Optics and Laser Technology最新文献

{"title":"Hybrid-integrated high-power electro-optically tunable self-injection-locked laser","authors":"Qiyue Hu ,&nbsp;Yiran Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Fang ,&nbsp;Qinfen Huang ,&nbsp;Yu Ma ,&nbsp;Zhe Wang ,&nbsp;Jianfang Chen ,&nbsp;Qingya Dai ,&nbsp;Min Wang ,&nbsp;Yunpeng Song ,&nbsp;Ya Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybrid-integrated self-injection locked (SIL) lasers offers a promising solution for on-chip narrow-linewidth light sources, their inability to simultaneously satisfy both narrow-linewidth and high-power requirements constrains practical applications. We demonstrate a hybrid-integrated electro-optically tunable narrow-linewidth SIL laser with an output power of 7.6 mW and an intrinsic linewidth of 717 kHz. The external cavity is constructed with an add-drop microring and a Sagnac loop reflector. Benefitting from the high electro-optic efficiency of lithium niobate, the tuning efficiency of 0.62 pm/V was achieved. This work paves the way for compact, low-cost, high-power, narrow-linewidth on-chip lasers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113963"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chirality recognition of amino acid by combining machine learning method and sliding window technique","authors":"Sirui Guo ,&nbsp;Jinchang Li ,&nbsp;Wei Jiang ,&nbsp;Jun Yang ,&nbsp;Yingying Du ,&nbsp;Tao Luo ,&nbsp;Ayesha Anwar ,&nbsp;Limei Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chiral molecule recognition is crucial in life sciences, pharmaceuticals, disease diagnostics, and environmental protection. Infrared spectrum is a powerful tool for identifying different molecules, which can be used to detect the characteristic transmission peaks associated with molecule’s functional groups. However, the complexity of infrared spectrum limits the chirality recognition of amino acid through the traditional analytical techniques. In this work, we propose a method to distinguish three pairs of L– and D–amino acids based on their infrared spectrum by combining machine learning method and sliding window. Three machine learning (ML) algorithms: error-correcting output codes-support vector machine (ECOC-SVM), principal component analysis-random forest (PCA-RF), and partial least squares-discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) are used to recognize three pairs of chiral amino acids including alanine (Ala), cysteine (Cys), and glutamine (Gln), respectively. Results revealed that the sensitivity of chiral recognition varies significantly with spectral region, window size, and step length. Experimental findings highlight the precise chiral recognition of amino acids by ML-assisted infrared spectrum, advancing its applications in analytical chemistry, biomedicine, and pharmaceutical sciences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113937"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on the effect of laser energy distribution in in-situ laser-assisted diamond cutting single-crystal silicon","authors":"Mao Wang ,&nbsp;Zongpu Wu ,&nbsp;Yunxiang Zheng ,&nbsp;Jianguo Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao Chen ,&nbsp;Junfeng Xiao ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diamond cutting is a widely utilised ultra-precision machining technique. In-situ laser assistance helps in heating and softening hard and brittle materials, thereby enhancing the machinability. However, conventional Gaussian beams suffer from significant thermal gradients, high thermal stress, and poor energy utilisation. In this study, we present the novel integration of the beam shaping techniques with the in-situ laser-assisted diamond cutting process to analyse the impact of laser energy distribution on the machining performance. The equipment with top-hat beam assistance was developed based on optical simulation. The effect of the laser energy distribution was analysed via thermodynamic simulations and experiments. Furthermore, the temperature-stress distribution, surface forming mechanism, cutting force, and residual stress were analysed. The results indicate that a top-hat beam can achieve a more uniform temperature field, thereby effectively reducing the peak temperature and the heat-affected zone depth. It further reduces the generation of thermal stress and inhibits the thermal damage. The laser energy efficiency is improved by softening the material at the edge of the irradiation zone. When compared with Gaussian beam assistance, the top-hat beam increases the critical cutting depth for the brittle-ductile transition from 274 nm to 378 nm by 38.0 %. Consequently, the brittle defects and cutting force are significantly suppressed. It generates increased residual compressive stress, thereby further improving the machining quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113976"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable optical spatial differential operations via photonic Dirac points","authors":"Wenhao Xu ,&nbsp;Tingting He ,&nbsp;Yunlan Zuo ,&nbsp;Ya Yang ,&nbsp;Ren Song ,&nbsp;Lan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a tunable optical spatial differentiator that exploits enhanced photonic spin Hall effects (PSHE) near optical Dirac points. By tailoring spin-dependent beam shifts via controlled polarization and incidence angle, the system enables switchable operation between one-dimensional (1D) and isotropic two-dimensional (2D) edge detection. Near the critical incidence, spin–orbit interactions yield complex-valued displacements with Fourier-space transfer functions exhibiting a phase singularity structure, supporting isotropic differentiation with amplified spatial resolution. Numerical simulations and image tests—including comparisons of modulation transfer functions (MTFs) with conventional digital differentiation—demonstrate high-fidelity gradient extraction and superior preservation of fine spatial details. The all-optical passive