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Embedding matrices in programmable photonic networks with flexible depth and width.
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.553436
Matthew Markowitz, Kevin Zelaya, Mohammad-Ali Miri
{"title":"Embedding matrices in programmable photonic networks with flexible depth and width.","authors":"Matthew Markowitz, Kevin Zelaya, Mohammad-Ali Miri","doi":"10.1364/OL.553436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.553436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We show that programmable photonic circuit architectures composed of alternating mixing layers and active layers offer a high degree of flexibility. This alternating configuration enables the systematic tailoring of both the network's depth (number of layers) and width (size of each layer) without compromising computational capabilities. From a mathematical perspective, our approach can be viewed as embedding an arbitrary target matrix into a higher-dimensional matrix, which can then be represented with fewer layers and a larger number of active elements. We derive a general relation for the width and depth of a network that guarantees representing all <i>N</i> × <i>N</i> complex-valued matrix operations. Remarkably, we show that just two such active layers-interleaved with passive mixing layers-are sufficient to universally implement arbitrary matrix transformations. This result promises a more adaptable and scalable route to photonic matrix processors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 7","pages":"2318-2321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heavy metal-free white light-emitting diodes based on multinary copper chalcogenide nanocrystals.
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.555369
Peiwen Lv, Kai Wang, Danxin Hou, Shengli Wu, Jintao Guan, Zhe Yin, Aiwei Tang
{"title":"Heavy metal-free white light-emitting diodes based on multinary copper chalcogenide nanocrystals.","authors":"Peiwen Lv, Kai Wang, Danxin Hou, Shengli Wu, Jintao Guan, Zhe Yin, Aiwei Tang","doi":"10.1364/OL.555369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.555369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantum dot (QD) white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) have been aimed at improving high-color gamut displays and solid-state lighting yet faced scrutiny due to the toxicity of Cd. We have successfully fabricated WLEDs with a high color rendering index of 93 via heavy metal-free multinary copper chalcogenide nanocrystals. The devices demonstrate a maximum luminance of 1062 cd/m<sup>2</sup> and a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) value of 1.15%. Notably, these devices exhibit minimal efficiency roll-off, maintaining an EQE value of 1.09% even at elevated luminance levels (500 cd/m<sup>2</sup>). This investigation presents a compelling methodology for fabricating WLEDs and holds significant promise for potential applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 7","pages":"2183-2186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-security optical encryption based on single-pixel imaging and structured light multiplexing holography.
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.557688
Sheng Wang, Zhenyu Zhang, Shangyin Zhou, Bijun Xu, Xiaogang Wang
{"title":"High-security optical encryption based on single-pixel imaging and structured light multiplexing holography.","authors":"Sheng Wang, Zhenyu Zhang, Shangyin Zhou, Bijun Xu, Xiaogang Wang","doi":"10.1364/OL.557688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.557688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The applications of single-pixel imaging (SPI) and optical multiplexing techniques in optical encryption are gradually increasing. However, little attention has been given to integrating these two for applications. Here, we propose a dual-layer optical encryption scheme that combines sample region-dependent SPI and structured light multiplexing holography. In the encryption process, the bucket signal obtained by SPI and the position coordinates used to generate the structured illumination patterns for SPI will be encrypted into a holographic ciphertext through spatial-structured light multiplexing holography. During decryption, the bucket signal can be retrieved from the ciphertext using a binary matrix key, and the sampling region can be determined by illuminating the ciphertext with multi-ramp helical-conical beams. Thus, the original secret image can be successfully decrypted. This work takes advantage of the spatial mode multiplexing characteristics of the structured beams and the dependence of Fourier SPI encryption on the sampling region, thereby promoting the collaborative application of the two in the field of optical security.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 7","pages":"2378-2381"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Isotropic spectrum optimization for enhancing image fidelity in super-resolution structured illumination microscopy.
