Ophthalmic Research最新文献

{"title":"Indications and Outcomes of Posterior Scleral Contraction and Pars Plana Vitrectomy in Myopic Traction Maculopathy: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Hantao Zhou, Zichen Zhang, Shimeng Wang, Ao Pan, Shuting Wei, Jinghao Mei, Shuangqian Zhu, Fang Huang, Ronghan Wu, Zhong Lin","doi":"10.1159/000548499","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000548499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to characterize the differential indications and compare anatomical and visual outcomes between pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and posterior scleral contraction (PSC) in eyes with myopic traction maculopathy (MTM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred seventy-five eyes with MTM from 157 patients who were treated with PSC or PPV and had at least 6 months of follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was used to assess visual outcomes. Anatomical outcomes were assessed using optical coherence tomography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PPV and PSC groups included 87 and 88 eyes, respectively. Eyes in the PPV group were presented with higher presence of epiretinal membrane (93.1% vs. 69.3%, p < 0.001), larger macular hole (MH) diameter (128.0 μm vs. 0 μm, p = 0.01), and more severe pattern of MH (e.g., full thickness MH 18.4% vs. 10.2%, p < 0.001), whereas they achieved better anatomical outcomes (MH recovery rate: 89.9% vs. 50.0%, p < 0.001; incidence of complete or essential recovery: 82.8% vs. 61.4%, p < 0.001; the median time to recovery: 90 days vs. 307 days, p < 0.001). Additionally, better recovery of retinal profile in PPV group tended to be more significant in eyes with axial length (AL) ≤30 mm. Conversely, eyes in the PSC group were presented with more advanced MTM staging system (e.g., stage 4 13.6% vs. 4.6%, p = 0.003) and larger highest cavity of maculoschisis or macular detachment (389.3 ± 229.8 μm vs. 322.2 ± 216.4 μm, p = 0.048), resulting in significant reduction in AL postoperatively (29.9 ± 1.6 mm before surgery vs. 28.2 ± 1.6 mm at last follow-up, p < 0.001). In multivariate linear regression analysis, type of operation did not have a significant impact on BCVA at last follow-up or on change in BCVA after surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PPV was typically performed for eyes with severer vitreoretinal interface abnormalities and achieved better outcomes, particularly in eyes with AL ≤30 mm. PSC was performed for eyes with advanced MTM staging system, providing better axial stabilization despite slower anatomical improvement. Both approaches improved visual acuity to a similar extent, irrespective of the surgical technique employed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"485-495"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Correlated Color Temperature of Organic Light-Emitting Diode Lighting on Near Work-Induced Transient Myopia and Accommodation Lag during Reading.","authors":"Weiling Bai, Shifei Wei, Jiahe Gan, Wenzai An, Xintong Liang, Zhining Cai, Yunyun Sun, Shi-Ming Li, Ningli Wang","doi":"10.1159/000546989","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Correlated color temperature (CCT) is a commonly used index to quantify the spectral composition (wavelength) of light. Animal experiments have shown that compared with high-CCT lighting (4,000 and 5,000 K), low-CCT lighting (2,700 and 3,000 K) slowed the axial growth of young rhesus monkeys. Meanwhile, studies have affirmed the effectiveness of repeated low-level red light for myopia control in children and adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different CCTs of organic light-emitting diode lighting on accommodative lag (LAG) and near work-induced transient myopia (NITM), providing a preliminary foundation in this field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The refractions of 31 young adults (11 males) were measured with an open-field autorefractor at 33 cm after 30 and 60 min of reading under 4,274 K and 1,877 K. The initial NITM and LAG were assessed objectively at baseline and every 30 min. The use of two CCTs was determined in the order of the random number table.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After reading under 30 min, the mean LAG for low-CCT lighting was slightly lower than the high-CCT lighting (-0.97 ± 0.53 D vs. -1.21 ± 0.50 D, p = 0.10); after reading for 60 min, the difference was significant (-1.09 ± 0.55 D vs. -1.36 ± 0.51 D, p = 0.048). When grouped according to the degree of myopia, both mild myopes (-1.11 ± 0.43 vs. -1.38 ± 0.60 after 30-min reading, p = 0.38; -1.34 ± 0.27 vs. -1.5 ± 0.54 after 60-min reading, p = 0.53) and moderate myopes (-0.90 ± 0.57 vs. -1.12 ± 0.42 after 30-min reading, p = 0.16; -0.96 ± 0.61 vs. -1.28 ± 0.50 after 60-min reading, p = 0.05) presented lower LAG magnitude under low-CCT lighting than high-CCT lighting, while the difference was not significant. As for NITM, no significant difference has been found between two CCTs in any group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reading under low-CCT lighting (1,877 K) had a lower LAG magnitude than reading under high-CCT lighting (4,274 K), suggesting the potential usefulness of low-CCT lighting for reducing LAG magnitude during near work.