NutritionPub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112606
Angelo Fynn DLitt et Phil (Psychology)
{"title":"Food insecurity among students in Open Distance and e-Learning in South Africa","authors":"Angelo Fynn DLitt et Phil (Psychology)","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Food insecurity is a widely studied phenomenon; however, studies documenting food insecurity among Open Distance and e-Learning students are sadly lacking. This paper aim of this paper is to study the prevalence of food insecurity among Open Distance and e-Learning students in South Africa. The purpose is to test the common assumption that Open Distance and e-Learning students do not struggle with food insecurity as they are typically living at home or employed.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The method used in this paper was an online anonymous version of the Food Insecurity Experience Scale and was administered through Qualtrics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Only 27.9% (n = 2084) of respondents were food secure and mildly food insecure (score of 1 to 4), while those who were moderately food insecure constituted 16.7% (n = 1250) of the sample (score of 5 to 6) and those with severe food insecurity constituted 55% (n = 4130). The dependent variable was not normally distributed and therefore nonparametric measures were used to test for differences in groups, namely, the Kruskal–Wallis and the Mann–Whitney U tests.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results show that African students are more likely to experience food insecurity compared to their counterparts, while there were no substantive differences in gender. Members of the LGBTQI community were also shown to be at higher risk of food insecurity. Those whose primary income was either grants or income from an informal business were at higher risk of food insecurity than those who worked full time. The findings of this study underscore the pervasive nature of food insecurity among students in South African Open, Distance and e-Learning education</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 112606"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NutritionPub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112603
Begoña de Cuevillas Ph.D. , Jose I. Riezu-Boj Ph.D. , Fermín I. Milagro Ph.D. , Sergio Galera Alquegui Ms.C. , Nancy Babio Ph.D. , Belén Pastor-Villaescusa Ph.D. , Mercedes Gil-Campos M.D., Ph.D. , Rosaura Leis M.D., Ph.D. , Pilar De Miguel-Etayo Ph.D. , Luis A. Moreno M.D., Ph.D. , Jordi Salas-Salvadó M.D., Ph.D. , J. Alfredo Martínez M.D., Ph.D. , Santiago Navas-Carretero Ph.D.
{"title":"Parent–child microbiota relationships involved in childhood obesity: A CORALS ancillary study","authors":"Begoña de Cuevillas Ph.D. , Jose I. Riezu-Boj Ph.D. , Fermín I. Milagro Ph.D. , Sergio Galera Alquegui Ms.C. , Nancy Babio Ph.D. , Belén Pastor-Villaescusa Ph.D. , Mercedes Gil-Campos M.D., Ph.D. , Rosaura Leis M.D., Ph.D. , Pilar De Miguel-Etayo Ph.D. , Luis A. Moreno M.D., Ph.D. , Jordi Salas-Salvadó M.D., Ph.D. , J. Alfredo Martínez M.D., Ph.D. , Santiago Navas-Carretero Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Childhood obesity continues to rise worldwide. Family gut microorganisms may be associated with childhood obesity. The aim of the study was to analyze bacterial similarities in fecal microbiota composition between parent–offspring pairs as linked to body weight.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 146 father/mother and offspring pairs were categorized into four groups according to the weight status of the parent–child pair as follows: group 1, parent and child with normal weight; group 2, parent and child with overweight/obesity; group 3, parent with normal weight and child with overweight/obesity; group 4, parent with overweight/obesity and child with normal weight. Anthropometric measurements and lifestyle assessments were performed in all participants. Microbiota characteristics were determined by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Logistic regression models were performed to determine whether the abundance of any bacteria was able to predict childhood obesity. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic curves were fitted to define the relative diagnostic strength of bacterial taxa for the correct identification of childhood obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The absence/abundance of <em>Catenibacterium mitsuokai, Prevotella stercorea, Desulfovibrio piger, Massiliprevotella massiliensis</em>, and <em>Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens</em> was involved in body weight family associations. A positive relationship between <em>P. succinatutens</em> richness from parents and <em>M. massiliensis</em> from children was observed with regard to body weight status (odds ratio, 1.14, <em>P</em> = 0.013).