Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Ellagic acid ameliorates atherosclerosis by inhibiting PCSK9 through the modulation of FoxO3 and HNF1α","authors":"Li-Tian Wang Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Huai-Liu Yin M.D. ,&nbsp;Ya-Min Jin M.D. ,&nbsp;Dan-Dan Hu Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Xiang-Xuan Yang M.D. ,&nbsp;Jun Sheng Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Ye-Wei Huang Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Xuan-Jun Wang Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) hinders the clearance of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by promoting the degradation of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), leading to the accumulation of LDL-C and thus becoming an important cause of atherosclerosis. Ellagic acid, a naturally occurring polyphenol widely present in fruits, vegetables, and nuts, has attracted significant attention due to its potential role in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ellagic acid alleviates atherosclerosis by inhibiting PCSK9 are not fully understood.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>This study further validated the mechanism of action of ellagic acid through in vitro HepG2 cell experiments and a high-fat diet-induced ApoE^−/− mouse model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that ellagic acid significantly reduced the expression and secretion of PCSK9 while upregulating LDLR protein levels; its mechanism is related to the inhibition of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α (HNF1α) expression and the promotion of forkhead box O3 (FoxO3) expression increase. Additionally, ellagic acid reduced aortic plaque deposition in mice induced by a high-fat diet; consistent with the in vitro experimental results, ellagic acid lowered the expression and secretion of PCSK9 and elevated LDLR protein levels by inhibiting HNF1α and increased FoxO3 expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In summary, this study demonstrates that ellagic acid inhibits PCSK9 by regulating HNF1α and FoxO3, thereby increasing LDLR levels and alleviating atherosclerosis. This finding not only consolidates the scientific basis of plant-based diets for preventing cardiovascular diseases but also provides an important direction for developing functional foods and nutritional intervention strategies based on natural polyphenols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112717"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous Vitamin C in Critically Ill Adult Patients With Burns: An Integrative Review","authors":"Juan Novoa M.D. ,&nbsp;Gil Hardy Ph.D., F.R.S.C. ,&nbsp;Ignacio Aramendi M.D. ,&nbsp;William Manzanares Ph.D., M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early fluid resuscitation may cause fluid overload in seriously ill burn patients, which is associated with losses of micronutrients and poor clinical outcomes. Over the past two to three decades, several animal studies and clinical trials have demonstrated that high-dose intravenous vitamin C may reduce fluid requirements, body weight gain, and wound edema, improving gas exchange and renal function in the acute phase after burn injury. Vitamin C is a scavenger of oxygen free radicals in the endothelium, which can limit the inflammatory response and ischemia–reperfusion injury, promoting wound healing. Nonetheless, current knowledge is not entirely conclusive. Research that leads to a better understanding of the vitamin's pharmacokinetics/dynamics is a first requirement before embarking on well-powered, well-designed clinical trials that still need to be conducted. This review aims to summarize vitamin C status in burn patients and its biological properties, in order to evaluate the rationale and most current evidence for routine supplementation, as recommended by current clinical guidelines, and the potential for high-dose vitamin C as a pharmaconutrient in critically ill burn patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112728"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of vitamin D replacement therapy on 28 cases of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination","authors":"Shinichiro Kodama M.D. ,&nbsp;Nafuko Konishi M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Yuriko Hirai B.A. ,&nbsp;Akinori Fujisawa M.D. ,&nbsp;Mitsuko Nakata Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Satoshi Teramukai Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Masanori Fukushima M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Prolonged symptoms have been reported following both COVID-19 infection and vaccination, with some cases leading to myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Of 80 patients presenting to our hospital with postvaccination syndrome, 28 met the diagnostic criteria for ME/CFS. We conducted a retrospective study on these 28 patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in 28 patients who developed ME/CFS after COVID-19 vaccination between August 2022 and February 2024. Vitamin D replacement therapy included dietary counseling, sun exposure recommendations, and oral vitamin D supplementation. We evaluated changes in blood vitamin D levels and symptom improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At initial visit, 27 of 28 patients diagnosed with ME/CFS had insufficient or deficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (16 ± 4 ng/mL, mean ± SD). Following vitamin D replacement therapy, we observed an increase in blood vitamin D levels (28 ± 5 ng/mL) associated with a decrease in ME/CFS diagnostic symptoms (from 10.3 ± 2.1 to 3.3 ± 2.0). Notably, 23 of 28 patients (82%) no longer met ME/CFS diagnostic criteria after the