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"431-438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-High-Density Lipoprotein-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio as a Predictive Biomarker for Diabetic Retinopathy Risk: A Population-Based Analysis of US Adults.","authors":"Zhirui Zhang, Changxing Liu, Lingying Zhao, Xufang Tan, Ximing Yu, Jiadi Wang, Jing Yao","doi":"10.1159/000545816","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe complication of diabetes, and lipid imbalances play a key role in its progression. The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) has been identified as a predictor of cardiovascular diseases, but its link to DR remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between NHHR and DR risk in diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between NHHR and DR. Nonlinear associations were assessed using restricted cubic spline analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 4,935 participants, 1,193 had DR. Higher NHHR was strongly associated with increased DR risk. Each unit rise in NHHR increased the risk by 19% (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07-1.31, p < 0.05). In quartile analysis, participants in the highest NHHR quartile had nearly double the risk of DR compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.62-2.06, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed this association was consistent across different demographic groups, including age, gender, BMI, and smoking status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NHHR is significantly linked to DR risk in diabetic patients and may be a valuable biomarker for early detection and prevention strategies in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"301-309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"B7-H3 Exacerbates Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization by Promoting Macrophage Recruitment and Polarization via S100A8/A9.","authors":"Xianbin Yuan, Hongya Wu, Hang Ren, Bo Jiang, Weiming Liu, Qingying Yao, Jie Wu, Gaoqin Liu, Peirong Lu","doi":"10.1159/000546556","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigates the role of the immune costimulatory factor B7-H3 in laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and its underlying molecular mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A CNV model was established in C57BL/6J mice to examine the temporal expression dynamics of B7-H3 in choroidal tissues. B7-H3 knockout (B7-H3-KO) mice were used to assess CNV lesion size compared to wild-type (WT) controls after laser induction. RNA sequencing and xCELL analysis were performed to identify differentially expressed genes and immune cell infiltration patterns. Additionally, in vitro experiments using culture supernatants from murine B7-H3+/- peritoneal macrophages were conducted to evaluate B7-H3's role in angiogenesis using bEnd.3 endothelial cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>B7-H3 expression in the CNV model exhibited an initial upregulation followed by a decline. CNV lesions were significantly smaller in B7-H3-KO mice (1.47 × 106 ± 0.21 × 106 µm2, p < 0.001) and in mice receiving intravitreal injections of B7-H3 monoclonal antibody (2.29 × 106 ± 0.21 × 106 µm2, p < 0.05) compared to WT controls (3.46 × 106 ± 0.41 × 106 µm2). Transcriptomic and xCELL analyses revealed reduced M2 macrophage infiltration and downregulation of the S100A8/A9 heterodimer in B7-H3-KO mice. In vitro, B7-H3-KO peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7 cells treated with S100A8/A9-siRNA exhibited diminished proliferation, migration, and tube formation of bEnd.3 cells. These effects were reversed upon supplementation with exogenous S100A8/A9 heterodimer to B7-H3-KO peritoneal macrophages. Further mechanistic investigation demonstrated that B7-H3 modulates bEnd.3 proliferation and CNV progression via S100A8/A9-mediated activation of the TLR4-NF-κB-VEGFA signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The immune costimulatory molecule B7-H3 promotes CNV by modulating macrophage-mediated S100A8/A9 signaling, which activates the TLR4-NF-κB-VEGFA axis. These findings highlight B7-H3 as a potential therapeutic target in CNV-associated diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"400-418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Preferences with Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Diabetic Macular Edema: A Multinational Discrete Choice Experiment Study.","authors":"Alfredo García-Layana, Gloria C Chi, Laurent Kodjikian, Mariacristina Parravano, David Chow, Timothy L Jackson, Carl Danzig, Liliana P Paris, Mirela Mirt, Mickael Henry-Szatkowski, Hannah B Lewis, Brittany Gentile","doi":"10.1159/000541349","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>New anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatments are emerging for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME)/neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). This study aimed to explore the treatment attributes patients find important when deciding on treatment options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This noninterventional survey study assessed treatment preferences through a discrete choice experiment (DCE) among patients with DME/nAMD in the USA, Canada, France, Italy, Spain, and the UK. The DCE design was informed by a targeted literature review and qualitative interview research and included five treatment attributes: mode of administration, frequency of examinations, frequency of injections or refills, likely change in visual acuity, and eye-related side effects. Conditional logit models were used to analyze the choice data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 537 patients completed the DCE (DME, n = 173; nAMD, n = 364). Patients reported preferring \"injection\" over \"implant surgery and refills\" and better visual outcomes over \"stabilization,\" which were also the most important attributes driving preference (35.1% and 31.5%, respectively). They also showed a preference for less-frequent treatment and examinations and for \"mild-moderate, frequent\" over \"severe, rare\" side effects. These findings were generally consistent across the two conditions, although significant differences were found depending on anti-VEGF treatment duration (nAMD, DME) and number of reported barriers (nAMD).