Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-03-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.553380
J Lukeš, V Hájková, M Hlubučková, V Kanclíř, K Žídek
{"title":"Sensitive detection of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> thin-film defects via second harmonic generation microscopy.","authors":"J Lukeš, V Hájková, M Hlubučková, V Kanclíř, K Žídek","doi":"10.1364/OL.553380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.553380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical coating, an integral part of many optical systems, is prone to damage from environmental exposure and laser irradiation. This underscores the need for reliable and sensitive coating diagnostics. We introduce second harmonic generation (SHG) as a method for the sensitive detection of defects and inhomogeneities within optical thin films. We demonstrate the use of SHG on Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> layers tested for their laser-induced damage threshold. The SHG mapping was compared with commonly used diagnostic techniques, including Nomarski microscopy, white light interferometry, and electron microscopy. Owing to its sensitivity to variations in local symmetry, SHG is able to discern minute alterations in material composition, mechanical stress, and interface structures. Therefore, SHG identified modifications in the tested layers, highly extending the damage recognized by standard methods. Furthermore, we demonstrate SHG's ability to enhance specific features by modulation of incidence angles and polarization modes. Based on these findings, we propose SHG as an ideal diagnostic tool for the early identification of laser-induced modifications in centrosymmetric thin films.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 6","pages":"1885-1888"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-03-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.553243
Xuetao Xia, Mengye Wang, Jiatong Zhang, Ying Shang, Fang Zhao, Xinghu Fu, Wa Jin, Weihong Bi, Guangwei Fu
{"title":"Ultrafast all-optical modulation based on graphene-microfiber.","authors":"Xuetao Xia, Mengye Wang, Jiatong Zhang, Ying Shang, Fang Zhao, Xinghu Fu, Wa Jin, Weihong Bi, Guangwei Fu","doi":"10.1364/OL.553243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.553243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We proposed and studied an all-optical modulator based on graphene-microfiber (GMF), and prepared GMF by transferring graphene to the surface of the tapered region of the microfiber. The all-optical modulation characteristics and ultrafast all-optical modulation characteristics of GMF under different light source combinations were studied, and the all-optical modulator was completed. The experimental results show that GMF can achieve all-optical modulation, and broadband pump light can modulate single-pulse signal light. When the pump light is a 1550 nm ASE light source, and the signal light is a single-pulse light source of 852 nm, the maximum modulation depth is 3.92 dB. A single-pulse pump light can modulate single-pulse signal light. When the pump light is a 980 nm single-pulse laser, and the signal light is a 1550 nm single-pulse laser, the maximum modulation depth is 2.966 dB. The all-optical modulator proposed in this paper has ultrafast all-optical modulation characteristics. When using a femtosecond pulse laser as pump light, the average response time of the all-optical modulator is 51.43 μs, and the average equivalent modulation rate is 19.44 kHz. The all-optical modulator based on the GMF we proposed provides a new, to the best of our knowledge, idea for the design of graphene-based all-optical devices and shows great application potential in ultrafast all-optical networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 6","pages":"1925-1928"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.550512
Yuji Wang, Luping Wu, Rui Liu, Jianjun Ran, Zilun Luo, Cailiang Lv, Shiqin Qin, Zhiyong Bai, Shen Liu, Ying Wang, George Y Chen, Changrui Liao, Yiping Wang
{"title":"All-fiber focused optical vortex array generator based on a Dammann-Kinoform spiral zone plate.","authors":"Yuji Wang, Luping Wu, Rui Liu, Jianjun Ran, Zilun Luo, Cailiang Lv, Shiqin Qin, Zhiyong Bai, Shen Liu, Ying Wang, George Y Chen, Changrui Liao, Yiping Wang","doi":"10.1364/OL.550512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.550512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An optical vortex array (OVA) provides more degrees of freedom for modulation by controlling the number and spatial distribution of optical vortices (OVs). However, traditional approaches such as spatial light modulation need to utilize numerous complex optical components to generate an OVA and bulky objective lenses to focus it. We reported a highly integrated all-fiber generator of the focused optical vortex array (FOVA) in this work. This generator was prepared by printing a Dammann-Kinoform spiral zone plate (DKSZP) on the fiber facet using