Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Mediterranean diet in cancer patients’ survival: A systematic review and meta-analysis for tertiary prevention featured in the Italian National Guidelines “La Dieta Mediterranea”","authors":"Daniele Nucci M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Francesco Saverio Ragusa M.D. ,&nbsp;Nicola Veronese M.D. ,&nbsp;Antonella Brunello M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Alessandro Laviano M.D. ,&nbsp;Massimo Volpe M.D. ,&nbsp;Stefania Maggi M.D. ,&nbsp;Graziano Onder M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Marco Silano M.D. ,&nbsp;Michela Zanetti M.D. ,&nbsp;Elena Alonzo M.D. ,&nbsp;Lucilla Crudele M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Martina Fichera M.D. ,&nbsp;Cristina Giussani M.D. ,&nbsp;Alessandro Misotti R.D.N., M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Barbara Paolini M.D. ,&nbsp;Ilaria Trestini R.D., M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Vincenza Gianfredi M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Mediterranean Diet Guideline Group","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cancer remains a leading global health burden, yet survival rates are improving due to better prevention and treatment advances. In this systematic review and meta-analysis we investigate the impact of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) on overall and disease-free survival in cancer patients across various cancer types.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 and MOOSE guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library was performed up to February 28, 2024. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated with the NUTRIGRADE approach. Pooled effect sizes were computed using a random-effects model and expressed as risk ratios, hazard ratios (HR), or odds ratios.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 8314 records initially identified, 17 studies were included; sample sizes ranged from 23 to 6457. Moderate-certainty evidence showed that higher adherence to the MD was associated with reduced overall mortality in cancer patients (risk ratio: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94–0.98), including subgroups with head and neck (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.84–1.00), ovarian (HR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.56–0.87), prostate (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95–0.99), breast (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96–0.98), and gastric cancer (HR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.45–0.55). Moderate-certainty evidence supported improved disease-free survival in patients with breast cancer (HR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.15–0.72).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher adherence to the MD correlates with improved survival and quality of life in various cancers. It is therefore a promising, sustainable strategy to be integrated in cancer care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 113071"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between spicy food consumption and inflammatory bowel disease: A case-control study from Saudi Arabia","authors":"Anas Almofarreh M.D., M.P.H. ,&nbsp;Haytham A. Sheerah M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Ahmed Arafa M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Tareq Moh’d M.D. ,&nbsp;Rayan A. Tayyib M.D. ,&nbsp;Ahad N. Yamani M.D., M.P.H. ,&nbsp;Aidrous M. Ali M.D., M.P.H.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder with increasing global prevalence. Although dietary factors are increasingly implicated in IBD pathogenesis, the role of spicy food remains unclear, especially in Arab populations where such foods are commonly consumed. This study aimed to examine the association between spicy food consumption and the risk of UC and CD in an Arab population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a case-control study at a private clinic in Saudi Arabia, involving 157 patients with UC, 226 with CD, and 390 controls. IBD was diagnosed using laboratory tests, endoscopy with biopsies, and imaging when indicated. Spicy food was defined as dishes made with chili peppers or hot sauces and was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between spicy food intake and IBD risk, and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Daily consumption of spicy food was significantly associated with higher odds of CD (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.33), but not UC (OR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.67, 1.60). No significant associations were observed between spicy food and IBD extent or severity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this Arab population, daily spicy food intake was positively associated with CD risk, while no association was identified for UC. Future prospective cohort studies with detailed information about spicy food types and IBD severity scores are needed to confirm our findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 113087"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in raw bioelectrical impedance parameters as markers of body composition in youth: A prospective cohort investigation","authors":"Gil B Rosa M.D. ,&nbsp;Ruben Francisco Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Analiza M Silva Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Henry C Lukaski Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Luís B Sardinha Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Despite cross-sectional evidence supporting raw bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) parameters as informative markers of body composition in youth, their role from a longitudinal perspective remains unclear. We examined how 1-y changes in phase angle (PhA) and other raw BIA parameters were associated with changes in body components at multiple levels in children and adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a 1-y prospective cohort investigation, including 562 healthy and on-time matured youth (51.6% females), we assessed raw BIA parameters with a phase-sensitive 50 kHz BIA device and examined body composition through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and related