Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Keto-Therapy: Unveiling the Potential of Ketogenic Diet in Psychiatric Care—A Scoping Review","authors":"Margherita Boltri ,&nbsp;Alberto Scalia ,&nbsp;Federico Brusa ,&nbsp;Francesca Manzo ,&nbsp;Emanuela Apicella ,&nbsp;Leonardo Mendolicchio","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Within the framework of gut–brain interactions, the ketogenic diet (KD), a high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and moderate-protein dietary intervention, has gained attention for its potential in psychiatric care. Renowned for its efficacy in managing obesity, KD has demonstrated effectiveness in facilitating weight loss and inducing favorable metabolic changes in the short term. With its established benefits in neurological disorders, KD is now being investigated as a potential therapeutic avenue for individuals with psychiatric conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This scoping review aims to summarize the latest studies on this topic, consider clinical implications, and suggest future research directions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Records were systematically (PRISMA-ScR guidelines) identified through PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCOhost searches.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 58 studies were initially identified, with 13 meeting the eligibility criteria. While clinical trials remain limited, emerging evidence from case reports, case series, and pilot studies highlights the potential of a KD in reducing symptoms across psychiatric conditions, including mood disorders, psychotic disorders, alcohol use, and eating disorders. A KD shows potential in reducing cravings in eating and alcohol use disorders by stabilizing brain metabolism and modulating addictive behaviors, while its neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects may contribute to symptom improvement in mood and psychotic disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Implementing a KD in patients with mental disorders seems to be a feasible and well-tolerated approach, resulting in psychiatric symptom reduction and improvements in metabolic health. Most interestingly, research suggests that KD can also be safely implemented in the care of patients with addictive-like eating disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 112710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143547852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmental phase angle and the extracellular to intracellular water ratio are associated with functional disability in community-dwelling older adults: A follow-up study of up to 12 years","authors":"Yujiro Asano MS ,&nbsp;Kenji Tsunoda PhD ,&nbsp;Koki Nagata PhD ,&nbsp;Namhoon Lim MS ,&nbsp;Taishi Tsuji PhD ,&nbsp;Kyohei Shibuya MS ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Okura PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Muscle quality, including phase angle (PhA) and extracellular to intracellular water (ECW/ICW) ratio, assessed using multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MF-BIA) to reflect the contractile components of the muscle, muscle cell mass, and membrane condition, is associated with health outcomes. However, its association with the incidence of disabilities remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between whole-body and segmental PhA, ECW/ICW ratio, and the incidence of functional disability compared to conventional muscle mass.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 858 older adults aged ≥65 years without functional disability at baseline were followed up for 12 years. Functional disabilities were identified using the database of the Japanese Long-Term Care Insurance System. Segmental muscle quality was assessed using the raw parameters of MF-BIA, including segmental PhA and the ECW/ICW resistance ratio. For comparison, the appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) and legMI were obtained using MF-BIA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Functional disability was identified in 258 (30.1%) participants. Cox regression analysis showed that poorer leg PhA and ECW/ICW resistance ratios were significantly associated with a higher incidence of functional disability in both sexes, independent of covariates. A dose-response relationship indicated a higher risk for individuals with values below the median in the spline analysis. Conventional ALMI and legMI were not significantly associated with functional disability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PhA and ECW/ICW ratio, especially in the leg, is a better predictor of functional disability than muscle mass. Muscle quality by BIA may be a useful biomarker for screening for future disabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-protein diet based on whey protein isolate preserves muscle mass and its association with resistance training attenuates glomerular hypertrophy in rats","authors":"Eudes Thiago Pereira Ávila Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Thiago da Rosa Lima Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Paula Caroline de Almeida Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Geovane José Tolazzi B.S. ,&nbsp;Letícia Pereira Cavalcante M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Diego Luiz Doneda M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Gabrielle Barcelo Paes B.S. ,&nbsp;Roberto Carlos Viera Junior Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Amílcar Sabino Damazo Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Fabrício Azevedo Voltarelli Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of administering a high-protein diet (HP) based on whey protein isolate (WPI) associated with ST in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-two Wistar rats were fed a diet containing either 14% WPI (normoproteic) or 35% WPI (high protein) and were subjected to stair training or kept sedentary for 12 weeks. SN = sedentary normoproteic; SH = sedentary high protein; TN = trained normoproteic; TH = trained high protein.