Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Dairy intake and risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome: A narrative review","authors":"Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran PhD ,&nbsp;Viswanathan Mohan PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dairy products are important components of human health. While some studies claim that dairy increases the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), several large studies have shown the beneficial impact of dairy consumption. The objective of this review is to highlight the effect of dairy intake on T2D and MetS using recent evidence (published within the last decade) from large epidemiological studies, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and Mendelian randomization (MR) and multi-omics studies, and to provide plausible underlying biological mechanisms linking dairy consumption with the risk of T2D and MetS. Given the increasing prevalence of T2D and MetS, it is important to understand the benefits and/or risks of milk and dairy products in the diet. Based on all available evidence from large-scale epidemiological studies, MR analyses, and RCTs, the beneficial impact of dairy products as part of a healthy diet plan appears to be an additional way of mitigating the risk of T2D and MetS. The evidence for a protective effect appears to be undisputed for fermented dairy products like yogurt. For milk, most studies were either protective or neutral, with very few showing a deleterious effect, and with respect to cheese and butter, there were studies showing a deleterious effect, but the grade of evidence was weak. Further mechanistic studies combined with large prospective studies and RCTs in ethnically diverse populations, taking into account sufficient dose and duration, are warranted to get a more complete understanding of dairy consumption and T2D risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113064"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and predictors of malnutrition during chemotherapy among adults with cancer in Ethiopia: A prospective longitudinal study","authors":"Awole Seid MSc ,&nbsp;Zelalem Debebe MD ,&nbsp;Abebe Ayelign PhD ,&nbsp;Bilal Shikur Endris PhD ,&nbsp;Mathewos Assefa MD ,&nbsp;Ahmedin Jemal PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The aim of this study was to investigate the trajectory of malnutrition and predictors during chemotherapy among adults with cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 400 adults from February 2024 to April 2025. Measurements were taken at three intervals: prior to initiation of chemotherapy (<em>T</em>₀), midcycle (<em>T</em>₁), and upon completion of treatment (<em>T</em>₂). Nutritional status was evaluated using the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment. A mixed-effects ordinal regression was employed to identify the trend and predictors of malnutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 38% of patients did not complete chemotherapy. Among the sub-cohorts that completed treatment, severe malnutrition was 39% at baseline (<em>T</em>₀), 37.5% midcycle (<em>T</em>₁), and 31.7% end-cycle (<em>T</em>₂), showing no significant change (<em>P</em> = 0.867). However, the prevalence of underweight (BMI &lt; 18.5 kg/m²) and thinness (midupper arm circumference [MUAC] &lt; 24 cm) declined significantly during chemotherapy. Severe malnutrition was associated with lack of physical activity (AOR = 1.95), low MUAC (AOR = 3.26), upper GI cancer (AOR = 11.3), comorbidities (AOR = 2.93), poor dietary diversity (AOR = 2.62), anemia (AOR = 1.86), and poor ECOG (AOR = 2.28). Conversely, prior surgery (AOR = 0.37) reduced the odds of severe malnutrition. Moreover, severe malnutrition at chemotherapy initiation increased the risk of dropout from treatment (AOR = 2.0).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Given the attrition among nutritionally vulnerable groups, it was observed that within the sub-groups that completed treatment, nutritional status remained stable, while BMI and MUAC showed improvements. These findings underscore the critical importance of early and regular nutritional assessments and addressing modifiable risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113075"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reformulation without substitution as a strategy to reduce children’s free sugar intake in Uruguay: A simulation study","authors":"Florencia Alcaire B.Sc. ,&nbsp;Virginia Natero Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Gastón Ares Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Product reformulation is a promising strategy to address excessive free sugar consumption among children, yet mandatory programs remain rare across the globe. This study explores reformulation scenarios to reduce free sugar in processed foods without using nonsugar sweeteners in Uruguay, a high-income Latin American country.