Ophthalmic Research最新文献

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics-Based Safety Evaluation in Half-Dose Verteporfin Photodynamic Therapy.","authors":"Hyeong Min Kim, Hyuncheol Kim, Jae Yong Chung, Se Joon Woo","doi":"10.1159/000541619","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study was conducted to assess the systemic pharmacokinetic profiles of half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) using concentration data from a previous clinical trial and to subsequently suggest safety precaution guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Coefficients for the bi-exponential model were obtained from published data on post-infusion plasma verteporfin concentrations within a period of 0.17-4 h. Using the extrapolative forecasting method, we plotted the 48-h post-verteporfin plasma concentration model. The time required to achieve a comparable level of verteporfin 48 h after a conventional dose (6 mg/m2 body surface area, BSA) infusion was calculated for a half-dose infusion (3 mg/m2 BSA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 24 and 48 h post-verteporfin infusion, the plasma concentration following the conventional dose was 1.28 × 10-4 µg/mL and 5.06 × 10-8 µg/mL, compared to 3.57 × 10-5 µg/mL and 7.54 × 10-9 µg/mL for the half-dose PDT, representing concentrations that were 3.6 times and 6.7 times higher, respectively. The estimated time required to attain the same level of verteporfin 48 h after a conventional dose was calculated as 42-h post-half-dose PDT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study indicate that precautionary measures should be taken to avoid sunlight following both half and conventional doses of PDT during the similar post-treatment periods of two days. Nevertheless, given the substantially higher plasma concentration levels associated with conventional-dose PDT compared with the half-dose, systemic safety should be carefully considered when administering conventional-dose PDT.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"594-599"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal Sensitivity in Macular Subfields and Their Association with Contrast Sensitivity in Early and Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration.","authors":"Eric J Chan, Philipp Anders, Simona A Garobbio, Ursula Hall, Chrysoula Gabrani, Kristina Pfau, Hanna Camenzind Zuche, Stefan Futterknecht, Maximilian Pfau, Michael Herzog, Ghislaine L Traber, Hendrik P N Scholl","doi":"10.1159/000540312","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate retinal sensitivity in subfields and its association with the novel quantitative contrast sensitivity function (qCSF) in patients with early age-related macular degeneration (eAMD), in patients with intermediate AMD (iAMD), and in healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective longitudinal study, retinal sensitivity of a customized 24-point grid was assessed by microperimetry Macular Integrity Assessment (MAIA, CenterVue, Padova, Italy) and divided into different subfields. The Multiple Contrast Vision Meter (Adaptive Sensory Technology, San Diego, CA, USA) was used for qCSF testing. Linear models were used to test the association of functional metrics with variables of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>92 study eyes from 92 participants were analyzed (13 eAMD, 31 iAMD, and 48 controls). Microperimetry subfield comparison showed significant differences (p &lt; 0.0001) in the control group between superior and inferior hemifield as well as between central and peripheral subfields. For eAMD, significant differences were found between central and peripheral subfields (p &lt; 0.001) and specific subfields (p &lt; 0.05) and finally for iAMD between specific quadrants (p &lt; 0.05) and specific squares (p &lt; 0.05). Significant associations of retinal sensitivity with qCSF metrics were found for the area underneath the logarithmic contrast sensitivity function, contrast acuity and for the contrast sensitivity at specific spatial frequencies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed significant differences in the evaluated retinal sensitivity subfields, providing localized natural history data for retinal sensitivity in healthy controls and patients with eAMD and iAMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"458-469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closure Grading and Visual Outcome in Patients with Large Idiopathic Macular Holes: A Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Observation.","authors":"Yanping Yu, Zengyi Wang, Jing Wang, Biying Qi, Lingzi Liu, Zi-Bing Jin, Wu Liu","doi":"10.1159/000536205","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>So far, there has been no closure grade system synthesizing morphological and microstructural features for large idiopathic macular holes (IMHs) treated by vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. This study aimed to propose a concise one and explore its relevance with visual acuity and the related preoperative factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients with large IMHs (minimum diameter &gt;400 μm), undergoing vitrectomy and ILM peeling, obtaining primary closure and regularly followed-up were enrolled. Preoperative clinical charts and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) parameters were reviewed. SD-OCT images and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were assessed at 1, 4, and 10 months postoperatively. SD-OCT features at last visit were categorized by BCVA significance, and preoperative risk factors were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-eight eyes from 64 patients were enrolled. The 10-month postoperative SD-OCT images were categorized into closure grade 1, 2, and 3 with successively decreased BCVA (p &lt; 0.001). During early follow-up, part of grades 2 and 3 could evolve into the upper grade, respectively, but grade 3 could never evolve into grade 1 and exhibited the least satisfactory long-term BCVA. Binary