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HP decreases food intake (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). The SH group showed a significant reduction in plasma triglycerides (<em>P</em> = 0.03). Quadriceps weight was greatest in TH, followed by SH and TN (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). Kidney weight was greater in TH, followed by SH and TN, and was greater than in SN (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). Urea levels were lowest in the SN group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The urinary space was larger in the TH and SH groups. HP and ST increased the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the gastrocnemius (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) and quadriceps (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) muscles. Hepatic glycogen deposits were highest in the SH group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>HP with 35% whey promoted satiety and increased hepatic glycogen content without affecting glycemia. Its combination with ST was more efficient in increasing muscle hypertrophy, altering plasma urea levels, and enlarging the urinary space. These findings may be related to the adaptive process of renal physiology stimulated by HP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112708"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low sarcopenia index predicts intra-abdominal infection in patients with abdominal trauma","authors":"Fengchan Xi M.D., Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Ran Teng M.D. ,&nbsp;Bing Xiong M.D. ,&nbsp;Di Wang M.D. ,&nbsp;Nan Zheng M.D. ,&nbsp;Jinghui Cheng M.D. ,&nbsp;Wei Dong B.S. ,&nbsp;Xinwei Huang B.S. ,&nbsp;Xiling Wang Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Shanjun Tan M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Prediction of intra-abdominal infection (IAI) in patients with abdominal trauma is crucial, yet reliable predictive indicators are currently lacking. The sarcopenia index (SI) is a readily available indicator of clinical outcomes in several diseases that holds diagnostic and prognostic value. The aim of this study is to assess the predictive value of SI for IAI in patients with abdominal trauma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients with abdominal trauma. Multivariable logistic analyses were used to identify independent factors of IAI. We divided patients into 2 groups based on sex. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the performance of SI in predicting IAI. Then, based on the cut-off values of the SI established for males and females, we stratified patients into high and low-IAI risk groups to compare clinical outcomes. Spearman correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 378 participants with abdominal trauma were included. Multivariable logistic analyses identified SI as an independent risk factor for IAI in both males [odds ratio (OR): 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-0.90, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001] and females (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.51-0.91, <em>P</em> = 0.009). The area under the ROC curve for SI in predicting IAI was 0.712 for males and 0.733 for females, with optimal cut-off values of 81.430 for males and 57.907 for females. Furthermore, SI showed significant correlations with the length of hospital stay (<em>P</em> = 0.003) and hospital costs (<em>P</em> = 0.042).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SI was identified as an independent risk factor for IAI in patients with abdominal trauma, offering predictive value for both genders. SI correlates with poor clinical outcomes. This might provide new ideas and theoretical guidance for diagnosing and treating IAI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on the mechanism and treatment of cachexia based on tumor microenvironment","authors":"Bochen Zhao ,&nbsp;Gege Shi ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Shi ,&nbsp;Zhaozhao Li ,&nbsp;Yang Xiao ,&nbsp;Yueyuan Qiu ,&nbsp;Lei He ,&nbsp;Fei Xie ,&nbsp;Duo Yu ,&nbsp;Haiyan Cao ,&nbsp;Haichen Du ,&nbsp;Jieyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Zhou ,&nbsp;Caiyi Jiang ,&nbsp;Weina Li ,&nbsp;Meng Li ,&nbsp;Zhaowei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cachexia is a prevalent multifactorial syndrome characterized by a substantial decrease in food intake, which results from processes such as proteolysis, lipolysis, inflammatory activation, and autophagy, ultimately leading to weight loss. In cancer patients, this condition is referred to as cancer-related cachexia (CRC) and affects over 50% of this population. A comprehensive understanding of the intricate interactions between tumors and the host organism is essential for the development of effective treatments for tumor cachexia. This review aims to elucidate the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the pathogenesis of tumor-associated cachexia and to summarize the current evidence supporting treatment modalities that target the TME.