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A two-stage approach was applied: 1) development of reformulation policy scenarios, and 2) simulation of their potential impact on children’s free sugar intake. First, analysis of 2 national dietary surveys (24-h recalls) identified key product categories contributing to free sugar intake among children aged 6–59 mo and 4–13 y. A market database of processed and ultra-processed foods was then used to examine sugar content distribution. Second, the impact of each scenario was modelled by simulating changes in product sugar content within these categories and applying them to intake data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two policy options, inspired by sodium reduction strategies, were tested: maximum sugar levels and percentage reductions. Simulations indicated that percentage reductions would require reformulation of a larger proportion of products, resulting in greater decreases in average sugar content and higher effectiveness. Only this scenario yielded a statistically significant reduction in modelled free sugar and energy intake among children aged 6–59 mo. For both age groups, reductions approached 10%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sugar reformulation can lead to meaningful public health gains in the Uruguayan context. However, post-reformulation sugar intake remained above recommendations, highlighting the need for complementary measures to further discourage excessive consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113076"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the MIND diet in Alzheimer's disease patients: A case-control study on malnutrition and depression","authors":"Nurefşan Konyalıgil Öztürk Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Canan Akünal M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to examine the association between depression, malnutrition, and the Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet in Alzheimer's disease patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included 30 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 30 healthy controls. A questionnaire form including sociodemographic characteristics was applied to the individuals. In addition, anthropometric measurements, biochemical parameters, nutritional status (Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF), Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and MIND diet scores) and mental health status [Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI)].</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>BDI and BAI scores were significantly higher in the AD group compared to the control group. MIND diet score was found to be significantly lower in the AD group compared to the control group (independent t-tests, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Higher adherence to the MIND diet was significantly associated with lower malnutrition and depression scores among Alzheimer's disease patients (correlation analyses, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The risk of developing AD was found to be 2.034 times higher in those with high malnutrition status (logistic regression analysis, 95% CI; 1.143–3.621; <em>P</em> = 0.016, R²: 44.2%). Those with a high MIND diet score had an approximately 2.879-fold increased chance of being healthy (logistic regression analysis, 95% CI; 1.506–5.503; <em>P</em> = 0.001, R²: 44.2%). According to ROC analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) for the depression score was 0.946 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that adherence to the MIND diet may support nutrition and psychological well-being in AD and highlight the value of integrating nutrition-based approaches into dementia care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113077"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of oral nutritional supplements in Greece: Examining the effect of the level of knowledge of health care professionals on their use in clinical practice","authors":"Konstantina Nikolakopoulou MSc ,&nbsp;Michail Chourdakis MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Odysseas Androutsos PhD ,&nbsp;Gülistan Bahat MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Ezgi Pinar MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Tugba Erdogan MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Osman Abbasoglu MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kalliopi Anna Poulia PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Nutrition therapy can improve patients’ health outcomes and reduce health care cost. The undergraduate curriculum is often considered inadequate with respect to medical nutrition therapy, resulting in insufficient knowledge of medical nutrition therapy methodology among health care professionals (HCPs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of knowledge among HCPs regarding the use of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) in clinical practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online survey was performed with the use of a validated questionnaire consisting of 33 questions (11 on demographic characteristics and 22 on the use of ONS). HCPs working in Greece with a recognized bachelor's degree and a professional licensewere included in the study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 159 HCPs (49.1% dietitians – nutritionists, 32.7% physicians, 15.7% nurses and 2.5% pharmacists; 66.0% women; mean age: 40.5 ± 9.5 years) were analyzed. The mean number of correct responses on the use of ONS was 11.4 ± 3.0, with a higher level of knowledge being observed for questions about the principles of ONS administration in relation to their use in specific conditions. The lowest success rates were recorded for questions relating to pressure ulcers (8.2%), hip fracture surgery (13.2%), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (15.1%) and older adult patients (24.5%). Moreover, a knowledge deficit was found to be associated with younger age, role as physician, nurse, or pharmacist, limited working experience, and a lack of interest/experience in clinical nutrition (<em>p</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results of our study support the need to improve clinical nutrition education, especially for younger HCPs, those with limited experience, physicians, nurses, and pharmacists.