Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Overexpression of cytochrome P450 CYP71AF43 contributing resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl in Alopecurus myosuroides from China","authors":"Junhui Tian ,&nbsp;Dingyi Bai ,&nbsp;Sifen He,&nbsp;Zongfang Li,&nbsp;Lianyang Bai,&nbsp;Lang Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Black-grass (<em>Alopecurus myosuroides</em>), one of the most economically destructive herbicide-resistant weeds in Europe, is rapidly expanding in winter wheat regions of China. In recent years, the recommended application rate of fenoxaprop-P-ethyl in the field has failed to effectively control <em>Alopecurus myosuroides</em> populations, thereby threatening wheat yields at risk. In this study, we collected a suspected herbicide-resistant population (R-HB) of <em>Alopecurus myosuroides</em> from a wheat field in Hebei Province and confirmed its resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, with a resistance index of 26.73-fold. Sensitivity analyses of other ACCase-inhibiting herbicides revealed cross-resistance in the R-HB population to clethodim and pinoxaden. Molecular analysis indicated that the resistance phenotype in this population was not due to alterations in the target site. Pretreatment with the cytochrome P450 (P450) inhibitor malathion partially reversed fenoxaprop-P-ethyl resistance in the R-HB population. RNA-seq and RT-qPCR validation revealed the constitutive overexpression of the P450 gene <em>CYP71AF43</em> in the R-HB population. Molecular docking predictions suggest that the CYP71AF43 protein may have metabolic activity toward fenoxaprop-P-ethyl. In genetically modified yeast, overexpression of <em>AmCYP71AF43</em> was found to enhance tolerance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, but not to clethodim and pinoxaden. Additionally, rice calli overexpressing the <em>AmCYP71AF43</em> gene exhibited resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, but not to clethodim or pinoxaden. Collectively, the increased expression of <em>CYP71AF43</em> may enhance P450-mediated metabolism, conferring resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl in the R-HB population. This is the first report of this mechanism in <em>Alopecurus myosuroides</em>. This discovery provides a novel perspective for the in-depth analysis of resistance mechanisms in weeds against the ACCase-inhibiting herbicide fenoxaprop-P-ethyl.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106355"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into biochemical, genotoxic, and molecular impacts, and molecular docking analysis-based possible mechanism of action of some essential oils against Culex pipiens larvae","authors":"Salwa I. Sebak ,&nbsp;El-Sayed H. Shaurub ,&nbsp;Shaymaa H. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Sherehan A.R. Salem","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mosquitoes as vectors of life-threatening diseases pose significant risks to human health. While essential oils (EOs) are increasingly utilized as potential mosquitocides, their specific biochemical, genotoxic, and molecular impacts on mosquitoes are not well-documented. This study evaluates the biochemical, genotoxic, and molecular effects of five EOs on <em>Culex pipiens</em> larvae. Late third-instar larvae were treated for 24 h with LC₅₀ of orange, black pepper, camphor, lemon, and sandalwood EOs. Biochemical studies revealed that these EOs enhanced α-esterase, glutathione S-transferase, and peroxidase activities while reducing total protein, lipid, and carbohydrate contents and amylase, invertase, and trehalase activities. Acetylcholinesterase, protease, catalase, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase activities were EO-dependent. The comet assay revealed a slight increase in comet parameters, including tailed %, tail length, % DNA in the tail, tail moment, and olive tail moment, indicating low to mild DNA damage. Gene expression studies using orange and black pepper EOs demonstrated significant upregulation of genes related to immunity, detoxification, metabolism, and sensory perception. Molecular docking analysis revealed significant binding affinities between <span>d</span>-Limonene, the major component of orange oil, and its target proteins, with binding energies of −4.87, −6.33, −5.82, and − 3.38 kcal/mol