Ophthalmic epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiology of Motor Vehicle Accident-Associated Eye Injuries Presenting to United States Emergency Departments, 2000-2020.","authors":"Julia S Gillette, Kenan Zaidat, Olivia V Waldman, Paul B Greenberg","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2473719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2473719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the epidemiology of motor vehicle accident (MVA) related eye injuries presenting to the United States (US) emergency departments (EDs) from 2000 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System - All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP) gathers information from 66 participating US EDs for nonfatal injuries. We queried NEISS-AIP for MVA-related eye injuries from 2000 to 2020, and collected data on diagnosis, mechanism of injury, and patient demographics. Non-ocular injuries were collected from 2018 to 2020. We extrapolated national estimates using the NEISS-AIP weighting system. Rates/10,000 people and 10,000 licensed drivers were calculated using annual US Census and US Department of Transportation data. Case review and analysis was conducted in January 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2000 to 2020, an estimated 224,231 (95% confidence interval [CI] 215,247-233,217) MVA-associated eye injuries presented to US EDs. The rate of injuries declined during this period (0.34/10,000 people - 0.27/10,000 people). Males accounted for 62.8% of injuries; most patients were White (47.7%, rate of 5.6/10,000 people), or Black/African American (17.8%, rate of 10/10,000 people). The highest rate of injury per population occurred in American Indian/Alaska Natives (11.3/10,000 people). The highest rates of ED visits were for ages 20-24 years (30,030 cases, CI: [26,791-33,269], rate of 13.5/10,000 people). The leading ocular diagnoses were contusions/abrasions (59.3%). Most patients were treated and discharged (93.9%). Between 2018 and 2020, the leading systemic injury was contusions/abrasions (26%) to the face (estimated 4026, CI: [2942-5110]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rates for MVA-related eye injuries decreased from 2000 to 2020. Vulnerable populations including adolescents and American Indian/Alaska Natives remain at increased risk for MVA-related eye injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of Peripheral Refraction and Relative Peripheral Refraction with Astigmatism in Shanghai Schoolchildren's Myopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Huiyu Chen, Meng Chen, Junjie Zhang, Jun Chen, Yan Xu","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2459755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2459755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Currently, no relevant studies have reported a relationship between astigmatism and peripheral refraction (PR). We aimed to describe the association between PR and relative peripheral refraction (RPR) with astigmatism in Chinese children with mild to moderate myopia, and to provide new insights into the influence of astigmatism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three-hundred-and-seven children (6-14 years old) from Shanghai were included in this study. The PR and RPR were measured using multispectral refraction topography (MRT). Cycloplegic refraction was measured using an autorefractor (KR-8900, Topcon), whereas axial length and ocular biological parameters were measured using Zeiss IOLMaster 700. Only data from the right eye were analyzed. Multivariate linear regression was used to explore the relationship between cylinder power and MRT parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the median spherical equivalent was -1.50 D (interquartile range, IQR: -2.25, -0.88), showing an apparent trend of hyperopic defocus from the macula to the peripheral retina. Astigmatism was correlated with PR rather than RPR especially at eccentrically inferior and within a 45° radius of the retina (coefficients 0.12-0.18, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that the effect of astigmatism on PR tended to increase with greater lens thickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Astigmatism may be a risk factor for myopia due to its impact on peripheral refraction as opposed to relative peripheral refraction. In this cross-sectional study, we also found evidence supporting the association between peripheral hyperopia and myopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Retinal Vascular Anomalies in the German Population: Results from the Gutenberg Health Study.","authors":"Anna M Voigt, Karl Neubert, Stella Hoh, Ahmad Haj Ibrahim, Philipp S Wild, Karl J Lackner, Felix S Wicke, Irene Schmidtmann, Thomas Münzel, Oliver Tüscher, Jörn M Schattenberg, Stavros V Konstantinides, Norbert Pfeiffer, Alexander K Schuster","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2442365","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2442365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the prevalence of retinal vascular anomalies in the general population in Germany and to analyse potential associations with ocular and systemic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Gutenberg Health Study is a population-based cohort study, including 15,010 participants aged 35-74 years. We performed fundus photographs of the macula and the optic disc. Vascular anomalies of the retina were graded. The prevalence was computed. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis including generalized estimating equations to assess associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 12,956 participants (mean age 55.0 ± 11.1 years; 49.8% female). Retinal arterial tortuosity (RAT) was present in 5.9% in at least one eye and in 3.7% in both eyes. Systolic (OR = 1.01, <i>p</i> = 0.0039) and diastolic (OR = 0.98, <i>p</i> = 0.0039) arterial blood pressure, low-density lipoproteins (LDL) levels (OR = 1.0, <i>p</i> = 0.036), and spherical equivalent (OR = 1.06, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) were associated with RAT. Birth weight (OR = 0.97, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and age (OR = 0.85, <i>p</i> = 0.0004) were inversely associated, while high-density lipoproteins (HDL), body mass index, and smoking were not associated with RAT. Temporal cilioretinal arteries (CRA) were prevalent in at least one eye in 40.2% and in 9.2% in both eyes. Spherical equivalent was associated with the prevalence of CRA (OR = 1.03 per dpt, p = 0.0006). Branch-building CRA had a prevalence of 0.5% in at least one eye.