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113056"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue: agreement and reliability between dietetic-led ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"Shayal K. Chand M.H.Sc. ,&nbsp;Lindsay D. Plank D.Phil. ,&nbsp;Kate Lambell Ph.D. ,&nbsp;John A. Windsor M.B.Ch.B, M.D., F.R.A.C.S. ,&nbsp;Carrie P. Earthman Ph.D., R.D. ,&nbsp;Warwick Vaughan M.H.Sc. ,&nbsp;Andrea J. Braakhuis Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Low muscle mass is prevalent and has detrimental effects on morbidity and mortality. Body composition assessment is essential for early detection of muscle loss and malnutrition, yet reference methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are costly and routinely inaccessible in clinical practice. Ultrasound has emerged as a promising noninvasive, bedside tool for body composition assessment.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To assess the agreement between ultrasound and MRI-measured muscle thickness and cross-sectional area (CSA) and subcutaneous adipose thickness at the bicep and quadriceps. To investigate inter- and intra-operator reliability of ultrasound measurements.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 35 healthy participants. Ultrasound images were taken by two researchers. An MRI scan was conducted during the same research visit. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analyses were performed to test agreement of ultrasound against MRI, as well as inter- and intra-operator reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean difference between measures was 0.04 mm (SD = 2.68 mm) at the right quadricep 2/3 point, showing minimal bias. The mean differences for quadricep muscle thickness ranged from -1.41 to 0.04 mm and CSA -0.07 to 0.05 cm². High ICC of &gt;0.90 were obtained for muscle and subcutaneous adipose thickness at all 5 sites when comparing ultrasound with MRI, and for the inter- and intra-operator reliability of ultrasound.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In healthy participants, ultrasound measures of muscle and subcutaneous adipose thickness had a high level of agreement compared with MRI measures. This highlights the potential to use ultrasound for body composition assessment in clinical practice and research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113068"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing ChatGPT and DeepSeek for ultra-processed food classification: AI models for nutritional research and dietary assessment","authors":"Marcus Vinicius de Oliveira Cattem Ph.D.,&nbsp;Felipe Olasagasti Machado,&nbsp;Maria Eduarda Guerreiro da Silva M.Sc.,&nbsp;Daniela Silva Canella Ph.D.,&nbsp;Josely Correa Koury Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>There is growing evidence linking the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) to adverse health outcomes. Accurate classification of foods according to the extent and purpose of industrial processing is therefore essential for improving dietary assessment and public health strategies. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of two large language models (LLMs), DeepSeek-R1 and ChatGPT o1, in classifying foods according to the NOVA classification system.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Both LLMs were tasked with categorizing a standardized list of 1,168 food items obtained from the Brazilian Food Composition Table (TBCA, version 7.0). The classifications generated by the models were compared with a reference list manually classified by a trained researcher. Quantitative analyses included the calculation of unweighted Cohen’s kappa between the LLMs, as well as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and F1 score for each model. Qualitative analyses were conducted to explore discrepancies in food classification.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ChatGPT o1 demonstrated superior performance across all evaluated metrics, achieving an accuracy of 98.0%, sensitivity of 94.7%, specificity of 99.0%, and an F1 score of 95.6%. In comparison, DeepSeek-R1 achieved an accuracy of 92.6%, sensitivity of 69.8%, specificity of 99.3%, and an F1 score of 81.1%. ChatGPT o1 also produced substantially fewer misclassifications than DeepSeek-R1 (23 versus 86, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings highlight the potential of large language models to support dietary assessment and nutrition research. The development of an automated tool based on the NOVA food classification framework is recommended to assist nutritionists and researchers, enabling faster and more consistent food classification in both clinical and research settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113066"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avoiding the collapse of the Tower of Babel in nutritional care","authors":"M. Isabel T.D. Correia M.D., Ph.D.,&nbsp;Alessandro Laviano M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113067"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Video gaming linked to unhealthy diet, poor sleep quality and lower physical activity levels in Australian University