Open Forum Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Guideline Adherence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Management Among Physicians in Jordan: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Hadeel Allan, Thekraiat Al Quran, Othman Beni Yonis, Wasan Alzu'bi","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf254","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is the presence of bacteria in urine without symptoms of a urinary tract infection. The management of ASB varies widely among health care providers, particularly in different regional contexts. This study aims to assess guideline adherence for ASB management among physicians in Jordan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among physicians from various medical specialties in Jordan between January and March 2024. A total of 750 surveys were distributed to participants through email and phone channels, focusing on demographic information, clinical practices, and adherence to available ASB management guidelines. Of these, 418 responses were received, yielding a response rate of 55.7%. The collected data were subsequently compiled and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 418 survey responses were analyzed. Participants included general practitioners, urologists, obstetricians/gynecologists, surgeons, internal medicine specialists, family medicine practitioners, and residents. There were significant deviations from recommended guidelines, particularly in antibiotic selection and treatment duration. Ciprofloxacin was the most preferred antibiotic (34.2%), contrary to guidelines recommending nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight the need for improved adherence to ASB management guidelines among Jordanian physicians. Educational interventions and policy implementations are essential to optimize clinical care and reduce antimicrobial resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 6","pages":"ofaf254"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial and Sociodemographic Disparities in Hepatitis C Treatment at an Urban Academic Medical Center, 2018-2023.","authors":"Ahmed D Elnaiem, Anand B Chukka, Cynthia M So-Armah, MaryCatherine E Arbour, Chuan-Chin Huang, Daniel A Solomon, Lauren E Malishchak, Chase G Yarbrough","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf312","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) disproportionately affects racial minorities and socially disadvantaged groups in the United States. Despite highly effective direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapies, treatment disparities persist.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using electronic medical record data from both inpatient and outpatient settings in an urban academic medical center between 1 October 2018 and 1 October 2023. Multivariable logistic regression identified sociodemographic and clinical predictors of HCV treatment initiation, defined as a documented direct-acting antiviral prescription, among individuals with positive HCV RNA between 2018 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 4345 individuals, 1150 (26.5%) were prescribed HCV treatment. Black individuals were less likely to be prescribed HCV treatment compared to White individuals (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.68 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .53-.88]). Individuals experiencing homelessness (aOR, 0.57 [95% CI, .46-.69]) and those with Medicaid (aOR, 0.82 [95% CI, .68-.98]) or no insurance (aOR, 0.49 [95% CI, .37-.65]) were also less likely to be prescribed HCV treatment. Individuals with mental health diagnoses (aOR, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.11-1.61]) were more likely to receive HCV treatment. Untreated individuals had a higher percentage of inpatient (12.3%) and emergency department visits (17.7%) than those who received treatment (3.4% and 4.8%, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant disparities in HCV treatment initiation were observed, with lower rates among Black individuals, those experiencing homelessness, and individuals with Medicaid or no insurance. These inequities perpetuate a disproportionate burden of liver disease and preventable mortality in already marginalized populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 6","pages":"ofaf312"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning-Driven COVID-19 Hospitalization Forecasting: From Theory to Practice in a Major Northeastern Academic Medical Center.","authors":"Alexander Y Tulchinsky, Xihan Zhao, Nodar Kipshidze, Jeremiah Hinson, Fardad Haghpanah, Eili Y Klein","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf307","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Predicting seasonal and emerging waves of respiratory viruses is crucial for effective public health responses. Despite significant efforts in developing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) forecast models, there remains a need for improvement in model performances.