Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Functional characterization of an epsilon glutathione S-transferase (SfGSTe9) associated with insecticide detoxification in Spodoptera frugiperda","authors":"Wei-Huan Xu ,&nbsp;Meng-Yao Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhi-Heng Xu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Jie Li ,&nbsp;Chao-Yang Peng ,&nbsp;Xiao-Pei Fan ,&nbsp;Yong-Qiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106305","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106305","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fall armyworm, <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em> (J. E. Smith) is a notorious insect pest of poaceae and causes severe economic damage to major cereal crop. It has evolved with different levels of insecticide resistance. Insect cytosolic GSTs are a major class of detoxifying enzymes and have been implicated in metabolic resistance and protection against oxidative stress. In this study, an epsilon class GST (<em>SfGSTe9</em>) was identified from <em>S. frugiperda</em> and its transcript levels were highest in the fat bodies, second instar and pupae. Furthermore, <em>SfGSTe9</em> is upregulated after exposure to <em>beta-</em>cypermethrin, <em>lambda</em>-cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos, and malathion. The kinetic analysis suggests the purified recombinant proteins exhibit CDNB conjugating activity, with the <em>V</em>_max of 11.87 ± 0.25 μM·min⁻¹ ·mg⁻¹ protein and <em>K</em>_m of 0.22 ± 0.01 mM. The peroxidase activity assays indicate that SfGSTe9 has antioxidant activity against both CHP and H₂O_2. The inhibition assays infer that four types of insecticides have strong inhibition on the GST activity. In vitro metabolism assays with HPLC further suggest that SfGSTe9 could be able to deplete 11.2 %, 21.3 % and 19.3 % of <em>beta-</em>cypermethrin, <em>lambda</em>-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos within 2 h, respectively, with specific activity varying between 30 and 40 μM·min⁻¹ ·mg⁻¹ protein. However, no metabolites were identified in this case, indicating that SfGSTe9 probably involves in detoxification via binding and sequestration. 3D modeling and molecular docking analysis indicate that above three types of insecticide compounds fit nicely into the hydrophobic pocket in the active site of SfGSTe9<em>.</em> Our results definitely demonstrate that SfGSTe9 of <em>S. frugiperda</em> plays pivotal role in insecticide detoxification and serves in defence against oxidative stress<em>.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106305"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in microbial community structures and metabolic function in soil treated with biological and chemical insecticides","authors":"Renwen Zheng ,&nbsp;Jun Peng ,&nbsp;Qianqian Li ,&nbsp;Yue Liu ,&nbsp;Dongyan Huang ,&nbsp;Yangjunlu Sheng ,&nbsp;Cui Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Qi ,&nbsp;Nemat O. Keyhani ,&nbsp;Qingfeng Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Entomopathogenic fungi show significant promise as effective and ecological friendly alternatives to chemical insecticides for insect pest control. However, little is known concerning their effects on soil ecosystems, especially in comparison to application of chemical insecticides. Here, we examined the effects of one biological and two chemical insecticides, <em>Metarhizium anisopliae</em>, imidacloprid (IMI) and emamectin benzoate (EMB) on microbial community structure, metabolic functioning, and soil biochemistry. Treatment with EMB and IMI, reduced Actinobacteriota populations, while increasing that of Acidobacteriota. However, these populations were not significantly altered under <em>M. anisopliae</em> treatment. Chemical pesticides also altered fungal communities including potential pathogens. Activities of soil beneficial nitrogen-cycling-related enzymes were reduced after application of IMI and EMB, but were increased after treatment with <em>M. anisopliae</em>. Metagenomics analysis showed that IMI treatment reduced levels of carbon and nitrogen-related metabolic pathways. However, <em>M. anisopliae</em> treatment increased representation of key enzymes involved in the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycling important for maintenance of soil fertility. Insecticides treatments altered the abundance of a number antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) but not virulence factors (VFs), whereas application of <em>M. anisopliae</em> resulted had only minimal effects. These findings highlight the consequences of use of biological vs. chemical pesticides on soil microbiology can affect plant and ecosystem health indicating that the fungal biological control agent, <em>M. anisopliae</em> likely has far less detrimental and potentially beneficial effects on soil ecology as compared to chemical pesticides.