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study describes prevalence of retinal vascular anomalies for the first time in a German population. CRA were positively associated with spherical equivalent and thus might be protective for myopia. RAT was associated with cardiovascular risk factors and with lower birth weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of Care and Stakeholders' Perceptions of PEC Implementation in Singapore: A Mixed-Methods Study Protocol.","authors":"Wanfen Yip, Michelle Jessica Pereira, Joseph Antonio De Castro Molina, Woan Shin Tan, Kiok Liang Teow, Vivien Yip Cherng Hui, Vernon Yong Khet Yau, Hon Tym Wong, Tock Han Lim, Bee Hoon Heng","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2473714","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2473714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Primary eye care (PEC) model aims to facilitate right-siting of care for patients with stable and non-complex conditions by upskilling optometrists. However, there is 1) a lack of examination on PEC's quality of care (measured as degree of agreement in plan of care between upskilled optometrists and ophthalmologists) and 2) no comprehensive real-world evaluation on operational viability and stakeholders' perception of the community-based PEC model. Holistic evaluation is important as in-depth understanding of stakeholders' experience in implementation will be key to ensure the long-term sustainability and scalability of this PEC model. This study aims to examine the quality of care provided at PEC as well as the contextual factors, strategies, and processes that influence implementation, sustainability, and scalability of PEC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study will adopt a mixed-method sequential explanatory design, guided by the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model framework. First, the quality of care will be assessed by examining the degree of agreement between PEC optometrists and ophthalmologists on patients' plan of care. Second, qualitative research design will be employed to understand the experiences of patients and healthcare professionals. In-depth interviews will be conducted with patients and focused group discussions will be conducted with healthcare professionals. Integration of quantitative and qualitative data will be achieved by employing the building and merging approach.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study will identify areas that could be improved to increase PEC's operational efficiency and enhance its service utilisation. Importantly, key lessons and strategies derived from these evaluations will help to facilitate future nationwide implementation of PEC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey on the Off-Label Use of Atropine in the Treatment of Myopia in Italy.","authors":"Luca Buzzonetti, Pierluigi Navarra","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2457615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2457615","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open Globe Injuries in the United States: Analysis of National Trauma Data.","authors":"Joseph Nygaard, Collin Hoggard, Aliya Centner, Sarina Amin, Kyle Den Beste","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2473721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2473721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Open Globe Injuries are one of the leading causes of preventable, trauma-related blindness. There is some literature studying the effects of demographic factors as they relate to hospital outcomes. This study characterises trends of Open Globe Injury (OGI) and hospital outcomes based on demographic information utilising the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Python programming software, the NTDB was queried for International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision diagnosis codes related to OGI based on the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology system. Descriptive statistics were calculated utilising chi-square tests, multivariable adjusted logistic regressions, and ANOVA to process adjusted odds ratio (OR) and means of comparison groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analysis included 21,481 patients. Mean age of OGI was lower for Black (40.01 [40.53-41.49]), American Indian (39.08 [37.15-41.00]), and Hispanic (38.24 [37.70-38.77]) populations. OR for Black patients was lower for work-related OGI (0.36 [0.30-0.44]), but higher for drug-positive OGI (1.51 [1.35-1.69]). Black and American Indian patients had increased odds for assault-related injuries and decreased odds for accident-related injuries. Race and ethnicity had little to no effect on mortality, or discharge to home with service, ICU, or step-down unit. Mean age of fall on the same level injuries was (71.28 [70.49-72.07]); all other mechanisms of injury had a mean age < 42.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our research offers a unique perspective on OGI utilising the NTDB. The trends identify at-risk populations not previously reported and suggests potential racial effects of public safety, work safety and precautions for open globe injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prevalence of Refractive Errors in Indian School Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Vijay Kumar, Manya Soni, Vineeth Rajagopal, Ashish Behera, Aravind Gandhi, Muhammad Aaqib Shamim, Shilpa Gaidhane, Sarvesh Rustagi, Nishant Rai, Sanjit Sah, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Sonam Puri, Vaibhav Jaiswal, Mahendra Singh, Ganesh Bushi, Prakasini Satapathy","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2450346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2450346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Refractive errors (REs) are a significant cause of vision impairment and the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. Myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism are the most prevalent forms. In developing regions, including India, the prevalence and impact of REs, particularly among school-aged children, is profound, affecting their academic performance and overall quality of life.