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed and evaluated a machine learning model to forecast COVID-19 hospitalizations by extending the Neural Basis Expansion Analysis for Time Series Forecasting (N-BEATS) architecture. Specifically, we integrated a temporal convolutional network to incorporate exogenous variables and added additional residual blocks to create a variance-forecasting network component for probabilistic predictions. We compared the performance of our model to the ensemble models from the COVID-19 Forecast Hub. Additionally, we implemented the model in a large academic medical center, applying transfer learning to adapt the model to local hospitalization data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our model demonstrated a 34.0% improvement in mean absolute error over the performance-weighted ensemble and 37.0% over the unweighted ensemble in predicting total US hospitalizations. Similar trends were obtained using mean absolute percent error and symmetric mean absolute percent error. In a real-world implementation, the model provided actionable forecasts for hospital leadership to optimize resource allocation and surge preparation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The enhanced architecture significantly improves the forecasting of COVID-19 hospitalizations, particularly in anticipating peaks and resurgences. Its successful implementation in a hospital system highlights its potential for aiding decision-making and resource planning during pandemics and other respiratory disease outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 6","pages":"ofaf307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12160076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144285955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Association of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Cases and Deaths With Exposure to Wildfire Particulate Matter in 2020.","authors":"Thomas C McHale, David R Boulware, Kelly Searle, Leda Kobziar, Phinehas Lampman, Julio C Zuniga-Moya, Ben Papadopoulos, Andrej Spec, Naomi E Hauser, George R Thompson","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf262","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Climate change is anticipated to have profound effects on human health, including in infectious diseases. Wildfires have been increasing in frequency and intensity due to climate change and have been linked to worsening respiratory disease outcomes. We aimed to demonstrate whether there was an association between wildfire smoke and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in California during 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used an ecologic cohort study with a spatial autoregressive model to test for associations between wildfire smoke, measured as particulate matter <2.5 µg/m³ and COVID-19 cases and deaths at the county level in California in 2020. All data was downloaded from open sources that were freely available to the public. In our spatial autoregressive model, we adjusted for demographic, environmental factors and spatial autocorrelation that could be associated with the exposure and outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In an adjusted analysis, we found a 1-month lag increase of 203 COVID-19 cases per 10 000 persons per 10 µg/m³ of smoke exposure (<i>P</i> < .001) at the county level. There was a 1-month lag increase of 2.75 COVID-19 deaths per 10 000 persons per 10 µg/m³ of smoke exposure (<i>P</i> < .001) at the county level. These findings were attenuated in the second month after smoke exposure, with a 2-month lag increase of 80.6 COVID-19 cases per 10 000 persons per 10 µg/m³ of smoke exposure (<i>P</i> = .002) and no 2-month lag association with COVID-19 deaths.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The year 2020 was particularly strong for wildfires in California and a unique year for infectious diseases with the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings demonstrate that wildfire smoke exposure likely increased the spread of COVID-19 and worsened the mortality rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 6","pages":"ofaf262"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12152477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of SARS-CoV-2 With Health-related Quality of Life 1 Year After Illness Using Latent Transition Analysis.","authors":"Lauren E Wisk, Michael Gottlieb, Peizheng Chen, Huihui Yu, Kelli N O'Laughlin, Kari A Stephens, Graham Nichol, Juan Carlos C Montoy, Robert M Rodriguez, Michelle Santangelo, Kristyn Gatling, Erica S Spatz, Arjun K Venkatesh, Kristin L Rising, Mandy J Hill, Ryan Huebinger, Ahamed H Idris, Michael Willis, Efrat Kean, Samuel A McDonald, Joann G Elmore, Robert A Weinstein","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf278","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-term sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection may impact health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL), yet it is unknown how HRQoL changes during recovery. We compared patient-reported HRQoL among adults with COVID-19-like illness who tested SARS-CoV-2 positive (COVID+) with those who tested negative (COVID-).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants in this prospective, multicenter, longitudinal registry study were enrolled from December 2020 through August 2022 and completed 3-month follow-up assessments until 12 months after enrollment. Participants were adults (≥18 years) with acute symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 who received a Food and Drug Administration-approved SARS-CoV-2 test. Participants received questions from PROMIS-29 (subscales: physical function, anxiety, depression, fatigue, social participation, sleep disturbance, and pain interference) and PROMIS SF-8a (cognitive function). Latent transition analysis was used to identify meaningful patterns in HRQoL scores over time; 4 HRQoL categories were compared descriptively and using multivariable regression. Inverse probability weighting was used to adjust for covariate imbalance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 1096 (75%) COVID+ and 371 (25%) COVID-. Four distinct well-being classes emerged: optimal overall, poor mental, poor physical, and poor overall HRQoL. COVID+ participants were more likely to return to the optimal HRQoL class compared to COVID- participants. The most substantial transition from poor physical to optimal HRQoL occurred by 3 months, whereas movement from poor mental to optimal HRQoL occurred by 9 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In adults with COVID-19-like illness, COVID+ participants demonstrated meaningful recovery in their physical HRQoL by 3 months after infection, but mental HRQoL took longer to improve. Suboptimal HRQoL at 3 to 12 months after infection remained in approximately 20%.