Open Forum Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Characterizing Musculoskeletal Sequelae in Ebola Virus Survivors During the 7 Years Since Hospital Discharge in Eastern Sierra Leone.","authors":"Anna C Sanford, Nell G Bond, Emily J Engel, Foday Alhasan, Michael Gbakie, Fatima Kamara, Lansana Kanneh, Ibrahim Mustapha, Mohamed Yillah, Donald Grant, Robert Samuels, John S Schieffelin","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf129","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ebola virus disease survivors demonstrated musculoskeletal sequelae during the 7 years since hospital discharge. Reported joint pain and joint tenderness to palpation were the most common sequelae. Sequelae generally decreased over time, but fluctuations were noted. Survivors 15-40 years of age demonstrated the highest rates of sequelae throughout study duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 4","pages":"ofaf129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11952999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paracoccidioidomycosis as a Manifestation of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in an HIV Patient: An Uncommon Presentation.","authors":"Amanda P O Silva, Francine C Lóta, Marilene M Paschoal, Ana H P C Carneiro, Luiz A A Lima, Isabel C M Mendes, Sergio A L Souza, Maria Célia Djahjah","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf141","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 50-year-old HIV-positive woman, nonadherent to antiretroviral therapy, developed asthenia, weight loss, and lymphadenopathy after restarting treatment. Imaging revealed adenopathies and a breast nodule, with biopsies confirming <i>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis</i>. Despite initial therapy failure (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole), liposomal amphotericin, corticosteroids, and a regimen change led to partial improvement until a psoas abscess required drainage, ultimately stabilizing her condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 4","pages":"ofaf141"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11953030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety Outcomes in Adults Initiating Dolutegravir/Lamivudine With High Viral Load in the GEMINI-1/-2 and STAT Trials.","authors":"Charlotte-Paige Rolle, José R Arribas, Roberto Ortiz, Mark Underwood, Chris M Parry, Richard Grove, V Paul DiMondi, Bryn Jones, Michelle Kisare","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf135","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Through 144 weeks in GEMINI-1/-2 and 48 weeks in STAT, dolutegravir/lamivudine demonstrated high rates of virologic efficacy and a good safety profile in individuals naive to antiretroviral therapy across baseline viral load categories, including in those with very high baseline viral load (≥500 000 copies/mL). <b>Clinical Trials Registration.</b> NCT02831673/NCT02831764; NCT03945981.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 3","pages":"ofaf135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11935529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis Visualized With the Ultrasound Probe: A Systematic Review of Sonographic Pattern Descriptions and an Analysis of Common Sonographic Features.","authors":"Stefan Fabian Weber, Katharina Manten, Katharina Kleiber, Lisa Ruby, Maurizio Grilli, Frank Tobian, Sabine Bélard, Claudia M Denkinger","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence on tuberculosis (TB) ultrasound patterns is scarce. We systematically reviewed the literature aiming to identify common TB ultrasound features. Sources included PubMed, Cochrane Library, and others (1 January 2000 through 30 August 2021). Any article type (retrospective, prospective, cases, trials) with verbal ultrasound descriptions of TB were included; those with <2 ultrasound features were excluded. We adapted Murad et al (2018) for quality assessment. The outcome was a descriptive frequency ranking of ultrasound features and patterns (combinations) per organ. From 388 publications, 613 ultrasound descriptions across 23 organs from 2167 individuals (465 single cases, 1702 from case series/studies) were extracted. The most commonly described sonographic patterns related to the female breast (n = 45), the liver (n = 40), and the pancreas (n = 37). The synthesis reveals sonographic TB patterns, but is constrained by limited representativeness of studies and the partly subjective analysis. Our review may serve as a clinical or research resource.</p><p><strong>Clinical trials registration: </strong>PROSPERO (CRD42021283319).</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 3","pages":"ofaf010"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11886843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Antibiotic Exposure Post-Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> Infection: A Prospective Multicenter Observational Study.","authors":"William Hirsch, Monika Fischer, Alexander Khoruts, Jessica R Allegretti, Colleen R Kelly, Byron Vaughn","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf130","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recurrent <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> infection (CDI) is primarily driven by antibiotic-induced disruption of the indigenous intestinal microbiota. Restoration of microbiota through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective in preventing subsequent CDI, although this effect is attenuated with additional antibiotic exposure. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for recurrent antibiotic administration after FMT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective cohort of patients who were administered FMT for recurrent CDI from 1 July 2019 through 23 November 2023 across 6 institutions in the United States. Providers collected de-identified data at the time of FMT administration and in the months post-FMT administration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 448 patients. Risk factors for non-CDI antibiotic administration within 2 months of FMT included immunocompromised status (odds ratio [OR], 2.2 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.1-4.4]; <i>P</i> = .02), >3 non-CDI antibiotic courses pre-FMT (OR, 3.1 [95% CI, 1.4-6.8]; <i>P</i> = .006), and prior hospitalization for CDI (OR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.1-3.8]; <i>P</i> = .02). The most common indications for non-CDI antibiotic administration post-FMT were urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and procedure prophylaxis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Non-CDI antibiotic exposure significantly increases the risk of CDI recurrence post-FMT. Risk factors for non-CDI antibiotic administration within 2 months of FMT include immunocompromised status, multiple prior non-CDI antibiotics, and prior hospitalization for CDI. These individuals may benefit from additional or modified recurrent CDI prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 3","pages":"ofaf130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Sequelae Following Dengue Infection vs SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Pediatric Population: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Liang En Wee, Jue Tao Lim, Janice Yu Jin Tan, Calvin Chiew, Chee-Fu Yung, Chia Yin Chong, David Chien Lye, Kelvin Bryan Tan","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf134","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-term postacute sequelae following SARS-CoV-2 infection in children have been extensively documented. However, while persistence of chronic symptoms following pediatric dengue infection has been documented in small prospective cohorts, population-based studies are limited. We evaluated the risk of multisystemic complications following dengue infection in contrast to that after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a multiethnic pediatric Asian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective population-based cohort study utilized national COVID-19/dengue registries to construct cohorts of Singaporean children aged 1 to 17 years with either laboratory-confirmed dengue infection from 1 January 2017 to 31 October 2022 or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from 1 July 2021 to 31 October 2022. Cox regression was utilized to estimate risks of new-incident cardiovascular, neurologic, gastrointestinal, autoimmune, and respiratory complications, as identified by national health care claims data, at 31 to 300 days after dengue infection vs COVID-19. Risks were reported by 2 measures: adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and excess burden.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 6452 children infected with dengue and 260 749 cases of COVID-19. Among children infected with dengue, there was increased risk of any postacute gastrointestinal sequelae (aHR, 2.98; 95% CI, 1.18-7.18), specifically appendicitis (aHR, 3.50; 95% CI, 1.36-8.99), when compared with children infected with SARS-CoV-2. In contrast to cases of unvaccinated COVID-19, children infected with dengue demonstrated lower risk (aHR, 0.42; 95% CI, .29-.61) and excess burden (-6.50; 95% CI, -9.80 to -3.20) of any sequelae, as well as lower risk of respiratory sequelae (aHR, 0.17; 95% CI, .09-.31).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower overall risk of postacute complications was observed in children following dengue infection vs COVID-19; however, higher risk of appendicitis was reported 31 to 300 days after dengue infection vs SARS-CoV-2. Public health strategies to mitigate the impact of dengue and COVID-19 in children should consider the possibility of chronic postinfectious sequelae.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 4","pages":"ofaf134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11953018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Individual Agents on Time to Culture Conversion in <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> Complex Pulmonary Disease.","authors":"Joong-Yub Kim, Yunhee Choi, Jae-Joon Yim, Nakwon Kwak","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf138","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a cohort of 534 patients treated for <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex pulmonary disease, those who failed to achieve culture conversion were older, had higher proportions of males and cavity presence, were more likely to receive clofazimine and aminoglycosides, but less likely to receive rifampicin, and had a shorter overall treatment duration. Time-varying analysis of individual drug effects on time to culture conversion identified rifampicin as being associated with a reduced culture conversion rate (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.959; 95% confidence interval, .924-.995; <i>P</i> = .027), suggesting a potentially negative effect on <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex pulmonary disease outcomes, whereas other drugs showed no significant association.