students","authors":"Thanaporn Kaewpradup Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Svetlana Deric M.Sc. ,&nbsp;Hannah Velure Uren Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Van Hoang Nguyen M.D. ,&nbsp;Leticia Radin Pereira Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Ranil Coorey Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Jonathan C.K. Wells Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Sirichai Adisakwattana Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Blossom C.M. Stephan Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Mario Siervo Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Video gaming is highly prevalent among university students, yet its health associations remain poorly understood. This study examined relationships between video gaming frequency and health in Australian university students.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey of 317 Western Australian university students assessed gaming habits, diet quality (Diet Quality Tool), physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), eating behaviors (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire), and perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale). Participants were categorized into tertiles based on gaming frequency (low [0–5 h/wk], moderate [6–10 h/wk], and high [&gt;10 h/wk]).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>High-frequency gamers had significantly poorer diet quality scores (median 45.0 versus 50.0, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), higher BMI (median 26.3 versus 22.2 kg/m², <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and worse sleep quality (PSQI score 7.0 versus 6.0, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to low-frequency gamers. Correlation analyses confirmed these associations in which gaming frequency negatively correlated with diet quality (<em>r</em> = −0.26, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and physical activity (<em>r</em> = −0.13, <em>P</em> = 0.03) and positively correlated with BMI (<em>r</em> = 0.38, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed total gaming hours independently predicted poorer diet quality (β = −0.16, <em>P</em> = 0.02) after controlling for demographic and lifestyle factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher video gaming frequency was associated with poorer diet quality and increased BMI among university students. These findings suggest excessive gaming may contribute to adverse health outcomes. Public health interventions targeting excessive or high gaming levels and promoting healthy lifestyle habits in university populations are warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113051"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145912382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral nutritional supplements in clinical nutrition: Insights into healthcare professionals’ knowledge and practices","authors":"Gülistan Bahat M.D. ,&nbsp;Tuğba Erdoğan M.D. ,&nbsp;Ezgi Pınar M.D. ,&nbsp;Serdar Özkök M.D. ,&nbsp;Mehmet Akif Karan M.D. ,&nbsp;Murat Gündüz M.D. ,&nbsp;Osman Abbasoğlu M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2025.113059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Malnutrition remains a widespread clinical challenge with significant consequences on morbidity, mortality, and healthcare utilization. Despite evidence-based guidelines, nutritional interventions are often hindered by knowledge gaps among healthcare professionals (HCPs). This study aimed to evaluate HCPs’ knowledge and practices concerning oral nutritional supplements (ONS), based on evidence-based recommendations from the Turkish Clinical Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Society (KEPAN).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between November 25 and December 26, 2022, using the SurveyMonkey platform. The questionnaire included 22 multiple-choice items derived from the KEPAN ONS consensus guideline, addressing key aspects of ONS use—indication, administration, monitoring, and discontinuation—in different clinical conditions. Demographic data were also collected. The survey was distributed via professional networks and KEPAN’s communication channels, targeting physicians, dietitians, nurses, and pharmacists.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 277 HCPs participated, predominantly dietitians (48.3%) and physicians (37.2%), with most respondents working in metropolitan hospitals. While some questions were answered correctly by the majority, 8 of 22 items were answered incorrectly by more than half of participants. Knowledge gaps were particularly pronounced in ONS use in neurological disorders (80.20% incorrect), dysphagia (78.50%), chronic kidney disease (86.20%), general indications (72.22%), diabetes (68.80%), and geriatric nutrition (73.2%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Substantial knowledge deficits exist among HCPs regarding optimal ONS use, especially in geriatrics and neurology. These findings underscore the urgent need for structured, interdisciplinary, and practice-oriented education in clinical nutrition. Tailored training, curriculum integration, and collaboration between national and international nutrition societies are essential to improve nutritional care and patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"144 ","pages":"Article 113059"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145917955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}