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Development of yellow-light TiO2 integrated photonics. 黄光TiO2集成光子学的研究。
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.560919
Zequn Chen, Yiheng Tang, Maoliang Wei, Xiaojing Li, Boshu Sun, Yingchun Wu, Sishuo Zou, Ji Huang, Ke Si, Wei Gong, Hongtao Lin, Lan Li
{"title":"Development of yellow-light TiO<sub>2</sub> integrated photonics.","authors":"Zequn Chen, Yiheng Tang, Maoliang Wei, Xiaojing Li, Boshu Sun, Yingchun Wu, Sishuo Zou, Ji Huang, Ke Si, Wei Gong, Hongtao Lin, Lan Li","doi":"10.1364/OL.560919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.560919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visible-light photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are rapidly emerging as a crucial technology to overcome the scaling challenges in quantum information processing and biosensing. Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>), with its high transparency in the visible range, is regarded as a promising material for facilitating the development of high-performance visible-light integrated systems. In this paper, we introduce a series of passive TiO<sub>2</sub> integrated devices, which include waveguides, multimode interferometers (MMIs), and thermo-optic switches (TOSs), monolithically integrated for the first time to our knowledge at a working wavelength of 589 nm. A propagation loss of 5.46 ± 0.17 dB/cm demonstrates a significant improvement over previous reports on yellow-light TiO<sub>2</sub> waveguides. This study marks the first fabrication of a TOS operating at 589 nm, featuring a TiO<sub>2</sub> core and polymer cladding. Notably, it achieves a power consumption (P<sub>π</sub>) of 8.24 mW, which represents a threefold reduction compared to silicon nitride-based TOSs operating in the visible spectrum. These results offer new insight into the design and fabrication of visible waveguide-integrated devices, paving the way for future emerging applications, such as quantum information, sensors, and biomedical science.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 11","pages":"3489-3492"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hybridization of edge modes with substrate phonons. 边缘模式与衬底声子的杂化。
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.563799
Azat F Aminov, Alexey A Sokolik
{"title":"Hybridization of edge modes with substrate phonons.","authors":"Azat F Aminov, Alexey A Sokolik","doi":"10.1364/OL.563799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.563799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surface plasmons or phonons propagating on a two-dimensional (2D) material can exhibit coupling with resonant excitations in its substrate, and the resulting coupled modes were extensively studied. Similar coupling of edge modes propagating along a boundary of the 2D material with substrate excitations remains unexplored. This paper aims to bridge this gap by investigating the edge-substrate hybrid modes using the exact Wiener-Hopf analytical approach. We analyze dispersions, decay rate, and confinement of such hybrid modes both without magnetic field (plasmon-phonon and phonon-phonon hybrid modes) and in a quantizing magnetic field where edge magnetoplasmons hybridize with substrate phonons. The hybrid modes are predicted to occur in THz and far-IR ranges for several combinations of quasi-2D materials (single- and bilayer graphene, quantum wells, thin-film semiconductors) and substrates with polar-phonon resonances.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 11","pages":"3728-3731"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of carrier injection and recombination on the -3 dB bandwidth for GaN-based VCSELs. 载波注入和重组对gan基vcsel - 3db带宽的影响。
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.562956
Deyi Zhai, Kangkai Tian, Chunshuang Chu, Yonghui Zhang, Quan Zheng, Qing Li, Zi-Hui Zhang
{"title":"Impact of carrier injection and recombination on the -3 dB bandwidth for GaN-based VCSELs.","authors":"Deyi Zhai, Kangkai Tian, Chunshuang Chu, Yonghui Zhang, Quan Zheng, Qing Li, Zi-Hui Zhang","doi":"10.1364/OL.562956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.562956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we investigate the impact of the carrier transport and recombination on frequency response capability for GaN-based vertical-cavity-surface-emitting laser diodes (VCSELs). The carrier transport and recombination are manipulated by using composition-gradient quantum barriers and a p-type electron-blocking layer. The alloy composition-gradient approach is able to generate polarization bulk charges that favor the polarization self-screening effect to reduce the electric field at heterojunctions. This on the one hand suppresses the quantum confined Stark effect to increase the stimulated recombination rate in the active region. On the other hand, the Al-gradient design enables the decreased electron leakage level. Our results show that the -3 dB bandwidth can be improved either when the stimulated radiative recombination lifetime gets decreased or the escape time for electrons becomes long. As a result, the -3 dB bandwidth can be mostly increased by both decreasing the electron leakage level and increasing the stimulated radiative recombination rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 11","pages":"3720-3723"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On-chip arbitrary dispersion engineering with deep photonic networks. 片上任意色散工程与深度光子网络。
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.564441
Kazim Gorgulu, Aycan Deniz Vit, Ali Najjar Amiri, Emir Salih Magden
