Chun Meng , Xu-Hui Bao , Yu-Xuan Ren , PanPan Yu , Fengya Lu , Jinhua Zhou , Min-Cheng Zhong
{"title":"Orbiting microparticle dimer with symmetry-breaking on photothermal Marangoni flow","authors":"Chun Meng , Xu-Hui Bao , Yu-Xuan Ren , PanPan Yu , Fengya Lu , Jinhua Zhou , Min-Cheng Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Light-fueled microparticle rotors, capable of continuous rotation under a static light source, hold significant potential for applications in optically driven micromachines, microfluidics, particle transport, and soft-matter nonlinear optics. However, achieving high-speed and directional rotation of microparticles using a static low-power-density light source remains a challenge. We propose asymmetric Marangoni flow to drive the rapid rotation of microparticles, and demonstrate that a dimeric active microparticle (DAP) exhibits high-speed directional rotation in a low-power-density annular optical trap at the water–air interface. The driving force arises from the asymmetric Marangoni flow induced by the non-uniform laser heating of the DAP. The average linear velocity of the DAP rotation is regulated by the laser power. Furthermore, the enhanced asymmetry results in larger rotation speed, which is experimentally corroborated by polystyrene sphere with larger diameter. The rotation speed of the particle depends on the competition between the increase in the viscous drag force in Marangoni flow and the increase in the viscous drag force in still water. Finally, the asymmetric Marangoni flow is successfully utilized to drive the rotation of trimeric active microparticles and cell-carrying DAPs. This technology, characterized by its low power density and small temperature rise, demonstrates promising potential for applications in active matter, microscale robotics, and drug/cell delivery microsystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113618"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong-yun He , Hong-wen Deng , Yi Hu , Xu Cheng , Yu-dai Wang , Bing-bing Zhang
{"title":"Influence of process parameters on bubble formation and melt pool dynamics during laser directed energy deposition via in-situ synchrotron X-ray imaging","authors":"Hong-yun He , Hong-wen Deng , Yi Hu , Xu Cheng , Yu-dai Wang , Bing-bing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Process parameters play a crucial role in the formation of pore defects in laser directed energy deposition of titanium alloy components; these defects significantly compromise the fatigue performance of the components. The pore defects always originate from trapped bubbles. However, most studies focused on post-analysis for pore defects after solidification. There are limited investigations on the influence of process parameters on bubble formation and retention during deposition using real-time observation. In this paper, the influence of laser power and scanning speed on both bubble formation and melt pool dynamics was studied via in-situ synchrotron X-ray imaging and numerical simulation. The formation, escape, and retention of bubbles during deposition process were quantitatively analyzed. Results show that the number of introduced and residual bubbles increased with increasing laser power (from 300 W to 400 W), but the residual bubble ratio initially increased and subsequently decreased. This trend is attributed to the enhancement of both Marangoni flow and heat input caused by increasing laser power. The stirring effect induced by the Marangoni flow not only enhances the introduction of bubbles but also facilitates their escape. Meanwhile, higher heat input prolonged the retention time of the melt pool, which benefits bubble escape. The residual bubble number was high under slow scanning speed of 500 mm/min, which can be attributed to the sustained downward inner gas pressure exerted by the laser beam on the bubbles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113611"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qi Yu , Zhanfeng Li , Yu Hua , Xiaohu Yang , Chunying Zhang , Yue Li , Xiaoxi Li , Tianjiao Li
{"title":"On-Orbit High-Precision spectral correction based on the Mie scattering","authors":"Qi Yu , Zhanfeng Li , Yu Hua , Xiaohu Yang , Chunying Zhang , Yue Li , Xiaoxi Li , Tianjiao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-precision spectral calibration is crucial for ensuring the quality of spectral data in on-orbit spectrometer operations. While the detected light typically enters the spectrometer system at normal incidence, the calibration light source often enters at oblique angles, which can significantly affect calibration results. Experimental observations indicate that oblique incidence causes variations in the energy distribution at the spectrometer’s entrance pupil, with the non-uniformity of this distribution identified as the primary cause of spectral drift. However, modelling diffuser plates remains inherently challenging due to the randomness introduced during their fabrication process. To address this, the present study develops a spectral calibration model based on Mie scattering theory and analyses the causes of spectral drift. By systematically analysing the diffuser plates and optical structures within the calibration system, it is found that the oblique angles of the calibration light source and the particle sizes of the diffuser plates are critical factors influencing calibration accuracy. Additionally, the impact of wavelength on spectral drift is predicted, providing a method for correcting high-precision on-orbit spectral calibration. This study offers a robust theoretical foundation and practical approach to enhance the calibration accuracy of on-orbit spectrometers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-directional sub-aperture wrapped phase aberration compensation for synthetic aperture digital holographic microscopy using deep learning","authors":"Liu Huang, Zhiwei Wang, Benyong Chen, Xiaping Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sensitivity of quantitative phase to subtle changes in