platform enables compact analog image processing, positioning Dirac-point photonics as an efficient framework for optical computing and edge-enhancement applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113863"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme cross-correlation-based laser backscattering detection of turbulence-coupled bubble wakes","authors":"Shao-peng Yang ,&nbsp;Si-guang Zong ,&nbsp;Ling Guan ,&nbsp;Yun-qian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optical characteristics of marine vehicle bubble wakes demonstrate significant dynamic properties in complex flow fields, with optical information coupled to various turbulent flow field parameters, exhibiting features such as wide dynamic range and non-stationary background. This poses severe challenges to traditional fixed-threshold detection methods. To address issues including low signal-to-noise ratio in laser wake detection signals due to bubble and thermal turbulence, limited continuous effective detection cycles, and low wake feature capture probability, this study innovatively integrates a dynamic threshold optimization mechanism with cross-correlation extreme value detection technology. A extreme correlation-based method for detecting backward optical signals of bubble wakes is proposed. Moreover, a collaborative processing architecture is designed, integrating a dynamic autocorrelation background fluctuation suppression algorithm and a target signal enhancement algorithm utilizing cross-correlation extreme values. Furthermore, a dynamic threshold interval is established based on high-correlation characteristics of wake-free background signals. The sliding-window cross-correlation extreme value method is employed to separate target signals from background noise while enhancing target features, thus overcoming limitations of traditional methods in non-stationary fluid environments and resolving continuous multi-cycle wake detection challenges. Additionally, a multi-turbulent-field-coupled vehicle wake simulation platform is constructed to verify the detection method’s accuracy and reliability under turbulent interference. Experimental results indicate a significant improvement in the average signal-to-background ratio (SBR) by 5.01 dB. At a 95 % detection confidence level, bubble wake feature capture rates in turbulent environments increase from 58.3 % to 86 %, continuous effective detection time extends to 2.72 times that of conventional methods, and detection sensitivity (via reduced response time) improves by an order of magnitude. Consequently, this work provides a potential application method for extracting optical features of bubble wakes in complex fluid environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113979"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrastive GAN for shearography phase denoising: Unsupervised single-image training on wrapped fringe patterns","authors":"Wenqing Jiang,&nbsp;Hongyan Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shearography (Speckle Shearing Interferometry) is widely used in industrial non-destructive testing due to its advantages of being non-contact and providing full-field measurement. However, its phase fringe patterns are corrupted by speckle noise, which severely affects the accuracy of dynamic monitoring. Traditional filtering methods (e.g., sine/cosine filtering) suffer from issues such as low computational efficiency and strong parameter dependency. Although existing deep learning solutions are effective, they rely on paired training data and often lack sufficient capability for high-resolution processing. To address this, this paper innovatively applies Single-image Contrastive Unpaired Training (SinCUT), a lightweight unidirectional style transfer denoising algorithm based on contrastive learning. This-method uses a single high-noise experimental phase map as the source domain (noisy image) and a single simulated ideal fringe pattern as the target domain (clean image), constructing an improved generative adversarial network to perform denoising on high-resolution experimental phase maps. Experimental results demonstrate that the SinCUT algorithm achieves fast processing time and excellent denoising performance, providing a viable solution for real-time non-destructive testing in industrial field applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113953"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chaotic pseudorandom sampling phase-sensitive OTDR for ultra-high frequency vibration sensing","authors":"Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Huirong Hu ,&nbsp;Junhong Wang ,&nbsp;Pengfei Wang ,&nbsp;Qing Bai ,&nbsp;Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Baoquan Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A chaotic pseudorandom sampling compressed sensing reconstruction scheme is proposed to enhance the upper-frequency response limit of the phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR) system. The distribution characteristics of the chaotic pseudorandom sampling sequence is analyzed and optimized with logistic mapping. The compressed sensing reconstruction algorithm utilizing a chunking algorithmic strategy is employed to reconstruct high-frequency phase signals. Experimental results demonstrate that the scheme can accurately restore 300 kHz high-frequency sinusoidal signals and multi-frequency composite signals over a 5 km sensing fiber, achieving a performance level 30 times the initial upper-frequency response limit. Moreover, data requirements are reduced to only 2.2 % of the Nyquist sampling rate. Therefore, this chaotic pseudorandom sampling compressed sensing reconstruction scheme effectively enhances the frequency response performance of the Φ-OTDR system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113973"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-inspired multi-point positioning fiber array sensor with epidermis-dermis interlocking