{"title":"Enhanced performance of Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-based MSM-PD by Fabry-Pérot microcavity.","authors":"Taoan Wang, Xiyao He, Hao Xu, Ruoting Sun, Xiangyu Xu, Kelvin Hongliang Zhang, Hao Long","doi":"10.1364/OL.573765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.573765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-based metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) solar-blind photodetectors, valued for their wide bandgap and stability, are among the most promising options. However, key metrics such as detectivity, wavelength selectivity, and response time were largely constrained by the intrinsic properties of Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and were difficult to enhance through optical design due to the fixed device structure. To address this, this study introduced a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) structure in the UVC band between the sapphire substrate and Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> epilayer, forming a Fabry-Pérot (FP) resonant cavity with the Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/air interface. The incorporation of the FP microcavity significantly enhanced the UVC photon density of states (<i>DOS</i>) within the Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> thin film while suppressing that of other wavelength bands. As a result, the selectivity ratio was improved by 29.4 times (<i>R</i><sub>251<i>nm</i></sub>/<i>R</i><sub>360<i>nm</i></sub>=1.6×10<sup>4</sup>), and the device's detectivity as well as rise/fall times were also optimized. This work provided a novel, to the best of our knowledge, design strategy for high-performing solar-blind PDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 19","pages":"6097-6100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple toroidal dipoles governed by mirror-coupled bound states in the continuum in a nanopillar array for a low-threshold nanolaser.","authors":"YanYan Huo, Yuqian Zhang, Qi Tang, Xinyu Liu, Tiantian Sun, Tingyin Ning, Lina Zhao, Yingying Ren, Xianfeng Chen","doi":"10.1364/OL.568444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.568444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toroidal dipoles (TDs) exhibit strong field confinement and high-quality factor resonances, making them promising for light-matter interactions, though their weak strength limits applications. However, complex metasurface designs hinder their practical use. Here, we show that a simple nanopillar array supports both electric (ETD) and magnetic (MTD) TD modes governed by a mirror-coupled quasi-bound state in the continuum (BIC) without requiring symmetry breaking, which significantly enhances their quality factors. To further elucidate the characteristics of the ETD and MTD modes, their lasing behaviors are analyzed using a four-level two-electron energy diagram. The results reveal that nanolasers based on these modes exhibit lower thresholds, with calculated values of about ~0.5503 µJ/cm<sup>2</sup> for the ETD mode and ~0.87 µJ/cm<sup>2</sup> for the MTD mode. These findings underscore the potential of ETD and MTD modes for efficient nanophotonic applications, offering a promising pathway for the development of low-threshold nanolasers and other advanced photonic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 19","pages":"6109-6112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.572092
Victor N Mitryakhin, Pavel Yu Shapochkin, Roman S Nazarov, Yury P Efimov, Sergey A Eliseev, Vyacheslav A Lovcjus, Yury V Kapitonov
{"title":"Fabry-Perot interferometer with a quantum well mirror for controllable dispersion compensation.","authors":"Victor N Mitryakhin, Pavel Yu Shapochkin, Roman S Nazarov, Yury P Efimov, Sergey A Eliseev, Vyacheslav A Lovcjus, Yury V Kapitonov","doi":"10.1364/OL.572092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.572092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work, we investigate the possibility of controlling second-order dispersion in a monolithic Fabry-Perot interferometer based on epitaxial heterostructure with a quantum well (QW) serving as a bottom mirror. Careful choice of heterostructure parameters and experimental conditions makes it possible to introduce negative dispersion in a very narrow spectral region of QW excitonic resonance while maintaining a constant reflection coefficient across this region. The feasibility of the concept is demonstrated for heterostructures with InGaAs/GaAs QWs at cryogenic temperatures. We also propose an active device design that can switch the dispersion compensation on and off by controlling the exciton ensemble's environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 19","pages":"6036-6039"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.573400
Olivier Jacquin, Olivier Hugon, Eric Lacot, Emmanuel Bossy
