OptikPub Date : 2025-05-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172430
Claudevan A. Sousa , Antonio F.A.A. Melo , Nefe J.B. Silva , Tânia Patrícia Silva e Silva , Bartolomeu C. Viana , Francisco Eroni P. Santos , Hans Garcia
{"title":"Third-order optical properties of Ag nanocubes and Ag@Au hollow nanostructures investigated by femtosecond Z-Scan measurements","authors":"Claudevan A. Sousa , Antonio F.A.A. Melo , Nefe J.B. Silva , Tânia Patrícia Silva e Silva , Bartolomeu C. Viana , Francisco Eroni P. Santos , Hans Garcia","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the third-order nonlinear optical properties of silver nanocubes (Ag-NCs) and Ag@Au hollow nanostructures using femtosecond Z-scan measurements at 1040 nm. Both systems exhibit negative nonlinear refraction (<em>n<sub>2</sub>∼10<sup>−16</sup></em> cm²/W) attributed to hot-electron generation under ultrafast excitation. In contrast, saturable absorption (SA) is uniquely observed in Ag@Au nanoboxes, with SA intensity tunable via Au content. Ag@Au hollow nanostructures exhibit an order-of-magnitude enhancement in nonlinear refractive index (<em>n<sub>2</sub></em>) and saturable absorption (SA) performance compared to monometallic Ag nanocubes, highlighting morphology and composition as key design parameters. These results demonstrate the promise of Ag@Au hollow nanostructures for applications in ultrafast all‑optical switching and nonlinear photonic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"336 ","pages":"Article 172430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OptikPub Date : 2025-05-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172422
M.Y. Shubar, H.L. Saadon, M.A. Rahma
{"title":"Laser-induced nonlinear far-field diffraction patterns of disperse azo dyes","authors":"M.Y. Shubar, H.L. Saadon, M.A. Rahma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The nonlinear optical properties of the dispersed azo dyes (orange 3, orange 13 and orange 25) were investigated using laser field-induced spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) with continuous wave laser of 532 nm. The research of disperse azo dyes at different concentrations and incoming laser power produced diffraction ring patterns. The results of the experiment showed a large nonlinear refractive index n<sub>2</sub> and a large thermo-optical coefficient dn/dT. The effect of excitation laser input and time evolution on shape diffraction pattern shape was investigated. We therefore explain the collapse effect of the diffraction circle model. The results show that the type of laser input is responsible for the variation of the number of diffraction circles. The results indicated that the dispersed azo dyes are a good candidate for use as an optical limiter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 172422"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OptikPub Date : 2025-05-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172411
Marcos Sergio Gonçalves, Alex Lattaro de Oliveira
{"title":"Development of photonic devices using Genetic Algorithm integrated with Shannon entropy","authors":"Marcos Sergio Gonçalves, Alex Lattaro de Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genetic Algorithm has become a powerful metaheuristic method for developing photonic devices. Metaheuristic optimization allows challenging designs when associated with numerical methods of electromagnetic analysis. However, populations can become large, which increases total optimization time. Based on Shannon entropy, this article presents a novel methodology that acts on the distribution of initial solutions in the search space. Hence, the proposed method can benefit the optimization processes of photonic devices, consequently accelerating the convergence. The study shows three applications of this technique, both of which exhibited improved convergence optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"334 ","pages":"Article 172411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OptikPub Date : 2025-05-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172420
Md Rumon Shahrier , Sabah M. Mohammad , Mundzir Abdullah , Aijaz Ali Soomro , Abubakar A. Sifawa
{"title":"Third order nonlinear optical (NLO) response of modified CuxO thin films via plasmonic noble nanoparticles","authors":"Md Rumon Shahrier , Sabah M. Mohammad , Mundzir Abdullah , Aijaz Ali Soomro , Abubakar A. Sifawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plasmonic-enhanced nanostructured materials have gained significant attention due to their unique electrical and optical properties and broad applicability across various scientific fields. Nonlinear effects and other optical phenomena would become nontrivial at greater optical intensities. This study investigates the third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) response of naturally oxidized Cu<sub>x</sub>O thin films enhanced by the incorporation of highly plasmonic Au and Ag nanoparticles (NPs) utilizing continuous-wave (CW) laser Z-scan techniques at 637 nm wavelength. In particular, the nonlinear absorption coefficient, <span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span> and nonlinear refractive index, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, of naturally oxidised and plasmonic-enhanced Cu<sub>x</sub>O thin film were determined. Characterization techniques, including HRTEM, FESEM, EDX, AFM, XRD, and UV–vis spectroscopy, confirmed the high quality and structural integrity of the plasmonic-enhanced Cu<sub>x</sub>O thin film. The (Au+Ag)/Cu<sub>x</sub>O thin film exhibited a significant enhancement in third-order NLO susceptibility, <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mo>[</mo><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup><mo>]</mo></mrow></math></span> estimated as <span><math><mrow><mn>36.10</mn><mi>x</mi><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup><mi>esu</mi></mrow></math></span>. These findings showcase new pathways for nonlinear optics research and potential applications in optoelectronic and photonic devices</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 172420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OptikPub Date : 2025-05-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172383
