Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research最新文献

{"title":"A unilateral increase in the occlusal vertical dimension of growing rats results in mandibular deviation","authors":"Senxin Cai,&nbsp;Jing Liu,&nbsp;Yao Chen,&nbsp;Xinhan Yang,&nbsp;Yuxiang Yan,&nbsp;Dali Zheng,&nbsp;Youguang Lu,&nbsp;Linyu Xu","doi":"10.1111/ocr.12851","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.12851","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effects of unilateral increased occlusal vertical dimension (iOVD) on bilateral craniofacial, mandibular and alveolar development in growing rats were investigated via cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The role of Wnt/β-catenin signalling in this process was examined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-eight female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly allocated into unilateral iOVD and sham groups. At 2, 4 and 8 weeks, the rats were scanned via CBCT to analyse cranial, maxillary, mandibular and dental morphology. Changes in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage histology and Wnt/β-catenin signalling were assessed by histochemical and immunohistochemical staining and qRT–PCR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dorsal cephalograms revealed that the mandible in the iOVD group tilted approximately 4° to the right. Unilateral iOVD had little effect on cranial and maxillary growth but inhibited mandibular growth (mandibular length and ramal height), especially on the deviated side (DS). Moreover, unilateral iOVD increased the length of the lower incisors and decreased the height of the molars on the DS. Unilateral iOVD induced bilateral osteoarthritis-like changes in the bilateral TMJ condylar cartilage and activated Wnt/β-catenin signalling in the condylar cartilage, especially on the contralateral side (CLS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Occlusion with unilateral iOVD induced mandibular deviation, significantly inhibited mandibular growth and produced compensatory changes in the alveolar bone. In the iOVD group, the mandibular body length and ramal height were greater on the CLS than on the DS. Moreover, the greater β-catenin protein expression in the TMJ condylar cartilage on the CLS than on the DS may account for the difference in asymmetrical mandibular development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"84-94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Euler-angle norms for tooth rotation, torque and tip","authors":"Benjamin Steinvorth,&nbsp;Stefano Troiani,&nbsp;Tony Weir,&nbsp;Maurice J. Meade","doi":"10.1111/ocr.12848","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.12848","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Intro</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of the current study was to develop and describe a new measuring system for the orientation of a tooth in a digitalized cast of a jaw and provide new angular values for the rotation, torque and tip of maxillary and mandibular teeth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cross-sectional study involved the utilization of a sub-group of extrinsic Euler-angles to derive optimal norm values per tooth in three different planes of orientation (‘rotation’, ‘torque’ and ‘tip’) by evaluating the digital representations of the teeth derived from a database containing over 17,500 patients. The process involved the entry of the .stl files of the jaw pairs into a fully automated software system (Smyl:Ai, Ulm, Germany) whereupon jaw alignment, teeth segmentation, landmark identification and visual validation of input files was conducted prior to calculation of the norm values for the three different planes of orientation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The digital scans in stereolithography (.STL)-file format of the upper and lower dentitions of 1914 individuals with optimal occlusion were chosen and evaluated. New mean (standard deviation) angular values were determined for the rotation, torque and tip of maxillary and mandibular teeth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings facilitate the reappraisal of rotation, torque and tip values currently acceptable as ideal. They will inform anthropologists and dental researchers about occlusion and alignment in orthodontic and non-orthodontic patients and provide baseline data for future studies. The methodology will also enable the evaluation of large numbers of data in relatively short timeframes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"75-83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ocr.12848","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphologic predictors of mandibular changes induced by Sander's Bite Jumping Appliance","authors":"Vincenzo D'Antò,&nbsp;Giorgio Oliva,&nbsp;Roberto Rongo,&nbsp;Rosaria Bucci,&nbsp;Stefano Martina,&nbsp;Lorenzo Franchi,&nbsp;Rosa Valletta","doi":"10.1111/ocr.12850","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.12850","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to identify pretreatment cephalometric variables as possible predictors of the mandibular length increase in Class II patients with mandibular retrusion, treated by means of the Bite Jumping Appliance (BJA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-three subjects (22 males and 21 females) with Class II malocclusion, treated with a BJA, were selected on the basis of the following inclusion criteria: full Class II molar relationship, Overjet (OVJ) ≥ 6 mm and a skeletal Class II malocclusion with mandibular retrusion at the start of the treatment (T0); cervical vertebral maturation stage 2 or 3 at time 0 (T0). The following mandibular structural features were measured on lateral cephalograms at time 0 and time 1 (15 months of treatment): the width and height of the mandibular symphysis