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 3","pages":"ofaf138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11935740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143710891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B Core-Related Antigen Point-of-Care Tests as a Risk Stratification Tool for Treatment Eligibility: Experience From Kenya.","authors":"Louise O Downs, Dorcas Okanda, Oscar Chirro, Mwanakombo Zaharani, Benson Safari, Nadia Aliyan, Monique I Andersson, Yasuhito Tanaka, Anthony O Etyang, Yusuke Shimakawa, George Githinji, Philippa C Matthews","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf125","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We undertook a point-of-care test for hepatitis B core-related antigen in adults with hepatitis B virus in Kilifi, Kenya. A positive test identified all individuals with a hepatitis B viral load >200 000 IU/mL and who were hepatitis B e antigen positive. It also correlated with a higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (<i>P</i> = .03), raised aspartate transaminase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) (<i>P</i> < .001), and higher elastography scores (<i>P</i> = .03).</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 3","pages":"ofaf125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11923541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of People Who Inject Drugs About Long-acting Medications for Opioid Use Disorder, Preexposure Prophylaxis, and Antiretroviral Therapy.","authors":"Parisa Thepmankorn, Rachel Flumo, Amesika N Nyaku","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf120","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-acting injectable (LAI) forms of preexposure prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy and extended-release medications for opioid use disorder (OUD) may reduce HIV and OUD treatment attrition, but community interest among people who inject drugs remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From September to December 2023, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of adults with OUD and a history of injection drug use who were attending a New Jersey syringe exchange program to assess their experiences with HIV and OUD care and their knowledge, attitudes, and preferences about LAI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 193 participants, 15 were persons with HIV (PWH), 72 were high risk for HIV (HRH), and 91 were low risk for HIV (LRH). Many participants had previously taken medications for OUD (60%), but knowledge of extended-release medications for OUD was low (40% PWH, 45.8% HRH, 41.6% LRH, <i>P</i> = .85). Participant interest in extended-release naltrexone (33.3% PWH, 27.8% HRH, 26.7% LRH, <i>P</i> = .91) and extended-release buprenorphine (33.3% PWH, 18.3% HRH, 20.9% LRH, <i>P</i> = .45) was also low. Preexposure prophylaxis knowledge was high (59.1% HRH, 63.9% LRH, <i>P</i> = .54), but prior usage (11.1% HRH, 6.7% LRH, <i>P</i> = .32) and interest (18.1% HRH, 21.1% LRH <i>P</i> = .63) in LAI preexposure prophylaxis were low. PWH had high awareness (66.7%) and interest (66.7%) in receiving LAI antiretroviral therapy. Interest in integrated care was greater for PWH (69.2%) than for those at HRH (29.8%) or LRH (33.9%; <i>P</i> = .03), and preferred treatment locations varied among the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Targeted education and outreach are particularly needed for extended-release medications for OUD and LAI preexposure prophylaxis. A differentiated care model may better address the needs of people who inject drugs with OUD, whether at risk for or with HIV. Addressing barriers to LAI treatment remains essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 3","pages":"ofaf120"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Virologic Suppression and Retention in Care 6 Years After Rapid Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy.","authors":"Joan M Duggan, Katie V Himich, Eric G Sahloff","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf122","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a single-center retrospective follow-up study, no difference in retention in care or virologic suppression was noted between rapid and delayed initiation of antiretroviral therapy at 6-year follow up in participants who were antiretroviral naive. Further study is needed to assess the long-term impact of rapidly starting antiretroviral therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 3","pages":"ofaf122"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}