{"title":"Photoacoustic imaging with constant light intensity and time-modulated absorption.","authors":"Olivier Jacquin, Olivier Hugon, Eric Lacot, Emmanuel Bossy","doi":"10.1364/OL.573400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.573400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photoacoustic imaging is generally based on photoacoustic generation induced by the absorption of a light beam with a time-modulated light intensity, whether in the time domain with nanosecond pulses or in the frequency domain with a modulation frequency in the MHz range. In this Letter, we introduce an optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy technique based on time-modulated absorption, with a beam of constant geometry and constant intensity. More specifically, we consider the case of linear dichroic absorbing samples, which are shown theoretically and experimentally to generate a harmonic photoacoustic signal at angular frequency 2<i>ω</i><sub><i>rot</i></sub>, when illuminated with linearly polarized light whose polarization direction rotates with angular frequency <i>ω</i><sub><i>rot</i></sub>. The amplitude and phase of the photoacoustic signal are related to the amount of linear dichroism and to its orientation, respectively. As a unique feature of the proposed approach, photoacoustic signals are generated only from linear dichroic absorbers, with no background signals generated from non-dichroic absorbing structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 19","pages":"5998-6001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stochastic collapse and recovery of optical solitons in harmonic mode-locked lasers under pump perturbations.","authors":"Benhai Wang, Xiaocong Wang, Wenbin He, Xintong Zhang, Qi Huang, Jiachen Wu, Haochen Lin, Yu Jiang, Ruchen Lv, Shunxian Luo, Meng Pang","doi":"10.1364/OL.571324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.571324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Harmonically mode-locked soliton fiber laser can host an ensemble of identical solitons in parallel, providing a unique many-body system for exploring the intrinsic stochasticity of soliton dynamics in nonlinear optical systems. We report in this work the experimental observation of parallel soliton dynamics under homogeneous perturbation in a harmonically mode-locked fiber laser. Given an abrupt and transient decrease in the pump power, the parallel solitons exhibit evolution trajectories of probabilistic nature, featuring prominent re-distribution of soliton energies followed by random collapse and recovery after the perturbation. We investigate statistical dependences of the soliton collapse upon the perturbation parameters, while revealing threshold behaviors of the recovery dynamics. This work provides unique insight into the stochasticity of the nonlinear soliton evolution in mode-locked fiber lasers and may help to improve laser stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 19","pages":"6145-6148"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chromatic aberration compensation in multiplex coherent Raman microscopy using a Bessel beam.","authors":"Ryosuke Oketani, Kyosuke Tanaka, Yusuke Murakami, Hideaki Kano","doi":"10.1364/OL.574997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.574997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy enables label-free spectroscopic imaging over an ultra-broadband range using a supercontinuum light source. However, under high numerical aperture conditions, chromatic aberration causes axial splitting of the illumination spot, leading to missing or significantly weakened peaks. Here, we used Bessel beam illumination to compensate for chromatic aberration without modifying objective lenses. Our numerical and experimental results demonstrate that combining the nonlinear nature of the CARS process with the axial elongation of the Bessel beam spot simultaneously achieves broadband spectroscopy and high spatial resolution imaging. This approach is expected to further expand the applicability of vibrational spectroscopic imaging technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 19","pages":"6221-6224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.568469
Manoj Kumar, Osamu Matoba
{"title":"Single-shot double-field-of-view polarization holography.","authors":"Manoj Kumar, Osamu Matoba","doi":"10.1364/OL.568469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.568469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>What we believe to be a novel approach of quantitative polarization digital holography that simultaneously captures polarization-resolved information across a double field of view (FOV) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. By integrating polarization-sensitive detection with a spatial multiplexing strategy, the method enables the acquisition of two distinct holographic scenes within a single exposure-each with independent spatial coverage and polarization contrast. This configuration allows for vectorial imaging while effectively extending the system's spatial observation range without compromising temporal resolution. The measurement accuracy and imaging performance of the proposed double FOV polarization-sensitive digital holography are confirmed on anisotropic materials, and the outcomes support its applicability. The technique offers significant advantages for applications requiring wide-area monitoring with polarization sensitivity, such as biomedical imaging, material characterization, and remote sensing. Experimental demonstrations validate the system's ability to reconstruct full-Stokes parameters across both FOVs with high fidelity, opening a new avenue for efficient, real-time polarization imaging across extended spatial domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 19","pages":"6241-6244"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.572411
