{"title":"Deep learning-based temporal deconvolution for photon time-of-flight distribution retrieval.","authors":"Vikas Pandey, Ismail Erbas, Xavier Michalet, Arin Ulku, Claudio Bruschini, Edoardo Charbon, Margarida Barroso, Xavier Intes","doi":"10.1364/OL.533923","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.533923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The acquisition of the time of flight (ToF) of photons has found numerous applications in the biomedical field. Over the last decades, a few strategies have been proposed to deconvolve the temporal instrument response function (IRF) that distorts the experimental time-resolved data. However, these methods require burdensome computational strategies and regularization terms to mitigate noise contributions. Herein, we propose a deep learning model specifically to perform the deconvolution task in fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLI). The model is trained and validated with representative simulated FLI data with the goal of retrieving the true photon ToF distribution. Its performance and robustness are validated with well-controlled in vitro experiments using three time-resolved imaging modalities with markedly different temporal IRFs. The model aptitude is further established with in vivo preclinical investigation. Overall, these in vitro and in vivo validations demonstrate the flexibility and accuracy of deep learning model-based deconvolution in time-resolved FLI and diffuse optical imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6457-6460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.538165
Guangru B Liang, Shuibin Ni, Tristan T Hormel, John C Morrison, Diana C Lozano, Yifan Jian, J Peter Campbell, Yali Jia
{"title":"112° field of view high-resolution swept-source OCT angiography for rat retinas.","authors":"Guangru B Liang, Shuibin Ni, Tristan T Hormel, John C Morrison, Diana C Lozano, Yifan Jian, J Peter Campbell, Yali Jia","doi":"10.1364/OL.538165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.538165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study introduces an ultra-wide field (UWF) and high-resolution swept-source optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA) system for rat retinal imaging. Using an asymmetrical optics design, the system achieves unprecedented details of retinal structures and vascular plexuses over a large field of view (112°) in a single-shot acquisition. Views of single-nerve fiber bundles and single capillary vessels are consistently visible over a 112° field of view. The system has a long imaging range and high penetration and allows a full view of vitreous hyaloid vessels, retina, choroid, sclera, and posterior ciliary arteries, down to sub-sclera connective tissues. In a longitudinal study of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) in rats, the system successfully revealed the progression and regression of OIR-related vascular pathologies, such as ischemia, neovascularization, and tortuosity. To our knowledge, this novel UWF-OCT/OCTA prototype designed for rat retinal imaging will be a vital tool for monitoring disease progression and evaluating therapeutic interventions in preclinical models.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6449-6452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.539499
Ze Chen, Shi-Yu Peng, Zhi-Hai Zhang, Jianli Liu, Yang Meng
{"title":"Goos-Hänchen shift for an Airyprime beam.","authors":"Ze Chen, Shi-Yu Peng, Zhi-Hai Zhang, Jianli Liu, Yang Meng","doi":"10.1364/OL.539499","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.539499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We propose a comprehensive theory to analyze the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift for an arbitrarily polarized Airyprime beam reflected at the air-dielectric interface. We derive general expressions for the spatial and angular GH shifts and establish a close relationship between the GH shift of the Airyprime beam and the GH shift of the Airy beam. We also predict the novel optical effects of a significantly enhanced spatial GH shift and an almost disappeared angular GH shift when the horizontally polarized Airyprime beam is reflected near Brewster's angle.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6453-6456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.538386
Jindong Ma, Menglong Ma, Huanhuan Liu, Perry Ping Shum
