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Highly robust vector-synthesis method for multi-frequency distributed acoustic sensing. 多频分布声传感的高鲁棒矢量合成方法。
IF 3.3 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.614146
Ziqi Zheng, Chang Liu, Zhiyu Xu, Yong Zhou, Wentan Fang, XiaoLin Chen, Wei Zhang, Song Huang, Xiaohui Ma, Weiqing Gao
{"title":"Highly robust vector-synthesis method for multi-frequency distributed acoustic sensing.","authors":"Ziqi Zheng, Chang Liu, Zhiyu Xu, Yong Zhou, Wentan Fang, XiaoLin Chen, Wei Zhang, Song Huang, Xiaohui Ma, Weiqing Gao","doi":"10.1364/OL.614146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.614146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rotated-vector-sum (RVS) is widely used in multi-frequency distributed acoustic sensing (DAS), but its synthesis gain collapses in long-haul sensing or with large frequency intervals. To fundamentally elucidate this effect, we develop a theoretical model that separates the coherent and random contributions of the Rayleigh-scattering signal within the RVS framework. Our model reveals that long distances and large frequency intervals raise the amplitude threshold required for the coherent component to provide positive gain, while improper synthesis weights amplify random phase errors. To address these issues, we propose a weight-reconstructed conjugate difference aggregation (WR-CDA) method. This approach minimizes and decouples the threshold from the sensing conditions to guarantee a consistently positive synthesis gain. The reconstructed weights are tied to the phase-error variance, effectively suppressing the influence of the random phase error. Experimental results demonstrate that WR‑CDA reduces the root‑mean‑square noise floor by more than a factor of four and suppresses the spectral noise by an average of 14.8 dB and up to 30.0 dB, relative to conventional RVS. These results demonstrate its potential for weak‑vibration and long‑haul sensing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 19","pages":"5558-5561"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Limits and trade-offs of shift-invariant meta-optical encoders for image compression. 图像压缩中移位不变性元光学编码器的限制和权衡。
IF 3.3 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.608423
Yubo Zhang, Rui Chen, Zhihao Zhou, Arka Majumdar
{"title":"Limits and trade-offs of shift-invariant meta-optical encoders for image compression.","authors":"Yubo Zhang, Rui Chen, Zhihao Zhou, Arka Majumdar","doi":"10.1364/OL.608423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.608423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meta-optical encoders can reduce image data before electronic readout or transmission, but engineered point-spread functions (PSFs) do not automatically outperform conventional imaging. We study scene-agnostic, shift-invariant, linear optical encoders using both a fixed total-variation (TV) reconstruction backend and a learned YOLOv8 detection backend. Under a measurement-budget definition of compression ratio that counts all sensed samples across all channels, we compare lens imaging with spatial binning, positive random multi-channel PSFs, signed random kernels, and orthogonal multi-channel kernels. In the low-noise regime, lens-binning gives the highest reconstruction fidelity and strongest YOLOv8 detection metrics at the same compression ratio. Multi-channel encoders, however, degrade more slowly under measurement noise because the measurements are distributed across complementary channels. These results show that, for scene-agnostic incoherent imaging, engineered convolutional PSFs should be justified primarily by robustness, multiplexing, or downstream system constraints, rather than by an expectation that generic wavefront coding will outperform lens-based binning.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 19","pages":"5518-5521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Frequency redistribution and weighting for discrete three-dimensional spectrum synthesis. 离散三维频谱合成的频率重分配与加权。
IF 3.3 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.604465
Zhengyang Bu, Qian Li, Difeng Wu, Xianxin Han, Jianyang Guo, Liyun Zhong, Xiaoxu Lu