logistic regression showed that large minimum linear diameter (MLD) was a risk factor for grade 3 occurrence (p &lt; 0.001), with a cutoff value of 625.5 μm from the receiver operating characteristic curve for MLD predicting grade 3 occurrence (p = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-term closure status of large IMHs could be categorized into three grades with BCVA significance. Large horizontal MLD is a risk factor for occurrence of grade 3 closure with unsatisfactory visual recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"192-200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139521142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Testing Experiences of People Living with Inherited Retinal Degenerations: Results of a Global Survey.","authors":"Nabin Paudel, Avril Daly, Fiona Waters, Petia Stratieva","doi":"10.1159/000537818","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000537818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obtaining a genetic diagnosis via genetic testing (GT) is a fundamental step in determining the eligibility of a patient to be enrolled in emerging clinical trials and research studies. Besides, the knowledge of genetic outcome allows patients to plan for significant life choices. However, critical barriers exist to an equitable access to genetic services globally. The objective of this study was to explore patient experiences while seeking genomic services for inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey was designed based on a focus group conducted by Retina International and including people affected by IRDs and their families living in different regions around the world. The survey was then circulated to 43 Retina International member organisations globally via email newsletters and social networks. The survey involved questions in relation to the accessibility, affordability, and timeliness of genomic services for IRDs as well as patient perceived awareness of genomic services for IRDs among healthcare professionals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 410 respondents (IRD patients and caregivers) from over 30 countries across all continents responded to the survey. A considerable number of the patients had to go through a long and arduous journey to access GT and counselling services, wherein 40% had to visit more than 5 physicians, 27% had to visit more than 5 clinics, and 57% had to wait for more than 3 years before obtaining a genetic diagnosis. Furthermore, 46% of respondents reported not receiving genetic counselling prior to undergoing GT, and 39% reported not receiving genetic counselling after undergoing GT. Over 3/4th of the participants reported that they did not have to pay for their genomic services for IRDs. Thirty-seven percent of the respondents reported that their eye care professionals (ECPs) were either not aware of GT, remained neutral, or did not encourage them to undergo GT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with IRDs do not have equitable access to best practice GT and counselling services. Greater awareness and training regarding IRDs and the benefits of GT and genetic counselling for patients and families are needed among ECPs. A best practice model on access to genomic services for IRDs is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"201-210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139900302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of Retinitis Pigmentosa and Other Hereditary Retinal Disorders in Western Switzerland.","authors":"Giovanni Marco Conti, Veronika Vaclavik, Carlo Rivolta, Pascal Escher, Daniel Francis Schorderet, Francis L Munier, Hoai Viet Tran","doi":"10.1159/000536036","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mutational screening of inherited retinal disorders is prerequisite for gene targeted therapy. Our aim was to report and analyze the proportions of mutations in inherited retinal disease (IRD)-causing genes from a single center in Switzerland in order to describe the distribution of IRDs in Western Switzerland.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of patient records. Criteria for inclusion were residence in Western Switzerland for patients and relatives presenting a clinical diagnosis of IRDs and an established molecular diagnosis managed by the genetics service of the Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital (JGEH) of Lausanne between January 2002 and December 2022. We initially investigated the IRD phenotypes in all patients (full cohort) with a clinical diagnosis, then calculated the distribution of IRD gene mutations in the entire cohort (genetically determined cohort). We analyzed a sub-group that comprised pediatric patients (≤18 years of age). In addition, we calculated the distribution of gene mutations within the most represented IRDs. Comprehensive gene screening was performed using a combined approach of different generation of DNA microarray analysis, direct sequencing, and Sanger sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The full cohort comprised 899 individuals from 690 families with a clinical diagnosis of IRDs. We identified 400 individuals from 285 families with an elucidated molecular diagnosis (variants in 84 genes) in the genetically determined cohort. The pediatric cohort included 89 individuals from 65 families with an elucidated molecular diagnosis. The molecular diagnosis rate for the genetically determined cohort was 58.2% (family ratio) and the 5 most frequently implicated genes per family were ABCA4 (11.6%), USH2A (7.4%), EYS (6.7%), PRPH2 (6.3%), and BEST1 (4.6%). The pediatric cohort had a family molecular diagnosis rate of 64.4% and the 5 most common mutated genes per family were RS1 (9.2%), ABCA4 (7.7%), CNGB3 (7.7%), CACNA1F (6.2%), CEP290 (4.