{"title":"Low-noise 2-GHz figure-9 fiber laser based on passive harmonic mode-locking.","authors":"Jindong Ma, Menglong Ma, Huanhuan Liu, Perry Ping Shum","doi":"10.1364/OL.538386","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.538386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have proposed and demonstrated the generation of a high-repetition-rate ultrashort pulse with long-term stability and low noise based on a harmonic mode-locked (HML) figure-9 fiber laser. Different HML orders from the 2nd to the 13th are generated by adjusting the pump power, net dispersion, and wave plate angles. A 2-GHz HML pulse is obtained with a 155-MHz fundamental repetition rate in a Yb-doped fiber laser, and the corresponding supermode suppression level is as high as 50 dB. The average power of the output pulse is nearly 200 mW, and the compressed pulse duration is 535 fs. To the best of our knowledge, 2 GHz and 196 mW represent, respectively, the highest repetition rate and output power in a figure-9 fiber laser. This work offers a potential pathway to achieve high-repetition-rate ultrashort pulses in the GHz range with high power and low noise levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6401-6404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.539100
Ming Gong, Li Liu, Jinxiang Du, Bailin Zhuang, Jiamin Liu, Honggang Gu, Shiyuan Liu
{"title":"Ptychographic Mueller matrix imaging (PMMI): principle and proof-of-concept demonstration.","authors":"Ming Gong, Li Liu, Jinxiang Du, Bailin Zhuang, Jiamin Liu, Honggang Gu, Shiyuan Liu","doi":"10.1364/OL.539100","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.539100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantitative characterization of optical anisotropies is extremely important for wide fields and applications. The Mueller matrix, providing all the polarization-related properties of a medium, is a powerful tool for the comprehensive evaluation of optical anisotropies. Here, we propose a ptychographic Mueller matrix imaging (PMMI) technique, which features the Mueller matrix polarization modulation being introduced into the ptychography. The ptychographic reconstruction is performed for each polarization state, and the Mueller matrix can be determined from the reconstructed polarization-modulated amplitude images. A proof-of-concept of the proposed PMMI is implemented, and both simulations and experiments are conducted to demonstrate the validity of the method. Results indicate that the imaging resolution of the home-built PMMI apparatus achieves 1.550 µm at the wavelength of 633 nm, which is of the highest level for the Mueller matrix imaging to the best of our knowledge. A customized birefringent specimen is characterized, and both retardance and axis azimuth are quantitatively evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6409-6412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.537612
Yifan Liu, Cheng-You Yao, Timothy M Rambo, Bo Li, Aniwat Juhong, Jeremy S Doredla, Gary D Luker, Ming Han, Aaron J Miller, Zhen Qiu
{"title":"Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector enhanced near-infrared II portable confocal microscopy for tissue imaging with indocyanine green.","authors":"Yifan Liu, Cheng-You Yao, Timothy M Rambo, Bo Li, Aniwat Juhong, Jeremy S Doredla, Gary D Luker, Ming Han, Aaron J Miller, Zhen Qiu","doi":"10.1364/OL.537612","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.537612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this Letter a novel, to our knowledge, approach for near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence portable confocal microscopy is introduced, aiming to enhance fluorescence imaging of biological samples in the NIR-II window. By integrating a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) into a confocal microscopy, we have significantly leveraged the detection efficiency of the NIR-II fluorescence signal from indocyanine green (ICG), an FDA-approved dye known for its NIR-II fluorescence capabilities. The SNSPD, characterized by its extremely low dark count rate and optimized NIR system detection efficiency, enables the excitation of ICG with 1 mW and the capture of low-light fluorescence signals from deep regions (up to 512 µm). Consequently, our technique was able to produce high-resolution images of bio samples with a superior signal-to-noise ratio, making a substantial advancement in the field of fluorescence microscopy and offering a promising opportunity for future clinical study.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6349-6352"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Viewing angle controller using two parallel alignment liquid crystal cells for automotive systems.","authors":"Zihan Zhou, Wenxin Lu, Rui Niu, Ruolong Lin, Hongmei Ma, Yubao Sun","doi":"10.1364/OL.539810","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.539810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We proposed a viewing angle controller (VAC) for car co-driver displays (CDDs). This VAC, integrated with the co-driver display, provides necessary information to the co-driver while minimizing driver distraction. It comprises two parallel alignment liquid crystal cells and two negative C films. It maintains a wide viewing angle without an applied voltage, and it can achieve an anti-peeping angle of 35° (simulation) and 30° (experiment) under an appropriate voltage, effectively blocking the driver's direct-view light intensity from CDD and reflect-view light intensity from the side window, which can reduce the driver's attention. This VAC maintains excellent light transmittance at a normal direction and symmetrical brightness in both privacy and share modes, making it suitable for various in-vehicle displays. Those results indicate that this VAC can be broadly applied in automotive displays to enhance driving safety and improve co-driver entertainment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6545-6548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.539700
