{"title":"Improved finite-size analysis for measurement-device-independent quantum digital signatures.","authors":"Jia-Li Zhu, Chun-Hui Zhang, Qin Wang","doi":"10.1364/OL.569676","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantum digital signatures (QDS), based on the principles of quantum mechanics, provide information-theoretic security, ensuring the integrity, authenticity, and non-repudiation of data transmission. With current QDS protocols, measurement-device-independent QDS (MDI-QDS) can resist all attacks on detections, yet it suffers from finite-size effect. In previous schemes, the SOB-PE model is commonly adopted, in which the main idea is to sign only one bit at one time, resulting in a low signature rate. To solve this problem, we propose two parameter estimation models (SMB1-PE, SMB2-PE) for finite-size analysis to improve the performance. SMB1-PE and SMB2-PE models use<i>X</i>-basis or <i>Z</i>-basis data, respectively, to estimate the single-photon contributions of <i>Z</i>-basis. Simulation results show that SMB1-PE is least affected by the finite-size effect, effectively enhancing the signature rate. Therefore, our present can provide valuable references for practical applications of QDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"50 19","pages":"6245-6248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Optics letters","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.569676","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OPTICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Quantum digital signatures (QDS), based on the principles of quantum mechanics, provide information-theoretic security, ensuring the integrity, authenticity, and non-repudiation of data transmission. With current QDS protocols, measurement-device-independent QDS (MDI-QDS) can resist all attacks on detections, yet it suffers from finite-size effect. In previous schemes, the SOB-PE model is commonly adopted, in which the main idea is to sign only one bit at one time, resulting in a low signature rate. To solve this problem, we propose two parameter estimation models (SMB1-PE, SMB2-PE) for finite-size analysis to improve the performance. SMB1-PE and SMB2-PE models useX-basis or Z-basis data, respectively, to estimate the single-photon contributions of Z-basis. Simulation results show that SMB1-PE is least affected by the finite-size effect, effectively enhancing the signature rate. Therefore, our present can provide valuable references for practical applications of QDS.
期刊介绍：
The Optical Society (OSA) publishes high-quality, peer-reviewed articles in its portfolio of journals, which serve the full breadth of the optics and photonics community.
Optics Letters offers rapid dissemination of new results in all areas of optics with short, original, peer-reviewed communications. Optics Letters covers the latest research in optical science, including optical measurements, optical components and devices, atmospheric optics, biomedical optics, Fourier optics, integrated optics, optical processing, optoelectronics, lasers, nonlinear optics, optical storage and holography, optical coherence, polarization, quantum electronics, ultrafast optical phenomena, photonic crystals, and fiber optics. Criteria used in determining acceptability of contributions include newsworthiness to a substantial part of the optics community and the effect of rapid publication on the research of others. This journal, published twice each month, is where readers look for the latest discoveries in optics.
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