Oral diseases最新文献

{"title":"Attitude of Undergraduate Dental Students to Oral Mucosal Biopsies From Six European Countries.","authors":"Vlaho Brailo, Božana Lončar Brzak, Barbara Carey, Ana Andabak Rogulj, Danica Vidović Juras, Ivana Škrinjar, Marcio Diniz Freitas, Jacobo Limeres Posse, Luis Monteiro, Luis M Silva, Jean-Cristophe Fricain, Sylvain Catros, Giovanni Lodi, Niccolò Lombardi, Elena Varoni, Richard Cook, Michael Escudier, Raj Ariyaratnam, Rui Albuquerque","doi":"10.1111/odi.15274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.15274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple studies have been undertaken to assess level of knowledge on the topic of oral mucosal biopsies from a general dental practitioner perspective, but only limited data is available on undergraduate dental students' perspective. The aim of this study was to assess clinical experience and attitudes towards oral mucosal biopsies in final-year undergraduate dental students.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Online questionnaire was sent to dental students in six European countries (Croatia, France, Italy, Portugal, Spain and United Kingdom). The questionnaire assessed clinical experience, attitudes to oral biopsy, self-perceived competence, and obstacles for performing a biopsy. Multiple choice questions and 5-point Likert scale were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred and ninety-three students (response rate 24% to 88%) participated in the survey. A small proportion of students (54; 21.7%) performed a biopsy during their undergraduate education, mainly in an oral medicine setting. The majority of students did not consider themselves competent in performing a biopsy. The most common listed obstacle for performing a biopsy was lack of clinical experience with oral mucosal lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest there is a need for more practical training in oral biopsy techniques, as well as a need for increased clinical exposure to different oral mucosal pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitophagy and Its Significance in Periodontal Disease.","authors":"Guliqihere Abulaiti, Xu Qin, Lili Chen, Guangxun Zhu","doi":"10.1111/odi.15279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.15279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Periodontal disease is a common chronic inflammatory condition affecting the tissues that support teeth, leading to their destruction. Mitophagy, a specialized form of autophagy responsible for degrading damaged mitochondria, plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, its role in periodontal disease progression remains poorly understood. This review aims to summarize recent research on mitophagy's role in periodontal disease pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature review on mitophagy was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, employing keywords related to periodontal disease such as \"periodontal,\" \"periodontitis,\" \"gingiva,\" and \"gingivitis.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A review of 18 original studies revealed that mitophagy plays a crucial role in periodontal disease by regulating key pathophysiological mechanisms. Specifically, mitophagy modulates periodontal inflammation by influencing pro-inflammatory cytokines and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Additionally, it is essential for alveolar bone remodeling, impacting both bone resorption and regeneration. Mitophagy also regulates cell apoptosis within periodontal tissues, helping to preserve cellular function and tissue integrity during periodontal disease progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mitophagy regulates periodontal disease pathogenesis by modulating inflammation, bone remodeling, and cell death in periodontal tissues. Further research is needed to explore its therapeutic potential in periodontal disease treatment and improve targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family Medicine Residents' Competency to Manage Oral Lesions: An Educational Intervention.","authors":"Çetin Batuhan Öçbe, Melisa Öçbe, Mehmet Akman","doi":"10.1111/odi.15277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.15277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in OSCC and OPMDs: Microenvironment Insights. Scoping Review.","authors":"Samuele Sutera, Olga Anna Furchì, Monica Pentenero","doi":"10.1111/odi.15275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.15275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Despite progress, the mechanisms behind the TME-epithelial cell interaction remain unclear. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the most abundant cells in the TME, require further study.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We conducted a scoping review, searching for clinical and vivo studies that discuss the role of CAFs in OSCC and OPMDs progression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1152 PubMed results, 29 studies met the inclusion criteria. CAFs, identified as αSMA+ cells, interact with the TME and epithelial cells by secreting various molecules. In OSCC, CAF signals contribute to a pro-tumorigenic environment, and CAF numbers positively correlate with tumor grade, size, stage, aggressiveness, and mortality. While limited data exist on CAFs in OPMDs, they seem linked to malignant transformation risk.