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112697"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of carbohydrate reduced diet associated with strength training on clinical signs of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Randomized clinical trial","authors":"Laura Colonetti MSc ,&nbsp;Maria Laura Rodrigues Uggioni MSc ,&nbsp;Gabriele da Silveira Prestes PhD ,&nbsp;Luana Stangherlin PhD ,&nbsp;João Carlos Denoni Junior BSc ,&nbsp;Rafael Moura BSc ,&nbsp;Erica da Silva Sipriano BSc ,&nbsp;Kristian Madeira PhD ,&nbsp;Hemmylly Silveira Cardoso BSc ,&nbsp;Sarah Dagostin Ferraz BSc ,&nbsp;Mateus Marcelo Baptista BSc ,&nbsp;Antonio Jose Grande PhD ,&nbsp;Luciane Bisognin Ceretta PhD ,&nbsp;Maria Inês da Rosa PhD ,&nbsp;Tamy Colonetti PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet associated with strength training on the clinical signs of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).</div></div><div><h3>Research Methods and Procedures</h3><div>A randomized clinical trial was carried out including 29 women over 18 years old diagnosed with PCOS, randomized into two groups, with follow-up for 12 weeks: the low-carbohydrate diet group associated with strength exercise (LCDE); and the standard diet group associated with strength exercise (SDE). We evaluated manifestations of acne, hirsutism by the Ferriman–Gallwey scale and alopecia by the Ludwig–Savin scale, and assessed laboratory tests for total and free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. The collected data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS software version 21.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study showed statistically significant differences in the hormonal levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (<em>P</em> = 0.045), luteinizing hormone (<em>P</em> = 0.017) and follicle-stimulating hormone (<em>P</em> = 0.014) when comparing the LCDE and SDE groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>the intervention used can promote an improvement in the clinical presentation of PCOS, especially in hormonal parameters. The clinical trial was registered on the REBEC platform (Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials) under number RBR4wjqxcv (Carbohydrate Reduction and Exercise in Women with PCOS) and is available on the website: <span><span>https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-4wjqxcv</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving diet quality and nutrient intake in pediatric cystic fibrosis patients: The role of nutrition education","authors":"Merve Pehlivan Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Gökhan Baysoy M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Having an optimal nutritional status and getting adequate energy and nutrients are important factors that affect the success of the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) and increase survival. The objective of this study was to determine the nutritional status, nutritional intake, and dietary quality among children aged 2 to 14 with CF. We aimed to assess the impact of a nutrition education intervention provided to mothers on these parameters and compare the results with a control group.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants (<em>n</em> = 46) were divided into two groups, one group received nutrition education, the other group did not receive any intervention, and all participants were followed up in the 1st and 3rd months of the study. Each participant completed a questionnaire form prepared by the researcher including general information about the patient, anthropometric data, 3-day dietary intake, and Mediterranean Diet Quality Index.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>While the children's Mediterranean Diet Quality Index scores did not change significantly during the study period, the proportion of children in the education group who had adequate nutrition according to body mass index percentile for age increased from 42.0% to 48.0%. In addition, energy (kcal), fat (g), and monounsaturated fatty acids (g) intake, vitamin D, E, K, B6, biotin, and iron intakes of the education group increased significantly during the study (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study contributes to the literature by showing that nutrition education given to mothers for CF children, improves the nutritional status of children and increases their energy and nutrient intakes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-restricted feeding reduces inflammatory markers and downregulates JAG1 and NICD protein levels in the liver of aged mice","authors":"Ana Paula Azevêdo Macêdo MSc ,&nbsp;Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto PhD ,&nbsp;Guilherme Correia Ferri Antonio ,&nbsp;Rafael Calais Gaspar PhD ,&nbsp;Robson Damasceno de Lima PhD ,&nbsp;Larissa Moreira Dias ,&nbsp;Renan Fudoli Lins Vieira MSc ,&nbsp;Vitor Rosetto Muñoz PhD ,&nbsp;Diego Trevisan Brunelli PhD ,&nbsp;Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva PhD ,&nbsp;Dennys Esper Cintra PhD ,&nbsp;Eduardo Rochete Ropelle PhD ,&nbsp;José Rodrigo Pauli PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The present study aimed to assess whether Time-Restricted Feeding (TRF) modulates inflammation and hepatic Notch1 signalling in C57BL/6J-aged mice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adult mice submitted to the ad libitum diet, aged (24 months-old) submitted to the ad libitum diet and, aged-TRF (24 months-old) subjected to the TRF (12 hours fed in the active cycle and 12 hours fasting in the light cycle) for 8 weeks. We investigated metabolic parameters, liver histology, metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease activity score, collagen fiber, hepatic mitochondrial respiration, and publicly available liver Rna-seq datasets from human livers in diverse clinical conditions to clarify Notch1 involvement in liver health.