Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Segmental phase angle can predict incidence of severe exacerbation in male patients with COPD","authors":"Takeshi Kobayashi M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Murakami M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Hiroto Ono ,&nbsp;Shintaro Togashi Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Tsuneyuki Takahashi Ph.D., M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate whether segmental phase angle (PhA) is a useful predictor of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation.</div></div><div><h3>Research methods and procedures</h3><div>This prospective cohort study enrolled consecutive patients with COPD with a follow-up period of 3 years. The primary outcome was incidence of severe exacerbation. PhA was measured for the whole body and segmental body sites (trunk and upper and lower limbs). We used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to determine the cut-off values and area under the curve (AUC) for predicting exacerbation based on PhA. We applied Cox proportional hazard regression analyses to estimate the independent prognostic effect of PhA on the incidence of severe exacerbation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We analyzed 108 male participants (mean age 75.1±7.9 years) and the median follow-up period was 1082 [643–1103] days, with an annual severe exacerbation incidence rate of 0.23 per person-year. ROC analysis revealed that the AUC for Whole-body and segmental PhA were as follows: Whole-body: AUC = 0.69 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.59–0.79); right arm: AUC = 0.65 (95% CI = 0.53–0.77); left arm: AUC = 0.68 (95% CI = 0.56–0.79); right leg: AUC = 0.73 (95% CI = 0.64–0.82); left leg: AUC = 0.71 (95% CI = 0.62–0.81); trunk: AUC = 0.58 (95% CI = 0.46–0.69). Cox proportional hazard analysis demonstrated that PhA of the right leg (hazard ratio [HR]=3.50, 95% CI=1.33–9.20), left leg (HR=3.26, 95% CI=1.18–9.04), and left arm (HR=2.61, 95% CI=1.17–6.80) were independently and significantly associated with incidence of severe exacerbation. Whole and trunk PhA were not significantly associated with the incidence of severe exacerbation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Segmental PhA may serve as a valuable predictive indicator of severe exacerbation in male patients with COPD. Notably, both leg PhA were strongly associated with the occurrence of severe exacerbations.</div></div><div><h3>Registry Number</h3><div>UMIN000044824.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"132 ","pages":"Article 112681"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics and undernourishment impact on brain 5-Hydroxytryptamine system and neurotrophin BDNF in rats: Risk of depression and anxiety?","authors":"Samantha Timoteo Oliveira da Fonseca ,&nbsp;Cláudia Cristina Alves ,&nbsp;Clarissa Tavares Dias ,&nbsp;Cristiano Mendes-da-Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Undernourishment can significantly affect the serotonergic system, potentially increasing the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. Probiotic therapy has emerged as a potential modulator of the serotonergic system and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Our hypothesis posits that probiotic treatment positively influences the serotonergic system and BDNF levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP), mitigating the effects of malnutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted an experiment using 38 adult isogenic rats, divided into four groups: nourished control (n = 9), undernourished control (n = 9), nourished probiotic (n = 10), and undernourished probiotic (n = 10). The animals experienced undernourishment for 10 days, followed by probiotic supplementation while continuing food restriction for an additional 15 days. On the 25th day of the experiment, we euthanized the animals, microdissected their brains, and extracted samples from the HIP and PFC. We performed immunoblotting analysis to assess the expression levels of the following proteins: BDNF, tryptophan hydroxylase 2 enzyme, and 5-HT1A and 5-HT2C serotonergic receptors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings revealed the following effects of probiotic administration: tryptophan hydroxylase 2 expression increased in the PFC of nourished rats (<em>P</em> = 0.033) and in the HIP of undernourished rats (<em>P</em> = 0.013); improved 5-HT2C expression was observed in the PFC under both nutritional conditions (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The proBDNF levels were elevated in the HIP of undernourished rats (<em>P</em> = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Probiotic administration effectively modulated the gut-microbiota-brain axis by enhancing serotonergic system proteins in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of both nourished and undernourished rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"132 ","pages":"Article 112680"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Note from the incoming Co-Editor in Chief","authors":"M. Isabel T.D. Correia M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112677","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 112677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional assessment of patients with liver cirrhosis in the outpatient setting: A narrative review","authors":"Stuart Bartlett ,&nbsp;Tsz Hong Yiu ,&nbsp;Zina Valaydon","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malnutrition is common in liver cirrhosis and is associated with increased rates of complications, hospitalization, and mortality. There are no consensus guidelines for malnutrition assessment in liver cirrhosis and a large number of clinicians do not routinely assess for malnutrition in patients with liver cirrhosis. This review explores the tools available for