{"title":"On-chip arbitrary dispersion engineering with deep photonic networks.","authors":"Kazim Gorgulu, Aycan Deniz Vit, Ali Najjar Amiri, Emir Salih Magden","doi":"10.1364/OL.564441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.564441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We demonstrate the design and optimization of on-chip arbitrary dispersion profiles using deep photonic networks constructed from custom-designed Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). These photonic networks employ optimizable waveguide tapers, enabling precise engineering of wavelength-dependent dispersion profiles. We experimentally demonstrate a proof-of-concept two-port photonic network that exhibits a highly nonintuitive triangular dispersion profile over the wavelength range of 1.54 μm-1.58 μm while simultaneously achieving a flatband transmission with an insertion loss of less than 0.7 dB. We also illustrate the potential of multi-port photonic networks to enhance design freedom for more complex and customizable dispersion profiles, enabling new possibilities for on-chip dispersion engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 11","pages":"3780-3783"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optical dispersion of a metallic VO2 film in the near-IR range. 金属VO2薄膜在近红外范围内的光学色散。
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.561020
Zhouyuan Yan, Ivan M Kislyakov, Xun Cao, Yafeng Xie, Sen Jin, Yan Wang, Zixin Wang, Anastasia V Venediktova, Ningning Dong, Jiajing He, Jun Wang
{"title":"Optical dispersion of a metallic VO<sub>2</sub> film in the near-IR range.","authors":"Zhouyuan Yan, Ivan M Kislyakov, Xun Cao, Yafeng Xie, Sen Jin, Yan Wang, Zixin Wang, Anastasia V Venediktova, Ningning Dong, Jiajing He, Jun Wang","doi":"10.1364/OL.561020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.561020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A vanadium dioxide (VO<sub>2</sub>) film on glass, when continuously heated to 350 K, exhibits self-focusing and saturable absorption behavior toward femtosecond radiation in the near-infrared range, indicative of an electronic response rather than a thermo-optical effect. Using the Adomian decomposition method (ADM), we developed four nonlinear optical models with different saturation intensity coefficients to analyze open-aperture Z-scan measurements. Our results show significant contributions from both bound and free electrons to the nonlinear susceptibility, with the bound-electron nonlinear refractive index ∼<b><i>n</i></b><sub>2</sub> (350 K) = 1.69 ± 0.19 cm<sup>2</sup>/TW and the free-carrier part ∼<sub><b><i>r</i></b></sub> (350 K) = 1.2·10<sup>-22</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>. These findings are crucial for designing all-optical phase modulation devices and essential for advanced optical components such as switches, modulators, and sensors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 11","pages":"3580-3583"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Defect-assisted Auger recombination in graphitic carbon nitride revealed by excitation-density-dependent transient absorption spectroscopy. 利用激发-密度依赖的瞬态吸收光谱揭示石墨氮化碳中缺陷辅助的俄歇复合。
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.561764
Tianqi Gao, Ziyu Wei, Shilin Gao, Jundong Shi, Jianhui Sun
{"title":"Defect-assisted Auger recombination in graphitic carbon nitride revealed by excitation-density-dependent transient absorption spectroscopy.","authors":"Tianqi Gao, Ziyu Wei, Shilin Gao, Jundong Shi, Jianhui Sun","doi":"10.1364/OL.561764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.561764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Defect-assisted Auger recombination in graphitic carbon nitride (CN) is systematically elucidated using excitation-density-dependent femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (fs-TAS). The band-edge state of CN is demonstrated to exhibit a twofold degeneracy, originating from electronic transitions between symmetry-equivalent exciton states formed by conjugated π-orbitals. Quantitative analysis of the π-orbital exciton recombination kinetics by a rate equation resolves three distinct photocarrier relaxation pathways: monomolecular trapping, bimolecular recombination, and defect-assisted Auger recombination. The photocarrier kinetics accelerates nonlinearly as the excitation densities increase, revealing the dominance of the Auger recombination under intense photoexcitation. Notably, the extracted Auger recombination coefficient on thermally treated CN (TTCN) is significantly reduced by an order of magnitude compared to that of pristine CN (PCN), mainly attributing to the deactivation of the defect states by crystallinity enhancement. These findings establish a comprehensive kinetic framework for defect-mediated Auger recombination in graphitic CN, offering critical guidance to advance its applications for photoelectric conversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 11","pages":"3792-3795"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Digital multi-wavelength optical absolute ranging. 数字多波长光学绝对测距。
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.562103
Shawn McSorley, Benjamin P Dix-Matthews, Andrew M Lance, David R Gozzard, Sascha W Schediwy
