Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research最新文献

{"title":"Methodological Design for Three-Dimensional Assessment of Maxillary and Mandibular Impacted Canines by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Marcela Gurgel, Ana Carolina Saraiva, Amanda Barbosa Pereira, Francisco Samuel Rodrigues Carvalho, Eduardo Frederico Eduardo Maferano, Aron Aliaga-Del Castillo, Luis Ernesto Arriola-Guillén, Cauby Maia Chaves Junior, Lucia Cevidanes, Fabio Wildson Gurgel Costa","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To map and critically synthesize the methodological approaches used for the CBCT-based evaluation of maxillary and mandibular impacted canines (ICs), with emphasis on imaging protocols, anatomical variables, and diagnostic frameworks. This scoping review followed PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A three-step search strategy was applied across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, LIVIVO, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and Google Scholar, using MeSH terms and free-text keywords related to ICs and CBCT. Data on sample characteristics, CBCT acquisition parameters, anatomical assessment criteria, classification systems, segmentation software, and examiner calibration were extracted and synthesized narratively. Forty-nine observational studies met the inclusion criteria. Substantial heterogeneity was observed in CBCT equipment, voxel size, field of view, exposure settings, image orientation, segmentation tools, and calibration procedures. Most studies evaluated maxillary canines, whereas mandibular impactions were rarely assessed (6.12%). The most frequently analysed characteristics were the impacted canine's position within the alveolar bone, its involvement in adjacent tooth resorption, and its spatial relationship to surrounding teeth. Major methodological gaps were identified in CBCT acquisition protocols, image orientation, examiner reliability, classification systems, and the assessment of follicular and impacted canine morphology, volume, shape, and anatomical relationships to adjacent structures widely used classification systems, particularly Ericson-Kurol, showed variable adaptations and limited standardization. Most studies evaluated maxillary canines, focusing on bucco-palatal position, root resorption, and the Ericson and Kurol classification, although CBCT methodologies were inconsistently reported. Standardized acquisition, orientation, and measurement protocols may improve diagnostic consistency and support more reliable orthodontic treatment planning and clinical decision-making for impacted canines.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148376170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and Environmental Influences on Dental Arch Shape During Development: A Longitudinal Twin Study.","authors":"Jamal Giri, Michelle Bockmann, Alan Brook, Angela Gurr, Lyle Palmer, Toby Hughes","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to phenotypic variations of dental arch shape from the primary to permanent dentition stages.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Maxillary and mandibular digital models of 188 twin pairs (90 monozygotic and 98 dizygotic) in the primary dentition stage, tracked longitudinally through the mixed and permanent dentition stages, were examined. Dental landmarks were recorded at the incisal edges of incisors and the cusp tips of canines and posterior teeth in both arches in MeshLab. Arch shape variation was analysed using Procrustes superimposition and principal component analysis, then partitioned into genetic and environmental variance components using genetic structural equation modelling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The first three principal components were meaningful, explaining 42%-54% of the phenotypic variation in dental arch shape from the primary to permanent dentition stages. The arch depth-to-width ratio (principal component 1) greatly influenced arch shape in both maxillary and mandibular arches across all dentition stages. Other components included canine position, displacement and rotation of incisors and posterior teeth and the steepness of the curve of Spee. An AE model incorporating additive genetic (A) and non-shared environmental (E) components best explained the phenotypic variances in dental arch shape, with narrow-sense heritability estimates ranging from 0.60 to 0.84 for the first three principal components.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The dental arch shape was predominantly influenced by additive genetic and non-shared environmental factors throughout development, with moderate to high heritability estimates across all dentition stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148369315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Smartphone-Based 3D Photogrammetry Suitable for Indirect Facial Analysis in Patients With Dentofacial Deformities? A Trueness and Precision Analysis.","authors":"Allan Vinícius Martins-de-Barros, André Corsino Fonseca Neto, Maria Eduarda de Alencar Barreto, Petra de Melo Lacerda, Gilberto Tenório Wanderley Fernandes Lima, José Rodrigues Laureano Filho, Tatiane Fonseca Faro, Fábio Andrey da Costa Araújo","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the trueness and precision of Qlone Dental Pro 3D Scanner for smartphones when applied to indirect facial analysis of individuals undergoing orthognathic surgical planning.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional trueness and precision study. The study population comprised individuals with dentofacial deformities. A control group without dentofacial deformity was included for comparison. Direct facial anthropometry using a digital calliper served as standard-reference. 