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT04610515.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 6","pages":"ofaf278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12150399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144266867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Substance Use Disorders on Outcomes of Medically Insured Persons Receiving Multiweek Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy: a Claims-based Cohort Study From 2015 to 2020.","authors":"Daniel J Rogers, Lingyu Zhao, Duna Zhan, Xianyan Chen, Martin Krsak, Andrés F Henao-Martínez, Daniel B Chastain","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf315","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is often withheld from individuals with substance use disorder (SUD), despite evidence suggesting similar outcomes. We investigated this using a large, nationwide claims database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed Merative MarketScan (2015-2020) data to identify adults treated with intravenous vancomycin, daptomycin, nafcillin, oxacillin, or cefazolin for ≥7 days after hospitalization. Patients with end-stage renal disease or <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> were excluded. SUD was defined using pre-discharge International Classification of Diseases 10-CM codes. Rates of overdose, central venous catheter (CVC) events during OPAT, and 90-day all-cause readmissions following OPAT completion were compared between patients with and without SUD, adjusting for confounders via multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 5903 patients, 18% had SUD. These patients were younger, less often male, and less likely discharged home. Unadjusted rates of 90-day readmission (40.1% vs 32.5%, <i>P</i> < .001) and overdose (1.2% vs 0.1%, <i>P</i> < .001) were higher in the SUD group, whereas CVC event rates were similar (6.5% vs 5.3%, <i>P</i> = .137). However, adjusted analyses revealed SUD was not significantly associated with readmission (odds ratio [OR] 1.16, <i>P</i> = .067) or CVC events (OR 1.10, <i>P</i> = .552), but was associated with higher odds of overdose (OR 6.03, <i>P</i> < .001). Readmission was predicted by insurance type, mental health disorders, and infection type. CVC events were associated with infection type and discharge to home.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SUD was not independently associated with increased 90-day readmission or CVC event risk, but was a significant risk factor for overdose, supporting harm reduction approaches over exclusion from OPAT based on SUD status.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 6","pages":"ofaf315"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Changes in Nasopharyngeal Pneumococcal Colonization Density Associated With Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza in a South African Household Cohort Study, 2016-2018.","authors":"Maimuna Carrim, Jackie Kleynhans, Stefano Tempia, Orienka Hellferscee, Florette K Treurnicht, Meredith L McMorrow, Jocelyn Moyes, Floidy Wafawanaka, Cheryl Cohen, Anne von Gottberg, Nicole Wolter","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf267","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza infections are associated with increased pneumococcal colonization and disease risk. We assessed the impact of RSV and influenza on pneumococcal colonization density and factors influencing density changes during viral infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Over 3 years, 1658 individuals from 325 households were enrolled, with nasopharyngeal swabs collected twice weekly for pneumococcus, RSV, and influenza A/B detection by real-time polymerase chain reaction. We analyzed samples from 2 weeks before, during, and 2 and 8 weeks after infection. Pneumococcal density was compared across infection periods by <i>t</i> tests, and multivariable regression identified factors influencing density changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pneumococcal density increased during RSV infection (log mean before vs during infection, 9.3 vs 10.2 genomic copies/mL; <i>P</i> < .01) but showed no significant overall increase with influenza (log mean before vs during infection, 9.6 vs 9.9 genomic copies/mL; <i>P</i> = .2). However, the following were correlated with increased pneumococcal density: higher influenza viral loads (cycle threshold [Ct] value <25: coefficient, 2.8; 95% CI 1.4-4.2) and RSV viral loads (viral Ct value <25: coefficient, 2.5 [95% CI, 1.1-3.9; <i>P</i> < .01]; viral Ct value of 25-29: coefficient, 1.1 [95% CI, .1-2.2; <i>P</i> = .04]; vs viral Ct value of 30-34). Participants who were underweight had lower pneumococcal density differences (coefficient, -1.8; 95% CI, -3.5 to -.1; <i>P</i> = .04) than those with a normal body mass index.