structure","authors":"Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Yu Sun ,&nbsp;Chunlei Jiang ,&nbsp;Xianli Yu ,&nbsp;Zhen Huang ,&nbsp;Penghui Dai ,&nbsp;Zhicheng Cong ,&nbsp;Weijie Yan ,&nbsp;Mingjie Li ,&nbsp;Shuyue Wang ,&nbsp;Minfei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a passive bio-inspired multi-point positioning fiber array sensor (BMPFAS) based on an epidermal-dermal interlocking structure, which realizes optical spatial localization of six pressure contact points through a passive photonic tactile sensing array. The sensor adopts a ternary modular design comprising mechanoluminescence, waveguide transmission, and dual-channel detection. In the biomimetic transduction layer, a microstructured photonic emission array is constructed via embedded heterogeneous integration of quartz optical fibers and an inorganic luminescent matrix. Photons generated by mechanical-stimulus-induced mechanoluminescent (ML) materials are coupled into the fiber end-faces and transmitted through a multiplexed optical fiber network composed of cascaded 1 × 2 optical couplers, reaching a dual photomultiplier tube (PMT) terminal for synchronous intensity quantification and signal decoupling. A stress-field modulation mechanism is introduced via a gradient modulus ratio (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>E</mi><mrow><mi>upper</mi></mrow></msub><mo>:</mo><msub><mi>E</mi><mrow><mi>lower</mi></mrow></msub><mo>≈</mo><mn>1.8</mn><mo>:</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>), and combined with a self-healing ML layer, enabling a 154 % enhancement in luminescence intensity under dynamic surface deformation. This technological breakthrough provides a passive photonic solution for tactile perception in intelligent robotics, wearable health monitoring, and human–machine interface development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113938"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface defect detection of magnetic tile based on RT-DETR improved algorithm","authors":"Peng Shi ,&nbsp;Honghai Jiang ,&nbsp;Xueqin Li ,&nbsp;Xingwang Shang ,&nbsp;Jiayu Jiang ,&nbsp;Bo Huang ,&nbsp;Ruoyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Weibing Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advances in science and technology have led to an increased use of electric motors in various applications. The quality of magnetic tiles has a direct impact on the motor’s service life, underscoring the importance of detecting defects on the surface of these tiles. In order to address the challenges posed by the small dimensions, diverse shapes, and diminished contrast of magnetic tile defects, which result in suboptimal detection accuracy, frequent missed detections, and diminished efficiency of conventional detection methods, this paper proposes an enhanced algorithm based on RT-DETR and designs a magnetic tile surface defect detection system. In this enhanced algorithm, the conventional upsampling method is substituted by the Dysample in order to enhance the model’s capacity for retaining detail and its anti-aliasing capabilities, thus leading to an improvement in the accuracy of defect detection for small targets. Additionally, a DSBlock module, based on the DSConv, is proposed for integration into RepC3 with a view to enhancing the model’s ability to capture features at multiple scales. Furthermore, the RT-DETR loss function is substituted with WIoUv3 to address issues such as defect overlap, which can hinder the efficacy of defect detection. The experimental findings demonstrate that the AP, AP₅₀, and AR<span><math><msub><mspace></mspace><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>100</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> of the enhanced RT-DETR-DRW model are improved by 1.0 %, 1.6 %, and 1.7 %, respectively, in comparison with the baseline model. RT-DETR-DRW has been shown to outperform models such as YOLOv8l, RT-DETR-x and DFine-s in terms of detection accuracy and leakage for defect detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113956"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A polarization-independent two-dimensional grating with strong process robustness and high diffraction efficiency","authors":"Ruipeng Wang ,&nbsp;Zhendong Chi ,&nbsp;Guojun Yang ,&nbsp;Jiale Zuo ,&nbsp;Wenhao Li ,&nbsp;Zhongming Zheng ,&nbsp;Yanxiu Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To maintain groove profile consistency across large 2D gratings, this paper proposes a gold-based polarization-independent 2D grating that combines high process tolerance and excellent diffraction efficiency, thus enabling efficient fabrication of 2D gratings. By establishing a comprehensive perturbation model incorporating morphological errors, we analyze the coupling effects of material and geometric parameters on the (−1,0)-order diffraction efficiency of metallic 2D gratings for 780 nm transverse electric (TE) or transverse magnetic (TM) polarized light under Littrow incidence. Analysis results indicate that within tolerances of ±35 nm for groove depth, ±0.1 for duty cycle, and ±15° for sidewall angle, the dual-polarization diffraction efficiency remains above 60 %, with theoretical maximum efficiencies reaching 94.67 % for TE polarization and 92.96 % for TM polarization. Measurements on fabricated gold-coated 2D gratings using dual-beam interference lithography show that dual-polarization efficiencies consistently exceed 70 % when the duty cycle is adjusted with sidewall angle variations within ±15°. The optimal sample achieves 84.15 % TE efficiency and 84.32 % TM efficiency with a polarization imbalance of only 0.1 %, demonstrating excellent agreement between experimental results and theoretical predictions. The robust design presented here establishes an important theoretical foundation for fabricating large 2D gratings with high diffraction efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113966"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}