Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Nanoselenium-driven reduction in chemical fungicide usage: Eco-safety enhancement in pepper Phytophthora capsici control","authors":"Zhijia Zhang ,&nbsp;Tianbing Zhou ,&nbsp;Canping Pan ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Li ,&nbsp;Jialing Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyi Wang ,&nbsp;Shuai Wang ,&nbsp;Zhan Hu ,&nbsp;Ranfeng Sun ,&nbsp;Dong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Phytophthora</em> blight, caused by <em>Phytophthora capsici</em>, poses a devastating threat to pepper production, driving heavy reliance on chemical pesticides like azoxystrobin. However, the rapid evolution of fungicide resistance in <em>P. capsici</em> and the environmental risks of conventional agrochemicals demand sustainable alternatives. While nano‑selenium (nano-Se) is known to enhance plant antioxidant capacity and modulate secondary metabolism, its role in regulating plant secondary metabolite-microbe interactions for oomycete resistance remains underexplored. Here, we engineered a nano-Se formulation as a green nanofungicide, demonstrating superior anti-oomycete efficacy (EC₅₀ = 8 mg/L) compared to azoxystrobin and berberine. Nano-Se directly triggered peroxidative damage in <em>P. capsici</em> hyphae, inducing intracellular leakage, respiratory suppression, and irreversible cell death. Bidirectional translocation of nano-Se within pepper plants enhanced systemic antioxidant defenses and growth, while reprogramming coumarin and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways. This metabolic rewiring elevated antifungal coumarins (6-nitrocoumarin, 6-hydroxycoumarin), phytohormones (JA, SA), and phenolic acids (ferulic acid, sinapic acid), with 6-nitrocoumarin (10 mg/L) exhibiting potent <em>P. capsici</em> suppression via dual modulation of redox homeostasis and secondary metabolism. Critically, nano-Se remodeled the rhizosphere microbiome, enriching plant-beneficial taxa and fostering pathogen-suppressive microbial consortia. By synergizing coumarin-mediated antifungal activity with microbiome engineering, nano-Se reduced chemical dependency while enhancing pepper resistance to <em>P. capsici</em>. Our findings provide a mechanistic roadmap for deploying nano-Se as an eco-safe agrochemical, addressing fungicide resistance and environmental hazards in soilborne disease management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 106639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential sensitivity to DMI fungicides in Cercospora beticola is mediated by a novel target site modification and C-14 alpha-demethylase overexpression","authors":"Anastasios A. Malandrakis ,&nbsp;Maira Lykogianni ,&nbsp;Apostolos Sevastos ,&nbsp;George Karaoglanidis ,&nbsp;Vasileios Katzourakis ,&nbsp;Constantinos Chrysikopoulos ,&nbsp;Fotini Flouri","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sensitivity assessment of 300 <em>Cercospora beticola</em> isolates collected from North Greece revealed that 38 % of the population was highly resistant to at least one of the demethylase inhibitors (DMIs) difenoconazole, epoxiconazole and flutriafol. Resistance factors greater than 50, 100 and 100 were calculated for the most resistant <em>C. beticola</em> isolates to flutriafol, epoxiconazole and difenoconazole, respectively. DMI-resistant isolates carried fitness penalties in terms of mycelial growth, sporulation and pathogenicity, probably accounting for their low frequencies in the field. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a positive cross-resistance relationship between all three DMIs tested suggesting the existence of a target-gene (<em>CbCyp51</em>) related resistance mechanism in the observed phenotypes. Sequence analysis of the <em>CbCyp51</em> gene from sensitive and DMI-resistant isolates revealed a novel mutation (E149K) present only in <em>C. beticola</em> isolates resistant to all three fungicides tested. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first report of this target-site mutation associated with high resistance levels to all flutriafol, epoxiconazole and difenoconazole fungicides. No target-site mutations were found in the rest of DMI-resistance phenotypes. A compound-specific induced <em>CbCyp51</em> overexpression was observed in <em>C. beticola</em> isolates with specific resistance to flutriafol, epoxiconazole, and difenoconazole, while no indication of constitutive overexpression was found. Overall, the results of the present study provide insights on the mechanisms responsible for the occurrence of high DMI-resistance in the field and a basis for establishing effective strategies for the control of <em>C. beticola</em> in sugar beet fields in Greece.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 106635"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Exploring mechanisms of resistance to fludioxonil in Colletotrichum fructicola” [Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 208 (2025) 106284]","authors":"Hafiz Muhammad Usman ,&nbsp;Mohammad Mazharul Karim ,&nbsp;Ayesha Kanwal ,&nbsp;Qin Tan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Dilshad Hussain ,&nbsp;Wei-Xiao Yin ,&nbsp;Yong Wang ,&nbsp;Chao-Xi Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 106624"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bromuconazole impairs implantation process through cellular stress response in human trophoblast and endometrial cells","authors":"Miji Kim ,&nbsp;Wonhyoung Park ,&nbsp;Whasun Lim ,&nbsp;Gwonhwa Song ,&nbsp;Sunwoo Park","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bromuconazole, a widely used triazole-based pesticide, effectively controls fungal diseases in agriculture. Bromuconazole cause a potential toxic effect to non-target organisms and can have a negative impact on reproductive health in women, due to its long half-life and bioaccumulation ability. This study identifies the cytotoxicity and adverse effects of bromuconazole on trophoblastic cells (HTR-8/SVneo) and human endometrial cells (T HESCs), which are involved in implantation processes. The results of this study showed that 48 h of exposure to bromuconazole inhibited the viability of HTR-8/SVneo and T HESCs, and the LC50 values of each cell were identified as 28.05 mg/L and 33.41 mg/L, respectively. To identify the intracellular mechanisms of cytotoxic effects, subsequent <em>in vitro</em> experiments were performed after bromuconazole exposure at ≤30 mg/L concentration. 