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RSV infection, especially with higher viral loads, increases pneumococcal colonization, while individuals who are underweight exhibit lower density changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 6","pages":"ofaf267"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12125651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Highly Sensitive Multiplex Antibody Assay Reduces Window Period for Detection of <i>Babesia microti</i> Infection.","authors":"Scott Meredith, Ankit Puri, Victoria F Majam, Hong Zheng, Miranda S Oakley, Laura Tonnetti, Susan L Stramer, Sanjai Kumar","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf253","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The health burden of <i>Babesia microti</i>, the primary causative agent of human babesiosis in the United States, is significant and increasing. Diagnosis of clinical babesiosis still remains challenging, resulting in misdiagnosis and underreporting. The gold standard for detection of <i>B. microti</i>-specific antibody, immunofluorescence assay (IFA), is cumbersome and resource-intensive. A high-throughput assay to detect serological biomarkers of <i>B. microti</i> exposure would facilitate epidemiological studies and clinical diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a multiantigen, high-throughput, and highly sensitive Luminex bead-based assay (LBA) for detection of <i>Babesia microti</i>--specific antibodies in babesiosis patients and endemic populations. Serum samples from 191 individuals who had confirmed <i>B. microti</i> exposure (IFA or polymerase chain reaction [PCR] positive) were screened for antibody reactivity to 4 immunodominant antigens-MCFRP1, BAHCS1, SERA1, and PiβS1-by LBA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 4 antigens evaluated, MCFRP1 and BAHCS1 were the most sensitive biomarkers for <i>B. microti</i> exposure, detecting 96.6% and 100% of IFA+/PCR+ and 75.3% and 87.6% of IFA+/PCR- samples, respectively. The \"window period\" before IFA-detectable seroconversion is of particular concern for clinical diagnosis using serological detection methods. Importantly, combining all 4 antigens allowed detection of 6/13 (46.2%) PCR-positive cases that were missed by IFA. No single antigen yielded reactivity to more than 3/13 (23.1%) IFA-/PCR+ cases in our LBA, indicating diversity in the polarization of early immune responses following <i>B. microti</i> exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combination of these antigens in our LBA would reduce the window period before IFA-detectable seroconversion of detection in <i>Babesia microti</i>-exposed individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 6","pages":"ofaf253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12125675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population Prevalence and Correlates of Syphilis in Rural, Southwestern Uganda.","authors":"Pooja Chitneni, Nicholas Musinguzi, Charles Baguma, Justin M Rasmussen, Emily N Satinsky, Justus Kananura, Patience Ayebare, Patrick Gumisiriza, Godfrey Masette, Mark J Siedner, Jessica E Haberer, Lynn T Matthews, Bernard Kakuhikire, Alexander C Tsai","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf290","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global incidence of syphilis has increased in recent years. Understanding syphilis epidemiology will inform screening and treatment programs. However, such data are lacking in many communities. We outline a population-based syphilis screening program in a rural community in southwestern Uganda to describe the population prevalence of syphilis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In June 2019 we conducted a cross-sectional, population-based study of adults >18 years of age. Two-stage syphilis testing was completed with <i>Treponema pallidum</i> hemagglutination (TPHA) rapid immunochromatographic testing, confirmed by rapid plasma reagin (RPR) in those with positive TPHA (syphilis seroprevalence). We calculate inverse probability of treatment (IPT) weights using logistic regression to estimate the population prevalence of positive TPHA. We included covariates with a univariable α = .10 in multivariable logistic regression models, stratified by sex, to estimate correlates of syphilis seroprevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 749 participants who participated in this population-based study, 724 (97%) completed syphilis screening. The median age was 42.9 years (standard deviation, 15.6 years) and 456 of 724 (63%) were women. Based on the IPT-weighted adjusted model, the syphilis population seroprevalence was 10.6% (95% confidence interval, 8.4%-13.4%). Among the 62 of 79 (78%) participants who completed RPR testing, all had titers ≤1:4. Syphilis seroprevalence was associated with less education, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and ≥2 sexual partners in the prior month among women and with HIV among men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We describe a high prevalence of current or former syphilis (10.6%) in a population-based study in rural Uganda. Syphilis screening and surveillance programs in this region require expansion to capture populations not routinely in care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 5","pages":"ofaf290"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Dose Probiotic Mix of <i>Lactobacillus</i> Spp, <i>Bifidobacterium</i> Spp, <i>Bacillus coagulans</i>, and <i>Saccharomyces boulardii</i> to Prevent Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Adults: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial (SPAADA).","authors":"Cynthia Isabel Ortiz-Lopez, Adrian Camacho-Ortiz","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf316","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf316","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 6","pages":"ofaf316"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144258650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}