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.558342
Yong Hu, Ge Wu, Zhi Chen, Tao Yang, Liao Liang, Ziqiang Tu, Xiaolu Ni, Rong Wan, Qiuqiang Zhan, Zewei Luo, Tongsheng Chen
{"title":"Isotropic spectrum optimization for enhancing image fidelity in super-resolution structured illumination microscopy.","authors":"Yong Hu, Ge Wu, Zhi Chen, Tao Yang, Liao Liang, Ziqiang Tu, Xiaolu Ni, Rong Wan, Qiuqiang Zhan, Zewei Luo, Tongsheng Chen","doi":"10.1364/OL.558342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.558342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) performs spectral expansion of high-frequency information encoded in stripe patterns. However, using a limited number of pattern orientations (typically three) results in a petal-like frequency spectrum, leading to structural and intensity fidelity degradation in reconstructed images. In this Letter, we propose an integrated spatial-frequency domain SIM reconstruction method that enables isotropic spectrum expansion, called ISO-SIM. ISO-SIM overcomes structural artifacts caused by an anisotropic spectral expansion in traditional SIM imaging. We demonstrate the feasibility and fidelity of ISO-SIM through simulations, Argolight slide, and live-cell imaging. ISO-SIM enhanced structural similarity and reduced the error in the mean intensity ratio at certain spatial frequencies compared to Wiener-SIM. We further applied ISO-SIM to live-cell quantitative FRET imaging. ISO-SIM-FRET ensured that the measured FRET efficiency matched the ground truth, with a 19% reduction in the standard deviation compared to Wiener-SIM-FRET, maintaining intensity fidelity and enhancing the accuracy of quantitative analysis while suppressing artifacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 7","pages":"2461-2464"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Layered ternary message passing decoder of LDPC codes for 50G-PON.
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.557079
Ming Jiang, Qiushi Xu, Chunming Zhao
{"title":"Layered ternary message passing decoder of LDPC codes for 50G-PON.","authors":"Ming Jiang, Qiushi Xu, Chunming Zhao","doi":"10.1364/OL.557079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.557079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This Letter presents a layered ternary message passing (LTMP) decoder for the low-density parity-check (LDPC) code tailored for 50G passive optical networks (50G-PON). The proposed decoder adopts a layered architecture, and a corresponding density evolution analysis that enhances error correction performance is introduced. Additionally, we propose an optimization method for parameter combinations, which effectively achieves stronger performance. Results indicate that the LTMP decoder achieves exceptional error correction capabilities for the LDPC code in 50G-PON, even under low-precision input conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 7","pages":"2187-2190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Megawatt peak-power, single-mode, mid-infrared femtosecond pulse delivery at 5-6 μm via a silica-based anti-resonant hollow core fiber.
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.555306
Ang Deng, Linzhen He, Yuxi Wang, Trivikramarao Gavara, Liangliang Lu, Wonkeun Chang, Hongyu Luo, Jianfeng Li, Houkun Liang
{"title":"Megawatt peak-power, single-mode, mid-infrared femtosecond pulse delivery at 5-6 μm via a silica-based anti-resonant hollow core fiber.","authors":"Ang Deng, Linzhen He, Yuxi Wang, Trivikramarao Gavara, Liangliang Lu, Wonkeun Chang, Hongyu Luo, Jianfeng Li, Houkun Liang","doi":"10.1364/OL.555306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.555306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We demonstrate the first, to our knowledge, delivery of megawatt peak power, single-mode mid-infrared (MIR) femtosecond pulses at 5-6 μm using a silica-based anti-resonant hollow core fiber (AR-HCF). Benefiting from the light confinement inside the hollow core, the AR-HCF exhibits high damage thresholds, reliable power stability, efficient spatial beam self-cleaning, and pulse shape preservation. Pumped by a homemade LGS-based two-stage optical parametric amplifier generating high-power ∼200 fs pulses, the fiber achieves a maximum delivered peak power of 4 MW at 5.1 μm and 5 MW at 6.1 μm, with peak intensities reaching 100 GW/cm<sup>2</sup>, despite fiber losses exceeding 2 dB/m. This flexible, meter-scale delivery system demonstrates exceptional potential for addressing the challenges of high peak power MIR laser delivery in precise, minimally invasive interventional ablation, particularly at resonant peaks such as amide-I (6.1 μm) and cholesterol esters (5.75 μm).</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 7","pages":"2149-2152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Near-IR photoluminescence at the photon level in a silica fiber patch cable.
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.549799
Alexander C B Greenwood, Abhay Verma, Jackson Russett, Andi Shahaj, Li Qian
{"title":"Near-IR photoluminescence at the photon level in a silica fiber patch cable.","authors":"Alexander C B Greenwood, Abhay Verma, Jackson Russett, Andi Shahaj, Li Qian","doi":"10.1364/OL.549799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.549799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We measure the spectral fluorescence emitted by commercial pure-silica core and germanium-doped core fibers in the range of 760-860 nm and find that the broadband fluorescence that exists in the Ge-doped fiber can be avoided by adopting the pure-silica core fiber. Most importantly, we present a narrowband (∼1 nm FWHM) emission line characteristic of zirconia ferrules used in both commercial Ge-doped and pure-silica core fiber patch cables. The results of this work are significant to many applications in the fields of quantum optics and fluorescence spectroscopy, where strong pump light co-propagates with signals at the photon level.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 7","pages":"2421-2424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On-chip broadband power splitters via non-Hermitian subspaces.