{"title":"Frequency redistribution and weighting for discrete three-dimensional spectrum synthesis.","authors":"Zhengyang Bu, Qian Li, Difeng Wu, Xianxin Han, Jianyang Guo, Liyun Zhong, Xiaoxu Lu","doi":"10.1364/OL.604465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.604465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three-dimensional (3D) spectrum synthesis is critical for refractive-index (RI) reconstruction in optical diffraction tomography (ODT). However, discretization errors during spectrum mapping and non-uniform confidence among multi-angle measurements often lead to RI underestimation and axial artifacts. Here, we propose a non-iterative frequency redistribution and weighting (FRW) framework for discrete 3D spectrum synthesis. The method combines dual-neighbor spectral redistribution with power spectral density (PSD)-based weighting to improve Fourier-domain synthesis accuracy. Numerical simulations show PSNR improvements of 10.57% for the full field and 63.26% within the sample region. Experiments on polystyrene microspheres and HeLa cells demonstrate enhanced RI fidelity and reduced axial artifacts. Notably, FRW using only three illumination angles outperforms conventional nearest-neighbor reconstruction with 51 angles. The proposed framework provides a simple and efficient solution for high-fidelity ODT under sparse-angle acquisition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 19","pages":"5317-5320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Air-cladding-mode liquid-level sensor using a highly tilted fiber Bragg grating. 采用高倾斜光纤布拉格光栅的空气包层式液位传感器。
IF 3.3 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.614169
Jiahao Dong, Zhencheng Li, Kaiwei Li, Xile Han, Tuan Guo
{"title":"Air-cladding-mode liquid-level sensor using a highly tilted fiber Bragg grating.","authors":"Jiahao Dong, Zhencheng Li, Kaiwei Li, Xile Han, Tuan Guo","doi":"10.1364/OL.614169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.614169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a liquid-level sensor based on the air-cladding-mode band of a 37.5° tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG). Partial immersion increases the radiative loss of this mode band, and the liquid level is retrieved from the integrated area between its fitted upper and lower spectral envelopes. The sensor exhibits a sensitivity magnitude of -69.20 nm·dB/mm over a 10-mm range and distinguishes experimentally imposed 0.1-mm increments. Tests with NaCl solutions spanning refractive indices of 1.333-1.370 show negligible RI cross-sensitivity. This envelope-integration demodulation eliminates cross-talk that limits conventional wavelength-tracking TFBG sensors. The intact, unetched fiber ensures mechanical robustness, offering a practical solution for high‑precision level monitoring with the advantages of mechanical robustness and electromagnetic immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 19","pages":"5633-5636"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Symmetric-anchored transport-of-intensity phase retrieval with adaptive gradient refinement. 基于自适应梯度细化的对称锚定强度输运相位反演。
IF 3.3 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.609604
Zining Ouyang, Ziyang Li, Ziling Qiao, Longhui Fu, Hang Chen, Yutong Li, Shutian Liu, Zhengjun Liu
{"title":"Symmetric-anchored transport-of-intensity phase retrieval with adaptive gradient refinement.","authors":"Zining Ouyang, Ziyang Li, Ziling Qiao, Longhui Fu, Hang Chen, Yutong Li, Shutian Liu, Zhengjun Liu","doi":"10.1364/OL.609604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.609604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantitative phase imaging via the transport-of-intensity equation (TIE) enables label-free phase measurement, but its accuracy degrades under large defocus, where the underlying nonlinearity becomes pronounced. We propose SA-RAdam, a symmetric-anchored, rectified-Adam-refined framework for high-fidelity TIE phase retrieval. A symmetric two-plane architecture yields a second-order accurate derivative prior at a virtual mid-plane, anchored to the reference plane via angular-spectrum propagation. An adjoint gradient of the forward model, combined with rectified adaptive momentum and line search, then recovers nonlinear high-frequency phase details typically lost in linear solvers. Simulations and experiments on binary and biological phase targets show consistent convergence, elimination of boundary overshoot, and RMSE reductions of over 60% relative to existing iterative solvers, substantially extending the practical defocus range of TIE-based phase retrieval.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 19","pages":"5373-5376"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bipolar photoresponse in a BaTiO3/ZnO heterojunction photodetector for precise light-wavelength discrimination. BaTiO3/ZnO异质结光电探测器的双极光响应，用于精确的光波长识别。