models. The association between changes in raw BIA parameters and changes in body composition by sex and peak height velocity (PHV) stage was analyzed using multiple linear regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PhA was positively associated with changes in fat-related components, fat-free mass, extracellular water, fluids and solids, osseous minerals, and muscle tissue in females (<em>β</em> = 0.088–0.150; <em>P</em> ≤ 0.05) and with alterations in most body components in males (<em>β</em> = 0.098–0.300; <em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). Similar trends to those of males were observed in both sexes during post-PHV (females: <em>β</em> = 0.149–0.297; males: <em>β</em> = 0.185–0.352; <em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). Other series and parallel BIA parameters exhibited even higher explanatory power of body composition than PhA, with the magnitude of the associations depending on each raw BIA parameter, sex, and PHV stage (females: <em>β</em> =|0.099|–|0.429|; males: <em>β</em> = |0.106|–|0.706|; <em>P</em> ≤ 0.05). Among all raw BIA parameters, the highest associations were observed in resistance adjusted to stature (RI) (total sample and pre-PHV), parallel capacitive reactance adjusted to stature (XcpI), and capacitance (Cap) (both post-PHV).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PhA emerged as a modest marker of body composition dynamics in youth, particularly in males and during adolescence (post-PHV), whereas other raw BIA parameters, particularly RI, XcpI, and Cap, showed even greater promise in both sexes and across development stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 113089"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Third-trimester diet and prenatal depression in the MADRES cohort","authors":"Caroline Ash M.S. ,&nbsp;Luis E Maldonado Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Tingyu Yang M.S. ,&nbsp;Sandrah P Eckel Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Claudia Toledo-Corral Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Jill Johnston Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Shohreh Farzan Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Genevieve Dunton Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Carrie Breton Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Theresa Bastain Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2026.113110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2026.113110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Poor dietary intake has been linked to depression during pregnancy, but little research has examined this in Hispanic populations.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We examined third-trimester associations of study-derived dietary patterns with odds of prenatal depression and depressive symptoms in pregnant, low-income Hispanic women.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants (N = 587) were drawn from the Maternal and Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES) cohort in Los Angeles, CA. Diet was assessed using a 24-h recall tool. Women were assigned quartile rankings based on adherence to two previously derived dietary patterns: vegetables, oils, and fruit (VOF; healthier) and solid fats, refined grains, and cheese (SRC; less healthy). Depressive symptoms were defined using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale score, and a dichotomized depression outcome was defined as Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale scores ≥16.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eighteen percent of participants were classified as depressed at the third-trimester visit. Women with the greatest adherence to the healthier dietary pattern (VOF) had 59% lower odds of depression (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.86) relative to women with the lowest adherence to this dietary pattern, after adjustment for covariates. Additionally, women with moderately high (third quartile) adherence to the VOF dietary pattern had 16.9% lower depressive symptoms (95% CI: -30.5%, -0.8%) compared with women with the lowest VOF adherence. Women with the highest VOF adherence had similar, non-statistically significant lower depressive symptoms (Beta = -10.4%, 95% CI: -25.7%, 8.1%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results indicate that there are important relationships between a healthy diet and lower depression in late pregnancy, and suggest that nutritional counseling and improved neighborhood access to healthy food may be important for maternal mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 113110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re. \"Improving dietary oversight in pharmaceutical clinical trials for inborn errors of metabolism\".","authors":"Nicole Y McWhorter, Tracy B Lowe, Sara M Sarasua, Christopher L Farrell, Melanie B Gillingham","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2026.113245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2026.113245","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"113245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147974226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound assessment of muscle mass in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients and its correlation with clinical outcomes: A retrospective observational study","authors":"Tao Ding MCM ,&nbsp;Zhongman Zhang MCM ,&nbsp;Wei Li MD ,&nbsp;Yi Zhu MCM,&nbsp;Yutong Shi MCM,&nbsp;Tianshi Li MCM,&nbsp;Xufeng Chen MD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To explore the correlation between the parameters of muscle atrophy assessed by musculoskeletal ultrasound and the clinical outcomes of patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients who received ECMO treatment in the emergency intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Provincial Hospital) from August 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects. Patients were grouped based on the percentage reduction in the cross-sectional area of the rectus femoris muscle assessed by ultrasound, with a reduction of ≥10% classified into the muscle atrophy group and a reduction of &lt;10% classified into the nonmuscle atrophy group. Basic clinical data, outcome data, clinical laboratory