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patient preferences for treatment are driven by several factors. Considering these preferences is essential when designing/introducing new therapies. Individual treatment preferences should be identified and given key consideration when helping patients select from an expanding array of treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"13-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Perfluorohexyloctane for the Treatment of Patients with Dry Eye Disease: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Andrea Taloni, Giulia Coco, Marco Pellegrini, Vincenzo Scorcia, Giuseppe Giannaccare","doi":"10.1159/000542149","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to systematically review the evidence from randomized controlled trials that evaluate the efficacy and safety of perfluorohexyloctane in the treatment of dry eye disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus in April 2024 with the search strategy (\"perfluorohexyloctane\" or \"NOV03\" or \"semifluorinated alkane\") and \"dry eye.\" Extension and paired-eyes study were excluded. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Forest plots and a summary of findings were prepared for total corneal fluorescein staining (tCFS), tear film break-up time (TFBUT), eye dryness score (EDS), and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) for tCFS after 8 weeks of treatment was -0.53 (95% CI: -0.68 to -0.38; p < 0.001), indicating a significant improvement in patients treated with perfluorohexyloctane. The between-study heterogeneity was moderately high (I2 = 52.0%). No significant differences in TFBUT were observed (SMD = 0.05; 95% CI: -0.16 to 0.25; p = 0.654). Regarding symptoms, patients treated with NOV03 had significantly lower EDS compared to controls (SMD = -0.49; 95% CI: -0.66 to -0.32; p < 0.001), with moderately high heterogeneity (I2 = 71.1%). Conversely, the pooled SMD of OSDI was -0.13 (95% CI: -0.43 to 0.17; p = 0.412), indicating no significant difference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Perfluorohexyloctane is an effective and safe alternative for the treatment of evaporative dry eye disease due to MGD that can significantly reduce tCFS and eye dryness symptoms. More well-designed non-sponsored randomized clinical trials are required to investigate the impact on other ocular surface parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"41-51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anterior Segment Anatomic Parameters Based on the Scleral Spur and Cornea for Risk Profiling of Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma.","authors":"Yue Fu, Bin Jiang, Yang Liu, Lufan Li, Yuting Li, Zhaohui Chang, Wen Zeng, Min Ke","doi":"10.1159/000543866","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate the anterior segment anatomical parameters associated with the scleral spur and cornea for risk profiling of primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted, collecting parametric measurements obtained using CASIA 2 and IOLMaster 700. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were utilized to compare ocular parameters between the narrow angle (NA) group and PACG group, as well as identify risk factors for PACG. The predictive performance of each parameter was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 84 patients with PACG (48 with PACG and 36 with chronic PACG) and 84 patients with NA were included in this study. In the multivariable model, it was demonstrated that individuals with a smaller trabecular scleral-spur angle (TSA: OR = 0.810, per 1° increase, p < 0.001, AUROC = 0.738) and larger relative lens vault (rLV: OR = 1.112, per 1 percent increase, p < 0.001, AUROC = 0.720) had an increased risk of developing PACG. Furthermore, combining TSA with rLV yielded an improved AUROC value of 0.807 (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AS-OCT is a valuable tool for early assessment of progression risk in NA patients at risk for developing PACG. Our findings suggest that both TSA and rLV are significant risk factors for PACG. Moreover, the novel parameter TSA demonstrates promising potential as a predictive tool for early PACG screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"228-236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early High Postoperative Intraocular Pressure Improved the Predictability of Trabeculectomy in Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Yao Liu, Huangyang Shi, Xinbo Gao, Wei Huang, Huishan Lin, Weng Ian Tam, Zhuoyi Wu, Chengguo Zuo, Mingkai Lin","doi":"10.1159/000543420","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of early intraocular pressure (IOP) on long-term outcomes of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who were treated with primary trabeculectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study, with a total of 74 patients (90 eyes) with POAG who were treated with trabeculectomy surgery at a single center from 2021 to 2022. Based on IOP at 1 day after surgery, they were divided into the high IOP group (≥15 mm Hg) and the low IOP group (<15 mm Hg). The Student's t test and a chi-square test were used to compare the differences between the two groups. The generalized estimating equation model compared the included binocular data to adjust for internal correlations between the two eyes of the same subject. The Kaplan-Meier method compared the surgical success rates of the two groups. Besides, to identify the relationship between IOP at different postoperative time points and IOP at 1-year follow-up, the Spearman correlation analysis was established.