3D facial models in. OBJ format were obtained by Qlone Dental Pro 3D Scanner and imported to MeshLab 2025.7 where indirect facial measurements were performed. Trueness was defined by the proximity of indirect and direct facial measurements, while precision was assessed through comparison of indirect measurements from two subsequent smartphone-based scans. Statistical analysis was performed with Jamovi 2.6.26.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 40 participants, equally distributed between dentofacial deformity and control groups. In trueness analysis, mean differences ranged from -3.32 mm to 0.83 mm, with an overall mean difference of -1.47 mm. Systematic bias was statistically significant (p < 0.05) for all measurements, except for N-Sn. Precision analysis demonstrated mean differences < 0.40 mm, with an overall mean difference of 0.14 mm, without statistically significant systematic bias (p > 0.05). Comparison of trueness and precision between individuals with and without dentofacial deformities revealed no statistically significant differences for most measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Indirect facial anthropometric analysis using Qlone Dental Pro 3D Scanner demonstrated high precision but limited trueness compared with conventional direct measurements. The presence of dentofacial deformity did not significantly influence indirect measurement performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148369263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimally Invasive Surgical and Miniscrew-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MISMARPE) - Immediate Skeletal and Dentoalveolar Effects With Tooth-Bone-Borne Versus Bone-Borne Expanders: A Comparative Cohort Study.","authors":"Vicente D Piccoli, Paulo R B Matje, Orion L Haas, Rubens M Bastos, Susana M D Rizzatto, Rogério B de Oliveira, Federico Hernández-Alfaro, Luciane M de Menezes","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study evaluated the immediate skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of Minimally Invasive Surgical and Miniscrew Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MISMARPE), comparing outcomes using two different appliance designs: tooth-bone-borne (TBB) and bone-borne (BB) expanders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective comparative cohort study included 24 consecutively treated adult patients (mean age 35.9 ± 9.5 years): 13 in the TBB group and 11 in the BB group. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were obtained pre-treatment (T0) and immediately after expansion (T1) to assess skeletal and dentoalveolar changes. Generalized Estimating Equations analysis, followed by Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, was used to compare measurements between groups over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MISMARPE technique produced significant increases in all linear measurements except posterior maxillary basal width in the TBB group (p = 0.142). Both groups exhibited greater skeletal expansion in the anterior maxillary region, demonstrating a triangular expansion pattern in the axial view. The TBB group showed significantly greater increases in dental distances (6-6CR, p = 0.002; 6-6RT, p = 0.017) and posterior alveolar width (P-AM, p < 0.001) compared to the BB group. No significant changes in molar inclination were observed in either group post-expansion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The MISMARPE technique is effective for adult maxillary expansion, producing a triangular palatal expansion pattern in the axial view with parallel suture opening at the anterior nasal spine level in the coronal view. The TBB expander demonstrated greater transverse dentoalveolar expansion and stability of miniscrews compared to BB design, while both anchorage systems achieved similar skeletal effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148331867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Eruption Pattern of Second Permanent Molars Following Extraction of Compromised First Permanent Molars in Children and Its Predicting Factors: A Retrospective Radiographic Study.","authors":"Fanouria Papaioannou, Konstantina Chatzidimitriou, Kyriaki Seremidi, Heleni Vastardis, Sotiria Gizani","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate eruption pattern, in terms of space closure and alignment of second permanent molars (SPM), following extractions of first permanent molars (FPM) and assess the effect of predicting factors including age at extraction, developmental stage of SPM, angulation of adjacent teeth and presence of third permanent molars (TPM) on the outcome.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included healthy children aged 6-12 years who had undergone extraction of one or more severely compromised FMPs and had complete pre- and post-extraction radiographic records until completion of the root formation of SPM and second premolar. Data on age, arch, extraction site, SPM developmental stage (Demirjian scale), angulation of adjacent teeth and presence of TPMs were collected from patients' records and pre-extraction panoramic radiographs. Space closure and angulation of SPM were evaluated via post-extraction radiographs. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty teeth, from 60 patients (mean age at extraction: 10.4 years; mean follow-up: 32 months) were evaluated. Overall complete space closure was achieved in 75%, more prominent in the maxilla than the mandible (80% vs. 73%). Significantly higher closure rates were recorded in patients < 10 years at extraction (p = 0.01) and when the SPM was at Demirjian developmental stages E-F (p = 0.04). Upright angulation of SPM was observed in 78% of the cases, significantly more frequently in the maxilla (100%) than in the mandible (67%) (p = 0.01). Regression analysis identified the SPM developmental stage and the TPM presence as significant predictors of space closure, while the dental arch was the only significant predictor of upright SPM alignment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Spontaneous space closure and favourable alignment of the SPM occurred in most cases following extraction of compromised FPMs. The highest success rates were observed when extraction was performed between 8 and 10 years of age and when the SPM was at Demirjian developmental stages E-F, suggesting that these factors may represent the most reliable clinical indicators for optimal timing of extraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Craniofacial Growth in Patients With Cleft Before and After Puberty: A Longitudinal Case-Control Study.","authors":"Mónica Isabel Tavares Amorim, Joana Godinho, Paul Mario Caruso, Jeffrey Arigo, Luis Jardim","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare craniofacial morphology between individuals with isolated cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP), and a matched control group before and after the pubertal growth spurt.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cephalometric data from before and after the growth spurt were collected from 71 anonymized patients, of whom 29 (40.8%) had CLP, 13 (18.3%) had CL and 29 (40.8%) non-cleft control patients presenting Angle Class I malocclusion. Data analysis included raw and standardized mean values along with comparisons using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The significance level was set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, mean ages were comparable across groups: 8.24 ± 0.94 years (control), 8.24 ± 0.94 years (CL), and 8.33 ± 2.44 years (CLP). The cleft groups included a higher proportion of male individuals (CL: 76.9%, CLP: 62.1% vs. 48.3% for control), although not statistically significant. Patients with CL had significantly higher A-Nasion-B angle when compared with CLP and control groups. Individuals with CLP presented significantly lower values of Sella-Nasion-A and Sella-Nasion-B angles and significantly higher values of mandibular plane to Sella-Nasion and gonial angles when compared to the control group. Changes in the maxillo-mandibular relationship were observed in the CLP and CL groups, reaching Class III and Class I relationships after the growth spurt, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although normal prepubertal maxillary prominence was observed in children with CL, impaired sagittal maxillary growth was recorded in this group during puberty. Individuals with CLP or CL present significant differences in maxillary and mandibular morphology and growth, which should be considered in orthodontic planning and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148227375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clear Aligner Attachments: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Rami Boulakroune, Junbo Wang, Shangyou Wen, Carlos Flores-Mir, Xianglong Han, Wenli Lai, Hu Long","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This scoping review aimed to map the available evidence on clear aligner attachments, summarise key themes and identify gaps to inform clinical practice and future research. This review was registered in the Open Science Framework database. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase databases in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search strategy was systematically constructed using Boolean operators to capture the core literature related to clear aligners and attachments. Searches were conducted up to 30 August 2025. Studies focusing on attachments in clear aligner therapy published between 1 January 2005 and 30 August 2025 were included without restrictions on study design, except narrative reviews. Both primary studies and secondary studies (systematic reviews) were eligible and mapped in this scoping review. Data were systematically charted using a standardised form capturing key variables including study design, year of publication, country of origin, research objectives and outcomes relevant to clear aligner attachments. A total of 115 studies were finally included. In vitro studies predominated, representing 72.1% of the total. Most research was conducted in China and Turkey, with a total of 23 countries represented. The United States, China, Australia and Italy led in international research collaborations. A noticeable increase in publications was observed from 2020 onward, reaching a high point in 2025. Five major thematic areas were identified: Biomechanics and tooth movement, bonding and debonding, attachment materials, patient-reported outcomes and adverse effects, and aligner retention. Evidence was concentrated in biomechanics and bonding/material studies, whereas patient-reported outcomes (comfort/acceptability) and safety-related aspects (e.g., material elution/exposure) were relatively underexplored. Current evidence on clear aligner attachments is mostly in vitro-based, leaving its actual clinical effectiveness unclear. More clinical, multicentre and standardised studies are needed to strengthen and unify our understanding of clear aligner attachments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148218838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indiacran: An Intercentre Assessment of Craniofacial Form for Patients With Repaired Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.","authors":"Puneet Batra, Garima Arora, Abhinav Raj Gupta, Abhishek Bhamre, Amit Agarwal, Asif Masood, Hemwati Nandan, Himanshu Trivedi, Isha Jain, Jaideep Singh Chauhan, Kamlesh Singh, Krishnamurthy Bonanthaya, Nitin Bhola, Pallavi Daigwane, Pritham N Shetty, Ravi Kumar Mahajan, Samiksha Chopra, Shibani Das, Shruti Bijapur, Srinivas Gosla Reddy, Subodh Kumar Singh, Sukhdeep Singh Kahlon, S C Sood, Suryakant Das, Tarun Chaudhary, Virag Bhatia","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyse and compare the craniofacial characteristics of patients with nonsyndromic, surgically repaired, complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, aged 8-14 years, treated at 10 cleft care centres.