Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.557864
Timothée Vene, Laurent M Mugnier, Aurélie Montmerle-Bonnefois, Jean-Marc Conan
{"title":"Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor slope measurement algorithm robust to scintillation and sensor saturation.","authors":"Timothée Vene, Laurent M Mugnier, Aurélie Montmerle-Bonnefois, Jean-Marc Conan","doi":"10.1364/OL.557864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.557864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High throughput optical communication links require the use of adaptive optics (AO) to compensate for atmospheric turbulence even in strong perturbation conditions and at low elevation. Considering the intensity fluctuations brought by scintillation, we present a new slope measurement algorithm for the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWFS), based on a joint maximum likelihood approach. We show that this estimator is robust to sensor saturation and widens by more than two orders of magnitude the intensity range exploitable for reliable slope measurements compared to classical algorithms. Consequently, by increasing the intensity assigned to the wavefront sensor, we also increase the number of valid measurements despite sensor saturation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 9","pages":"2950-2953"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pound-Drever-Hall stabilized single-frequency diamond Raman laser with sub-10 kHz linewidth.","authors":"Hui Chen, Wenqiang Fan, Yunpeng Cai, Junhong Chen, Zeqian Liu, Jie Ding, Yaoyao Qi, Bingzheng Yan, Yulei Wang, Zhiwei Lu, Zhenxu Bai","doi":"10.1364/OL.562705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.562705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Benefiting from the exceptional properties of diamond crystals and the absence of spatial hole burning in stimulated Raman scattering, diamond Raman lasers (DRLs) are effective materials for achieving a single longitudinal mode laser output at specific wavelengths. The use of resonant pumping techniques can yield a low-threshold single longitudinal mode DRL output. However, the polarization dependence of the Raman gain in diamond and the birefringence induced by high-power lasers affect the output stability and single longitudinal mode characteristics of Hänsch-Couillaud (HC) frequency-stabilized DRLs. To achieve a highly stable, narrow-linewidth DRL output, this study, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, employed polarization-insensitive Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) frequency stabilization technology to resonantly pump an external cavity standing-wave diamond Raman oscillator. By using a narrow-linewidth 1064 nm laser as the pump source and locking the cavity length to the pump frequency, a single longitudinal mode 1240 nm first Stokes laser output of 1.3 W was achieved at a maximum pump power of 8 W. The corresponding center wavelength drift and the RMS of output power over 10 min were 25 MHz and 1.87%, respectively. Additionally, the linewidth of the Stokes laser at a maximum output power is 8.8 kHz, representing the first experimental characterization, to our knowledge, of DRL linewidth under resonant pumping conditions. This work demonstrates that DRLs possess significant advantages and potential for achieving a high-power, high-frequency-stability, narrow-linewidth laser output.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 9","pages":"3046-3049"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compact, widely tunable ultrashort burst pulse generator using four mirrors.","authors":"Rikako Tanaka, Keitaro Shimada, Ayumu Ishijima, Etsuko Kobayashi, Hideharu Mikami, Ichiro Sakuma, Keiichi Nakagawa","doi":"10.1364/OL.557473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.557473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrashort burst laser pulses serve as powerful tools for precise laser processing, broadband ultrafast spectroscopy, and high-speed laser-scanning microscopy. However, the performance of conventional burst pulse generators is limited by constraints in the pulse time interval variability, pulse energy variability, pulse number variability, and overall system complexity. Here, we present a compact burst pulse generator that offers a broad tuning range for pulse time intervals, along with control over the number of pulses and pulse energies within the burst. It consists of four mirrors, two of which are parallel to each other, and outputs pulses that are equally spaced both temporally and spatially. We demonstrated the generation of a burst laser pulse by shaping a single ultrashort laser pulse into six pulses with time intervals ranging from femtoseconds to nanoseconds. The pulse time intervals and energies were consistent with theoretical results.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 9","pages":"2906-2909"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Femtosecond laser fabrication metasurface emitter for multispectral camouflage.","authors":"Mengdan Qian, Junlong Yuan, Shuwen Zheng, Yue Liu, Yufang Liu, Kun Yu","doi":"10.1364/OL.555960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.555960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The powerful electromagnetic capability of a metasurface makes it a good candidate for thermal emission manipulation toward promising infrared (IR) camouflage and thermal management technology. Here, a metasurface-based infrared is fabricated to achieve multispectral camouflage as well as radiative cooling simultaneously. Cross-scale processing on metal-dielectric composite films is successfully achieved by femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW), which is proven to be an efficient and feasible technique in metasurface fabrication. The prepared emitter exhibits low emissivity (ɛ<sub>3-5</sub> <sub>μm </sub>= 0.32, ɛ<sub>8-14</sub> <sub>μm </sub>= 0.31) in atmospheric windows but high absorption in 10.6 μm so that it can effectively evade the tracking of infrared detectors and laser radars. Besides, the emitter also has high emissivity in the undetected band (<sub>ɛ5-8</sub> <sub>μm </sub>= 0.66) to dissipate possible heat accumulation. The proposed metasurface design and fabrication method empowers new ideas for the generation of optical devices toward multispectral camouflage and radiative cooling compatibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 9","pages":"2792-2795"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.559937
Yixuan Wu, Yu Liu, Jianhe Yang, Shaohua Tao