30 mg/L bromuconazole significantly induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest after 48 h exposure through regulate the mRNA level of related factors. Bromuconazole increased reactive oxygen species accumulation and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and dysregulated MAPK (p-ERK and p-JNK) signaling. Finally, bromuconazole disrupted mitochondrial function, induced inflammation, and inhibited cell migration. These results indicate the need for more stringent regulation of the use of bromuconazole and further <em>in vivo</em> studies of its reproductive toxicity. This study is the first to suggest that bromuconazole adversely affect the implantation process and female reproduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 106632"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographical distribution and incidence of pesticide resistance mutations in spider mite and thrips species from North Vietnam","authors":"Antonio Mocchetti ,&nbsp;Anastasia A. Nikoloudi ,&nbsp;Tran Thi Thu Phuong ,&nbsp;Wim Jonckheere ,&nbsp;Duc Tung Nguyen ,&nbsp;Patrick De Clercq ,&nbsp;Thomas Van Leeuwen","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spider mites and thrips are major agricultural pests worldwide. Despite their well-documented impact on crop yields in South-East Asia, their species composition, distribution, and pesticide susceptibility remain poorly studied in the region. This study focused on the Red River Delta region of Vietnam. Multiple populations of spider mites and thrips were collected and subjected to phylogenetic analysis for reliable species identification. For the first time, <em>Tetranychus evansi</em> and <em>Tetranychus pueraricola</em> were reported in Vietnam. All thrips populations were found to belong to the <em>Thrips palmi</em> cryptic species complex, with identification conducted at the clade level. Several well-characterized resistance mutations, useful as molecular diagnostic markers, were identified in both pest groups. Additionally, multiple candidate resistance mutations were reported for the first time in spider mites and their possible role in resistance is discussed. These findings highlight the importance of carefully selecting pesticides, as many field populations may already be resistant to several active ingredients. The results highlight an urgent need for resistance management strategies and the adoption of alternative control methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 106634"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144926306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Susceptibility, resistance risk and sublethal effect to fenmezoditiaz, a novel mesoionic insecticide, in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens” [ Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 213 (2025) 106540]","authors":"Yan-Chao Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao-Yan Song,&nbsp;Yu Li,&nbsp;Zi-Xin Zhuang,&nbsp;Wen-Nan Ye,&nbsp;Zhao-Yu Liu,&nbsp;Cong-Fen Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106623","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 106623"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutations in the complex III of Zymoseptoria tritici and implications on fungicide sensitivity and fitness","authors":"Alexandra Schmidt ,&nbsp;Dieter Strobel ,&nbsp;Mascha Hoffmeister ,&nbsp;Ralf T. Voegele ,&nbsp;Gerd Stammler","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quinone outside inhibitors (QoI, FRAC Group 11) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain have played an important role in the control of <em>Zymoseptoria tritici</em>. Evolution of the G143A mutation in cytochrome <em>b</em> led to the development of resistance, resulting in a loss of effectiveness of FRAC Group 11 fungicides. Accordingly, two new complex III inhibitors, metyltetraprole and fenpicoxamid, were developed. Metyltetraprole, although classified as QoI, does not show cross-resistance to FRAC Group 11 fungicides on G143A mutants, due to its unique chemical structure. This is reflected by listing the compound in FRAC Group 11 A. Fenpicoxamid, as a quinone inside inhibitor (QiI, FRAC Group 21), is unaffected by the G143A mutation due to the different binding site at the same complex. Laboratory mutants conferring resistance to both compounds have been generated: Y132C mutants were generated by metyltetraprole and the G37V mutants by fenpicoxamid exposure either in wildtype strains or in combination with other cytochrome <em>b</em> mutations such as F129L and G143A. However, studies indicated an incompatibility between the G143A and Y132C mutations. Isolates with the Y132C mutation, particularly double mutants F129L + Y132C, showed reduced sensitivity to metyltetraprole <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. Simultaneously, competition trials in microtiter plates and greenhouse tests indicated fitness penalties for all Y132C mutants. Since competitiveness and pathogenicity are crucial for isolate survival, metyltetraprole resistance in <em>Z. tritici</em> due to Y132C is unlikely to become dominant in the field, especially in populations with a high