and its width/height ratio, the width and height of the mandibular ramus and its width/height ratio, the antegonial notch depth and the Condilion–Gonion–Menton (Co–Go–Me) angle. Post-treatment changes were assessed by Pancherz's cephalometric analysis, evaluating the increases in mandibular length. A regression statistical model was used to test the association between morphologic variables and mandibular length changes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At T1, a significant increase in mandibular length (7.1 + 3.4 mm, <i>p</i> &lt; .001) was measured. A significant negative association between the pretreatment Co–Go–Me angle and mandibular length change was found (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). IMPA angle was negatively associated with mandibular length change. All the others morphological feature were not statistically related to mandibular length change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Co–Go–Me angle and IMPA angle at T0 can be used as predictors for mandibular response to the treatment with BJA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ocr.12850","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D-printed zirconia orthodontic brackets: Effect of printing method on dimensional accuracy","authors":"Zhi Tang,&nbsp;Jingtao Dai,&nbsp;Anlan Yu,&nbsp;Ping Li,&nbsp;Chufeng Liu,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Shen","doi":"10.1111/ocr.12847","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.12847","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated the effect of additive manufacturing (AM) methods on the slot height dimensions and accuracy of 3D-printed orthodontic brackets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 3D model of a standard Mclaughlin Bennett Trevisi bracket was used as a reference to print the ceramic bracket in a 90° orientation using two representative AM methods: digital light processing (DLP) and material jetting (MJ). The dimensional accuracy and slot heights were determined using a scanning electron microscope and an optical scanner. Also, all specimens were analysed using the Geomagic Control X 3D inspection software. The root mean square (RMS) values were used for trueness and precision assessment. Statistical analyses were performed using an independent sample <i>t</i>-test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Slot height dimensions, trueness RMS, and precision RMS were statistically affected by different AM methods (<i>p</i> &lt; .01). There was a significant difference between the different printing methods, with DLP meeting the tolerance requirements (mean slot height = 0.557 ± 0.018 mm) and MJ being slightly below them (mean slot height = 0.544 ± 0.021 mm). However, MJ significantly outperformed DLP in terms of accuracy. Among the two printing methods, MJ was associated with higher trueness (RMS = 0.025 ± 0.004 mm) and precision (RMS = 0.038 ± 0.005 mm).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both tested AM methods yielded clinically acceptable outcomes, with the RMS range set to ±100 μm and the slot height tolerance established at 0.549–0.569 mm. The MJ technology achieved the highest accuracy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":"27 S2","pages":"147-154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of clear aligners in the orthodontic rotational movement using different attachment configurations","authors":"Gianluigi Fiorillo,&nbsp;Alessandra Campobasso,&nbsp;Silvia Croce,&nbsp;Umar Hussain,&nbsp;Giovanni Battista,&nbsp;Eleonora Lo Muzio,&nbsp;Gualtiero Mandelli,&nbsp;Alessandro Ambrosi,&nbsp;Giorgio Gastaldi","doi":"10.1111/ocr.12846","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.12846","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the accuracy of dental rotational movements using clear aligners with different attachment configurations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study analysed 212 teeth from 89 patients undergoing Invisalign treatment. Digital models were analysed after the virtual treatment plan (ST1) and after the first treatment phase (ET1) to evaluate the effective clinical rotational movement. The rotational movements of incisors, canines, and bicuspids were measured using data from the Clincheck Movements Table. ST1 and ET1 were compared to determine the actual rotational movement achieved (ST1-ET1). The presence or absence of attachments (rectangular or optimized) on teeth was analysed. The accuracy of rotational movements among attachment types was compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Multiple linear regressions were conducted with accuracy as the dependent variable and tooth type, gender, and age as predictors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Optimized attachments had the highest median accuracy (70%), followed by rectangular (65%), and without attachment (63%), with no significant differences (<i>p</i> = .5). There were no significant differences across age groups, genders, or tooth types. Baseline accuracy was 68.62% (95% CI: 56.03–81.20, <i>p</i> &lt; .001). Age was a significant predictor (estimate = −0.30, 95% CI: −0.58 – −0.03, <i>p</i> = .032), indicating decreased accuracy with increasing age. The model's <i>R</i>² was 0.046, with an adjusted <i>R</i>² of 0.003, indicating minimal variance explained.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The addition of attachment configurations to clear aligners improves rotational accuracy, but not significantly. Further advancements in these configurations are needed to enhance the performance of the aligners.