Hongcheng Zhao, Juqin Feng, Qiuxia Zhao, Jianjun Chen, Ning Wang
{"title":"A high-reliability dual Fabry-Perot cavity vibration sensor with an L-shaped optical path.","authors":"Hongcheng Zhao, Juqin Feng, Qiuxia Zhao, Jianjun Chen, Ning Wang","doi":"10.1364/OL.572411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.572411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a high-reliability fiber-optic Fabry-Perot vibration sensor with an L-shaped optical path and dual Fabry-Perot cavities. Two interferometric cavities were constructed using the nickel-based alloy Inconel 718 and sapphire materials to achieve temperature self-compensation. Additionally, an L-shaped optical path was adopted to enhance the sensor's deployment flexibility in confined environments. The sensor was also employed with a reliability packaging design, which further enhances its adaptability in harsh environments such as high temperatures and corrosive conditions. Experimental results show that the sensor exhibits a sensitivity of 41.235 nm/g, a resonance frequency of 2372.8 Hz, and a maximum measurement range of 110.85 g. It also showed stable operation during the temperature adaptability test within the range of 25-300°C. Furthermore, the sensor exhibits excellent consistency and stability during temperature cycling and long-term monitoring, with no noticeable drift observed throughout the testing period. This work proposes an effective solution for enhancing the reliability and environmental adaptability of fiber-optic Fabry-Perot vibration sensor under complex working conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 19","pages":"6040-6043"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.563173
Sebastien Garcia, Vassily Kornienko, Mehdi Stiti, Elias Kristensson, Edouard Berrocal
{"title":"Liquid volume fraction and droplet sizing in atomizing sprays using polarization ratio with dual structured laser illumination planar imaging.","authors":"Sebastien Garcia, Vassily Kornienko, Mehdi Stiti, Elias Kristensson, Edouard Berrocal","doi":"10.1364/OL.563173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.563173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is essential that the design of atomizing sprays be tailored to the specific requirements of various industrial processes within, e.g., the agricultural or energy sector. However, the measurement of key atomizer parameters-central to the optimization of such systems-suffers from time-intensive techniques, complex calibration routines, and/or the need to include additives in the injected liquid. Here, we present an additive-less, two-dimensional optical technique for determining droplet sizes, number densities, and liquid volume fractions of optically dense atomizing sprays. This method is applied to characterize two distinct hollow-cone sprays injected at high pressure and flow rate. Our results reveal local inhomogeneities in various key atomizer parameters, demonstrating the potential for efficient, in situ characterization of atomizing spray systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 19","pages":"6233-6236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.574846
Zhou Li, Junyang Xu, Xianshi Jia, Kai Li, Cong Wang
{"title":"Millisecond laser ablation of metal assisted by high-energy nanosecond laser-induced air filament.","authors":"Zhou Li, Junyang Xu, Xianshi Jia, Kai Li, Cong Wang","doi":"10.1364/OL.574846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.574846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Combined Pulse Laser (CPL) irradiation provides substantial benefits for high-energy laser damage studies. However, in most reported CPL schemes, the millisecond laser is restricted to small spots (hundreds of microns) and peak power densities around 10<sup>6</sup> W/cm<sup>2</sup>, which are far from practical damage conditions. Here, we propose a filament-assisted CPL strategy in which high-energy nanosecond pulses (0.4-1.0 J) are focused by a 1 m lens to generate a 3-5 cm-long air filament, intersecting a millisecond laser beam (1.2 mm spot, 4.42 × 10<sup>4</sup> W/cm<sup>2</sup>) at ~15°. This configuration enables efficient energy coupling between the filament plasma and the heated target. Experimental results reveal that the filament-assisted CPL increases ablation depth from 0.09 mm to 1.01 mm and boosts material removal efficiency from 0.11 mm<sup>3</sup>/J to 1.55 mm<sup>3</sup>/J. An integrated diagnostic system combining high-speed thermography, high-speed imaging, and morphological characterization was used to analyze the ablation dynamics. The proposed CPL approach significantly improves ablation effectiveness and offers a promising pathway for advanced high-energy laser damage applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 19","pages":"6217-6220"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}