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.559011
Xiaohong Li, Zhiqiang Qi, Hongyu Tan, Yang Liu, Lu Ding, Shaolin Ke
{"title":"On-chip broadband power splitters via non-Hermitian subspaces.","authors":"Xiaohong Li, Zhiqiang Qi, Hongyu Tan, Yang Liu, Lu Ding, Shaolin Ke","doi":"10.1364/OL.559011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.559011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We propose and demonstrate a broadband 3-dB power splitter based on a non-Hermitian triplet waveguide fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. By exploiting mirror symmetry, we show that the triplet can be decoupled into two virtual subspaces: a Hermitian subspace featuring a lossless zero mode and a non-Hermitian subspace supporting lossy modes. The zero mode, with its intensity equally distributed between the outer two waveguides, plays a crucial role in achieving broadband performance, effectively suppressing mode competition and maintaining stable splitting against dimensional errors. Experimentally, the 1-dB operational bandwidth of the splitter is confirmed to exceed 70 nm, ranging from 1480 nm to 1550 nm. Furthermore, this approach can be directly extended to any 1×<i>n</i> power splitter, providing a scalable and robust solution for photonic integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 7","pages":"2473-2476"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diode-pumped few-optical-cycle laser based on an ytterbium-doped disordered strontium yttrium borate crystal.
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.559850
Huang-Jun Zeng, Zhang-Lang Lin, Shijia Sun, Pavel Loiko, Haifeng Lin, Ge Zhang, Zhoubin Lin, Chengbo Mou, Xavier Mateos, Valentin Petrov, Weidong Chen
{"title":"Diode-pumped few-optical-cycle laser based on an ytterbium-doped disordered strontium yttrium borate crystal.","authors":"Huang-Jun Zeng, Zhang-Lang Lin, Shijia Sun, Pavel Loiko, Haifeng Lin, Ge Zhang, Zhoubin Lin, Chengbo Mou, Xavier Mateos, Valentin Petrov, Weidong Chen","doi":"10.1364/OL.559850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.559850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report on a power-scalable, diode-pumped sub-20-fs mode-locked (ML) laser based on a multisite ytterbium-doped strontium yttrium borate crystal, Yb:Sr<sub>3</sub>Y<sub>2</sub>(BO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>, exhibiting broadband spectral gain. Pumping with a low-power, spatially single-mode laser diode, the Yb:Sr<sub>3</sub>Y<sub>2</sub>(BO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> laser produces soliton pulses as short as 19 fs at 1073.1 nm via soft-aperture Kerr-lens mode locking. A record-high average output power of 131 mW for such pulse durations represents a sixfold increase compared to the previous work. Peak pulse powers as high as ∼140 kW were achieved, increasing the average output power to 328 mW at 1070.5 nm for a slightly longer pulse duration of 28 fs. This corresponds to an impressive laser efficiency of 30%. The results highlight the potential of diode-pumped ytterbium lasers operating in the few-optical-cycle regime for achieving simultaneously high average output power and laser efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 7","pages":"2203-2206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Active breathing pulses induced by the periodic loss in a passive mode-locked laser.
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.554512
Jialong Feng, Zhenzhu Zhang, Jiajun Wei, Yueqing Du, Chao Zeng, Dong Mao, Jianlin Zhao
{"title":"Active breathing pulses induced by the periodic loss in a passive mode-locked laser.","authors":"Jialong Feng, Zhenzhu Zhang, Jiajun Wei, Yueqing Du, Chao Zeng, Dong Mao, Jianlin Zhao","doi":"10.1364/OL.554512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.554512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The breather is an important emerging topic in nonlinear optics. In fiber lasers, the breather is generally achieved by tuning the loss of the laser system to search for the proper Hopf-bifurcation route. Here, we propose a simple and reliable method to generate breathing pulses, i.e., to introduce a controlled periodic transmittance, i.e., a periodic loss, within the laser that drives the mode-locked pulses to produce a synchronous periodic evolution. Therefore, we name this type of pulse as active breathing pulses. Experimental results show that the characteristic parameters of the active breathing pulses, e.g., the breathing ratio and breathing frequency, can be accurately controlled by the modulation depth and modulation frequency of the periodic transmittance introduced by the electro-optical modulator (EOM). Numerical simulations can reproduce the experimental phenomena. Our work not only gives a new, to the best of our knowledge, approach to modulate the characteristics of the breather but is also promising for the discovery of novel Hopf-bifurcation phenomena and soliton patterns in a periodically varying system.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 7","pages":"2326-2329"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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