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106304"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimal toxicological impact of chlorothalonil on adult honey bees (Apis mellifera, L.)","authors":"Frank D. Rinkevich,&nbsp;David Dodge,&nbsp;Nathan Egnew","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Honey bees encounter a diverse array of pesticides in their foraging areas and inside their colonies. Beekeepers have expressed tremendous concern about the impacts of pesticides on honey bee colony health and their beekeeping business. The fungicide chlorothalonil is frequently detected at concentrations above 5 ppm within colonies. Exposure to chlorothalonil in lab studies have shown impacts on larval development and morphology of emerging adults while field studies have shown that colony losses are associated with chlorothalonil at 5 ppm. This research was conducted to test if chlorothalonil has effects on honey bee toxicity, insecticide synergism, detoxification activity, and expression of esterase and cytochrome P450 genes in order to assess if chlorothalonil may contribute to colony losses via direct or enhanced toxicity. Exposure to 10 μg topically applied doses or 5 ppm orally applied concentrations of technical or formulated chlorothalonil did not result in significant direct mortality, demonstrated &lt;2-fold levels of synergism or antagonism with phenothrin, chlorpyrifos, and clothianidin, and did not impact activity or expression of detoxification enzymes. Therefore, the impacts of chlorothalonil on honey bee colony health is likely not due to toxicity or synergism but rather other physiological mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106300"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppression of Adipokinetic hormones enhances Ascovirus HvAV-3h killing speed in Helicoverpa armigera","authors":"Zhengkun Xiao ,&nbsp;Jiajun Gao ,&nbsp;Jun Tang ,&nbsp;Ting Xiao ,&nbsp;Jianjun Hu ,&nbsp;Yuhan Xie ,&nbsp;Heba A.H. Zaghloul ,&nbsp;Guo-Hua Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The emergence of pesticide resistance in <em>Helicoverpa armigera</em> and other pests represents a challenge, necessitating continued development of innovative insecticides. Ascoviruses are a potential insecticide for <em>H. armigera</em>. These double-stranded DNA viruses cause cell death and lethal disease in infected larvae. However, this disease is chronic and prolongs the lifespan of the infected larvae by several weeks. The slow killing speed limits the success of these pathogens in the insecticidal market. Here, we demonstrate that the dsRNA silencing of <em>H. armigera</em> neuropeptide Adipokinetic Hormones (<em>HaAKH</em>) accelerates the killing speed of <em>Heliothis virescens</em> ascovirus 3h (HvAV-3h) against the third-instar larvae of <em>H. armigera</em>. The LT50 was reduced to 3.96 days in larvae with silenced <em>HaAKH1</em> and 4.7 days in those with silenced <em>HaAKH3</em>. Moreover, the histopathological examinations revealed the destruction of the host's fat body and epidermal tissue shrinkage after <em>HaAKH</em> silencing during HvAV-3h infection. Examining detoxification and antioxidant enzyme activity in HvAV-3h infected larvae showed reduced detoxification mechanisms after <em>HaAKH</em> gene silencing. Furthermore, the silencing of <em>HaAKH</em> resulted in an overall reduction in the fold changes of proline dehydrogenase. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the ascovirus killing speed can be accelerated by interfering with the host neuropeptide-related gene expression. Moreover, the silencing of <em>H. armigera HaAKH1</em> and <em>HaAKH3</em> decreased the antiviral immunity against HvAV-3h.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106303"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic sublethal exposure to chlorantraniliprole inhibits growth and development by disrupting the sugar and fatty acid metabolism in Spodoptera frugiperda","authors":"Xiao-Guang Liu ,&nbsp;Qing-Ge Wang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Ming Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang Li ,&nbsp;Meng-Fang Du ,&nbsp;Cai-Hong Tian ,&nbsp;Yun-Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Shi-Heng An","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlorantraniliprole is extensively utilized for managing lepidopteran pests, such as <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>. However, its long-lasting residual effects and extended half-life result in prolonged exposure of target insects to low dose insecticide, leading to sublethal effects. This study investigates the sublethal effects of chlorantraniliprole on the growth and development, reproductive capacity, population parameters, nutritional indicators, and sugar-lipid metabolism in <em>S. frugiperda</em>. The results demonstrated that sustained exposure to sublethal concentrations not only prolongs larval and pupal stages but also significantly decreases weights at each developmental phase, lowers pupation rates and markedly impairs ovarian development. Furthermore, exposure to sublethal chlorantraniliprole significantly increased approximate digestibility (<em>AD</em>) but decreased efficiency of conversion of digested food (<em>ECD</em>), efficiency of conversion of ingested food (<em>ECI</em>), and relative growth rate (<em>RGR</em>) in F₀, leading to nutrient deficiencies required for proper growth, development, and metabolic detoxification, with a substantial depletion of stored energy reserves. Importantly, the finding revealed a significant decrease in energy storage compounds (glycogen, trehalose, and triglycerides) in the treated insects, accompanied by changes in enzymes and genes associated with sugar-lipid metabolism. Moreover, age-stage two-sex life table analysis revealed significant transgenerational impacts, hindering the population growth of the F₁ generation. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of recognizing sublethal effects when designing pest management strategies, demonstrating the efficacy of chlorantraniliprole while also highlighting the necessity of considering its potential long-term ecological consequences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106302"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nematicidal activity of pyrazine compounds against Meloidogyne incongnita, Burshaphelenchus xylophilus, and Aphelenchoides besseyi","authors":"Hongyi Song,&nbsp;Qiuxia Yang,&nbsp;Sheng Wang,&nbsp;Zhifu Xing,&nbsp;Xiuhai Gan,&nbsp;Jixiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increase of plant parasitic nematode resistance poses a great threat to agricultural and forestry production. To search for nematicides with novel mechanism of action, nematicidal activity of the 29 pyrazine compounds were tested. Compound <strong>C2</strong> showed excellent nematicidal activity against <em>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</em>, <em>Meloidogyne incongnita</em>, and <em>Aphelenchoides besseyi</em>, with LC₅₀ values were 2.3, 3.3, and 10.6 mg/L, respectively, and the pot experiment showed that <strong>C2</strong> reduced the number of tomato roots knots to a certain extent. In addition, <strong>C2</strong> significantly inhibited egg hatching, locomotion and reproductive ability of <em>B. xylophilus</em>, and also reduced the levels of protein and antioxidant enzyme activity to some extent, and the indexes related to oxidative stress showed an increasing trend after treatment. The novel chemical structure of compound <strong>D</strong> was designed and synthesized based on the lead compound <strong>C2</strong> by the scaffold hopping strategy. Interestingly, compound <strong>D</strong> also has excellent nematicidal activity. Compound <strong>D</strong> can be used as an excellent scaffold in the discovery of novel nematicides and we will continue to work on the optimization and modification of this scaffold structure in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106298"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytoprotective effect of l-carnitine against mancozeb-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes","authors":"Ruhul Quds,&nbsp;Monika Sharma,&nbsp;Riaz Mahmood","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mancozeb is a commonly used fungicide that protects crops from numerous fungal pathogens. However, due to its widespread application, mancozeb has emerged as a significant human health hazard. Mancozeb causes oxidative damage to human cells, including erythrocytes. In this study, we have investigated the cytoprotective potential of the dietary antioxidant, <span>l</span>-carnitine, on mancozeb-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. Incubation of erythrocytes with 100 μM mancozeb for 24 h caused a substantial elevation of markers of hemoglobin, lipid and protein oxidation. Intracellular levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species were considerably increased, and the antioxidant defense system of erythrocytes was severely compromised. Several enzymes catalyzing vital metabolic processes in erythrocytes were significantly inhibited. Mancozeb damaged the plasma membrane, increasing osmotic fragility and cell lysis. Membrane damage resulted in morphological transformation of the normal biconcave erythrocytes to echinocytes and stomatocytes. Erythrocytes incubated with <span>l</span>-carnitine (100–750 μM) for 2 h prior to mancozeb treatment showed a marked reduction in oxidative damage. <span>l</span>-carnitine effectively neutralized free radicals and reactive species, thereby significantly diminishing oxidative stress. The activities of antioxidant and metabolic enzymes were also restored. Preincubation with <span>l</span>-carnitine stabilized the erythrocyte membrane and maintained its standard biconcave shape. Incubation of erythrocytes with <span>l</span>-carnitine alone did not alter any of the above parameters. Thus, <span>l</span>-carnitine can serve as an effective protectant against pesticide-induced cytotoxicity in human erythrocytes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106301"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive flavonoids from Leucosceptrum canum with nematicidal efficacy and mechanistic insights through acetylcholinesterase inhibition and docking study","authors":"Himani Karakoti ,&nbsp;Ravendra Kumar ,&nbsp;Om Prakash ,&nbsp;Anamika Dhami ,&nbsp;Satya Kumar ,&nbsp;Dharmendra Singh Rawat","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Leucosceptrum canum</em>, a rare Himalayan plant, shows significant bioactive properties, with its nematicidal potential investigated here for the first time. This study isolated and characterized flavonoids from L. <em>canum</em>, assessing their efficacy against the plant-parasitic nematode <em>Meloidogyne incognita</em>. Bioassay-guided fractionation identified three active flavonoids: Pectolinarigenin, 5,6,7-Trihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavone and Acacetin, structurally elucidated using spectroscopic techniques and literature comparisons. The flavonoids exhibited dose-dependent nematicidal activity, with percent mortalities after 96 h of 100 %, 92 %, and 59 %, respectively. LC₅₀ values of Pectolinarigenin (11.79 μg/mL), 5,6,7-Trihydroxy-4′-methoxyflavone (230.54 μg/mL), and Acacetin (679.67 μg/mL) were recorded, comparable to the standard