assessment of malnutrition in patients with liver cirrhosis, including nutritional screening protocols, anthropometric tools, biochemical tools, techniques analyzing body composition and functional assessments. We evaluate these tools and offer recommendations regarding their suitability for outpatient settings. In this review, we recommend the Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritising Tool for identifying patients at risk of malnutrition. Additionally, we recommend the use of the anthropometric tools Triceps Skinfold Thickness for females and Mid-Arm Muscle Circumference for males, due to differing patterns of muscle and fat malnutrition. Complementing this Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis can be utilized to assess body composition for the diagnosis of malnutrition. Biochemical markers have thus far failed to show a correlation with malnutrition. While hand grip strength is useful for detecting sarcopenia, a common complication of malnutrition, further evidence is required to validate its correlation with malnutrition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"132 ","pages":"Article 112675"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling predictive factors for household-level stunting in India: A machine learning approach using NFHS-5 and satellite-driven data","authors":"Prashant Kumar Arya PhD ,&nbsp;Koyel Sur PhD ,&nbsp;Tanushree Kundu PhD ,&nbsp;Siddharth Dhote MA ,&nbsp;Shailendra Kumar Singh PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Childhood stunting remains a significant public health issue in India, affecting approximately 35% of children under 5. Despite extensive research, existing prediction models often fail to incorporate diverse data sources and address the complex interplay of socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental factors. This study bridges this gap by employing machine learning methods to predict stunting at the household level, using data from the National Family Health Survey combined with satellite-driven datasets.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used four machine learning models—random forest regression, support vector machine regression, K-nearest neighbors regression, and regularized linear regression—to examine the impact of various factors on stunting. The random forest regression model demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy and robustness.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The proportion of households below the poverty line and the dependency ratio consistently predicted stunting across all models, underscoring the importance of economic status and household structure. Moreover, the educational level of the household head and environmental variables such as average temperature and leaf area index were significant contributors. Spatial analysis revealed significant geographic clustering of high-stunting districts, notably in central and eastern India, further emphasizing the role of regional socioeconomic and environmental factors. Notably, environmental variables like average temperature and leaf area index emerged as strong predictors of stunting, highlighting how regional climate and vegetation conditions shape nutritional outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings underline the importance of comprehensive interventions that not only address socioeconomic inequities but also consider environmental factors, such as climate and vegetation, to effectively combat childhood stunting in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"132 ","pages":"Article 112674"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143029270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘Variations in vertebral muscle mass and muscle quality in adult patients with different types of cancer’ [Nutrition; 128 (2024):112553]","authors":"Martine J. Sealy Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Jona Van den Broeck M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Carola Brussaard Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Birgit Kunstman B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Aldo Scafoglieri Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Harriët Jager-Wittenaar Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112645","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 112645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ‘The higher consumption of ultra-processed foods and a pro-inflammatory diet are associated with the normal-weight obesity phenotype in Brazilian children’ [Nutrition 117 (2024) 112234]","authors":"Bruna Clemente Cota M.Nutr.Sc.,&nbsp;Mariana de Santis Filgueiras Ph.D., Nutr.Sc.,&nbsp;Patrícia Feliciano Pereira Ph.D., Nutr.Sc.,&nbsp;Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol Ph.D., Epidem.,&nbsp;Juliana Farias de Novaes Ph.D., Health.Sc.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112644","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 112644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142847397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding for cerebral small vessel disease patients with dysphagia: A randomized controlled study","authors":"Hongji Zeng M.Med. ,&nbsp;Jiaying Yang M.Med. ,&nbsp;Weijia Zhao M.Med. ,&nbsp;Qingfeng Tian M.D. ,&nbsp;Pengchao Luo M.Med. ,&nbsp;Heping Li M.D. ,&nbsp;Liugen Wang M.Med. ,&nbsp;Yi Li M.D. ,&nbsp;Xi Zeng M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study reported the clinical effect of intermittent oro-esophageal tube feeding (IOE) versus nasogastric tube feeding (NGT) on cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients with dysphagia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This randomized controlled study included 60 CSVD patients with dysphagia who received routine treatment. Participants were randomly divided into the intervention group (with IOE, <em>n</em> = 30) and the control group (with NGT, <em>n</em> = 30). The study lasted 15 days for each patient and assessments were conducted at baseline and after treatment. The primary outcome was dysphagia including Penetration-Aspiration Scale and Functional Oral Intake Scale. The secondary outcomes were 1) nutritional status, including (i) body mass index, (ii) serum albumin, (iii) hemoglobin, 2) aspiration pneumonia, 3) activities of daily living (ADL), 4) quality of life (QOL).