for inhibitor of apoptosis protein, autophagy, juvenile hormone protein, and octopamine receptor, respectively. These findings highlight the potential of <span>d</span>-Limonene as an effective inhibitor, with favorable interactions at the receptor's active sites. This study provides insights into the possible mechanism of EO toxicity, offering promising directions for developing eco-friendly mosquito control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106352"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA-seq-based identification of imidacloprid resistance mechanisms in Nilaparvata lugens and development of diagnostic tools for the CYP6ER1 variant","authors":"Minyoung Choi ,&nbsp;Murtaza Khan ,&nbsp;Changhee Han ,&nbsp;In-hong Jeong ,&nbsp;Nakjung Choi ,&nbsp;Juil Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neonicotinoid insecticides, such as imidacloprid, have been used for over three decades to control major agricultural pests, including brown planthopper (<em>Nilaparvata lugens</em>), aphids, and other sap-feeding insects. However, the extensive use of imidacloprid has led to widespread resistance across Asia in many pest populations. Bioassay results demonstrated significant resistance in <em>N. lugens</em>, with a resistance ratio of 32. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the overexpression of detoxification enzyme genes plays a central role in resistance, with <em>CYP6ER1</em> being the most significantly upregulated gene, showing a 28-fold increase in resistant strain compared to susceptible strain. Among detoxification enzymes, carboxylesterases and glutathione-S-transferases exhibited slightly resistance-specific overexpression, while others remained unchanged. To date, six main variants of <em>CYP6ER1</em> have been reported. In the current study, <em>CYP6ER1vA</em> has been identified as the predominant variant across all resistant strains, field populations collected in 2024, and museum samples from 1975. This suggests that the vA variant predated the widespread use of imidacloprid and that its expression level, rather than its mere presence, is the key factor driving resistance. A LAMP-PCR diagnostic method was developed to detect <em>CYP6ER1vA</em>, offering a rapid and reliable tool for field-based resistance monitoring. These findings support systematic imidacloprid resistance management in <em>N. lugens</em>, integrating molecular diagnostic with sustainable pest control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106351"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased expression of an isoform of the long non-coding RNA, lnc37707, is associated with malathion resistance in Bactrocera dorsalis","authors":"Li-Wei Meng ,&nbsp;Zong-Yu Luo ,&nbsp;Fu-Qiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi-Xuan Dong ,&nbsp;Chao Ye ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jin-Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The oriental fruit fly, <em>Bactrocera dorsalis</em> (Hendel) is an invasive pest threatening global fruit industries. Field populations of <em>B. dorsalis</em> exhibit complex insecticide resistance, hindering pest control efforts and exacerbating damage. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators of multiple bioprocess in insects, including insecticide resistance, and have potentials as novel target for pest management. Here, the candidate lncRNAs associated with malathion resistance in <em>B. dorsalis</em> were identified through RNA-seq. One of the isoforms of <em>lnc37707</em>, designated as <em>lnc37707.10</em>, was significantly enriched in the detoxification tissues of malathion-resistant (MR) strain. A specific fragment of <em>lnc37707.10</em> (<em>sflnc37707</em>) was strongly associated with malathion resistance, and silencing <em>sflnc37707</em> increased the susceptibility, whereas overexpressing it decreased susceptibility to malathion. Silencing <em>sflnc37707</em> resulted in the down-regulation of 248 genes, but none of them included the four adjacent genes as its potential target. Instead, pathway analysis revealed significant enrichment of down-regulated genes involved in drug and xenobiotics metabolism, including P450s and GSTs. Bioinformatic analysis suggested a potential regulatory role of miRNA in the function of <em>lnc37707</em>. Further combining silence or overexpression <em>sflnc37707</em> with miRNA mimic treatment identified that <em>BdGSTd10</em> (an important gene involved in malathion resistance) and miR-1000 was strongly linked to <em>lnc37707.10</em>. Finally, a ceRNA (competing endogenous RNA) regulatory axis was proposed, where <em>lnc37707.10</em> might indirectly modulate <em>BdGSTd10</em> by sponging miR-1000 to regulate the malathion resistance in <em>B. dorsalis</em>. These findings provide a new insight into insecticide resistance and a potential lncRNA target for the sustainable pest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106343"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amisulbrom induces mitochondrial dysfunction, leading apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human trophoblast and endometrial cells","authors":"Miji Kim ,&nbsp;Wonhyoung Park ,&nbsp;Whasun Lim ,&nbsp;Gwonhwa Song ,&nbsp;Sunwoo Park","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amisulbrom, a triazole-based fungicide, is utilized in agriculture to increase agricultural production by controlling fungal infections. The long disappearance time of 50 % (DT50) and potential toxic effects of amisulbrom on nontarget organisms have been reported. However, the toxic effects on the pregnancy process remain unclear. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic responses of human trophoblast cells (HTR-8/SVneo) and human endometrial cells (T HESCs), which are associated with implantation upon amisulbrom exposure. Mitochondrial dysfunction and intracellular Ca²⁺ overload were determined in both cells that are exposed to amisulbrom. Additionally, amisulbrom arrested the cell cycle progression in the G₂/M phase, causing apoptosis and reduced survival. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and dephosphorylation of PI3K/AKT signaling proteins by amisulbrom exposure mediated these toxic effects. Additionally, spheroid formation was inhibited by amisulbrom treatment in the three-dimensional hanging drop culture model. These results indicate that amisulbrom may pose an adverse effect on the implantation process. Further research is required to identify the toxicity of amisulbrom in vivo. This is the first study to raise concerns about possible toxicity mechanisms of amisulbrom in the implantation process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106347"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecotoxicological effects of the neonicotinoid insecticide dinotefuran on springtails (Folsomia candida) at soil residual concentration","authors":"Jiale Zhang ,&nbsp;Herui Zhang ,&nbsp;Caihong Yu ,&nbsp;Ronghua Lin ,&nbsp;Yanhua Hou ,&nbsp;Min Li ,&nbsp;Huixin Liang ,&nbsp;Liping Chen ,&nbsp;Xinyue Gao ,&nbsp;Siqi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dinotefuran, a third-generation neonicotinoid insecticide, is widely used in agriculture production due to its excellent insecticidal efficacy. Considering its persistence and high toxicity in soil, it is essential to evaluate its low-dose toxic effects on non-target soil organisms such as the springtail (<em>Folsomia candida)</em>. The results revealed that the 7-day half lethal concentration (7d-LC₅₀) of dinotefuran contact toxicity to springtails was 0.029 μg cm⁻². Its chronic toxicity in 4 soil types was ranked as: red soil (0.021 mg kg⁻¹) &gt; fluvo-aquic soil (0.040 mg kg⁻¹) &gt; artificial soil (0.049 mg kg⁻¹) &gt; black soil (0.085 mg kg⁻¹). Soil organic matter (SOC), pH, and total nitrogen (TN) were identified as critical factors affecting dinotefuran toxicity. Biochemical assay results showed that environmental concentrations (0.2–1.6 mg kg⁻¹) of dinotefuran induced oxidative stress and oxidative damage in springtails. Oxidative stress-related enzymes (including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)) and detoxification enzymes were subjected to initial activation at low dinotefuran concentrations, inhibition and re-activation at high concentration. Target enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and total protein content were inhibited with prolonged exposure time and increasing concentrations of dinotefuran. Molecular docking analysis showed that dinotefuran bound to the active sites of related enzymes, thus disrupting their structure and functions, eventually resulting in damages to physiological functions of springtails. In summary, this