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our results demonstrated that aged mice (24 months old) showed increases in body weight, liver mass, Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD), and inflammatory markers (NFκB and TLR4 protein levels) in the liver when compared to adult animals. On the other hand, aged mice submitted to a TRF protocol showed reductions in inflammation and collagen fibers, which was accompanied by lower protein content of JAGGED1 and NICD in the liver. Furthermore, aged-TRF mice demonstrated increased liver mitochondrial respiration coupled with ATP production compared to the aged groups. Publicly available liver RNA-seq datasets in humans support our findings, indicating the upregulation of NOTCH1 in fibrosis and inflammation development.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>TRF can reduce inflammatory markers and protein content of JAGGED1 and NICD in the liver of aged mice, which can contribute to tissue health and cellular longevity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112691"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of time-restricted feeding on glycemic indices, vascular oxidative stress, and inflammation in an obese prediabetes rat model induced by a high-fat diet and sugar drink","authors":"Siti Qusyasyiah Ahmad Suhaimi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Khusairi Azemi ,&nbsp;Siti Safiah Mokhtar ,&nbsp;Anani Aila Mat Zin ,&nbsp;Aida Hanum Ghulam Rasool","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the effects of time-restricted feeding (TRF) on glycaemic indices and aortic tissue oxidative stress and inflammation in an obese prediabetes rat model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and Procedures</h3><div>Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two normal and four obese groups. Obese prediabetes was induced by feeding a high-fat diet and sucrose water (HFSD) for 10 weeks; normal rats were given a standard diet and plain water. For the next 6 weeks, rats were grouped into the normal group (NR), which continued on the standard diet; the normal group was switched to TRF with the standard diet (NR + TRFSD); the prediabetes group (OR) was continued on HFSD; the prediabetes group was switched to TRF of HFSD (OR + TRFHFSD); the prediabetes group was switched to TRF of the standard diet (OR + TRFSD); and the prediabetes group was switched to the standard diet (OR + SD). Rats were then sacrificed, and aortic tissues were isolated and quantified for oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, and inflammation markers tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin 1. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weight, Lee's index, serum insulin level, and resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) were also measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean FBG and body weight in obese groups were higher compared to the normal groups after 10 weeks of HFDSD. Both obese-prediabetes groups that underwent TRF had reduced levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 1, body weight, Lee's index, FBG, and insulin resistance. Furthermore, obese prediabetes on TRF with SD also reduced levels of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), insulin levels and increased levels of the antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TRF reduced weight, improved glycaemic indices, vascular oxidative stress, and inflammation in obese-prediabetic rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112692"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of orthorexia nervosa among pregnant women in Turkey: A descriptive and correlational study","authors":"Yasemin Sökmen PhD, RM ,&nbsp;Aylar Miabi Midwife","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.112693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Nutritional disorders during pregnancy negatively affect maternal and fetal health, causing low birth weight, prematurity, and mortality. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and associated factors of orthorexia nervosa among pregnant women in Turkey.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A descriptive and correlational research design was used. The study was conducted between August and October 2023. The research population consisted of pregnant women who came to a public hospital in the north of Turkey for routine pregnancy follow-up, and the sample included 417 individuals who volunteered to participate in the research and were selected using the sampling of the known population method. Study data were collected using a Personal Information Form and the ORTO-11 Scale, and chi-square test, Binary Logistic Regression analysis were employed to analyze the data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In our study, the prevalence of orthorexia nervosa during pregnancy was found to be 8.9%. There were significant positive associations between orthorexia nervosa and lower education level [AOR (Adjusted odds ratio):0.117, 95% CI (Confidence interval): (0.015–0.972)], higher physical activity frequency [AOR:4.166, 95% CI: (1.270–13.553)], and unplanned pregnancy [AOR:7.865, 95% CI: (2.630–23.515)].</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In conclusion, it was determined that approximately one in every eleven pregnant women experienced orthorexia nervosa and the level of education, frequency of physical activity, and pregnancy planning status of pregnant women affected it. It is very important for health professionals to provide education about nutrition during pregnancy and to determine eating disorders at an early stage for the health of the mother, fetus, and society.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 112693"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}