nematicide Nimitz (LC₅₀: 0.01 μg/mL). These flavonoids also showed strong to moderate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity, with IC₅₀ values of 17.09, 86.72, and 142.2 μg/mL, respectively, nearing the efficacy of standard, physostigmine (IC₅₀: 19.37 μg/mL), suggesting a neuromuscular mechanism of action. The enzyme kinetics analysis of pectolinarigenin revealed it to be a reversible inhibitor of AChE exhibiting mixed-type inhibition, with inhibition constant of 15.94 μg/mL. Molecular docking revealed strong binding affinities (−7.8 to −7.2 kcal/mol) at the AChE active site, highlighting key hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. ADMET analysis confirmed favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profiles, underscoring the potential of these flavonoids as eco-friendly nematicidal alternatives. This study establishes L. <em>canum</em> as a valuable source of flavonoids with dual nematicidal and AChE inhibitory properties, supported by integrated <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> studies. It underscores the untapped phytochemical wealth of Himalayan flora for sustainable nematode management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of copper-based fungicides on the growth and tolerance of Helicoverpa armigera: implications for pest management","authors":"Wenhui Lu,&nbsp;Yuhao Liu,&nbsp;Ruobing Guan,&nbsp;Qing Zhai,&nbsp;Xiaoguang Liu,&nbsp;Wenli Zhao,&nbsp;Shiheng An,&nbsp;Xiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal pollution, particularly from copper (Cu)-based fungicides, has emerged as a major environmental issue. The extensive and frequent use of these fungicides in agriculture, coupled with their persistent residues on plant surfaces, necessitates a comprehensive evaluation of their effects on surrounding organisms. This study specifically targets <em>Helicoverpa armigera</em> larvae to systematically evaluate changes in their viability and ecological fitness in response to excessive Cu²⁺ exposure by simulating field-relevant dosages of Cu-containing fungicides. The results indicate that, at the tested doses, excessive Cu²⁺ treatment had an insignificant impact on the developmental indices of <em>H. armigera</em> larvae. However, it significantly stimulated genetic expression and metabolic activity, notably enhancing the expression of trehalases and detoxification enzymes such as GST, CarE, and CYP450 across various tissues. This metabolic enhancement led to increased food intake in the larvae, thereby strengthening their tolerance to pesticides (azadirachtin, chlorfenapyr, and chlorantraniliprole) under both contact and ingestion toxicity. Moreover, the increased Cu²⁺ exposure reduced the parasitism rate, egg-laying capacity, and host preference of parasitic wasps. Further investigation revealed that <em>H. armigera</em> larvae primarily expel excess Cu through fecal excretion and molting. This study underscores the importance of evaluating the broader ecological impacts of Cu-based fungicides beyond their primary use for pathogen control. The findings provide essential insights into the mechanisms underlying the resurgence of <em>H. armigera</em> and offer theoretical guidance for the rational integration and application of fungicides and pest management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106297"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional analysis of AccCPR in Apis cerana cerana under pesticide and heavy metal stress","authors":"Li Lei,&nbsp;Chunyu Yang,&nbsp;Jing Du,&nbsp;Zhenguo Liu,&nbsp;Ying Wang,&nbsp;Hongfang Wang,&nbsp;Xuepeng Chi,&nbsp;Baohua Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (<em>CPR</em>) plays important roles in the metabolism of both endogenous and exogenous compounds through cytochrome P450, and is also involved in the detoxification of insecticides mediated by cytochrome P450. However, the <em>CPR</em> from <em>Apis cerana cerana</em> has not been well characterized and its function is still undescribed. This study isolated the <em>CPR</em> gene from <em>Apis cerana cerana</em> and investigated its functional role in the resistance to pesticide and heavy metal stress. Bioinformatic analysis revealed significant homology between the gene and its counterparts in other species. Functional investigations demonstrated diverse expression and localization patterns of this gene, with <em>AccCPR</em> primarily expressed in muscular tissues and the gut, suggesting its potential roles in flight activities and intestinal barrier function of bees. Furthermore, the expression levels of this gene were significantly modulated under pesticide and heavy metal stress. Notably, the overexpression of <em>AccCPR</em> led to a marked alteration the tolerance to external stressors in <em>E. coli</em>. Additionally, the silencing of the <em>AccCPR</em> gene resulted in a significant decrease in antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression levels of genes associated with antioxidant functions. Consequently, the mortality rate of <em>Apis cerana cerana</em> under imidacloprid stress was significantly elevated. Taken together, our findings suggest that <em>AccCPR</em> may play a pivotal role in the resistance of <em>Apis cerana cerana</em> to abiotic stresses such as pesticides and heavy metals by regulating antioxidant pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 106296"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}