study deciphers the dinotefuran toxicological mechanism on soil springtails at environmental concentrations. Our findings lay theoretical basis for further assessing its pollution risk and managing its application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106345"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basing target enzyme study the enantioselective bioactivity action mechanism of flusulfinam, a novel HPPD inhibitor herbicide","authors":"Shiling Liu,&nbsp;Siying Qin,&nbsp;Tengfei Zhang,&nbsp;Heng Zhang,&nbsp;Junqi Zhu,&nbsp;Xiaoli Li,&nbsp;Yuanfu Li,&nbsp;Feng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flusulfinam is a novel chiral amide herbicide widely used for controlling annual weeds in rice paddies. However, the mechanism underlying their enantioselective herbicidal activity remain unclear. Herein, it was found that flusulfinam enantiomers, similar to typical HPPD inhibitor mesotrione, reduced chlorophyll <em>a</em>nd carotenoid levels, decreased HPPD enzyme activity, and upregulated gene expression. Additionally, homogentisate supplementation alleviated the bleaching symptoms caused by flusulfinam and all these results validate that flusulfinam is indeed an HPPD inhibitor. To further investigate the mechanism of enantioselectivity, molecular docking was used and showed that <em>R</em>-flusulfinam (−6.55 kcal/mol) had higher binding energy than <em>S-</em>flusulfinam (−5.60 kcal/mol), due to more stable hydrogen bonds with Gln293. After mutating Gln293 to His, the IC₅₀ values for <em>R</em>-flusulfinam and <em>S</em>-flusulfinam on <em>Mut</em>Q293H were 0.73 mg/L and 0.11 mg/L, respectively, indicating swapped enantioselective inhibition compared to <em>At</em>HPPD, with IC₅₀ values of 0.52 mg/L and 1.93 mg/L, respectively. The Microscale Thermophoresis assay further revealed that the dissociation constant (Kd) for <em>Mut</em>Q293H with <em>R</em>-flusulfinam was 20.40 ± 4.19 μM, similar to the Kd value of 15.63 ± 4.51 μM for <em>S</em>-flusulfinam. The findings reveal that mutation of the Gln293 residue in the <em>At</em>HPPD enzyme significantly altered its enantioselective inhibition by flusulfinam. This study is the first to verify the mode of action of flusulfinam and identifies that Gln293 may play a key role in flusulfinam enantioselectivity in the <em>At</em>HPPD, laying the foundation for future HPPD inhibitor development based on flusulfinam.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106346"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glyphosate combined with TBBPA exposure decreased quality and flavor of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) involved inhibiting muscle growth and collagen synthesis","authors":"Dongxu Han ,&nbsp;Yanju Bi ,&nbsp;Tingting Yu ,&nbsp;Xuewei Chen ,&nbsp;Shiwen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glyphosate (N-[phosphonomethyl] glycine, GLY) is the active ingredient of the most widely used commercialized herbicide, and its use increases the potential for co-occurrence with flame retardants such as Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), posing a threat to aquatic systems and food safety. Therefore, it is important to prioritize evaluating these two compounds' combined toxicity. However, only a few studies have analyzed the effects of pollutant mixing on fish from the perspectives of molecular and nutritional components. In this study, the impact of TBBPA and GLY on muscle development and flesh quality was investigated by exposing common carp to water-borne TBBPA and/or GLY for 30 days. The results showed that TBBPA and GLY exposure decreased the anti-oxidant capacity and content of most free amino acids in common carp muscle. Textural analysis suggested that the meat flesh's hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness were decreased under TBBPA and GLY exposure. In addition, the decreased cross-sectional area of muscle fibers and collagen deposition were observed in the carp muscle exposed to TBBPA and/or GLY. Further analysis of related genes indicated the co-exposure of TBBPA and GLY significantly upregulated the levels of FoxO1 and MuRF-1, and decreased the levels of MyoD1, Collagen I, α-SMA, and TGF-β. Collectively, our results illustrated that exposure to TBBPA and GLY could inhibit muscle growth and decrease nutritional value in common