IF 3.3 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.608553
Kai Tang, Jialin Song, Ang Li, Haiming Zhang, Mingming Jiang
{"title":"Bipolar photoresponse in a BaTiO<sub>3</sub>/ZnO heterojunction photodetector for precise light-wavelength discrimination.","authors":"Kai Tang, Jialin Song, Ang Li, Haiming Zhang, Mingming Jiang","doi":"10.1364/OL.608553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.608553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bipolar photoresponse photodetectors enable spectral discrimination and optical logic, but conventional devices often suffer from poor stability and complex fabrication. Here, we report a fully solid-state, chip-scale BaTiO<sub>3</sub>/ZnO heterojunction photodetector with a simple structure, compact size, and precise wavelength discrimination. Under self-powered operation, it selectively detects 330 nm and 395 nm light with positive and negative photocurrents, showing responsivities of 6.7 and -26.1 mA/W, respectively. Fast response and narrow wavelength selectivity (∼67 nm) are achieved via optimized pyroelectric current regulation. The interplay between the photovoltaic effect in the heterojunction and the polarization of the BaTiO<sub>3</sub> is investigated. Finally, a 5 × 5 BaTiO<sub>3</sub>/ZnO array was further demonstrated for encrypted imaging. This work presents a compact, high-performance platform for precise light-wavelength discrimination, optical logic, and secure optical communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 19","pages":"5458-5461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
All-optical microwave signal generation based on a DFB laser self-injection-locked to a fiber Fabry-Perot resonator. 基于光纤法布里-珀罗谐振腔自注入DFB激光器的全光微波信号生成。
IF 3.3 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.612024
Thomas Perriguey, Marco Romanelli, Mehdi Alouini
{"title":"All-optical microwave signal generation based on a DFB laser self-injection-locked to a fiber Fabry-Perot resonator.","authors":"Thomas Perriguey, Marco Romanelli, Mehdi Alouini","doi":"10.1364/OL.612024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.612024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the all-optical generation of a 10.2 GHz microwave signal based on the self-injection locking of a distributed feedback laser to a fiber Fabry-Perot cavity through a passive optical feedback loop. By adjusting the feedback strength, we show that the system can oscillate on one or several modes of the Fabry-Perot cavity. Mode beating is advantageously exploited to generate an optically carried microwave signal whose frequency is set by the free spectral range of the Fabry-Perot. Depending on the laser current and environmental insulation, our table-top setup provides stable single-frequency microwave generation maintained for more than 30 minutes without mode hopping between the closely spaced external cavity modes supported within each Fabry-Perot resonance. The generated microwave signal exhibits a phase noise of -90 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset from the carrier. These results open the way towards the realization of compact photonic microwave signal generation relying purely on optical feedback, without requiring any optoelectronic loop, external modulator, or electrical filter.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 19","pages":"5445-5448"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhanced third-harmonic generation efficiency of Gaussian beams in perovskite gratings supporting momentum-mismatch-driven quasi-bound states in the continuum. 支持连续介质中动量失匹配驱动的准束缚态的钙钛矿光栅中高斯光束三次谐波产生效率的提高。
IF 3.3 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.613619
Hanchen Zhang, Songchao Shen, Runping Fang, Huiyue Liang, Xu Jin, Yue Wu, Xiaoyan Chew, Ang Bian, Mohamed Farhat O Hameed, Jun Dai