data, and physical measurements of ECMO patients were collected and analyzed to compare the overall clinical outcomes between the two groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 45 ECMO patients were included in the study; 30 patients (66.67%) were included in the muscle atrophy group, 15 patients (33.33%) were included in the nonmuscle atrophy group, and the overall 28-day survival rate was 51.11%. The patients in the muscle atrophy group (57 [48.75, 61] years) were significantly older than those in the nonmuscle atrophy group (52 [31, 57] years, <em>P</em> = 0.028), whereas other basic clinical data, including sex, height, weight, body mass index, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, and ECMO mode, did not differ. The initial total protein value (56.44 ± 7.304) g/L and albumin value (32.61 ± 4.823) g/L in the muscle atrophy group were significantly lower than those in the nonmuscle atrophy group (total protein [61.44 ± 7.950] g/L, <em>P</em> = 0.041; albumin [37.17 ± 6.653] g/L, <em>P</em> = 0.012). The change in the psoas muscle area at the T3 level in the muscle atrophy group (−136.59 ± 72.950) mm² was significantly less than that in the nonmuscle atrophy group ([−60.23 ± 26.934] mm², <em>P</em> = 0.002), and other physical measurement data, including changes in midarm circumference and calf circumference, were not significantly different. There were no significant differences in the 28-day survival rate, ventilator-free time, or ICU stay time between the two groups of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Muscle atrophy is relatively common in ECMO patients, and bedside ultrasound assessment of the muscle atrophy status of ECMO patients has a certain degree of reliability. However, the relationship between the occurrence of muscle atrophy and patient prognosis is not clear and requires further verification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113052"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute-phase Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index is associated with swallowing function after convalescent rehabilitation in older patients with ischemic stroke: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Toshiyuki Moriyama M.D. ,&nbsp;Fumio Sato S.T. ,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Yokomichi P.T. ,&nbsp;Kei Yamanaka M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Yoji Yoshikawa M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Masaki Tachibana M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Junya Kuroda M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Eri Tanaka M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Hironori Fukumoto M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Nakane M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Post‑stroke dysphagia and malnutrition both compromise recovery. Whether the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) measured on acute admission predicts swallowing function after convalescent rehabilitation remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study retrospectively analyzed 254 with ischemic stroke patients aged ≥ 65 y (median age 79.3 y; 141 men) who were admitted within 7 d of stroke onset and subsequently transferred to convalescent rehabilitation hospitals. GNRI was calculated within 3 d of acute admission. Swallowing function was assessed with the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). Multivariate linear regression analyses with FOIS on convalescent discharge included acute-phase GNRI, age, sex, brainstem lesion, premorbid modified Rankin Scale, National Instituted of Health Stroke Scale, hemoglobin, C-reactive protein, Functional Independence Measure, days to speech therapy initiation, and baseline FOIS, which were assessed at the time of admission to the acute hospital.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-one (20.1%) had malnutrition for GNRI &lt; 92 on acute admission. Patients with malnutrition were lower FOIS on acute admission (<em>P</em> = 0.002) and convalescent discharge (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) than patients without malnutrition. Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that acute-phase GNRI (<em>β</em> = 0.151; <em>P</em> = 0.019), premorbid modified Rankin Scale (<em>β</em> = –0.149; <em>P</em> = 0.009), C-reactive protein (<em>β</em> = 0.138; <em>P</em> = 0.024), days to speech therapy initiation (<em>β</em> = –0.116; <em>P</em> = 0.031), and baseline FOIS (<em>β</em> = 0.37; P &lt; 0.001) were significantly associated with FOIS on convalescent discharge.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Acute‑phase GNRI may predict swallowing function after convalescent rehabilitation in older patients with ischemic stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the needs and preferences of oncology dietitians for mobile health apps","authors":"Olivia Solano B.A. ,&nbsp;Glen Morris Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Tammy Stump Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Christopher Colvin B.S. ,&nbsp;Gabrielle Tan B.S. ,&nbsp;Jung-Su Chang Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Annie W Lin Ph.D., R.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Mobile health (mHealth) apps are increasingly used to deliver nutrition care to cancer patients and survivors, yet little is known about how to design them for effective integration into supportive care. This study examined registered dietitians’ current mHealth practices and app preferences for supporting nutrition care for the oncology population, as well as most commonly suggested behavioral change techniques specific to cancer apps.