therapy. Among the symptoms, sleep problems showed the most improvement (71%), followed by autonomic symptoms (68%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>For patients developing ME/CFS after COVID-19 vaccination with insufficient or deficient vitamin D levels, appropriate vitamin D replacement therapy under medical guidance may lead to symptomatic relief. We are preparing a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin D replacement therapy in individuals with ME/CFS who have developed vitamin D deficiency following COVID-19 infection or vaccination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112718"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143629400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between dietary B vitamin intakes and cognitive function among elderly individuals: An observational study","authors":"Qingshou Chen M.Med ,&nbsp;Jie Huang M.Med ,&nbsp;Xiaocong Shi M.Med ,&nbsp;Yuhui Peng M.Med ,&nbsp;Aixia Chen M.Med ,&nbsp;Lingling Huang M.Med ,&nbsp;Yuanfeng Zhang MD ,&nbsp;Xue Chen M.Med","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the associations between dietary B vitamin intakes and the prevalence of cognitive impairment among elderly individuals in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional analysis, based on data from 2716 participants aged 60 years or older in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2014. Dietary intakes of six B vitamins (vitamins B1, B2, niacin, B6, total folate, and B12) were assessed using two 24-hour dietary recalls. Cognitive function was evaluated through the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease word list learning test, the Animal Fluency Test, and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test. Associations between dietary B vitamin intakes and cognitive impairment were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline regression, and weighted quantile sum regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher dietary intakes of B vitamins were inversely associated with the prevalence of cognitive impairment. Participants in the highest quartile of intake showed reduced odds of cognitive impairment compared to the lowest quartile for vitamin B1 (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29–0.97), vitamin B2 (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.29–1.02), niacin (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.15–0.65), vitamin B6 (OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.26–0.79), total folate (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.31–0.89), and vitamin B12 (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.25–0.95). Restricted cubic spline analysis showed linear and inverse exposure-response relationships for all six vitamins without evidence of non-linearity. The weighted quantile sum regression indicated a combined protective effect of dietary B vitamins on cognitive impairment (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65–0.89), with niacin contributing most to the association (weight: 0.48).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher dietary B vitamin intakes may be linked to a lower prevalence of cognitive impairment among older adults in the US. These findings suggest that adequate consumption of dietary B vitamins may be beneficial for maintaining cognitive health. Further, longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fat mass is responsible for increased plasma and whole blood viscosity in obesity","authors":"Serpil Cecen MD ,&nbsp;Sena Ebru Caglar PhD ,&nbsp;Zozan Guleken PhD ,&nbsp;Yunus Karakoc PhD ,&nbsp;Seher Tanrıkulu PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Our study is centered around a pivotal question: How does the increase in adipose tissue, which defines obesity, impact hemorheological parameters? By delving into this question, we aim to underscore the crucial role of fat tissue increase in obesity, a topic of significant interest and importance in the field of physiology and obesity research.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 and above were included in this study. Height was measured with bare feet on flat surface, then, using the bioimpedance device (Tanita-BC418), weight, BMI, fat percentage, fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass were determined. Using the Brookfield viscometer, several shear rates were utilized (for whole blood, 75, 150, 300, and 450 sec^–1; for plasma 450 sec^–1) in accordance with established standards and test procedures. Whole blood and plasma viscosity were studied in Hamidiye Medical Faculty Hemorheology laboratory.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Plasma viscosity in the obese group was significantly (<em>P</em> = 0.01) higher than in the non-obese group, and increased statistically in proportion to weight, BMI, FM, fat-free mass (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in the obese group. At shear rates of 300 and 450 sec^–1 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) were determined statistically significant differences between the obese and nonobese groups in whole blood viscosity (WBV). In the obese group, WBV at a shear rate of 75, 150, 300, and 450 sec^–1 showed a positive correlation with weight, BMI, FM (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Increased adipose tissue significantly affect plasma and blood viscosities in obesity. The increase in plasma and WBV is directly associated with the increase in adipose tissue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, impact, and management of adult disease-related malnutrition in African hospitals: a narrative review and insight from resource-limited clinical settings","authors":"Lauren Terese Hill ,&nbsp;Fathima Abdoola ,&nbsp;Harriet Gyamfuah Adu-Amoah ,&nbsp;Iyanuolowa Akinyemi ,&nbsp;Razia Ali ,&nbsp;Eric Anku ,&nbsp;Bona Mwiinga Hamoonga ,&nbsp;Kondwani Katundu ,&nbsp;Rosaline Ilukani Sinkala ,&nbsp;African Clinical Nutrition Consortium","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) is a worldwide problem regarded as a global policy priority, but occurs on an exaggerated scale in Africa. While interpretation of studies is difficult due to the variety of nutrition assessment techniques, DRM in acute care in-patient African settings is commonly reported in the range of 45–75%, with nutritional risk reaching 84%. Challenges to the comprehensive management of DRM in the resource-limited clinical settings with few dietitians reviewed in this paper include the following: first, lack of routine nutrition screening resulting in more than 90% of malnourished or at-risk patients failing to receive nutrition support referrals, or receiving very delayed referrals. The result is worsening of nutritional status during hospital stay, clinical complications two to six times higher, up to a doubling of length of stay, and significantly higher mortality. Second, hospital structures are generally unsupportive of worthwhile nutritional care due to very poor or absent provision of nutritious oral diets, lack of multidisciplinary insight and collaboration, and the nonexistence of formalized nutrition support protocols and standards. Third, there is a grave lack of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) products and feeding pumps, forcing dietitians to improvise suboptimal formulations for enteral and parenteral feeding. Where MNT is available it is expensive and often not reimbursed, placing the responsibility for acquisition onto patients’ families at their own expense. Urgent improvements in nutrition protocols adapted for resource-constrained contexts are needed, along with political commitment to facilitate the supply of suitable MNT products and equipment for use in hospitals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112713"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial effect of Juncus effusus extract powder enriched with dehydroeffusol on the cognitive and dexterous performance of elderly people: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study","authors":"Atsushi Takeda Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Kazuyuki Mizuyama M.D. ,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Fukuda Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Hiroki Ikeda B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Masaharu Okawara B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Yasuhito Akagi B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Shinji Ikeura B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Haruna Tamano Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On the basis of the evidence that dehydroeffusol prevents human amyloid-β-induced memory deficit and neurodegeneration in mice, here we tested the effect of a <em>Juncus effusus</em> extract powder enriched with dehydroeffusol on the cognitive and dexterous performance of elderly people. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted in 41 participants (averaged age: 69 years) randomly divided into test and placebo groups who received a test tablet and a placebo tablet, respectively, once a day for 24 weeks. Changes in cognitive function were assessed using the Five-Cog test 24 weeks after the start of intake. The task scores of the test group were significantly higher in the clue recall and clock-drawing tasks than in the placebo group, suggesting that intake of <em>J. effusus</em> extract powder may improve the cognitive function of elderly people. Moreover, the task score of the test group was significantly higher for the assembly task in the dexterity test than the placebo group, suggesting that intake of <em>J. effusus</em> extract powder may improve the dexterous movement of elderly people. No adverse events were clinically observed during the study. The present study first suggests that intake of <em>J. effusus</em> extract powder enriched with dehydroeffusol is of benefit to the cognitive and dexterous performance of elderly people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112712"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthful plant-based diet and incidence of hypertension in Brazilian adults: A six-year follow-up of the CUME study","authors":"Fernanda Maria Oliveira da Silva M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Adriano Marçal Pimenta Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Josefina Bressan Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Studies demonstrate that consuming plant-based diets has beneficial effects on several health outcomes. However, the evaluation of the healthiness of plant-based diets and the incidence of hypertension has still been little explored in the literature. Objectives: Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the association between plant-based diet indices and the incidence of hypertension in Brazilian adults and test whether the interaction between hPDI, sociodemographic, and lifestyle variables modifies this association. Methods: This longitudinal study included 3192 (F = 2125, average age 34 years) participants from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais (CUME Study, Brazil, 2016-2022). Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We measured three plant-based diet indices: overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI). Participants were classified as new cases of hypertension if they were free of this disease at baseline, had a systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, were using antihypertensive medications, or had a diagnosis of hypertension by a physician in at least one of the follow-ups. Crude and adjusted Cox regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between plant-based diet indices and hypertension incidence and a multiplicative interaction was tested. Results: The incidence of hypertension was 19,8/1000 person-years total. The mean follow-up time was 3.36 years. There was an inverse association between the highest quintiles of hPDI (HR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.37–0.86; HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.35–0.88) and hypertension. In subgroup analysis, inverse associations between hPDI and hypertension risk were stronger in participants who were insufficiently active and overweight (p-interaction &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Greater consumption of healthful plant foods, reduced consumption of animal-source foods, and less consumption of unhealthful plant foods are important for hypertension prevention in the Brazilian population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keto-Therapy: Unveiling the Potential of Ketogenic Diet in Psychiatric Care—A Scoping Review","authors":"Margherita Boltri ,&nbsp;Alberto Scalia ,&nbsp;Federico Brusa ,&nbsp;Francesca Manzo ,&nbsp;Emanuela Apicella ,&nbsp;Leonardo Mendolicchio","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Within the framework of gut–brain interactions, the ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and moderate-protein dietary intervention, has gained attention for its potential in psychiatric care. Renowned for its efficacy in managing obesity, KD has demonstrated effectiveness in facilitating weight loss and inducing favorable metabolic changes in the short term. With its established benefits in neurological disorders, KD is now being investigated as a potential therapeutic avenue for individuals with psychiatric conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This scoping review aims to summarize the latest studies on this topic, consider clinical implications, and suggest future research directions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Records were systematically (PRISMA-ScR guidelines) identified through PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost searches.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 58 studies were initially identified, with 13 meeting the eligibility criteria. While clinical trials remain limited, emerging evidence from case reports, case series, and pilot studies highlights the potential of a KD in reducing symptoms across psychiatric conditions, including mood disorders, psychotic disorders, alcohol use, and eating disorders. A KD shows potential in reducing cravings in eating and alcohol use disorders by stabilizing brain metabolism and modulating addictive behaviors, while its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects may contribute to symptom improvement in mood and psychotic disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Implementing a KD in patients with mental disorders seems to be a feasible and well-tolerated approach, resulting in psychiatric symptom reduction and improvements in metabolic health. Most interestingly, research suggests that KD can also be safely implemented in the care of patients with addictive-like eating disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmental phase angle and the extracellular to intracellular water ratio are associated with functional disability in community-dwelling older adults: A follow-up study of up to 12 years","authors":"Yujiro Asano MS ,&nbsp;Kenji Tsunoda PhD ,&nbsp;Koki Nagata PhD ,&nbsp;Namhoon Lim MS ,&nbsp;Taishi Tsuji PhD ,&nbsp;Kyohei Shibuya MS ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Okura PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Muscle quality, including phase angle (PhA) and extracellular to intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratio, assessed using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MF-BIA) to reflect the contractile components of the muscle, muscle cell mass, and membrane condition, is associated with health outcomes. However, its association with the incidence of disabilities remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between whole-body and segmental PhA, ECW/ICW ratio, and the incidence of functional disability compared to conventional muscle mass.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 858 older adults aged ≥65 years without functional disability at baseline were followed up for 12 years. Functional disabilities were identified using the database of the Japanese Long-Term Care Insurance System. Segmental muscle quality was assessed using the raw parameters of MF-BIA, including segmental PhA and the ECW/ICW resistance ratio. For comparison, the appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) and legMI were obtained using MF-BIA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Functional disability was identified in 258 (30.1%) participants. Cox regression analysis showed that poorer leg PhA and ECW/ICW resistance ratios were significantly associated with a higher incidence of functional disability in both sexes, independent of covariates. A dose-response relationship indicated a higher risk for individuals with values below the median in the spline analysis. Conventional ALMI and legMI were not significantly associated with functional disability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PhA and ECW/ICW ratio, especially in the leg, is a better predictor of functional disability than muscle mass. Muscle quality by BIA may be a useful biomarker for screening for future disabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}