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At admission, there were no significant differences (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) in baseline assessment. After treatment, both groups showed significant improvement in dysphagia, nutritional status, ADL, and QOL. There were significant differences (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) between the two groups in dysphagia, nutritional status [body mass index: (19.53 ± 1.40) kg/m² vs. (18.35 ± 1.54) kg/m²; albumin: (42.06 ± 2.64) g/L vs. (39.49 ± 2.77) g/L; hemoglobin: (128.85 ± 6.34) mg/L vs. (123.14 ± 7.92) mg/L], aspiration pneumonia (6.67% vs. 33.33%), ADL [(69.07 ± 6.33) vs. (63.56 ± 6.75)], and QOL [(78.07 ± 8.64) vs. (72.48 ± 7.76)]. There were no severe adverse events during the treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Compared to NGT, IOE demonstrated advantages in improving dysphagia, nutritional status, ADL, QOL, and aspiration pneumonia in CSVD patients with dysphagia who received routine treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 112673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fad diets for non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients: Can “the miracle diet” be a threat?","authors":"Isabela S.C. Brum M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Ludmila F.M.F. Cardozo Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Livia Alvarenga Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Julie A. Kemp Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Beatriz G. Baptista M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Isadora K. Britto M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Natália A. Borges Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Dani Renouf M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Michelle M.Y. Wong M.D. ,&nbsp;Denis Fouque M.D. ,&nbsp;Denise Mafra Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the pursuit of an effortless \"miracle cure\", there has been a significant increase in the proliferation of fad diets. These diets generally exclude a food group or macronutrients and may also restrict energy intake; they become popular quickly but often lack substantial scientific evidence to support their efficacy and safety. They only show short-term results rather than promoting a lifestyle change. Fad diets are nutritionally unbalanced and can be dangerous for some individuals. Most fad diets are generally restrictive in carbohydrates, high in protein, or unbalanced and have low energy intake, which can harm patients with early stages of chronic kidney damage (CKD) who need a low-protein diet with adequate energy intake. This narrative review discusses the risk of fad diet prescriptions for non-dialysis CKD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"132 ","pages":"Article 112668"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) plus Patient- and Nutrition-Derived Outcome Risk Assessment Score (PANDORA) predicts intensive care mortality: A 180-day follow-up study","authors":"Arzu Okyar Baş M.D. ,&nbsp;Meltem Mermer M.D. ,&nbsp;Mert Eşme Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aim</h3><div>Malnutrition is strongly related to mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The Patient- and Nutrition-Derived Outcome Risk Assessment Score (PANDORA) is a novel mortality prediction tool encompassing nutritional assessment. Since there is limited evidence regarding the power of PANDORA in predicting mortality in critically ill patients, we aimed to evaluate the benefit of adding PANDORA to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) for mortality prediction in the ICU setting by comparing it with the other valid mortality predictors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 251 ICU patients were enrolled in the study. Malnutrition evaluation tools (i.e., GLIM criteria, The nutritional risk screening 2002, The modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill score), and mortality/disease severity tools (PANDORA, The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) were performed. Scores ≥43 were defined as high PANDORA score.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age (IQR) of participants was 67 (52–78) years, and 47.0% (<em>n</em> = 118) were female. Patients were evaluated according to 30th, 60th, 90th, and 180th-day mortalities. In all groups, patients were older, had a lower body mass index and longer hospitalization time, and were more likely to have malnutrition and higher PANDORA, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores. In the Cox regression analyses, even if adjusted for various confounders, malnutrition according to GLIM criteria and a high PANDORA score had the highest hazard ratio (HR) for mortality (HR: 3.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.49–8.77; <em>P</em> = 0.004, HR: 3.71; 95% CI: 1.69–8.12; <em>P</em> = 0.001, HR: 3.46; 95% CI: 1.69–7.06; <em>P</em> = 0.001 and HR: 4.00; 95% CI: 1.98–8.09; <em>P</em> = 0.004 for 30th, 60th, 90th, and 180th days, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>PANDORA is a valid tool for predicting mortality in ICU patients. Furthermore, to our knowledge this is the first study to reveal that integrating GLIM criteria into PANDORA may enhance its power in this setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 112672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}