Optics and Laser Technology最新文献

{"title":"Ultra-Stable, spatially uniform monochromatic beam generation via active flux stabilization and fractional Talbot Self-Imaging","authors":"Salim Ferhat,&nbsp;Julian Gröbner","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser-based stable and uniform sources are necessary in various radiometry applications such as spectroradiometry, imaging, materials processing and various device characterizations. This study presents an optical system that produces a highly stable and homogeneous monochromatic beam using commercially available optical components. The stabilized laser flux fluctuates within ± 40 ppm over multiple hours of operation. Beam homogenization is achieved through a microlens array-based beam integrator, expanding the beam into a uniform square profile exceeding 45 × 45 mm² with a spatial uniformity above 99.6 %. For a coherent source, the homogenized expanded beam is an array of regularly spaced, narrowly packed light spots (beamlets) of identical intensity. A computational model based on Fresnel diffraction, Fourier analysis, and fractional Talbot self-imaging phenomenon has been used here to predict the beam’s irradiance distribution and behaviour. The model showed good agreement with experimental results. With an output irradiance expanded uncertainty falling as low as 0.46 %, the system provides a precise and reliable platform for optical measurements calibration and device characterization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113964"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Femtosecond EOFCs with tunable and high repetition frequency based on optically injected DL-OEO and parametric frequency mixer","authors":"Weiyu Dai ,&nbsp;Jiahui Lin ,&nbsp;Tongtong Xie ,&nbsp;Yudong Cui ,&nbsp;Yusheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Hongyan Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a stable femtosecond electro-optic frequency comb (EOFC) based on a dual-loop optoelectronic oscillator (DL-OEO) and a parametric frequency mixer is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The DL-OEO is composed of an intensity modulator, a phase modulator, and two optoelectronic feedback loops, where optical injection into a semiconductor laser with a Period-one (P1) state is used in the DL-OEO loop for selecting the corresponding microwave signal. Hence, a seed EOFC with tunable and high repetition frequency can be generated and simultaneously be pulse-compressed through the long optical fiber used in the DL-OEO. Then, the seed pulse is sent into a parametric frequency mixer to further compress the pulse width to the order of femtoseconds. In the proof-of-principle experiment, EOFCs with tunable repetition frequency from 10.20 GHz to 18.21 GHz were generated, where the pulse width can be compressed to ∼ 300 fs, a 10 dB spectral width of 20.75 nm, and 216 comb lines. The proposed femtosecond EOFC has broad application prospects in precision measurement, optical communication, quantum computing, and other fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113982"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A strong mechanical riveting structure in PC and PBT/GF induced by dual-wavelength during laser transmission welding","authors":"Yani Chen,&nbsp;Haiyu Qiao,&nbsp;Ning Jiang,&nbsp;Yayun Liu,&nbsp;Fanshuo Jia,&nbsp;Chuanyang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-quality plastic joining techniques using welding are urgently required in many engineering areas. Controlling morphology formation in joints plays an important role in the final quality, but relatively controlling methods are still challenging. In this paper, we propose an in-situ formed mechanical riveting structure between polycarbonate (PC) and polybutylene terephthalate reinforced with 10 % glass fiber (PBT/GF), which is induced by dual-wavelength through a home-made setup. First, the spectral properties of PC and PBT/GF are investigated to analyze optical differences at wavelengths of 980 nm and 1710 nm. Morphological characterizations reveal a significant number of glass fibers migrated across the interface and reached the PC side, forming a robust mechanical structure. These migrated glass fibers, serving as a mechanical rivet, could increase the tensile performance of the joints along with interfacial fusion bonding. Furthermore, the simulated temperature field indicates that employing a 980 nm laser effectively increases the welding temperature while preventing the thermal decomposition of the materials. The tensile test results show that the maximum tensile force using the 1710-PC//980-PBT/GF welding method, reaching 29.80 %, 20.40 %, and 111.3 % higher than that of 980-PC, 1710-PC, and 980-PC//1710-PBT/GF joints. And the corresponding displacement achieves 2.0-fold, 1.5-fold, and 4.0-fold increases compared to the above control groups. The fracture surface of the substrate and interfacial failure validate that the improved mechanical performance of joints could be attributed to the formation of a mechanical riveting structure. This paper verifies that dual laser beams could properly regulate the welding temperature field, control the morphology, and enhance the joint’s final performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113984"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly optical feedback-tolerant single-mode monolithic coupled-cavity laser with a high-Q deformed square microcavity","authors":"Zhong Dong ,&nbsp;Biwei Hu ,&nbsp;Zhenning Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Shi ,&nbsp;Zunhao Hu ,&nbsp;Youling Chen ,&nbsp;Jinlong Xiao ,&nbsp;Yuede Yang ,&nbsp;Yongzhen Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have proposed and experimentally demonstrated an external optical feedback insensitive coupled-cavity laser featuring a deformed square microcavity. By optimizing the microcavity structure, we effectively suppress higher-order whispering-gallery modes, enabling stable lasing in a high-quality (<em>Q</em>) coupled mode with excellent single-mode characteristics and low relative intensity noise. Through the synergistic effect of introducing high-<em>Q</em> lasing mode and increasing the photon number ratio within the microcavity, the deformed