Different Effects of Fixed Appliances and Clear Aligners on the Microbiome and Metabolome of Dental Plaque

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI:10.1111/ocr.12883

Wuyi Gong, Kaiyong Zhou, Sijin Li, Zhihang Yue, Qiongyu Zhang, Yongming Li, Xiaohui Mi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to uncover the microbial and metabolic changes in dental plaque during orthodontic treatments with fixed appliances (FAs) and clear aligners (CAs).

Materials and Methods

Twenty participants were grouped by the treatment modality they received, with 10 participants each in the FA and CA groups. Supragingival plaques were collected before orthodontic treatment (T0), after 1–3 months (T1) and more than 6 months (T2) of orthodontic treatment. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry were employed to analyse the plaque samples.

Results

No significant change was observed in the alpha and beta diversity at different time points and between the two treatment modalities. The relative abundance of genera Veillonella, Mogibacterium and unclassified_c__Actinobacteria, and species Actinomyces massiliensis , Prevotella pallens and Prevotella jejuni experienced the most significant changes. The most differential metabolites were amino acids, nucleosides and organoheterocyclic compounds. Compared to T0, downregulation of nucleotide metabolism at T1 and upregulation of amino acid metabolism at T2 were found in the FA group. Compared with the FA group, the CA group experienced metabolite enrichment in several immune pathways at T1, while linoleic acid metabolism, riboflavin metabolism and nucleotide metabolism were downregulated at T2 in the CA group. Significant correlations were identified between most differential plaque microorganisms and metabolites.

Conclusion

This study implied that exposure to FAs for more than 6 months resulted in the accumulation of oral disease-related bacteria in dental plaque and a metabolic shift towards a cariogenic state, whereas CAs could lead to a transient proinflammatory state.

查看原文本刊更多论文

固定矫治器和清洁矫正器对牙菌斑微生物组和代谢组的不同影响。

目的：研究固定矫治器（FAs）和透明矫正器（CAs）在正畸治疗过程中牙菌斑的微生物和代谢变化。材料和方法：20例受试者按治疗方式分组，FA组和CA组各10例。正畸治疗前（T0）、治疗1-3个月（T1）和治疗6个月以上（T2）分别收集龈上斑块。采用16S rRNA基因测序和液相色谱-串联质谱法对斑块样品进行分析。结果：α和β多样性在不同时间点和两种治疗方式之间无明显变化。微孔菌属、Mogibacterium属和未分类放线菌属以及马氏放线菌属、淡色普雷沃菌属和空肠普雷沃菌属的相对丰度变化最为显著。差异最大的代谢物是氨基酸、核苷和有机杂环化合物。与T0相比，FA组T1时核苷酸代谢下调，T2时氨基酸代谢上调。与FA组相比，CA组在T1时多个免疫通路代谢物富集，而CA组在T2时亚油酸代谢、核黄素代谢和核苷酸代谢下调。在大多数不同的斑块微生物和代谢物之间发现了显著的相关性。结论：本研究表明，暴露于FAs超过6个月导致牙菌斑中口腔疾病相关细菌的积累，并导致代谢向致龋状态转变，而CAs可能导致短暂的促炎状态。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

3.20%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research - Genes, Growth and Development is published to serve its readers as an international forum for the presentation and critical discussion of issues pertinent to the advancement of the specialty of orthodontics and the evidence-based knowledge of craniofacial growth and development. This forum is based on scientifically supported information, but also includes minority and conflicting opinions. The objective of the journal is to facilitate effective communication between the research community and practicing clinicians. Original papers of high scientific quality that report the findings of clinical trials, clinical epidemiology, and novel therapeutic or diagnostic approaches are appropriate submissions. Similarly, we welcome papers in genetics, developmental biology, syndromology, surgery, speech and hearing, and other biomedical disciplines related to clinical orthodontics and normal and abnormal craniofacial growth and development. In addition to original and basic research, the journal publishes concise reviews, case reports of substantial value, invited essays, letters, and announcements. The journal is published quarterly. The review of submitted papers will be coordinated by the editor and members of the editorial board. It is policy to review manuscripts within 3 to 4 weeks of receipt and to publish within 3 to 6 months of acceptance.