the optical field makes synthetic aperture (SA) and phase retrieval affected by optical aberrations, limiting the imaging signal-to-noise ratio, reconstructed image quality and spatial resolution of synthetic aperture digital holographic microscopy (SA-DHM). In this paper, the constructed SA-DHM uses Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) to form the multi-directional oblique illumination (OI) and obtain a set of complementary apertures containing different spatial frequency information. A multi-directional sub-aperture wrapped phase aberration compensation method based on Moga-enhanced ConvNeXt architecture is proposed, and multiple multi-order gated aggregation blocks are integrated to directly construct the mapping relationship between the sub-aperture wrapped phase maps and the Zernike polynomial coefficients. A hybrid simulation dataset covering various types of micro/nano samples and phase aberrations is created, and a data augmentation method based on random linear combinations is introduced to enhance sample diversity and network generalization capability. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method achieves rapid and accurate aberration compensation and baseline unification of each sub-aperture prior to SA processing, enabling high-quality sub-aperture spectrum stitching and 1.87× super-resolution phase imaging, while eliminating the need for carrier frequency estimation, exact system parameters, or residual aberration correction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113595"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation-based optimization of dark current influenced by device parameters in InAs/GaSb LWIR detectors","authors":"Yaqi Zhao , Xiaoning Guan , Jinyi Cheng , Fan Zhang , Dongwei Jiang , Donghai Wu , Feng Zhou , Pengfei Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We presented the performance optimization of a pBiBn type-Ⅱ superlattice (T2SL) long-wavelength infrared detector. Through numerical simulations, we investigated how changes in device structure parameters (such as doping levels and layer thickness) affect electrical properties, including the energy band and dark current density of the pBiBn long-wavelength infrared detector. Based on semiconductor physics, including energy band structure and depletion region, we analyzed and explained the underlying mechanisms of these effects. As a result, we identified a set of optimal device structure parameters. The designed long-wavelength infrared detector incorporates two barriers, which effectively reduce the dark current. Simulation results show that the dark current density of our optimized InAs/GaSb double-barrier long-wavelength infrared detector, with an absorber layer T2SL bandgap of 0.0972 eV, can reach 1.27×10<sup>−4</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup> at 77 K and V<sub>bi</sub>= -100 mV, with the depletion zone width on the absorber layer side reduced to nearly zero.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113513"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yakun Liu , Wen Xiao , Xi Xiao , Hao Wang , Ran Peng , Jie Yang , Yuchen Feng , Qi Zhao , Feng Pan
{"title":"Deep learning-assisted holo-tomographic flow cytometry with sparse data","authors":"Yakun Liu , Wen Xiao , Xi Xiao , Hao Wang , Ran Peng , Jie Yang , Yuchen Feng , Qi Zhao , Feng Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of holo-tomographic flow cytometry represents an innovative approach that synergistically combines the strengths of both techniques. By exploiting the self-rotation of cells to capture multi-angle projection images, this method facilitates label-free, quantitative, and isotropic reconstruction of the refractive index (RI) distribution, offering a transformative perspective for high-throughput, three-dimensional (3D) cell analysis. Nevertheless, a significant challenge persists: achieving a balance between high throughput and sufficient sampling angles to ensure accurate RI reconstruction. To address the sparse-angle limitations imposed by high-throughput conditions, we proposed a physics-inspired neural network for RI distribution reconstruction under missing-angle scenarios. Our approach employed the filtered back-projection algorithm to reconstruct an initial RI distribution as the network’s input. Subsequently, a wave propagation model was used to compute the transmitted light field corresponding to the estimated RI distribution, which is compared to the experimentally measured light field to define the loss function. Through iterative training, the network refined the RI distribution until it converged to the reference reconstruction, without requiring any external training datasets, thereby enhancing the method’s versatility. We validated this approach by reconstructing the RI distributions of vacuole-containing ovarian cancer cells and colon cancer cells internalizing carbon nanoparticles, using 25%, 50%, and 75% of the total acquired phase images. The Feature Similarity Index was employed to evaluate the network’s performance quantitatively. By seamlessly integrating physical models with neural networks, this method introduces a novel paradigm for holo-tomographic flow cytometry, providing a pioneering solution for high-throughput 3D cell analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113623"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A telecentric-perspective heterogeneous stereo vision system and its calibration","authors":"Yuntao Hu, Liyan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The telecentric lens is highly efficacious for precise and detailed measurements, yet typical telecentric stereo vision systems face a significant challenge due to the limited overlapping Depth Of Field (DOF) between their two telecentric cameras. A Heterogeneous Stereo Vision System (HSVS) is developed for three-dimensional (3D) measurement, which consists of a telecentric and a perspective camera. The depth-invariant property of the telecentric imaging and the relative wider coverage of the perspective vision jointly facilitate the 3D measurements in some specific scenarios. A novel methodology for calibrating the HSVS is proposed, in which the pose ambiguity of the telecentric camera is solved in a more concise way. In addition, the stereo geometry parameters are optimized under the transformation consistency constraint to improve the accuracy and robustness. Experiments show that the proposed HSVS preserves high accuracy (an average distance deviation of 0.012 mm) within a relative lager working volume than that of a stereo vision system composed of two telecentric cameras.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113614"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aifei Pan , Wenjun Wang , Yang Hui , Xuesong Mei , Yong Xia , Meng Zhou , Ya-Qiong Su , Sikai Zhao