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>CAFs are critical in OSCC pathophysiology, but the complex intercellular mechanisms are not fully understood. Currently, CAFs are not part of clinical decision-making, but emerging evidence suggests they could represent a promising new approach in managing OSCC and OPMDs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Future research should aim to gain a deeper understanding of how CAFs contribute to OSCC progression and their role in OPMDs pathophysiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smokeless Tobacco Is a Major Risk Factor for Oral Cancer in South and Southeast Asia.","authors":"Ravi Mehrotra, Beatrice Lauby-Secretan","doi":"10.1111/odi.15241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.15241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review presents an overview of the current knowledge on smokeless tobacco and oral cancer, with a specific focus on South and Southeast Asia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The recent literature on the association of smokeless tobacco and oral cancer, its biological mechanisms, and policies for prevention and control, was reviewed. In addition, its role in the causation of oral cancer and allied diseases was assessed its biological mechanisms resulting in deleterious health outcomes and steps to control its use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the more than 360 million people who consume smokeless tobacco globally, nearly 80% reside in the region. The evidence of an association between the numerous SLT products consumed in the region and oral cancer is well established, with oral snuff and gutkha showing the strongest association. More than 4000 chemical ingredients are present in these products, many of which are involved in the intricate biological pathways leading to carcinogenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the deep cultural integration of SLT products, effective control measures require multifaceted approaches that combine education, regulation, and community engagement. Collaborative efforts among governments, healthcare professionals, and communities are essential to address this urgent issue and mitigate the substantial human and economic costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of COVID-19-Associated Ageusia and Xerostomia.","authors":"Hironori Tsuchiya","doi":"10.1111/odi.15282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.15282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143382959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Similarities and Differences in Resting-State Brain Activity Changes of Distinct Chronic Pain Types.","authors":"Xiaofei Chen, Ruoyu Tang, Yihan Jin, Liqiang Wu, Yidan Liang, Kuanghui Xu, Ping He, Yun Guo, Jie Li","doi":"10.1111/odi.15271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.15271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore neural similarities and differences between visceral and somatic pain by comparing spontaneous brain activity in patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty eight IBS patients, 21 TMD patients, and 28 healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state fMRI and behavioral assessments. The correlations between fMRI metrics such as the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), functional connectivity (FC), and clinical manifestations were further analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with HC, both patient groups demonstrated increased ALFF in right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG), insula, medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed), precentral gyrus (PreCG), and increased ReHo in right SFGmed and left supplementary motor area (SMA). Compared with IBS patients, TMD patients exhibited reduced ALFF in right SFGmed and insula, increased ALFF in right PHG and PreCG, decreased ReHo in right SFGmed and left lingual gyrus, and increased ReHo in left SMA. Both patient groups exhibited enhanced right PHG-related FC in left precuneus and right cingulate gyrus, and right insula-related FC in left superior temporal gyrus and right paracentral lobule. Specifically, IBS patients showed higher FC between right PHG and orbitofrontal cortex than TMD patients, which was negatively correlated with mood and gastrointestinal symptoms. Mediation analysis revealed that pain in TMD and gastrointestinal symptoms in IBS mediated these relationships.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Visceral and somatic pain share abnormal activity in multiple brain networks. Abnormalities in affective region present potential neuroimaging markers for pain disorders, with depression in somatic pain linked to pain intensity and in visceral pain to gastrointestinal symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Leukoplakia Microbiome Predicts the Degree of Dysplasia and is Shaped by Smoking and Tooth Loss.","authors":"Sheila Galvin, Bahman Honari, Sviatlana Anishchuk, Claire M Healy, Gary P Moran","doi":"10.1111/odi.15272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.15272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine if the oral potentially malignant disorder, oral leukoplakia (OLK), exhibited microbiome changes that predict the degree of dysplasia and the risk of malignant progression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We examined the microbiome in 216 swabs of OLK from 177 patients. Compared to healthy