coupled-cavity laser achieves significantly enhanced feedback tolerance compared to the conventional design, maintaining stable single-mode operation even at a feedback intensity ratio of −11 dB. Furthermore, owing to the elimination of complex fabrication processes, this laser presents a promising solution for isolator-free light sources in future photonic integrated circuits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113985"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MaskGAN: a virtual photoacoustic histological staining method with interest region compensation based on deep learning","authors":"Tianhe Heng ,&nbsp;Xiaobao Wang ,&nbsp;Guang Li ,&nbsp;Yu Xia ,&nbsp;Yuchen Ning ,&nbsp;Yijie Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaocong Yuan ,&nbsp;Lingxiao Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Song","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultraviolet photoacoustic microscopy (UV-PAM) enables the visualization of cell nuclei by leveraging the endogenous optical absorption contrast of DNA and RNA, eliminating the need for complex and time-consuming sample preparation steps such as staining. However, photoacoustic histological images are typically presented as grayscale maps based on photoacoustic signal intensity, which differ substantially from the hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) stained images that pathologists are accustomed to interpreting. This mismatch limits the clinical translation of photoacoustic imaging in pathological applications. To address this challenge, we propose a virtual staining method for photoacoustic histological imaging based on a region-of-interest (ROI) compensation mechanism. The method employs a prior-guided weakly supervised model built upon a cycle-consistent network architecture, with an additional constraint using binary cross-entropy loss applied to nuclear masks of real and generated images. This design enables the model to focus on learning biologically meaningful latent mappings while suppressing non-essential information such as image noise. Experimental results show that the introduction of the ROI compensation mechanism leads to significant improvements in multi-dimensional image quality metrics across network depths ranging from 10 to 22 layers. Moreover, it yields lower quantification errors in nuclear features. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, MaskGAN achieves the best performance across all evaluated metrics, demonstrating superior capabilities in virtual staining and intra-nuclear detail preservation. This virtual staining approach effectively circumvents the need for labor-intensive clinical histological staining procedures, offering promising potential for clinical translation. The full networks are available at <span><span>https://github.com/tianhe6HH/MaskGAN/tree/master</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113965"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple spectroscopies of carbon dots synthesized by laser ablation in biocompatible liquids","authors":"L. Torrisi ,&nbsp;B. Fazio ,&nbsp;A. Serra ,&nbsp;D. Manno ,&nbsp;A. Torrisi ,&nbsp;M. Cutroneo","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113986","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113986","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon dots (CDs) are quantum particles of carbon-based nanomaterials with a size lower than 10 nm. They can be synthesized by the laser ablation of different types of carbon targets placed in liquids.</div><div>They have particular properties, such as high penetration of biological membranes, high luminescence induced by UV excitation, and high biocompatibility, which confer special interest for bioimaging, diagnosis, photodynamic therapy, photocatalysis, solar cells, and other interesting applications.</div><div>The technique for preparing CDs dispersion using an ns pulsed Nd:YAG laser operating at the fundamental frequency is presented and described in detail.</div><div>Four different green targets producing high-luminescent CD dispersions were investigated: graphite, vegetal carbon (charcoal), bay leaves, and Saccharina latissima algae.</div><div>The CD dispersions in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) biocompatible solution, with a neutral pH, have been investigated using various optical spectroscopic techniques, including luminescence detection, UV–visible absorbance and transmittance measurements, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and others.</div><div>TEM investigations were also presented to provide information about the carbon nucleus size and shape, as well as the types of molecules that can be bonded to functionalize the synthesized CDs.</div><div>Some biological and medical applications and potential future developments of the CD-based devices will be presented and discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113986"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dimensionality reduction of medical hyperspectral images based on GPCA-multiscale tensor low-rank graph embedding","authors":"Shufang Xu ,&nbsp;Qi Fu ,&nbsp;Min Zhu ,&nbsp;Xinyu Sun ,&nbsp;Ruizhe Liu ,&nbsp;Bo Jia ,&nbsp;Hongmin Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early pathological diagnosis plays a vital role in disease treatment. Medical microscopic hyperspectral imaging technology provides a new perspective for the early detection of diseases. However, the large number of spectral bands introduces a wealth of spectral features, which leads to data redundancy and noise. This not only significantly affects image recognition and classification performance but also increases computational and storage demands. To address this problem, this paper proposes a novel dimensionality reduction framework based on grouped principal component analysis multiscale low-rank graph embedding (GPCA-MLRGE). Specifically, Grouped Principal Component Analysis (GPCA) and skip-connection module achieve a balance between feature compression and local information retention, which significantly reduces the computational complexity; the multi-scale tensor low-rank graph embedding module effectively extracts the spatial-spectral synergistic features of cancerous regions by using the