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 17-item online questionnaire was distributed through the Oncology Dietetics Practice Group, Reddit and LinkedIn in a cross-sectional study. Surveys were filtered for complete and human-verified responses. Descriptive statistics were applied to closed-ended items, while content analysis was conducted for open-ended responses between three coders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The final sample included 50 oncology dietitians, Ninety percent of whom were interested in recommending mHealth apps as a nutrition resource for cancer patients and survivors despite 32% not using an app in practice. Dietitians expressed interest in features to deliver behavior change prompts to patients and to increase self-monitoring of dietary habits (72%). Participants also indicated interest in features that allow them to view dietary data to facilitate discussions on diet quality (78%) and energy adequacy (82%). In response to a question about preferred data types, dietitians preferred access to information about gastrointestinal symptoms (98%), macro- and micronutrient intake (90%), nutrition goal completion (84%), and food group intake (82%). Self-monitoring, goals and planning, and providing feedback to the patient were the most common features requested for a cancer app.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Oncology dietitians are interested in using and recommending apps to support nutrition care for cancer patients and survivors. The study findings can inform future efforts to tailor mHealth app features and data to support oncology nutrition care and workflow.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113069"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bibliometric analysis of trends and research hotspot shift in the relationship between Mediterranean diet and atherosclerosis since 2005","authors":"Yong Wu M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Fanrui Fu M.D. ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The Mediterranean diet is promising for the reduction of cardiovascular risks, yet certain shortcomings have been noted, including limitations in clinical investigations with regard to follow-up periods, sample sizes, and potential confounding factors and limitations in basic research, such as oversimplification of complex biological pathways and a translational gap between species. The mechanisms are also complicated. Hence, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the global research landscape and hotspots regarding the Mediterranean diet and atherosclerosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Articles focused on the Mediterranean diet and atherosclerosis published in the Science Citation Index Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection from 2005 to 2025 were retrieved. A total of 503 publications by 3205 authors from 200 journals were included. Data were analyzed and visualized using bibliometrix (R package) and VOSviewer.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this field, the annual publication number has increased since 2013. Spain and the United States were the dominant countries. The University of Barcelona was the most productive affiliation and Estruch and Martínez-González were the most productive authors. <em>Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases</em> was the journal with the highest publication numbers and the <em>American Journal of Clinical Nutrition</em> was the most cited journal. The most popular keywords shifted from “metabolic syndrome” and “olive oil” to “body mass index,” “consumption,” “gut microbiota,” and “intima-media thickness” after 2020. The summarized key mechanisms involved lipid metabolism, inflammation and oxidative stress, endothelial function, and gut microbiota.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Mediterranean diet and atherosclerosis are gaining increasing attention. There has been a thematic evolution, transitioning from broad cardiovascular and metabolic benefits and key food components to more precise, mechanistic, and personalized understanding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113050"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summary of best evidence for nutritional and dietary interventions in managing chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity in cancer patients","authors":"Wei Peng MSc ,&nbsp;Xiao Yu Wang PhD ,&nbsp;Meng Xue Chen PhD ,&nbsp;Hong Rui Shi PhD ,&nbsp;Xin Xin Fan MSc ,&nbsp;Yu Jie Xu PhD ,&nbsp;Guo Cheng PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity (CIGT) is one of the most frequent and debilitating adverse effects of cancer treatment, leading to impaired quality of life, malnutrition, treatment interruptions, and increased health care burden. Nutritional and dietary interventions have been recognized as essential strategies for the prevention and management of CIGT.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to provide an evidence-based foundation for clinical practice by systematically searching, evaluating, and summarizing the best available evidence on nutritional and dietary interventions for the prevention and management CIGT in cancer patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following the “6S” evidence resource model, a top-down retrieval strategy was used to search relevant guidelines, best practices, evidence summaries, systematic reviews (SRs), and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between October 2014 and October 2025. Two reviewers independently screened, appraised, and extracted data. Evidence quality was graded using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) system.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 25 publications were included, comprising 2 guidelines, 3 clinical decisions, 2 expert consensus, 14 SRs, and 4 RCTs. Through induction and synthesis, 30 best evidence items were identified and summarized into 6 thematic domains: general principles, management of general gastrointestinal side effects, alleviation of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, alleviation of intestinal mucositis, alleviation of diarrhea, and nutritional education and support.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study summarized the best evidence for nutritional and dietary interventions for the prevention and management of CIGT from six aspects, providing a scientific basis for health care professionals to design and implement nutritional care strategies that improve treatment tolerance, enhance nutritional status, and optimize patient outcomes. Local adaptation of these recommendations is encouraged, considering individual patient characteristics, clinical settings, and health care resources to ensure effective implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113062"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}