Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.541194
Jianping Zhu, Lei Zhu, Ran Gao, Xishuo Wang, Jianxin Ren, Shuaidong Chen, Zexuan Jing, Zhipei Li, Shanting Hu, Qinghua Tian, Bo Tian, Huan Chang, Dong Guo, Xiaolong Pan, Zheyu Wu, Xiangjun Xin, Bo Liu
{"title":"All-optical image transmission through a dynamically perturbed multimode fiber and a ring-core fiber using diffractive deep neural networks.","authors":"Jianping Zhu, Lei Zhu, Ran Gao, Xishuo Wang, Jianxin Ren, Shuaidong Chen, Zexuan Jing, Zhipei Li, Shanting Hu, Qinghua Tian, Bo Tian, Huan Chang, Dong Guo, Xiaolong Pan, Zheyu Wu, Xiangjun Xin, Bo Liu","doi":"10.1364/OL.541194","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.541194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we present an all-optical image reconstruction technique leveraging a diffractive deep neural network (D2NN) within a ring-core fiber (RCF) architecture. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes are employed to facilitate imaging transmission. We experimentally validate the efficacy of our approach for complex field diffractive image reconstruction through a multimode fiber (MMF) and RCF at a 1550 nm operating wavelength. The experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method in mitigating RCF scattering-to-restoration transformation issues, significantly outperforming traditional MMF-based imaging correction techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6493-6496"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.539160
Andrea Pertoldi, Jakob M Hauge, Patrick Bowen Montague, Poul Varming
{"title":"Coherent instabilities in thulium-based fiber amplifiers induced by laser frequency modulation.","authors":"Andrea Pertoldi, Jakob M Hauge, Patrick Bowen Montague, Poul Varming","doi":"10.1364/OL.539160","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.539160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frequency modulation of narrow-linewidth lasers can cause coherent backscattering in cladding-pumped fiber amplifiers. This detrimental effect can be observed in Tm-based fiber amplifiers and can be an additional limitation for power scaling applications. We investigate such instabilities in Tm- and Tm/Ho-doped fiber amplifiers for a wide range of design parameters (active fiber length, pumping scheme, dopant type) and operation regimes (laser frequency tuning rate, amplifier gain). For each amplifier configuration, the backward-propagating (BP) signal is found to peak at a specific laser frequency tuning rate, with an amplitude and a frequency that increase with increasing amplifier gain and fiber length.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6361-6364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High range resolution spectral-scanning LiDAR based on optical frequency-domain reflectometry.","authors":"Degangao Kong, Cheng Chen, Jiajun Wan, Yongqiang Wen, Xiaolei Zhang, Sujun Yuan, Xiaoping Liu","doi":"10.1364/OL.534930","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.534930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spectral scanning, which utilizes the dispersive effect of light, is a simple and robust method for solid-state beam steering in light detection and ranging (LiDAR) applications. Powered by a tunable laser source, optical frequency-domain reflectometry (OFDR) is a high-precision measurement scheme that is inherently compatible with spectral scanning. Here, we propose a spectral-scanning LiDAR based on OFDR technology and demonstrate that, by connecting the measured spectral reflectivity and group delay of the targets with the dispersion equation, their cloud point data can be obtained. Moreover, compared to the spectral-scanning LiDAR based on the frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) ranging method, our proposed LiDAR scheme offers a more than tenfold improvement in range resolution with a large number of angular pixels. This enhancement enables high-resolution 3D imaging along both the angular and range axes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6565-6568"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.541880
Xiaoke Yin, Shaokun Liu, Le He, Wenzhen Li, Yang Chen, Nengli Dai, Jinyan Li
{"title":"Realizing 0.7 dB/m gain in O + E band by promoting BACs-P formation in bismuth-doped phosphosilicate fiber with double-pass configuration.","authors":"Xiaoke Yin, Shaokun Liu, Le He, Wenzhen Li, Yang Chen, Nengli Dai, Jinyan Li","doi":"10.1364/OL.541880","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.541880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The long fiber length required for the amplification of bismuth-doped fiber (BDF) has hindered its practical application. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a feasible method to improve the active absorption of bismuth active centers (BACs) by optimizing the drawing conditions, achieving a high gain with a short fiber length. The bismuth-doped phosphosilicate fiber (BPSF) preform was fabricated by the modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) process and drawn into fiber under nine different conditions. The results indicate that the active absorption of BACs increases as the drawing temperature increases and the drawing speed decreases within these drawing parameters. Meanwhile, the corresponding gain per unit length is improved. Furthermore, a maximum gain of 31.6 dB at 1350 nm with the >20 dB gain wavelength range of 1311-1401 nm was achieved in a double-pass double-pump configuration, using only 45 m BPSF. Meanwhile, the -3 dB bandwidth was 1328-1370 nm. The gain per unit length is 0.7 dB/m, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the highest gain per unit length reported for the BPSF.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6525-6528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.542147