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study describes the genetic mutation landscape of IRDs in Western Switzerland in order to quantify their disease burden and contribute to a better orientation of the development of future gene targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"172-182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139074771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Changes in Retinal Vascular Parameters and Density in Patients with Moyamoya Disease: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Xijuan Wang, Ying Meng, Dan Song, Cunxin Tan, Guanzheng Wang, Bin Lv, Yuan Ni, Guotong Xie, Ting Cui, Yan Zhang, Yaqian Niu, Chengxia Zhang, Guangfeng Liu","doi":"10.1159/000538296","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to compare retinal vascular parameters and density in patients with moyamoya disease using the optical coherence tomography angiography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This clinical trial totally enrolls 78 eyes from 39 participants, and all these patients with moyamoya disease (N = 13) are set as experimental group and participants with health who matched with age and gender are considered as the control group (N = 26). Then all these participants receive optical coherence tomography angiography detection. Participants' general data are collected and analyzed. Skeleton density (SD) value, vessel density (VD) value, fractal dimension (FD) value, vessel diameter index (VDI) value, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) value are analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 39 participants are included in this study. The SD value in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in control group (0.175 [0.166, 0.181] vs. 0.184 [0.175, 0.188], p = 0.017). Similarly, the VD value in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (0.333 [0.320, 0.350] vs. 0.354 [0.337, 0.364], p = 0.024). Additionally, the FD value in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (2.088 [2.083, 2.094] vs. 2.096 [2.090, 2.101], p = 0.022). As for the VDI and FAZ, VDI and FAZ values in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, there was no significant difference in VDI and FAZ values between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study, using non-invasive and rapid OCTA imaging, confirmed decreased retinal vascular parameters and density in patients with moyamoya disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"211-220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140132257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Experience Survey of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Diabetic Macular Edema.","authors":"Nancy Holekamp, Brittany Gentile, Audrey Giocanti-Aurégan, Alfredo García-Layana, Tunde Peto, Francesco Viola, Peter J Kertes, Mirela Mirt, Aachal Kotecha, Jeremy Lambert, Hannah B Lewis, Gloria C Chi","doi":"10.1159/000538975","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding patient perspectives of treatment may improve adherence and outcomes. This study explored real-world patient experiences with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment for diabetic macular edema (DME) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multinational, non-interventional, quantitative, cross-sectional, observational survey assessed treatment barriers/burden, patient-reported visual functioning, and treatment satisfaction in DME and nAMD patients in the USA, the UK, Canada, France, Italy, and Spain. Treatment patterns and visual outcomes were extracted from medical charts. Regression models evaluated relationships between adherence, total missed visits, number of anti-VEGF injections, and clinical and patient-reported outcomes for visual functioning. Association between treatment satisfaction and aspects of burden were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey was completed by 183 DME and 391 nAMD patients. Patients had moderately high vision-related functioning (25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire score: mean = 74.8) and were satisfied with their current treatment (mean total score: Macular Disease Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire = 59.2; Retinopathy Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire = 61.3). Treatment satisfaction scores were worse with higher time-related impacts of treatment (nAMD/DME), higher impacts on finances and daily life (nAMD), negative impacts on employment and lower expectations for treatment effectiveness (DME). Most patients reported ≥1 barrier (66.1% DME, 49.2% nAMD patients) related to treatment (35.0%), clinic (32.6%), and COVID-19 (21.1%). Moreover, 44.9% of patients reported some impairment in activities of daily living. Work absenteeism was observed among &gt;60% of working patients. Nearly one-quarter (24.2%) of patients needed ≥1 day to recover from intravitreal injections; most reported ≥30 min of travel time (73.7%) and clinic wait time (54.2%). In unadjusted univariable analyses, treatment adherence (vs. nonadherence) was related to higher most recent visual acuity (β = 8.98 letters; CI, 1.34-16.62) and lower odds of visual acuity below driving vision (≤69 letters) (OR = 0.50; CI, 0.25-1.00).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More durable treatments with reduced frequency of injections/visits may reduce treatment burden and improve patient satisfaction, which may enhance adherence and visual outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"311-321"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140874762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiating Ischemic Optic Neuropathy from Glaucoma Using Diagnostic Tests.","authors":"Frédéric Smeets, Astrid Margot, João Barbosa-Breda, Ingeborg Stalmans, Sophie Lemmens","doi":"10.1159/000535568","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) can mimic glaucoma and consequently cause difficulties in differential diagnosis. The purpose of this paper was to summarize differences in diagnostic tests that can help perform a correct diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The search strategy was performed according to the PRISMA 2009 guidelines, and four databases were used: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Totally, 772 references were eligible; 39 were included after screening with respect to inclusion criteria that included English language and published in the 20 years before search date.