Zhuohang Wei, Kun Huang, Jianan Fang, Heping Zeng
{"title":"Mid-infrared edge-enhanced imaging via angle-selective nonlinear filtering.","authors":"Zhuohang Wei, Kun Huang, Jianan Fang, Heping Zeng","doi":"10.1364/OL.539700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.539700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, scheme for mid-infrared upconversion imaging with high tunability between bright-field and edge-enhanced modalities. The involved engineering of the nonlinear process favors shaping the optical transfer function of the imaging system. Consequently, a nonlinear angle-selective filter can be configured to perform an all-optical Fourier processing of the image, which highly depends on phase-matching parameters. We numerically demonstrate the ability to switch modalities between the bright-field and edge-enhanced imaging by tuning the crystal temperature and simultaneously acquiring both information by dichromatic illumination. Notably, the achieved reconfigurability is realized without changing the imaging settings, which contrasts with previous instantiations based on pump adaptation. Therefore, the proposed architecture of upconversion imagers would pave a novel way to implement layout-compact and all-optical processing for infrared images.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6373-6376"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1364/OL.542939
Hanting Ding, Chao Chen, Yu Yu
{"title":"Miniaturized on-chip optical differentiator based on 2F-structured metasurfaces.","authors":"Hanting Ding, Chao Chen, Yu Yu","doi":"10.1364/OL.542939","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.542939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Analog optical computing based on Fourier optics has attracted ever-growing attention, offering unprecedented low power consumption and high parallelism computation at the speed of light. Typically, classical optical 4F systems have been widely employed as one of the most common approaches for analog optical computing. However, most existing schemes replicate the original architecture relying on two Fourier transforms and one spatial-frequency filtering, resulting in bulky size and complex structure. Here, we propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, on-chip 2F structure that achieves ultra-miniaturized optical analog computing. Taking advantage of the exceptional design flexibility of metasurfaces, we reduce the optical path length through a combination of phase compensation and complex amplitude modulation, thereby significantly simplifying the system structure without sacrificing accuracy compared to the traditional 4F system. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we design and fabricate an on-chip optical differentiator on a silicon-on-insulator platform, achieving 84.01% and 79.81% differentiation accuracy in simulation and experiment, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6585-6588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frequency shift caused by a magnetic field and light intensity inhomogeneity in an optically detected clock.","authors":"Yuanhao Li, Chen Liu, Sifei Chen, Lifeng Fan, Hangzhe Lyu, Chen Feng, Jian Duan, Yanhui Wang","doi":"10.1364/OL.538126","DOIUrl":"10.1364/OL.538126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a novel, to the best of our knowledge, frequency shift mechanism in the optically detected atomic clock. This frequency shift is analogous to the light shift that is associated with a detecting light power. However, this shift arises from the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field (C-field) and the detecting light intensity. We call this shift the \"pseudo-light shift\" (p-LS). This shift allows the correlation between the clock output frequency and the detecting light power to switch between positive and negative, depending on the magnetic field. The mechanism is described and experimentally validated in our cesium beam clock through two experiments. The study of this frequency shift can enhance the accuracy of light shift assessments in atom-laser interaction systems and suppress long-term stability deterioration caused by the light power fluctuation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"49 22","pages":"6481-6484"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}