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Lateral cephalograms of 396 patients (mean age 11.2 ± 1.6 years; male: female ratio 1:0.64) with unilateral cleft lip and palate from 10 comprehensive cleft care centres across India were evaluated using NemoStudio cephalometric software. Cephalograms were anonymised, coded and digitised for unbiased assessment. Two orthodontists independently traced all radiographs at different time intervals. Eleven hard-tissue and seven soft-tissue cephalometric variables were measured on each radiograph. Inter-rater reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cephalometric analysis demonstrated statistically significant intercentre differences for sagittal skeletal and soft-tissue parameters, including SNA, SNB, ANB, ANS-Me/N-Me, NAPog, nasolabial angle, N'A'Pog' and A'N'B'. In contrast, other parameters did not differ significantly among centres. Dental inclination variables Ui-PP and Li-MP also showed no significant differences. Inter-rater reliability was moderate to good, with ICC values of 0.51-0.85.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Considerable intercentre variation was observed in sagittal hard- and soft-tissue craniofacial parameters among children with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate. However, these variations cannot be attributed to any single component of the treatment protocol. Instead, it reflects the multifactorial nature of cleft care, including variations in surgical timing, technique, presurgical orthopaedics and patient-related factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Bite Turbos on the Pulpal Blood Flow in the Upper Central Incisors: A Prospective Clinical Study.","authors":"Mais Al-Tamimi, Kazem Al-Nimri, Samer Al-Qaqaa","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70097","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the influence of anterior bite turbos (ABT) on pulpal blood flow (PBF) changes in maxillary central incisors using Laser-Doppler Flowmetry (LDF).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty-one patients with deep overbite were divided into two groups. Group I received 0.014 nickel titanium (NiTi) arch wire and composite ABT on the upper central incisors to correct the deep overbite; the second group (control group) received 0.014 NiTi arch wire only. LDF was used to measure the PBF at different time points (at baseline, 20 min, 48 h, 1 week, and 1 month after activation). The baseline PBF (without orthodontic force) was compared to the corresponding PBF measurements at the designated time intervals within each group. Changes in PBF between the two groups were compared to assess the impact of ABT on pulpal circulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete data were obtained for 55 patients. PBF decreased significantly after force application in both groups and reached its maximum drop after 48 h. After 30 days, the average PBF values returned to baseline values in Group II but remained slightly less than basal values in Group I (0.4 mm/s). No statistically significant difference in PBF changes between the two groups at any time point. The overall change from 20 min to 48 h was greater in the bite turbo group than in the control group; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.078).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using ABT does not cause irreversible changes to pulpal vasculature.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":"562-568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postsurgical Rotational Flare Between the Proximal and Distal Segments of the Mandible Following Mandibular Setback Surgery.","authors":"Gyeong-Eun Mun, Sung-Hoon Lim, Jae Hyun Park","doi":"10.1111/ocr.70101","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ocr.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate postsurgical rotational flare between the proximal and distal segments of the mandible following mandibular setback surgery using three-dimensional analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cone-beam computed tomography scans from 30 patients who underwent bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy were analysed. To minimise the influence of bone remodelling, the proximal segment (PS) at T1 (post-surgery) was superimposed onto the T2 (post-treatment) PS using stable reference areas, excluding the osteotomy sites, condyle, and gonial angle, to generate a modified T2 model. The T1 and modified T2 were then superimposed on the distal segment (DS), which served as the reference. Displacements of the medial and lateral condylar poles, coronion, and gonion were measured with respect to the DS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When assessed using the DS as reference, the medial pole, lateral pole, and coronion showed significant posterior displacements (1.21, 1.57, and 1.24 mm; p < 0.001). Coronion also moved superiorly (0.74 mm, p < 0.001) and laterally (0.43 mm, p = 0.004), while gonion moved medially (0.65 mm, p < 0.001) without significant anteroposterior change (p = 0.468). No significant correlation was found with setback amount, vertical bony step, or its resolution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PS exhibited counterclockwise rotational flare and anterior-outward/posterior-inward yawing in relation to the DS. Incorporating surgical compensation for anticipated rotational flare-related relapse may enhance the predictability of mandibular setback outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19652,"journal":{"name":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research","volume":" ","pages":"586-592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145990252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}