Yeasir Arafat, Abi Waqas, John Justice, Agnieszka Gocalinska, Fatih Atar, Eoin Russell, Brendan Roycroft, Darpan Mishra, Emanuele Pelucchi, Fatima Gunning, Brian Corbett
{"title":"Silicon-on-insulator wavelength-selective filter with integrated detectors at the 2 µm wave band.","authors":"Yeasir Arafat, Abi Waqas, John Justice, Agnieszka Gocalinska, Fatih Atar, Eoin Russell, Brendan Roycroft, Darpan Mishra, Emanuele Pelucchi, Fatima Gunning, Brian Corbett","doi":"10.1364/OL.542147","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.542147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The short-wave infrared range is highly significant for spectroscopic sensing and upcoming optical communication applications. Integrating active and passive photonic components is essential to achieve compact optical solutions. In this paper, we show, for the first time to our knowledge, a wavelength-selective detection system based on the heterogeneous integration of two grating-coupled InGaAs photodetectors operating at the 2µm wave band, with a wavelength selectivity provided by a dual-channel Mach-Zehnder interferometer fabricated using a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer. A full system responsivity of 0.1 A/W is measured together with >9.5 dB rejection ratio at two wavelengths. To our knowledge, we achieve the lowest measured dark current density (7.6 × 10<sup>-4</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup> at -2 V) with micro-transfer printed integrated detectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6553-6556"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.542218
Chengzhen Bian, Bohan Sang, Xiongwei Yang, Chen Wang, Long Zhang, Yi Wei, Qiutong Zhang, Kaihui Wang, Wen Zhou, Jianjun Yu
{"title":"Multidimensional QPSK symbol modulation scheme based on random sequence extraction for D-band photonics-aided wireless communication.","authors":"Chengzhen Bian, Bohan Sang, Xiongwei Yang, Chen Wang, Long Zhang, Yi Wei, Qiutong Zhang, Kaihui Wang, Wen Zhou, Jianjun Yu","doi":"10.1364/OL.542218","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.542218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We propose a multidimensional (MD) quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) symbol modulation and demodulation scheme based on random sequence extraction, which overcomes the limitations of traditional QPSK signals in performing probabilistic shaping. Unlike probabilistic shaping (PS) and geometric shaping (GS), our approach does not require modifications to the existing digital signal processing (DSP) architecture; it only necessitates the addition of sequence modulation and demodulation modules. Additionally, the source entropy (SE) can be flexibly adjusted. An experimental verification was conducted in a 50 m, 150 GHz photonics-aided wireless communication system. The results show that, under the same net data rate, the random sequence extraction QPSK scheme can achieve a maximum optical power gain of 0.7 dB. These findings indicate that the random sequence extraction QPSK (SE-QPSK) scheme can effectively enhance system performance, providing a promising outlook for future wireless communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6425-6428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-sensitivity NO<sub>2</sub> fluorescence sensor based on a QDs@Aerogels/SM composite nanofilm.","authors":"Heng Li, Yongxiao Chen, Wei Zhou, Guanjie Yang, Tian Xie, Qiuhua Li, Jianlin Huang, Cong Liu, Xiaobo Xing","doi":"10.1364/OL.529773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.529773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantum dots (QDs) exhibit excellent optical and chemical properties, making them advantageous for fluorescence sensing. However, gas sensor using QDs is often hampered by challenges such as gas diffusion and low concentration. This work describes the development of a nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) fluorescence gas sensor that utilizes a QDs@Aerogels/SM composite nanofilm containing CdTe QDs modified by reduced glutathione (GSH), silica microspheres (SMs), and silica aerogel. The SM and porous aerogels create a uniform porous structure that enhances the distribution of QDs. Compared to the pure QDs film, the QDs@Aerogels/SM composite film exhibits enhanced fluorescence intensity. The porous structure promotes the adsorption of NO<sub>2</sub>, which improves the detection sensitivity. The QDs@Aerogels/SM composite film was applied in a portable gas sensor. The sensor demonstrates a good linear response to