femtosecond laser two-photon polymerization (TPP) nanoprinting. The DKSZP can convert the incident Gaussian beam into 1D or 2D FOVA. The focal length, spacing of optical vortices, and topological charge of the generated FOVA were designed and verified through simulation and experimentation. Notably, we have successfully achieved the capture and rotation of silica microsphere trimers, which is attributed to the multiple robust trapping sites carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) provided by the generated FOVA. This achievement provides a novel solution for multi-target manipulation. Our results pave the way for the integration of FOVA generation devices, demonstrating great potential in applications such as particle manipulation, optical communication, optical metrology, and microfluidic pumps.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 5","pages":"1657-1660"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.551697
Qibing Wang, Chao Li, Chao Yang, Hui Chen, Xumeng Liu, Xu Zhang, Xi Xiao, Lei Wang, Zhixue He, Shaohua Yu
{"title":"Beyond 300-Gb/s optical interconnect over 10-km SSMF at C band enabled by optical vestigial sideband signal.","authors":"Qibing Wang, Chao Li, Chao Yang, Hui Chen, Xumeng Liu, Xu Zhang, Xi Xiao, Lei Wang, Zhixue He, Shaohua Yu","doi":"10.1364/OL.551697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.551697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using only a linear feed-forward equalizer in the receiver, we experimentally demonstrate a single-wavelength 120 Gbaud PAM4 vestigial sideband (VSB) signal transmission over 10 km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) at C band under the 7% overhead (OH) hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) bit error rate (BER) threshold. An optical filter is used to generate the VSB signal by optically filtering one sideband signal after the modulator. In order to further increase the data rate, a pre-emphasis equalizer, and a simplified second-order nonlinear equalizer are then employed to combat both the linear and nonlinear distortion introduced in the transmission link. Using probabilistic constellation shaping PAM8 signal, the achieved maximum line data rate is more than 350 Gb/s, below the 19% OH soft-decision forward error correction (SD-FEC) BER threshold, providing a potential solution for 10 km optical interconnect at C band with a data rate of more than 200 Gb/s per wavelength.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 5","pages":"1561-1564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Derivative optical imaging technique.","authors":"Yohan Szuszko Soares, Marcelo Jean Machado, Marcelo Prado Cionek, Lino Misoguti, Emerson Cristiano Barbano","doi":"10.1364/OL.553178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.553178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work introduces an innovative laser-scanning optical imaging acquisition technique employing a cylindrical lens, single-element detection (photodetector), and a temporal signal derivation for image recovery. A cylindrical lens generates a line that can be focused onto a sample, facilitating rapid two-dimensional image acquisition by requiring only one-axis scanning. To obtain the one-dimensional cross sections of the sample, we encode the position information using an optical chopper, which gradually obstructs the laser beam line as the chopper's blade rotates. The sample's image information along the line is then extracted through temporal derivation of the signal collected by the photodetector. This enables the transformation of the collected signal into an intensity mapping corresponding to the unique spatial locations of each point along the geometric line of the beam. Consequently, scanning along the axis perpendicular to the laser propagation direction enables acquiring a two-dimensional sample image. The derivative optical imaging technique (DOIT) emerges as a valuable tool due to its relatively simple optical setup, fast image acquisition, compatibility with unusual wavelengths where an array camera is unavailable, potential to work with scattering samples, etc. Therefore, this work demonstrates this derivative microscope's operational principles and presents the obtained results.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 5","pages":"1504-1507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.553536
Jonathan Pouillaude, Pierre Pichon, Xavier Delen, Philippe Roy, Baptiste Leconte, Patrick Georges, Laurent Lombard