carp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106344"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targets selection and field evaluation of an RNA biopesticide to control Phyllotreta striolata","authors":"Saibo Xu ,&nbsp;Xuezhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yinuo Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Han ,&nbsp;Xuexia Miao ,&nbsp;Haichao Li ,&nbsp;Ruobing Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Phyllotreta striolata</em> is a major insect pest that threatens vegetable crops worldwide. Recently, its increasing resistance to chemical pesticides underscores the urgent need for novel control strategies. This study explores the potential of RNA biopesticides for managing <em>P. striolata</em> infestations. Transcriptome sequencing of <em>P. striolata</em> generated 42,779 unigenes, which were subsequently compared with genes known to cause 100 % lethality to <em>Tribolium castaneum</em> in the iBeetle database. Forty-eight candidate RNAi target genes were identified, from which six genes—<em>PsHsc70–3</em>, <em>Psfkh</em>, <em>PsRpn11</em>, <em>PsRpt3</em>, <em>Psncm</em>, and <em>PsCoatβ</em>—were selected for further bioassays. Laboratory results indicated that two of these genes, <em>PsRpt3</em> and <em>PsCoatβ</em>, achieved a 7-day lethality rate exceeding 60 %. These genes were then combined in equal proportions and incorporated into the dsRNA stabilizer MLG01 to form an RNA biopesticide, Ger@dsRNA, for field trials. The initial field trial, conducted in Zhuanghang, Shanghai, showed a 7-day control efficacy of 82.55 ± 6.80 % and 89.11 ± 7.12 % at dsRNA concentrations of 0.1 g/L and 0.5 g/L, respectively. Subsequent field trials in Guangzhou (2022) and Shanghai (2024) yielded similar control effects. This study provides a comprehensive process for the rapid screening of target genes and the development of RNA biopesticides, demonstrating that Ger@dsRNA offers robust preventive efficacy against <em>P. striolata</em>, representing a promising new approach for pest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106330"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of salivary effector FoCA2 in modulating the interactions of the defense response of the kidney bean plant and the adaptability of Frankliniella occidentalis under dinotefuran exposure","authors":"Song Tian,&nbsp;Yanqi Yang,&nbsp;Dingyin Li,&nbsp;Wenbo Yue,&nbsp;Li Liu,&nbsp;Junrui Zhi","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Frankliniella occidentalis</em> (Pergande) is a horticultural pest known for its overwhelming destructive power. Our previous study showed that dinotefuran significantly inhibited the feeding behavior of <em>F. occidentalis</em> on kidney bean plants. However, why dinotefuran suppressed feeding in <em>F. occidentalis</em> is unknown. Here, we analyzed differences in gene expression in the head (containing salivary glands) of <em>F. occidentalis</em> with or without dinotefuran LC₂₅ stress using transcriptome sequencing. Eventually, a salivary protein gene belonging to the carbonic anhydrase (CA) family was obtained and named as <em>FoCA2</em>. The full-length cDNA of <em>FoCA2</em> was obtained by cloning, and the role of <em>FoCA2</em> in the <em>F. occidentalis</em> antidefense toward the kidney bean plant was investigated using RNA interference. The results showed that <em>FoCA2</em> was highly expressed in the head of <em>F. occidentalis</em> and at the feeding stages (nymph and adult). Silencing <em>FoCA2</em> significantly inhibited <em>F. occidentalis</em> feeding and decreased its fecundity and survival; activated jasmonic and salicylic acid signaling pathway-related genes and callose synthase genes; and induced callose accumulation. However, dinotefuran down-regulated the expression of <em>FoCA2</em> thereby attenuating the suppression of plant defense responses by <em>FoCA2</em>, which ultimately reduced the adaptability of <em>F. occidentalis</em>. Taken together, our findings suggest that FoCA2 is a key effector protein involved in <em>F. occidentalis</em> feeding and host adaptation, providing a foundation for studying the interaction between <em>F. occidentalis</em> and its host plants, and providing insights into the role of dinotefuran on pests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 106336"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}