performed, and a sample of the fluid was taken for microbiological culture. Multimicrobial flora was isolated in peritoneal fluid culture. The antibiotic resistance study showed that all the microorganisms were sensitive to meropenem. On the 5th postoperative day, a control blood test showed relative eosinophilia and a persistently elevated C-reactive protein. A stool parasitological study showed abundant cysts morphologically compatible with Blastocystis hominis . The hematoxylin & eosin and Giemsa study identified abundant parasitic cysts in the appendix. The patient evolved favorably and is currently asymptomatic and under follow-up. Regarding acute appendicitis, there is only one report in the literature of peritonitis of appendiceal origin associated with Blastocystis sp. In conclusion, although infrequent, parasitosis should be considered as a potential etiological agent of acute appendicitis, even in nonendemic areas. Relative eosinophilia or persistently elevated acute phase reactants despite adequate antibiotic coverage should help to establish diagnostic suspicion.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e327-e330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140958268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Management of Children and Adolescents Hospitalized With Pyomyositis.","authors":"Sebastian Weber, Chloé Schlaeppi, Florence Barbey, Michael Buettcher, Beate Deubzer, Andrea Duppenthaler, Manon Jaboyedoff, Christian Kahlert, Lisa Kottanattu, Christa Relly, Noemie Wagner, Petra Zimmermann, Ulrich Heininger","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004382","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pyomyositis, a bacterial muscle infection, is an important differential diagnosis in children and adolescents with musculoskeletal pain. In contrast to tropical regions, it is rarely recognized in temperate countries, but incidence is increasing and major studies are missing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective multicenter study included patients <18 years of age hospitalized with pyomyositis in 11 Swiss children's hospitals between January 2010 and December 2022. Cases were identified by ICD-10 code (Myositis; M60-M60.9), and data was extracted from electronic hospital records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 331 patients identified, 102 fulfilled the case definition. Patient age at presentation ranged from 2 weeks to 17 years (median 8 years). The majority had no underlying illness and all presented with fever and localized pain. At the respective site of pyomyositis, 100 (98%) had impaired movement and 39 (38%) presented with local swelling. Pelvic (57%) and leg (28%) muscles were mostly affected. Blood or tissue cultures were obtained in 94 (92%) and 59 (57%) patients, respectively. Of those, 55 (58%) blood and 52 (88%) tissue cultures were positive, mainly for Staphylococcus aureus (35 and 19, respectively) and Streptococcus pyogene s (12 and 15, respectively). All patients received antibiotic treatment during hospitalization for a median of 10 days (interquartile range: 7-17), followed by outpatient treatment for a further median of 16 days (interquartile range: 11-22) in 95 (93%) patients. Fifty-nine (57%) patients required surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pyomyositis is a challenging diagnosis that requires a high level of awareness. Blood and/or tissue cultures revealed S. aureus and S. pyogenes as the predominant causative agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"831-840"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11319086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140958285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis in Adolescents, Particularly in Those Older Than 15 Years, May Present Characteristics Similar to Those of Adults.","authors":"Ruoyu Zhang, Meiying Wu, Yong Xu, Jianping Zhang","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004378","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140850795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Pan-resistant Burkholderia cepacia Complex Sepsis in a Newborn Successfully Treated With a Combination Therapy.","authors":"Zeynep Gökçe Gayretli Aydin, Filiz Aktürk Acar, Gülben Özgül Postuk, Esra Ozkaya, Mehmet Mutlu, Yakup Arslan","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004391","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004391","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e334-e336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Abscess Developing After Lobar Pneumonia: A Rare Complication in Unvaccinated Child Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 14.","authors":"Sevgi Kuş, Aysegul Elvan-Tuz, Umit Aslan-Saritas, Dilek Yilmaz","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004410","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e338-e339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141311375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Severe Community-acquired Clostridium difficile Infection in Children.","authors":"Lorna Stemberger Marić, Andrea Nikčević, Kristian Bodulić, Goran Tešović","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004385","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although children most frequently suffer from milder forms of community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection, severe cases and fatal outcomes have been recorded. In this study we identified older children (>12 years of age) and patients who had surgery up to 6 months before Clostridium difficile infection onset as a subgroup at somewhat higher risk for severe community-acquired Clostridium difficile infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e322-e324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actinotignum schaalii Can Cause Bacteremia in Children Without Urogenital Abnormalities: A Case Report.","authors":"Wataru Ueno, Yo Murata, Shoichiro Shirane, Yuya Saito, Yukiko Osawa","doi":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004381","DOIUrl":"10.1097/INF.0000000000004381","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19858,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e332-e333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}