{"title":"Ultrafast electron dynamics of TiO2 and its ultrashort laser ablation mechanism: A modified model based on the electronic excitation and atomic bond rupture","authors":"Aifei Pan , Wenjun Wang , Yang Hui , Xuesong Mei , Yong Xia , Meng Zhou , Ya-Qiong Su , Sikai Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper reports on a modified ultrashort laser ablation model of TiO<sub>2</sub> via electron dynamics. The ultrashort electron dynamics of TiO<sub>2</sub> under a time-dependent density functional theory plus Hubbard U (TDDFT + U) framework are investigated, and an electron excitation rate equation is built. Aiming at the time-consuming TDDFT + U method for computation of the optical property in the excited state, a new method of a combination of electron excitation and finite electron temperature via DFT is proposed. The real and imaginary parts of the permittivity of TiO<sub>2</sub> obtained by the as-proposed method are almost the same as the data with TDDFT + U. Additionally, a comparison of the theoretical and experimental differences in transmission verifies the accuracy of the theoretical permittivity of TiO<sub>2</sub> in the excited state. Then, a new criterion for determining the critical electron density via bond rupture is also proposed. The structure relaxation of TiO<sub>2</sub> in the excited state is performed, and the critical electron density turns out to be 2.15 × 10<sup>28</sup> m<sup>−3</sup>. Last, the theoretical ablation thresholds with the pulse duration ranging from 240 fs to 6 ps are in good agreement with the experimental data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113588"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhuoxuan Song , Haoze Du , Lei Shen , Yuqi Li , Weiqin Wang , Zhiyong Zhao , Siqi Yan , Ming Tang
{"title":"Graded-Index 4-LP-Mode fiber with ultralow differential mode group delay","authors":"Zhuoxuan Song , Haoze Du , Lei Shen , Yuqi Li , Weiqin Wang , Zhiyong Zhao , Siqi Yan , Ming Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The few-mode fiber (FMF) plays a crucial role in mode division multiplexing systems. However, FMFs suffer from intermodal dispersion, which increases the bit error rate and the complexity of digital signal processing. In this letter, we report a trench-assisted graded-index fiber that supports four linearly polarized (LP) modes with a low differential mode group delay (DMGD). We propose a novel design-for-manufacturing strategy by integrating fabrication tolerance metrics into a genetic algorithm (GA) for simultaneous multi-parameter optimization. This co-optimization approach minimizes both DMGD and its sensitivity to structural perturbations, addressing a critical bottleneck in practical FMF deployment. A maximum DMGD of 15 ps/km is experimentally verified, which achieves the lowest record among all reported FMFs supporting more than 4 modes, representing a 50 % reduction compared to prior art. Moreover, 40 Gbps quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signals are transmitted through a 20 km FMF with low DMGD, achieving error-free reception without the need of dispersion compensation. The synergy of ultralow DMGD, large effective mode area, and high fabrication tolerance shows promise for simplifying MIMO in long-haul MDM and enabling high-capacity short-reach systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113612"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao Liu , Zhenru Wang , Yujin Cai , Shumin Dong , Lirong Qiu , Ruizhe Zhao , Ke-Mi Xu
{"title":"A femto-second laser processing method for cross-scale curved substrates based on confocal axial focusing","authors":"Chao Liu , Zhenru Wang , Yujin Cai , Shumin Dong , Lirong Qiu , Ruizhe Zhao , Ke-Mi Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Femto-second laser processing technology has been extensively applied in various areas including manufacture of micro-optical components, optical diffraction neural network, data storage, biomedical applications and so on. However, significant defocus problems during the processing on cross-scale curved surfaces hinder the improvement of processing accuracy with existing methods. In order to solve such problem, we demonstrate a femto-second laser processing method on cross-scale curved substrates with the assistance of confocal axial focusing. By utilizing the confocal axial focusing, precise processing on spherical lens is successfully achieved. Such method can process on a surface with a maximum tilted angle of <em>α<sub>max</sub></em> = 22.86° which verified by etching concentric circles on a spherical lens in the experiment. Based on our developed system, a Fresnel zone plate with a diameter of <em>D</em> = 15 mm is successfully processed on a spherical lens with a curvature radius of <em>R</em> = 103.36 mm. The processed Fresnel zone plate on the spherical lens exhibits the capabilities of dual-focal focusing and imaging. Our demonstrated method can be used for processing diffractive optical elements on cross-scale curved substrates, including anti-reflective window devices, telescope diffractive lenses, as well as microscope imaging lenses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113604"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}