{"title":"Reconfiguration of orbital angular momentum via circularly polarized multi-focal spin-to-orbit conversion.","authors":"Yixuan Wu, Yu Liu, Jianhe Yang, Shaohua Tao","doi":"10.1364/OL.559937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.559937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circularly polarized light (CPL), when tightly focused, can generate longitudinal spin-induced orbital angular momentum (OAM) through spin-to-orbit conversion (STOC). While STOC in single-focal systems is well studied, multi-focal STOC remains underexplored. In this Letter, we proposed a multi-focal STOC strategy that leverages tightly focused CPL to generate longitudinal OAM at each focal point. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that reducing the distance between foci induces nonlinear coupling, transforming independent OAMs into a unified OAM state rather than a linear simple superposition. By increasing the number of foci in a ring-symmetric arrangement, we found that the spin angular momentum (SAM) of CPL can be converted into longitudinal OAM distributed along the entire ring. Optical tweezer experiments using non-birefringent dielectric particles confirm the feasibility of the multi-focal STOC strategy, providing direct evidence of OAM-driven rotation independent of SAM. This study reveals a unique method for STOC in multi-focal ring-symmetric structures and offers insights and methods for precision optical manipulation and optical communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 9","pages":"2832-2835"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust channel estimation in optical OFDM via IQ separation pulse compression noise rejection.","authors":"Kunping Luo, Guo-Wei Lu, Zhouyi Hu, Hongbo Chen, Hiromu Sato, Shiyoshi Yokoyama","doi":"10.1364/OL.558876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.558876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We introduce an innovative channel estimation technique, in-phase and quadrature separation pulse compression noise rejection (IQS-PCNR), for intensity modulation and direct detection (IMDD) optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. IQS-PCNR uses pulse compression to estimate the channel impulse response (CIR) and employs a noise rejection window to mitigate residual noise, resulting in significant performance improvements. Experimental results show that IQS-PCNR outperforms conventional methods, such as least squares (LS) and intra-symbol frequency-domain averaging (ISFA), while preserving comparable complexity. Specifically, IQS-PCNR provides a 2.87 dB and 0.61 dB enhancement in optical receiver sensitivity, along with a 3.65 Gbps and 1.85 Gbps increase in achievable bitrate at the hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) threshold of 3.8 × 10<sup>-3</sup>, after transmission over a 2-km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) link, compared to LS and ISFA, respectively. Additionally, IQS-PCNR enables the generation of real pilot signals with greater hardware efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 9","pages":"2896-2899"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.557874
Nannan Zhang, Jian Xing, Shuanglong Cui, Lingzhi Wang
{"title":"Multispectral radiation thermometry method based on a multi-branch convolutional model.","authors":"Nannan Zhang, Jian Xing, Shuanglong Cui, Lingzhi Wang","doi":"10.1364/OL.557874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.557874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multispectral temperature measurement is affected by unknown emissivity, and there is no algorithm that can ignore the influence of emissivity and be applicable to all materials. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a multispectral radiation thermometry method based on a multi-branch convolutional model. The core of this method is an improved multi-branch convolutional network model, which includes branches of inversion temperature, wavelength, voltage ratio, emissivity, and reference temperature. Through feature extraction and interaction, prediction results are obtained. For newly generated data sets, the maximum absolute error in simulation experiments is controlled at a level not higher than 7 K. In the prediction of actual rocket experiments, the maximum error is 9.13 K. This result indicates that the model has good generalization ability. More importantly, the model has broad applicability and can adapt to various materials and different emissivity models, providing what we believe to be new research ideas and directions for the field of multispectral radiation thermometry and is expected to promote further breakthroughs in both theory and practice in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 9","pages":"2914-2917"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient misalignment correction for annular LED arrays in intensity diffraction tomography.","authors":"Ruizhi Zhu, Wenjie Zou, Runnan Zhang, Zihao Zhou, Jiasong Sun, Qian Chen, Ning Zhou, Chao Zuo","doi":"10.1364/OL.557164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.557164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intensity diffraction tomography (IDT) is a powerful label-free 3D microscopy technique capable of reconstructing the 3D refractive index (RI) of biological samples using angled programmable illumination and computational algorithms. Despite its potential for high spatiotemporal resolution imaging, its practical performance is highly sensitive to precise alignment between experimental setups and algorithmic models. In this Letter, we present an efficient misalignment correction method for annular LED arrays in IDT (mcIDT), incorporating an improved Fourier-Mellin transform (FMT) algorithm with enhanced noise resistance for wavelength and positional corrections. Furthermore, a global positional misalignment model is optimized using the least squares method, enabling robust correction even in the presence of significant misalignments. By integrating algorithmic \"calibration\" with physical position \"correction,\" mcIDT significantly enhances both the resolution and accuracy of 3D RI reconstruction. Experimental results on resolution targets and biological samples, such as HepG2 and C166 cells, demonstrate its superior resolution and robustness in label-free, high spatiotemporal resolution 3D volumetric imaging. The proposed mcIDT offers a flexible and efficient solution for label-free computational microscopy across diverse biological and industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 9","pages":"2880-2883"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics lettersPub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1364/OL.560753
Qian Song, Qing Huo Liu, Wen Chen
{"title":"Ghost imaging through abruptly changing complex scattering in dynamic media.","authors":"Qian Song, Qing Huo Liu, Wen Chen","doi":"10.1364/OL.560753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.560753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ghost imaging (GI) in harsh environments is well recognized to be challenging, e.g., through abruptly changing complex scattering in dynamic media. Physically induced dynamic and nonlinear scaling factors make the collected single-pixel light intensities distorted, leading to a failure of ghost reconstruction. In this Letter, a new method, to the best of our knowledge, i.e., convolution-based polynomial estimation, is proposed to correct the realizations in GI through abruptly changing complex scattering in dynamic media. The method is developed to eliminate the severe mismatch between a series of illumination patterns and the realizations. Numerical simulations and optical experiments are conducted to show the high robustness and superiority of the proposed method, and high-resolution ghost reconstruction can always be achieved. It is illustrated that the influence of abruptly changing complex scattering in dynamic media is effectively suppressed in GI. The proposed method can offer a solution for GI to retrieve object information in harsh environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 9","pages":"3010-3013"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}