{"title":"Digital multi-wavelength optical absolute ranging.","authors":"Shawn McSorley, Benjamin P Dix-Matthews, Andrew M Lance, David R Gozzard, Sascha W Schediwy","doi":"10.1364/OL.562103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.562103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optical metrology underpins sensing applications that require extreme precision and accuracy. Optical metrology with a continuous-wave source is constrained by the near-ambiguous range of one optical wavelength, limiting the realization of full interferometric sensitivity. We present a digitally tunable, multi-wavelength continuous-wave optical phase measurement scheme, which can be used for absolute laser ranging. This system was demonstrated over a free-space link on an optical bench, with a distance uncertainty of, at best, 0.2 μm-sufficient to resolve the continuous-wave optical fringe. This design is flexible and can be applied to both coherent optical ranging and optical time and frequency transfer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 11","pages":"3764-3767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhanced Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor with propagation correction for freeform mirror measurement. 用于自由镜面测量的带有传播校正的增强型Shack-Hartmann波前传感器。
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.560825
Xuao Yin, Peng Chen, Xiaorui Ma, Yunjie Wu, Qiang Cheng, Shixiang Wang, Lingbao Kong
{"title":"Enhanced Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor with propagation correction for freeform mirror measurement.","authors":"Xuao Yin, Peng Chen, Xiaorui Ma, Yunjie Wu, Qiang Cheng, Shixiang Wang, Lingbao Kong","doi":"10.1364/OL.560825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.560825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS) is widely used due to its efficiency and reliability. Its accuracy in freeform mirror measurement is limited by wavefront propagation distortions and inaccuracies in conventional reflection mapping models. This Letter presents a propagation-correction SHWS (PC-SHWS) to address these challenges. The proposed method establishes a wavefront propagation-correction model (PC model) that combines wavefront backward tracing and phase-conjugate reflection wavefront mapping. Both simulations and experiments confirm the enhanced accuracy and stability of the proposed approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 11","pages":"3708-3711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-sensitivity simultaneously distributed acoustic and temperature sensing by an air-ring microstructured optical fiber. 基于空气环微结构光纤的高灵敏度同时分布声温传感。
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.557669
Jialong Li, Huanhuan Liu, Yihong Xiao, Yuhang Xie, Weixuan Zhang, Hong Dang, Defeng Zou, Aoyan Zhang, Gangding Peng, Yixin Zhang, Tianyu Yang, Yuming Dong, Perry Ping Shum
{"title":"High-sensitivity simultaneously distributed acoustic and temperature sensing by an air-ring microstructured optical fiber.","authors":"Jialong Li, Huanhuan Liu, Yihong Xiao, Yuhang Xie, Weixuan Zhang, Hong Dang, Defeng Zou, Aoyan Zhang, Gangding Peng, Yixin Zhang, Tianyu Yang, Yuming Dong, Perry Ping Shum","doi":"10.1364/OL.557669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.557669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sensing fiber plays a critical role in distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) as it functions as a transducer, converting external acoustic signals into optical signals that can be detected and measured. However, temperature variations significantly impact the accuracy and reliability of acoustic measurements, posing a notable challenge to DAS performance. Previous solutions have employed additional spectral-domain demodulation using ultra-weak fiber Bragg gratings or a Raman-based system, which considerably hinder real-time distributed demodulation and increase system complexity. Here, we have proposed an air-ring microstructured optical fiber (AR-MOF) to replace standard single-mode fiber in DAS system, by leveraging the air-hole microstructure to enhance elastic-optic, strain-optic, thermo-optic, and thermal expansion properties. Simultaneously distributed acoustic and temperature sensing has been achieved with an acoustic sensitivity of -126.38 dB <i>re</i> rad/μPa at 3 kHz and a temperature sensitivity of 263.02 rad/°C within 32.0°C-42.0°C. The results highlight its potential for advanced applications, such as early-stage acoustic and thermal anomalies in oil and gas pipelines leakage.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 11","pages":"3608-3611"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Low blaze angle grating for fully dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. 全色散x射线光谱学低火焰角光栅。
IF 3.1 2区 物理与天体物理
Optics letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1364/OL.561082
D L Voronov, S Park, A Islegen-Wojdyla, F Salmassi, H A Padmore
{"title":"Low blaze angle grating for fully dispersive x-ray spectroscopy.","authors":"D L Voronov, S Park, A Islegen-Wojdyla, F Salmassi, H A Padmore","doi":"10.1364/OL.561082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.561082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We demonstrate fabrication of an ultra-low blaze angle (LBA) grating designed for time-resolved spectroscopy in the x-ray region. A blaze angle of 0.12° was achieved by the groove depth reduction process providing a perfect saw-tooth shape of the grooves. The 200 lines/mm LBA grating exhibited high diffraction efficiency at a photon energy of 8 KeV. Use in a spectrometer would open up dispersive x-ray absorption spectroscopy across a wide energy range including the K edges of 3d transition metals, with much greater efficiency than traditional crystal spectrometers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 11","pages":"3565-3567"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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