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 90 eyes (74 patients) with POAG were included in this investigation. After a 1-year follow-up, both the qualified surgical success rates in the high IOP group and the low IOP group were 92.3% and 92.2%, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference between them (p = 0.890). The rate of bleb massage in the high IOP group was 82.1% (32 eyes) which was significantly higher than in the low IOP group (19.6%, 10 eyes) (p < 0.001). In the Spearman correlation analysis, it was observed that in the high IOP group, the significant correlation with IOP at 1 year emerged at 1 week after surgery (r = 0.496, p = 0.002) and a higher correlation at 1 month after surgery (r = 0.515, p = 0.002). In the low IOP group, the significant correlation with IOP at 1 year emerged at 3 month after surgery (r = 0.314, p = 0.038) and a higher correlation at 6 month after surgery (r = 0.592, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the POAG patients with primary trabeculectomy, we demonstrated that compared with the low IOP group, the high IOP group could provide a similar surgical success rate while requiring a higher frequency of bleb massage. In addition, in the high IOP group, IOP at 1 month after surgery predicted long-term IOP control outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"210-220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical Coherence Tomography Measurements of Retina and Choroid in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Nasim Hosseinzadeh, Mehrdad Mahalleh, Sara KamaliZonouzi, Sogol Alikarami, Mahdi Gouravani, J Fernando Arevalo","doi":"10.1159/000549417","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Introduction: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare optical coherence tomography (OCT) retinal measurements between patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the neurotypical controls, exploring the potential of OCT as a noninvasive biomarker for ASD-related neurodevelopmental alterations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were explored to determine eligible articles reporting OCT measurements of the retina and choroid in patients with ASD compared to healthy controls. Statistical analysis of OCT metrics was performed if reported in at least three discrete studies. In the process, fixed- and random-effects models were utilized, depending on the heterogeneity level between studies. Subgroup analysis based on the age group of cases, the method of eye selection, age and sex matching of cases and controls, and the OCT device used was also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies with 373 ASD cases (with a total of 640 eyes) and 443 controls (with a total of 760 eyes) were included in this study. No significant alteration was observed in the average total macular layer, macular inner nuclear layer (INL), macular inner plexiform layer (IPL), macular ganglion cell layer (GCL), and macular retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. There was also no significant difference in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness of the eyes of cases with ASD compared to healthy controls, except for the inferonasal portion of the pRNFL, which was significantly thicker in ASD subjects when compared to controls (p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of the present meta-analysis indicate a localized thickening of the inferonasal pRNFL with no alteration of other portions of pRNFL and macular layers (IPL, INL, GCL, RNFL). Although OCT may reflect subtle neurodevelopmental differences in ASD, current evidence is limited by small sample sizes, methodological heterogeneity, and potential confounders. </p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"531-554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12676125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145452593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Estimated Individual Vitreous Volume on Intraocular Pressure Spikes after Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors Injection.","authors":"Nurullah Koçak, Abdülcemal Gürpınar, Volkan Yeter","doi":"10.1159/000543071","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of estimated individual vitreous volume (VV) on intraocular pressure (IOP) spikes after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections (IVIs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>VVs of eyes were calculated using an axial length (AL)-based formula AL3 × (π/6) × 0.76 + 0.012 × (AL - 24), and study eyes were divided into four groups according to their VVs; <4.5 cm3 (Group 1, n = 52), 4.5-5.0 cm3 (Group 2, n = 60), 5.0-5.50 cm3 (Group 3, n = 60), and >5.50 cm3 (Group 4, n = 35). IOP measurements were taken Pre-IVI, immediately after (Post-IVI-0), 5 min (Post-IVI-5), 15 min (Post-IVI-15), and 30 min after the IVI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant IOP change was found between the five-time points in all groups (p < 0.001 for all). Regarding the same time point measurement comparison between the groups, only a statistically significant change was found in the Post-IVI-0 point (p = 0.001). In a post hoc analysis, Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 had significantly higher IOP values when compared to Group 4 (p < 0.05 for all). Patients treated with prefilled ranibizumab syringes exhibited lower IOP increases than vial-prepared aflibercept injection at the Post-IVI-0 time point (p = 0.042).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A similar increase in IOP was observed in eyes with low and intermediate volumes, but the increase was less pronounced in those with high volumes after the IVI. Prefilled syringe form showed a lower IOP increase tendency in comparison with vial-prepared forms of the molecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":19662,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic Research","volume":" ","pages":"108-116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11844668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142854948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}