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":"27 6","pages":"996-1003"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ocr.12846","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How accurate is predicted root movement achieved in four first-premolar extraction cases with Invisalign?","authors":"Fanfan Dai,&nbsp;Yanhui Sang,&nbsp;Jingjing Zeng,&nbsp;Hongjian Wang,&nbsp;Yichun Pan,&nbsp;Jianhui Zhao,&nbsp;Tianmin Xu,&nbsp;Guang Shu","doi":"10.1111/ocr.12842","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.12842","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to compare the achieved and predicted root movements in adults after four first-premolar extractions and Invisalign treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-three consecutive adults (22 Class I, 9 Cusp-to-cusp Class II and 2 Cusp-to-cusp Class III) from a single clinical division who completed the first series of aligners after premolar extractions were included in this retrospective study. A pretreatment cone-beam computed tomography model was registered onto the pretreatment surface-scanned dental model (SSDM) to locate the pretreatment root apices of the whole dentition. These were copied and transferred to the predicted and achieved post-treatment SSDMs to acquire the locations of the predicted and achieved post-treatment root apices. The differences between predicted and achieved root movements (DPARMs) were tested using the paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the anteroposterior direction, posterior root movements of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were poorly achieved (3.24–5.74 mm DPARMs, <i>p</i> &lt; .05). In the vertical direction, roots of maxillary anterior teeth achieved greater intrusion (0.70–0.93 mm DPARMs, <i>p</i> &lt; .05), while those of mandibular incisors achieved less intrusion (0.57–0.65 mm DPARMs, <i>p</i> &lt; .05) than predicted. In the mediolateral direction, lateral incisor roots did not move distally (−0.65 to −0.96 mm DPARMs, <i>p</i> &lt; .05), while those of canines did not move buccally, compared with the prediction (−0.75 mm DPARMs, <i>p</i> &lt; .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the four first-premolar extraction treatments with Invisalign, root movements were not achieved as predicted, particularly for anterior teeth in the anteroposterior direction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":"27 6","pages":"985-995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ocr.12842","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of isotretinoin on tooth movement, orthodontically induced and non-orthodontic root resorption: A micro-CT study","authors":"Gulay Dumanli Gok,&nbsp;Koray Halicioglu,&nbsp;Ali Keles,&nbsp;Nejat Vakur Olgac,&nbsp;Damla Kayali,&nbsp;Ozlem Tugce Cilingir Kaya","doi":"10.1111/ocr.12840","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.12840","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to investigate whether cumulative dose-dependent isotretinoin (Roaccutane®) could affect orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and root resorption.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety male Wistar Albino rats were divided into 4 groups. While, the control (SALINE), solvent (SOYBEAN) and orthodontic drug (ISOTM) groups underwent orthodontic force, the non-orthodontic drug group (ISO) did not. The rats were administrated saline, soybean oil (SBO) and isotretinoin diluted in SBO (ISOTM, ISO) for 30 days, respectively. Six rats were euthanized in each orthodontic group. Fifty grams of orthodontic force was applied to the remaining rats' first molars using the incisors as anchorage. Six more rats in each group were euthanized on the 7th, 14th and 21st days of the force application. In the ISO group, six rats were euthanized on the 37th, 44th and 51st days of administration. Six rats that were euthanized for ISOTM on the 30th day were also used for ISO to reduce the number of rats used. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analysis were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Independent of orthodontic force, isotretinoin caused root resorption in the apical region. However, there was no statistically significant influence of isotretinoin on OTM and orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the lack of strong evidence supporting the orthodontically induced resorptive effect of isotretinoin, this study provided findings regarding the resorptive effects of isotretinoin on non-orthodontic root resorption. Therefore, the present results underscore the importance of close monitoring during orthodontic treatment to mitigate potential root resorption in patients who use isotretinoin because of acne complaints.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":"27 6","pages":"974-984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ocr.12840","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomodulation effects induced by ultrasound stimulation in periodontal cells implicated in orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review","authors":"Selma Pascoal,&nbsp;Francisca Monteiro,&nbsp;Sofia Oliveira,&nbsp;Arianna Simoni,&nbsp;Óscar Carvalho,&nbsp;Teresa Pinho","doi":"10.1111/ocr.12845","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.12845","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is increasingly important for shorter treatment times, which reduces periodontal risks, root resorption and dental caries. Techniques to accelerate OTM focus on stimulating bone remodelling by enhancing osteoclast and osteoblast activity and include both surgical and non-surgical methods. The therapeutic potential of ultrasounds is highly recognized among many medical areas and has shown promising results in modulating bone remodelling and inflammation phenomena. This systematic review aims to collect and analyse the current scientific in vitro and ex vivo evidence on ultrasound stimulation (US) bioeffects in cells implicated in tooth movement. This review was conducted according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Sixteen