hierarchical feature fusion mechanism. Finally, the extracted spatial spectrum features are fed into a commonly used Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier to verify the dimensionality reduction effect. The experimental results on the precancerous lesions in gastric cancer (PLGC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) datasets validates the effectiveness of the method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113952"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Femtosecond laser direct writing functional microstructures on recombinant human Ⅲ-Type collagen with sub-micron morphological feature","authors":"Qisong Li ,&nbsp;Jincheng Jiang ,&nbsp;Jian Jin ,&nbsp;Wuqing Hong ,&nbsp;Shihui Zhu ,&nbsp;Yi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Femtosecond laser direct writing based on multiphoton polymerization exhibits a powerful ability for additive manufacturing of micro- and nano- structures, possessing a number of promising applications in many areas, especially in biology and cell cultures due to the biocompatibility, high-precision and noncontact fabrication route. Cutting-edge biological applications often entail the renew materials, therefore exploiting the microstructure manufacturing of them is necessary for creating reliable solutions. In this study, we report, to the best of our knowledge, the first successful fabrication of recombinant human Ⅲ-Type collagen (RHC III chain) microstructure with sub-micron morphological feature using femtosecond laser multiphoton polymerization. By adjusting the laser power and scanning speed, a lateral fabrication resolution of ∼468.1 nm for RHC III chain is obtained in 2D line voxels, which shows high-precision manufacturing capability of femtosecond laser direct writing. In the meantime, the 2D and quasi-3D microstructures on RHC III chain are constructed to demonstrate the arbitrary fabrication ability. Furthermore, an innovative fusion has come to our work that promises to significantly achieve the interdisciplinary combination of RHC III chain material and optics. Functional optical devices including grating, microlens and Fresnel zone plate constructed of RHC III chains exhibit not only favorable optical performance but also remarkable biological stability without changing with the surrounding environment. Besides, microstructural scaffolds based-RHC III chain demonstrates cells or neuros can be increased or gathered on the scaffold through the cell culture experiment. This study presents a novel approach for engineering complex microstructures and micropatterns in RHC III chains with sub-micrometer topological features, achieving the combination of optics and biology, which promotes the development of biophotonics and tissue repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113983"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal object detection method based on bidirectional dynamic sampling and adaptive Cross-Modal fusion","authors":"Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Keyan Dong ,&nbsp;Yansong Song ,&nbsp;Gong Zhang ,&nbsp;Gangqi Yan ,&nbsp;Tianci Liu ,&nbsp;Yanbo Wang ,&nbsp;Yuqing Li ,&nbsp;Xinhang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of visible (RGB) and infrared (IR) images have garnered extensive attention in fields such as object detection, object tracking, and scene segmentation. The complementarity of the perceptual information of these two modalities enables robust detection in all-weather and complex environments. Existing RGB-IR fusion methods have made notable progress in enhancing detection accuracy but still face problems such as modality alignment errors and insufficient feature fusion, which severely undermine detection performance. To address these challenges, we propose a model named Dynamic Communication Transformer (DynaComFormer), which can simultaneously resolve the problems of modality alignment errors and insufficient fusion precision. Within DynaComFormer, we have designed two modules: the Bidirectional Adaptive Sampling Module (BASM) and the Cross-Complementary Fusion Module (C²Fusion module). The BASM enhances the feature alignment accuracy between modalities through a dynamically guided sampling strategy while effectively reducing computational complexity. The C²Fusion module leverages self-attention mechanisms to establish efficient information interaction channels between two modalities, achieving complementary fusion of deep semantic features. We conducted experimental analyses in complex environments, such as rainy weather, strong light, and smoke. The results demonstrate that our detection performance surpasses other fusion algorithms and non-fusion algorithms by 2% to 10%.The code is available at https://github.com/alei147258/DynaComFormer-main.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113996"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic fluid coated mirror polarization maintaining long-period fiber grating vector magnetic field probe","authors":"Di Tong ,&nbsp;Chunbo Su ,&nbsp;Liyong Dai ,&nbsp;Ze Yu ,&nbsp;Vladimir R. Tuz ,&nbsp;Tao Geng","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article proposes and demonstrates a mirror polarization maintaining long-period fiber grating (MPMF-LPFG) vector magnetic field probe, which not only achieves vector magnetic field measurement, but also operates in reflection mode, providing a more suitable solution for the design of magnetic field sensing probes. The sensor is realized by embedding a bias-preserving fiber into a single-mode fiber with a reflective structure wrapped with a magnetic fluid (MF) for magnetic field measurement. The experimental results show that within the range of 1–10 mT, the maximum magnetic field intensity sensitivity and orientation sensitivity of the sensor are −0.6927 nm/mT and 0.149 nm/°, respectively, and the length of the grating region is only 3.25 mm. In addition, the surfaces of the overall structure remain circularly symmetrical and structural strength is ensured. The sensor proposed in this paper is compact and simple to fabricate and is expected to be used in the field of magnetic field detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113994"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}