frequency of G143A. G37V mutants derived from both wildtype and G143A isolates exhibited reduced sensitivity to fenpicoxamid relative to their parent strains and demonstrated only minor fitness penalties in competition trials and greenhouse studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 106628"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding and managing diamide insecticide resistance in lepidopteran pests: Insights into RyR mutations and metabolic mechanisms","authors":"Juil Kim ,&nbsp;Murtaza Khan ,&nbsp;Si Hyeock Lee ,&nbsp;Ralf Nauen","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diamide insecticides function as modulators of ryanodine receptors (RyR) in insects and are categorized under group 28 by the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC). Since their introduction in 2007, insecticides such as chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide have been widely used to manage a variety of pests, particularly within the order Lepidoptera, as well as species in Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, and Thysanoptera. However, prolonged and extensive use has led to the emergence of resistance, especially among lepidopteran pests. This resistance is primarily attributed to <em>RyR</em> gene mutations and the upregulation of the detoxifying system. The mode of inheritance and associated fitness costs vary depending on whether the resistance mechanism is target-site-based or metabolism-based. This review examines the molecular mechanisms underlying diamide resistance in lepidopteran pests, drawing from published literature and the author's research findings. Particular focus is given to well-characterized RyR mutations such as G4946E and I4790M, as well as detoxification enzymes like CYP9A40, which has recently been implicated in resistance among noctuid pests. Practical strategies for resistance management are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"215 ","pages":"Article 106629"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ribosomal protein L22 and ribosomal protein L32 respond to Bacillus velezensis 1 stress through interactions","authors":"Heng Zhou,&nbsp;Wenxin Cao,&nbsp;Qiqi Zhang,&nbsp;Fangfang Liu,&nbsp;Yao Li,&nbsp;Yingxiu Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fusarium crown rot (FCR) poses a threat to wheat yield and food safety because of the production of mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON), which has attracted significant attention in the fields of food science and agriculture. This study found that <em>Bacillus velezensis</em> 1 (BV1) exhibited inhibitory effects on the growth of <em>Fusarium pseudograminearum</em>, with an inhibition rate of 66.67 %. BV1 caused mycelial swelling, malformation, and apoptosis. The mechanism by which BV1 inhibits the growth of <em>F. pseudograminearum</em> was investigated. After coculturing BV1 with <em>F. pseudograminearum</em> for 4 h, the structure, composition, and translation process of <em>F. pseudograminearum</em> ribosomes were significantly affected; after 16 h of coculture, the metabolism of numerous amino acids and cell membrane functions were also significantly impacted. Further exploration was conducted on the function of the ribosomal protein L22 (RPL22) gene, which is associated primarily with pathogenicity in <em>F. pseudograminearum</em>. Knockout of the RPL22 gene significantly reduced pathogenicity, whereas pathogenicity was restored in the complemented strain. RPL22 serves as a stress response factor for BV1 and a pathogenic factor in wheat. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation and co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that RPL22 interacts with ribosomal protein L32 (RPL32) to respond to BV1 stress. RPL22 is an important target gene for both stress response and pathogenicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 106630"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144831388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Asp f2-like protein negatively affects stress tolerance, conidiation and virulence in Metarhizium acridum","authors":"Geng Hong ,&nbsp;Shanjun Wang ,&nbsp;Yumei Jin ,&nbsp;Yuxian Xia ,&nbsp;Guoxiong Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Metarhizium acridum</em> is a typical filamentous fungus that has been widely used to control grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets. Genetic engineering is a common strategy to enhance its virulence, conidiation, and stress tolerance. Here, we report that the <em>M</em>. <em>acridum</em> Asp f2-like protein (MaAL) plays key roles in virulence, conidiation, and stress tolerance. Disruption of <em>MaAL</em> (Δ<em>MaAL</em>) resulted in faster conidial germination and significantly increased conidial yield. The conidial yield of the Δ<em>MaAL</em> strain was 113.33 % higher than that of the wild-type (WT) strain. The Δ<em>MaAL</em> strain exhibited significantly enhanced tolerance to UV-B irradiation, heat shock, and high osmotic stress. Furthermore, both topical inoculation and intra-hemocoel injection demonstrated significantly increased virulence against <em>Locusta migratoria</em>. Specifically, the LT₅₀ of Δ<em>MaAL</em> was reduced by 1.54 days for topical inoculation and 1.08 days for intra-hemocoel injection compare to WT. Further investigation revealed that the deletion of <em>MaAL</em> led to increased turgor pressure in appressoria, reduced immune responses in locusts, and faster hyphal growth in the hemolymph. This study explores the function of Asp f2-like proteins in entomopathogenic fungi, providing theoretical support and genetic resources for the development of high-virulence strains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"214 ","pages":"Article 106631"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}