articles were selected and included in this review. The revised studies suggest that US of 1.0 and 1.5 MHz, delivered at 30 mW/cm², 10 to 30 min daily over three to 14 days seems to be effective in promoting osteoclastogenic activity, while US of 1.5 MHz, 30 to 90 mW/cm², in 5- to 20-min sessions delivered daily for 5 to 14 days exhibits the potential to stimulate osteogenic activity and differentiation. Previous research yielded varied evidence of the effectiveness of US in orthodontics. Future animal studies should employ the recommended US parameters and investigate how distinct protocols can differentially impact tissue remodelling pathways. The knowledge arising from this review will ultimately potentiate the application of US to accelerate OTM in the clinical setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"54-66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bonding positional accuracy of attachments and marginal adaptation of in-house aligners – A quality improvement laboratory study","authors":"Nathália Moraes Carvalho Barreto Brandão,&nbsp;Raiane Machado Maia,&nbsp;Victor de Morais Gomes,&nbsp;Carolina Resende,&nbsp;Alberto Nogueira da Gama Antunes,&nbsp;Bernardo Quiroga Souki","doi":"10.1111/ocr.12843","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.12843","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the 3D accuracy of attachment positioning and the adaptation of aligners to attachments using in-house templates made with either polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) or ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and either pressure or vacuum thermoforming machines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 140 test specimens were resin-printed. Templates for the attachment bonding were made with 1-mm EVA or 0.5-mm PETG laminates. Orthodontic aligners were manufactured with 0.75-mm PETG. The thermoplastification process was carried out using either vacuum or pressure machines. The positional differences between the virtual and bonded attachments were assessed in the <i>X</i>, <i>Y</i> and <i>Z</i> coordinates. The marginal adaptation between the aligners and the attachments was measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Minor inaccuracies in the positioning of the attachments were observed in all combinations of thermoforming machines and plastic laminates used to fabricate the templates, mainly in the superior–inferior (<i>Z</i>) dimension. PETG performed better than EVA in the anterior region (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). No association was found between thermoplastification machines and the accuracy of the positioning of the attachments (<i>p</i> &gt; .05). While small misadaptations between the aligners and the attachments were observed, the EVA templates performed better than the PETG templates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The inaccuracy of the attachment positioning and the misadaptation of the aligners to the attachments were slight. The vacuum and pressure thermoplastification machines showed no difference in attachment positioning accuracy. The PETG template was better than the EVA template in the anterior region, but the EVA attachments presented a better adaptation to the aligners than the PETG attachments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":"27 S2","pages":"120-130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In utero nicotine exposure affects murine palate development","authors":"Heema Vyas,&nbsp;Amr Mohi,&nbsp;Mark Boyce,&nbsp;Emily L. Durham,&nbsp;James J. Cray","doi":"10.1111/ocr.12844","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.12844","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite data linking smoking to increased risk of fetal morbidity and mortality, 11% of pregnant women continue to smoke or use alternative nicotine products. Studies confirm that nicotine exposure during pregnancy increases the incidence of birth defects; however, little research has focused on specific anatomic areas based on timing of exposure. We aim to determine critical in utero and postnatal periods of nicotine exposure that affect craniofacial development, specifically palate growth. Malformation of the palatal structures can result in numerous complications including facial growth disturbance, or impeding airway function. We hypothesized that both in utero and postnatal nicotine exposure will alter palate development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We administered pregnant C57BL6 mice water supplemented with 100 μg/mL nicotine during early pregnancy, throughout pregnancy, during pregnancy and lactation, or lactation only. Postnatal day 15 pups underwent micro-computed tomography (μCT) analyses specific to the palate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Resultant pups revealed significant differences in body weight from lactation-only nicotine exposure, and μCT investigation revealed several dimensions affected by lactation-only nicotine exposure, including palate width, palate and cranial base lengths, and mid-palatal suture width.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results demonstrate the direct effects of nicotine on the developing palate beyond simple tobacco use. Nicotine exposure through tobacco alternatives, cessation methods, and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) may disrupt normal growth and development of the palate during development and the postnatal periods of breastfeeding. Due to the recent dramatic increase in the use of ENDS, future research will focus specifically on this nicotine delivery method.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":"27 6","pages":"967-973"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141875511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}