NO<sub>2</sub> gas in the range of 0-10 ppm, with an ultra-low detection limit of 0.096 ppm and high selectivity. The uniform distribution of aerogel and SM enhances the stability of the composite nanofilm, and the fluorescence of the films remains virtually unchanged over a period of 60 days which ensures its optimal performance over extended periods of use. The fluorescent NO<sub>2</sub> sensor demonstrated selective and sensitive quenching upon exposure to NO<sub>2</sub>, making it ideal for environmental monitoring and further applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6381-6384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power domain superimposed modulation method based on dimensional level transformation and 5D constellation shaping.","authors":"Haojun Liu, Bo Liu, Jianxin Ren, Yaya Mao, Jianye Zhao, Zhi Liu, Tao Chen, Feng Wang, Xiangyu Wu, Shuaidong Chen, Ying Li, Xiumin Song, Zhipeng Qi","doi":"10.1364/OL.540774","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.540774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper proposes a power domain superposition modulation method based on dimensional level transformation and five dimensions (5D) constellation shaping. Stacking a regular triangular pyramid and enhancing it in terms of dimensions achieves the geometric shaping of the 5D constellation. Based on this, signal superposition in the power domain is achieved through dimensional transformation for data modulation. Experimental verification was conducted on a 2 km seven-core fiber in an IM/DD system. Compared to the traditional 2D-32QAM, this method can achieve a 0.7 dB gain at high received optical power and a 0.4 dB receiver sensitivity gain at a BER of 3.8 × 10<sup>-3</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6485-6488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.533546
Yuan Tian, Xiaodong Hu, Yixin Zhao, Xuan Zhang, Dingjie Wang, Songmao Chen, Wei Hao, Meilin Xie, Xiuqin Su
{"title":"Adaptive range gating based on variational Bayesian inference for space debris ranging with spaceborne single-photon LiDAR.","authors":"Yuan Tian, Xiaodong Hu, Yixin Zhao, Xuan Zhang, Dingjie Wang, Songmao Chen, Wei Hao, Meilin Xie, Xiuqin Su","doi":"10.1364/OL.533546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.533546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To enhance the accuracy of space debris localization, spaceborne single-photon LiDAR (SSPL) presents a promising technique for accurate target ranging. Extended Kalman filtering (EKF) plays a crucial role in range gating under high dynamic and nonlinear motion conditions of space debris, ensuring accurate state estimation and prior distance data. However, unknown and time-varying statistics of process and measurement noise significantly degrade state estimation accuracy, posing risks of filter divergence and reduced photon reception, ultimately rendering range gating ineffective. To address this challenge, we propose an adaptive range gating method based on variational Bayesian adaptive extended Kalman filtering (ARG-VBAEKF). This method leverages variational Bayesian (VB) posterior approximation to estimate the joint distribution of state and noise. Simulation results demonstrate that ARG-VBAEKF achieves accurate state and noise estimation, thereby effectively enhancing range gating performance in SSPL-based space debris ranging.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6561-6564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.537861
Yafei Wang, Yan Sun, Xin Wang, Chongyun Shao, Lei Zhang, Shikai Wang, Danping Chen, Chunlei Yu, Lili Hu
{"title":"Continous-wave and passively Q-switched laser at 1.36 µm of a Nd<sup>3+</sup>-doped phosphate fiber with a Yb<sup>3+</sup>-doped inner cladding.","authors":"Yafei Wang, Yan Sun, Xin Wang, Chongyun Shao, Lei Zhang, Shikai Wang, Danping Chen, Chunlei Yu, Lili Hu","doi":"10.1364/OL.537861","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.537861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>All-fiber continuous-wave (CW) and passively Q-switched lasers at 1.36 µm (<sup>4</sup>F<sub>3/2 </sub>→ <sup>4</sup>I<sub>13/2</sub>) by a Nd<sup>3+</sup>-doped double cladding phosphate fiber are demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. To suppress the competitive 0.9 and 1.05 µm emission, the Yb<sup>3+</sup> ions are intentionally introduced into the inner cladding of this Nd<sup>3+</sup>-doped fiber. CW laser at 1.36 µm with a signal-to-noise ratio over 50 dB is realized by using two fiber-type dielectric films as cavity mirrors. A 4.0% CW laser efficiency is obtained when the Nd<sup>3+</sup>-doped fiber length is 33 mm. The emission at 0.9 and 1.05 µm is well-suppressed, and no parasitic laser is observed. Taking a commercial semiconductor saturable absorber (SA) mirror as the SA, the compact 1.36-µm Q-switched laser is demonstrated, and the repetition rate of output pulses can be tuned from 230 to 522 kHz with a narrowest pulse duration of 152 ns. Our results may provide a promising way to realize 1.3 µm laser oscillation in Nd<sup>3+</sup>-doped fibers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6441-6444"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}