{"title":"Development of an all-fiber spliced laser system using stimulated Brillouin scattering mitigation techniques and achieving 50 ns, 10 kW peak power for lidar applications.","authors":"Jonathan Pouillaude, Pierre Pichon, Xavier Delen, Philippe Roy, Baptiste Leconte, Patrick Georges, Laurent Lombard","doi":"10.1364/OL.553536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.553536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work compares several Yb-doped large mode area (LMA) fiber amplifiers operating in the ∼50 ns regime at 1030 nm designed for airborne wind lidar application. The sinusoidal phase modulation applied to the signal enhances the SBS threshold by a factor 8.8 compared to a single frequency operation while still complying with lidar receiver spectral requirements. By combining this modulation with short, highly doped LMA fibers, more than 10 kW output peak power has been reached for 50 ns pulses at 40 kHz repetition rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 5","pages":"1743-1746"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.553705
Qiaonan Dong, Xinxing Sun, Tingfei Yuan, Lang Gao, Yong Zheng, Rongbo Wu, Hongxin Qi, Ya Cheng
{"title":"Enhancement of responsivity and a self-powered on-chip LNOI integrated Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> photodetector array.","authors":"Qiaonan Dong, Xinxing Sun, Tingfei Yuan, Lang Gao, Yong Zheng, Rongbo Wu, Hongxin Qi, Ya Cheng","doi":"10.1364/OL.553705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.553705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The topological insulator Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> possesses an extraordinary optoelectronic property for wide-band optoelectronics device applications. In this study, we demonstrate a high-responsivity and self-powered on-chip lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) waveguide-integrated Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> photodetector array operating at 1550 nm. Enhancement of responsivity is attributed to the decreased Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>/Au contact resistance, which is facilitated by electrothermal annealing. The post-electrothermal annealed on-chip photodetector was demonstrated a photocurrent response increased by four orders of magnitude, reaching as high as 5.5 µA. It features a photoresponsivity of 60 mA/W and a response time of 10 µs. The uniform performance of the fabricated Bi<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> photodetector arrays integrated with 4× multi-mode interference on the same LNOI photonic chips proves its potential for applications in high-efficiency optical communication, optical computing, and large-scale data processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 5","pages":"1711-1714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-03-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.549516
Tong Zhang, Qiaoya Shi, Jia Yu, Chen Wang, Jing Li, Rongxin Hu, Ye Feng, Yishan Wang
{"title":"Fully integrated Kerr-lens mode-locked ceramic laser.","authors":"Tong Zhang, Qiaoya Shi, Jia Yu, Chen Wang, Jing Li, Rongxin Hu, Ye Feng, Yishan Wang","doi":"10.1364/OL.549516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.549516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 2.4 GHz Kerr-lens mode-locked laser, employing Yb:Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> ceramic as the gain medium, has been fully integrated into a compact 61 mL volume. By optimizing the pump structure, all optical components of the laser are confined within a 34 × 78 mm<sup>2</sup> area, enabling effective temperature control. Owing to the temperature control, the repetition-rate drift of the laser in free-running mode can be as low as ∼10<sup>-8</sup> with a timing jitter of 13 fs. Furthermore, this laser operates with a low electrical power consumption of only 4 W. All these attributes make this Kerr-lens mode-locked laser a portable low-noise signal source. In addition, the laser operates around the central wavelength of 1075 nm and has a spectral width of 11.2 nm. The relative power stability of the laser in 2 h is within 0.4%.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 5","pages":"1532-1535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Single-pixel diffractive imaging via regularized complex-amplitude retrieval.","authors":"Guancheng Huang, Yong Shuai, Zhengjun Liu, Ziyang Li, Ziling Qiao, Qi Li, Zhengyu Wu, Shutian Liu, Yutong Li","doi":"10.1364/OL.553834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.553834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For high-fidelity single-pixel complex-amplitude measurement, we implement robust and regularized wavefront separation by integrating multi-distance correlated reconstruction with constrained alternating projection retrievals. An adaptive dynamic weighting mechanism for group-wise wavefront updates further reinforces the stability and accuracy of imaging convergence. Additionally, a compressed phase retrieval driven by sparsity priors markedly optimizes efficiency by enabling wavefront reconstruction with single-frame diffraction. The proposed method allows flexible imaging with different-frame diffraction, promising it as a plug-and-play solution for high-fidelity single-pixel complex-field detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 5","pages":"1465-1468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}