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review aimed to consolidate data from studies published post-2018 to provide updated prevalence estimates of REs among Indian school children. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in May 2024 across four databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Inclusion criteria focused on cross-sectional studies from India, reporting the prevalence of REs among school-aged children.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1434 studies, 43 met the inclusion criteria. The overall pooled prevalence of REs was 11% (95% CI: 0.08-0.15). The subgroup analysis showed a slight decline in prevalence post-COVID-19, from 12% to 11%. Prevalence was higher in cycloplegic studies at 12%, compared to 10% in non-cycloplegic. Myopia was the most prevalent RE at 8%, with astigmatism at 3% and hyperopia at 1%. No significant gender differences were found. The meta-regression does not indicate a statistically significant relation between the year of publication and the prevalence of RE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>REs, particularly myopia, pose a significant burden among Indian schoolchildren. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, the overall prevalence of REs has remained stable. These findings emphasize the need for continued vision screening programs and targeted interventions to reduce the prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143493160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Burden of Blindness and Vision Impairment in the Middle East and North Africa: A Global Burden of Disease 2019 Perspective.","authors":"Ansam Qaddoumi, Yaseen Sultan, Ahmad Wahbe, Nowar Zayed, Mohammad Zaatreh, Ruba Alani, Adib Edilbi, Iyad Sultan","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2024.2443514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2024.2443514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study analyzes the prevalence, causes, and distribution of blindness and moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 dataset.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The GBD 2019 dataset was used to analyze vision impairment across 21 countries in MENA according to the Snellen chart classification (moderate vision impairment with presenting visual acuity worse than 6/18, severe impairment worse than 6/60, blindness worse than 3/60). Age-standardized prevalence and regional variations were compared to global averages. An exponential linear regression model was used to forecast MSVI and blindness in the year 2050.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As of 2019, approximately 37.2 million people in MENA experienced blindness or vision loss. Although the age-standardized prevalence of vision impairment and blindness in MENA decreased from 1990 to 2019 due to improvements in healthcare, the absolute number has almost doubled (18.58 million in 1990 to 37.19 million in 2019) due to population growth and aging. Between 1990 to 2019, the population aged 70 and older in MENA grew from 7.2 million to over 19.2 million. Lastly, our predictions indicate an 86% increase in the number of individuals with vision loss by 2050.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The largest causes of moderate vision loss were refractive errors and cataracts, respectively, while the major causes of blindness were cataracts and glaucoma, respectively. The projection of increased vision impairment by 2050 underscores the urgent need for policy changes and efficient resource distribution to improve healthcare access and interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143449616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Study of Demographic Representativeness of Glaucoma Patient Populations in Clinical Trials from 2006 to 2022.","authors":"Justine Tin Nok Chan","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2463063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2463063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Associations of Obesity and Glycemic Traits with Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Univariate and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Weichen Yuan, Xin Xu, Xiran Zhang, Wenqi Fan, Wenkai Zhou, Fangkun Zhao","doi":"10.1080/09286586.2025.2458245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09286586.2025.2458245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the genetic links between obesity, glycemic traits and retinal vein occlusion (RVO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Summary-level statistics for obesity and glycemic traits were extracted from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of European participants in the IEU Open GWAS database. Genetic associations with clinically diagnosed RVO were obtained from the FinnGenresearch project (372 cases and 182,573 controls). Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariate MR (MVMR) analysis were performed to determine the total effect and direct effect, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjustment for the false discovery rate (FDR), the primary inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) methods indicated that the odds ratios of RVO increased with per 1-standard deviation increased in body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.23-3.08,<i>p</i>-FDR = 0.025), waist circumference (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.36-4.24, <i>p</i>-FDR = 0.019), fasting glucose (OR = 5.01, 95% CI: 2-12.55, <i>p</i>-FDR = 0.0067) and two-hour glucose (OR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.63-6.18,<i>p</i>-FDR = 0.0067). Higher whole-body fat-free mass (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.26-0.8,<i>p</i>-FDR = 0.025) is a potential protective factor for RVO. In addition, the results of MVMR showed that BMI, whole-body fat-free mass, fasting glucose and two-hour glucose were independent factors that had a direct impact on the onset of RVO.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our comprehensive MR analysis suggested significant genetic associations between BMI, whole-body fat-free mass, fasting glucose, two-hour glucose and RVO. This study highlighted the importance of weight, blood glucose management and physical activity for primary prevention and control of RVO.</p>","PeriodicalId":19607,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic epidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}