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety percent (n = 35) of included studies used optical coherence tomography (OCT). Glaucomatous eyes had a significantly greater cup area, volume and depth, cup-to-disk ratio, a lower rim volume and area, and a thinner Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning in glaucomatous eyes occurred primarily at the superotemporal, inferotemporal, and inferonasal sectors, while AION eyes demonstrated mostly superonasal thinning. Glaucoma eyes showed greater macular ganglion cell layer thickness, except at the inferotemporal sector. OCT angiography measurements demonstrated a significant decrease in superficial and deep macular vessel density (VD) in glaucoma compared to AION with similar degree of visual field damage; the parapapillary choroidal VD was spared in AION eyes compared to glaucomatous eyes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By use of OCT imaging, optic nerve head parameters seem most informative to distinguish between glaucoma and AION. Although both diseases affect the RNFL thickness, it seems to do so in different sectors. Differences in structure and vascularity of the macula can also help in making the differential diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"154-171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139542667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Year Follow-Up Study Investigating Changes in Retinal Vascular Morphology and the Relationship with Diabetic Retinopathy in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Shuli Chen, Ying Xiao, Lipu Cui, Xinran Qin, Qingyu An, Tianyi Yuan, Yiwei Wu, Qiurong Lin, Yu Qian, Chenhao Yang, Haidong Zou","doi":"10.1159/000538797","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate changes in retinal microvascular morphology and associated factors, and their relationship with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-eight children enrolled in this 3-year follow-up study underwent complete ophthalmic examinations including fundus photography. Retinal vascular parameters were measured automatically and compared between baseline and follow-up. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate factors affecting changes in vascular parameters. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between retinal microvascular morphology and DR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The caliber of all retinal vessels (within 1-1.5 papillary diameter [PD] from the center of the optic disc, p = 0.030; 1.5-2 PD, p = 0.003), arterioles, and venules (1.5-2 PD, p = 0.001) was narrower in nearly all regions in the follow-up group compared with the baseline group. Vascular tortuosity increased in the central part of the retina and decreased in the periphery. The density (1-1.5 PD, p = 0.030) and fractal dimension (p = 0.037) of retinal vessels were increased at the end of the follow-up compared with baseline. Retinal vascular caliber was independently correlated with DR (odds ratio 0.793 [95% confidence interval 0.633-0.993]; p = 0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Retinal microvascular morphology in children with T1DM varied with the disease course. Narrower retinal vessels may be an independent risk factor for DR. Results of this study emphasized the importance of regular follow-up of fundus vascular morphology for the detection of early DR in children with T1DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"330-339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular Pressure Fluctuation as Assessed by Water Drinking Test following iStent Inject Implantation in Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients.","authors":"Phong Yue Khoo, Chenshen Lam, Seng Fai Tang, Shamira Perera, Teck Chee Cheng, Norshamsiah Md Din","doi":"10.1159/000542081","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigated the intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuation as assessed by the water drinking test (WDT) in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients after combined cataract surgery with iStent implantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective non-randomized comparative study. Eyes with OAG and cataracts that were planned for either combined phacoemulsification and iStent implantation (iStent+CS) or phacoemulsification alone (CS) were recruited. The iStent inject (Model G2-M-IS) or iStent injectW (Model G2-W) trabecular micro-bypass stent (Glaukos Corporation, San Clemente, CA, USA) was implanted in the iStent+CS group. WDT was performed before and 3 months after surgery. WDT-IOP parameters including peak IOP, IOP fluctuation, and area under the curve (AUC) were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 20 eyes in the iStent+CS group and 16 eyes in the CS group. Both groups had similar pre-operative baseline IOP (15.6 ± 3.7 mm Hg vs. 15.8 ± 1.8 mm Hg in the iStent+CS and CS group, respectively, p = 0.883). The iStent+CS group experienced greater numerical reduction in peak IOP (2.6 ± 1.9 mm Hg vs. 1.9 ± 2.4 mm Hg; p = 0.355), IOP fluctuation (1.7 ± 2.2 mm Hg vs. 0.8 ± 2.5 mm Hg; p = 0.289), and AUC (54.8 ± 103.6 mm Hg × minute vs. 25.3 ± 79.0 mm Hg × minute; p = 0.355) than the CS group. There was more reduction in the number of anti-glaucoma medications in the iStent+CS group (1.4 ± 1.2) than the CS group (0.3 ± 0.9; p = 0.005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both combined phacoemulsification with iStent inject implantation and phacoemulsification alone reduced peak IOP, IOP fluctuation, and AUC, and none of these parameters showed statistically significant difference. Greater reduction in anti-glaucoma medications was seen in the combined group.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"635-643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}