controls (n = 120 swabs from 61 patients), who were less likely to smoke and had better oral health, OLK patients exhibited an increased abundance of Rothia mucilaginosa, Streptococcus parasanguinis and S. salivarius, resembling acetaldehyde generating communities described previously. Compared to the patients' healthy contralateral normal (CLN) mucosa (n = 202), which acts as a matched control for oral health parameters, OLK exhibited increased S. infantis, Leptotrichia spp., Bergeyella spp., Porphyromonas spp. and F. nucleatum. Machine learning with clinical and microbiome data could discriminate high-risk dysplasia (moderate to severe) from low-risk dysplasia (none or mild) (sensitivity 87.4%; specificity 76.5%). Follow-up swabs were recovered from 58 patients, eight of whom progressed to a higher grade of dysplasia or OSCC and these eight patients exhibited a higher abundance of Fusobacterium species at their initial presentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study suggests that the OLK microbiome has potential to be an aid to the prediction of dysplasia grade and the risk of malignant transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The risks of artificial intelligence: A narrative review and ethical reflection from an Oral Medicine group.","authors":"Qingmei Joy Feng, Molly Harte, Barbara Carey, Ali Alqarni, Luis Monteiro, Márcio Diniz-Freitas, Jean-Cristophe Fricain, Giovanni Lodi, Vlaho Brailo, Mattia Andreoletti, Rui Albuquerque","doi":"10.1111/odi.15100","DOIUrl":"10.1111/odi.15100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a relatively new tool, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine and dentistry has the potential to significantly transform the healthcare sector. AI has already demonstrated efficacy in medical diagnosis across several specialties, used successfully to detect breast, lung and skin cancer. In Oral Medicine, AI may be applied in a similar fashion, used in the detection and diagnosis of oral cancers and oral potentially malignant diseases. Despite its promise as a transformative diagnostic aid, the use of AI in healthcare presents significant safety, reliability and ethical concerns. There is no formal consensus on the safe and ethical implementation of AI systems in healthcare settings, but the literature converges on several key principles of ethical AI use including transparency, justice and fairness, non-maleficence, responsibility and privacy. This article provides a narrative review of the key ethical issues surrounding AI use in medicine, and reflects on these, providing view-points of a bioethicist and Oral Medicine clinicians from several units.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":" ","pages":"348-353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BCAT1 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Zhenying Yuan, Ming Li, Zhangui Tang","doi":"10.1111/odi.15084","DOIUrl":"10.1111/odi.15084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze the expression, biological function of branched chain amino-acid transaminase 1 (BCAT1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of BCAT1 protein in OSCC and normal oral tissues. Based on the clinicopathological information of patients, the relationship between the expression of BCAT1 protein and other clinicopathological factors was analyzed. Real-time PCR and western blot assays were used to analyze the expression of BCAT1 gene and protein in normal human oral keratinocytes (HOK) and human OSCC cells, respectively. After BCAT1 overexpression or knockdown, the proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion of human OSCC cells were analyzed by CCK8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell invasion assays, respectively. After adding the BCAT1 inhibitor EGR240 to OSCC cells, the changes in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability in OSCC cells were analyzed. Based on the TCGA database, the involved signal pathway in BCAT1-related and BCAT1-binding genes was obtained for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, verified by western blot assays. After inhibiting PI3K, the effect of BCAT1 on the expression of the downstream phosphorylated protein of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was analyzed by western blot assays. The relationship between the expression of BCAT1 and EMT-related protein of OSCC cells was also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of BCAT1 gene and protein were upregulated in OSCC tissue, which positively correlated with the pathological grade of patients with OSCC. Compared with normal oral keratinocytes, BCAT1 gene and protein were upregulated in OSCC cells. BCAT1 overexpression promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells. BCAT1 knockdown or inhibition could reduce the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of OSCC cells. The results of bioinformatics analysis and Western bolt showed that BCAT1 could regulate the activation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of OSCC cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BCAT1 could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells via PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, which is a potential therapeutic target for OSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19615,"journal":{"name":"Oral diseases","volume":" ","pages":"364-375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}