K.V. Mahesan , Anupong Wongchai , C. Tamizhselvan , S. Manoj Kumar , P. Vijayakumar , Bharat Singh
{"title":"Retraction notice to “Automation industry in cyber physical systems based on 4G IoT networks for operation controlling and monitoring management” [Optik 272 (2023) 170308]","authors":"K.V. Mahesan , Anupong Wongchai , C. Tamizhselvan , S. Manoj Kumar , P. Vijayakumar , Bharat Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 172383"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OptikPub Date : 2025-05-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172412
Mohamed A. Elhady , Hamdy M. Ahmed , Ahmed M. Ahmed , Haytham M. Rezk , Wafaa B. Rabie
{"title":"Stability analysis and extraction of newly cubic–quintic soliton wave structure for the generalized derivative resonant nonlinear Schrödinger equation through an analytical technique","authors":"Mohamed A. Elhady , Hamdy M. Ahmed , Ahmed M. Ahmed , Haytham M. Rezk , Wafaa B. Rabie","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the analytical solutions of the generalized derivative resonant nonlinear Schrödinger equation, a fundamental model governing wave propagation in nonlinear dispersive media with applications in nonlinear optics, quantum mechanics, and plasma physics. We employ a modified extended direct algebraic method to systematically derive exact solutions, extending traditional approaches to incorporate cubic–quintic nonlinearity, which accounts for the interplay between self-focusing and defocusing effects.</div><div>By transforming the generalized derivative resonant nonlinear Schrödinger equation into an integrable algebraic form, we obtain a diverse set of analytical solutions, including bright and dark solitons, singular solitons, periodic waves, rational solutions, exponential solutions, Jacobi and Weierstrass elliptic functions. These solutions provide deep insights into the formation and dynamics of localized wave structures in nonlinear systems. We then conduct a rigorous stability analysis of the obtained solitons through linear perturbation theory, identifying critical parameter regimes where stable propagation occurs. The stability thresholds are shown to depend fundamentally on the balance between cubic self-focusing and quintic defocusing effects. To validate our results, we present numerical simulations and graphical representations of selected solutions, illustrating their stability and propagation characteristics. Our findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of nonlinear wave phenomena and offer potential applications in optical communications, quantum information, and ultrafast laser physics. This work not only advances the analytical treatment of the generalized derivative resonant nonlinear Schrödinger equation but also provides a robust framework for exploring other high-order nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 172412"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OptikPub Date : 2025-05-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172385
Suhasini Sodagudi , Sridhar Manda , Bandi Smitha , N. Chaitanya , Mohammed Altaf Ahmed , Nabamita Deb
{"title":"Retraction notice to “EEG signal processing by feature extraction and classification based on biomedical deep learning architecture with wireless communication” [Optik 270 (2022) 170037]","authors":"Suhasini Sodagudi , Sridhar Manda , Bandi Smitha , N. Chaitanya , Mohammed Altaf Ahmed , Nabamita Deb","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172385","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 172385"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OptikPub Date : 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172421
Rahul Runthala , N. Grover , Pankaj Arora
{"title":"TiO2-FG-based plasmonic sensor with enhanced figure of merit for sensing applications: A numerical approach","authors":"Rahul Runthala , N. Grover , Pankaj Arora","doi":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijleo.2025.172421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A refractive index-based surface plasmon resonance sensor using a multilayer heterostructure in the Kretschmann configuration is proposed for the near-infrared region. In the proposed configuration, aluminum is used as a plasmonic metal, titanium dioxide is used as a dielectric layer, and a fluorinated graphene (FG) layer is used as a 2D nanomaterial to enhance the performance parameters. A thorough comparative study is conducted between popularly used titanium compounds: Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) and Titanium disilicide (TiSi<sub>2</sub>). For the proposed SPR sensor, each layer is engineered and optimized on the grounds of linewidth, detection accuracy (DA), and Figure of Merit (FOM), which are the critical performance parameters. To this end, the geometrical parameters are calculated using the transfer matrix method and analyzed meticulously to find the optimum trade-off points. The proposed sensor is numerically tested efficiently to sense different concentrations of hemoglobin in human blood. For the angle interrogation technique at the wavelength of 1550 nm, the sensor provides an enhanced FOM of 462.8 RIU<sup>−1</sup> and a DA of 4 degrees<sup>−1</sup>. Thus, the proposed design opens a broader window for bio-sensing applications because of the advantages TiO<sub>2</sub> and FG layers offer in enhancing the sensing parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19513,"journal":{"name":"Optik","volume":"335 ","pages":"Article 172421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}