{"title":"Enhanced third-harmonic generation efficiency of Gaussian beams in perovskite gratings supporting momentum-mismatch-driven quasi-bound states in the continuum.","authors":"Hanchen Zhang, Songchao Shen, Runping Fang, Huiyue Liang, Xu Jin, Yue Wu, Xiaoyan Chew, Ang Bian, Mohamed Farhat O Hameed, Jun Dai","doi":"10.1364/OL.613619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.613619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two-dimensional metal-halide perovskites have attracted considerable interest in nonlinear optics because of their large third-order nonlinear susceptibilities and strong light-matter interactions. Momentum-mismatch-driven quasi-bound states in the continuum (quasi-BICs), characterized by high <i>Q</i>-factor and strong electromagnetic-field confinement, offer an effective route to enhancing third-harmonic generation (THG). Here, we utilize a momentum-mismatch-driven quasi-BIC grating based on two-dimensional perovskite (BA)<sub>2</sub>PbI<sub>4</sub> and establish the magnetic-dipole-dominated nature of its resonance through band structure, <i>Q</i>-factor, polarization, and multipole analyses. Under plane-wave excitation, we investigate THG enhancement by varying the width. Then we develop a Gaussian-beam excitation model using the angular-spectrum expansion method. Compared with plane-wave excitation, Gaussian-beam excitation yields a lower THG efficiency, because its finite angular spectrum excites off-Γ resonances with reduced <i>Q</i>-factors. Increasing the beam waist gradually restores the THG efficiency toward the plane-wave limit, reaching approximately 90% for beam waists above 165 μm. These results clarify the impact of finite-width excitation on quasi-BIC-enhanced THG and provide guidance for experimental implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 19","pages":"5357-5360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Machine-learning-assisted temperature measurement of localized heated air using femtosecond filament plasma spectroscopy. 机器学习辅助局部加热空气的飞秒丝等离子体光谱温度测量。
IF 3.3 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.609963
Junyi Yin, Xinkun Zhang, Jianhui Han, Anmin Chen, Mingxing Jin
{"title":"Machine-learning-assisted temperature measurement of localized heated air using femtosecond filament plasma spectroscopy.","authors":"Junyi Yin, Xinkun Zhang, Jianhui Han, Anmin Chen, Mingxing Jin","doi":"10.1364/OL.609963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.609963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-contact temperature measurement of localized hot air is useful for thermal-flow and plasma diagnostics. We recorded femtosecond-filament plasma spectra at seven temperatures from 155 to 432°C and analyzed baseline-corrected N<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> spectral intervals normalized to the 357.7 nm N<sub>2</sub> band. Single-peak fitting yielded an RMSE of 18.0°C on a random hold-out set, whereas Gaussian process regression (GPR) achieved an RMSE of 3.3°C, MAE of 2.7°C, and R² of 0.9987. These results demonstrate accurate, target-free temperature estimation of localized heated air under laboratory conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 19","pages":"5542-5545"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental validation of computational sub-aperture fusion wavefront sensing technology. 计算子孔径融合波前传感技术的实验验证。
IF 3.3 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.612789
Xiaosong Wu, Linhai Huang, Youmin Guo, Lanqiang Zhang, Zhaocong Li, Rui Wang, Changhui Rao
{"title":"Experimental validation of computational sub-aperture fusion wavefront sensing technology.","authors":"Xiaosong Wu, Linhai Huang, Youmin Guo, Lanqiang Zhang, Zhaocong Li, Rui Wang, Changhui Rao","doi":"10.1364/OL.612789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.612789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this Letter, we introduce a computational sub-aperture fusion technique for Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing. By incoherently fusing adjacent sub-apertures to emulate large-aperture imaging, this method significantly enhances the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) within individual sub-apertures. Crucially, it decouples the target SNR from the sampling window size, thereby overcoming the conventional design trade-off between sub-aperture SNR and spatial sampling rate. Both online and offline adaptive optics (AO) experiments demonstrate that this approach substantially improves sub-aperture SNR for low-contrast solar extended objects as well as faint point sources. Consequently, it enhances the detection sensitivity for low-SNR targets and extends the operational limits of AO systems. As a purely computational approach, it offers dynamically tunable performance with minimal computational cost and latency, enabling straightforward deployment in existing AO systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 19","pages":"5530-5533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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