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study describes five potential gut bacteria that may be putatively involved in family weight status relationships and appear to be useful for predicting obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 112603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dietary quality, perceived health, and psychological status as key risk factors for newly developed metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease in a longitudinal study","authors":"Xuangao Wu Ph.D. , Ting Zhang Ph.D. , Sunmin Park Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study investigated biomarkers in individuals with newly developed metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (ND-MASLD) and examined the interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors using a machine learning approach in a large longitudinal study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants were classified into four groups based on metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) status between the first and second measurements with an approximate 5-y gap. A model was developed to identify early-stage biomarkers of ND-MASLD (<em>n</em> = 1603). Nutrient intake, dietary patterns, genetic variants, and psychosocial factors were compared among the no MASLD (<em>n</em> = 60 081), recovered MASLD (<em>n</em> = 3181), persistent MASLD (<em>n</em> = 670), and ND-MASLD (<em>n</em> = 1603) groups. Their association with ND-MASLD was also predicted using a machine learning approach.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The model incorporating ND-MASLD status, age, sex, dietary inflammatory index, and metabolic syndrome (MetS), especially low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia, at the second measurement demonstrated an optimal fit. High carbohydrate intake with a high glycemic index was associated with elevated ND-MADSLD risk. Fatty liver index was lower in persistent MASLD followed by ND-MASLD, recovered MASLD, and no MASLD. Participants in the ND-MASLD group had lower vitamin D and total isoflavonoid intake and a lower modified healthy eating index, indicating unhealthy diets. The XGBoost and deep neural network models identified age, sex, MetS components, dietary antioxidants, self-rated health, psychological well-being indexes, and serum liver enzyme levels at the second measurement as significant predictors of ND-MASLD. However, polygenic risk scores were not included.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Early-stage biomarkers of ND-MASLD were closely linked to MetS incidence. Dietary quality, perceived health status, and psychological stress emerged as potential targets for MASLD prevention strategies, with lifestyle modifications potentially overriding genetic predispositions. The results indicate that preventive strategies about lifestyle modification should be developed for MASLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 112604"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NutritionPub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112596
Emmanuel O. Mensah MSc , Emmanuel K. Danyo MSc , Richard V. Asase MSc
{"title":"Exploring the effect of different diet types on ageing and age-related diseases","authors":"Emmanuel O. Mensah MSc , Emmanuel K. Danyo MSc , Richard V. Asase MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent times, there has been growing interest in understanding the factors contributing to prolonged and healthy lifespans observed in specific populations, tribes, or countries. Factors such as environmental and dietary play significant roles in shaping the ageing process and are often the focus of inquiries seeking to unravel the secrets behind longevity. Among these factors, diet emerges as a primary determinant, capable of either promoting or mitigating the onset of age-related diseases that impact the ageing trajectory. This review examines the impact of various diet types on ageing and age-related conditions, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic syndrome. Different dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet, the Japanese diet, vegetarian and vegan diets, as well as low-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets, are evaluated for their potential effects on longevity and health span. Each diet type is characterized by distinct nutritional profiles, emphasizing specific food groups, macronutrient compositions, and bioactive components, which may exert diverse effects on ageing processes and disease risk. Additionally, dietary factors such as calorie restriction, intermittent fasting, and dietary supplementation are explored for their potential anti-ageing and disease-modifying effects. Understanding the influence of various diet types on ageing and age-related diseases can inform personalized dietary recommendations and lifestyle interventions aimed at promoting healthy aging and mitigating age-associated morbidities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112596"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sarcopenia and osteoporosis in patients with psoriatic arthritis: A single-center retrospective study","authors":"Kenji Takami M.D. , Mari Higashiyama M.D., Ph.D. , Shigeyoshi Tsuji M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The risk of both osteoporosis and sarcopenia is high in inflammatory diseases, but there have been few reports of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This study aimed to evaluate the rate of sarcopenia and osteoporosis, and the association of sarcopenia with osteoporosis in patients with PsA at our institution.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The data in this study were extracted from 320 patients with PsA meeting CASPAR criteria diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2021. The 156 patients who had undergone body composition measurements with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were included.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, the rate of sarcopenia and presarcopenia were 5.1% and 16.7%. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in the presarcopenia and sarcopenia group. Furthermore, the presarcopenia and sarcopenia group had a significantly lower T-score in all regions. Multivariate analysis of the determinants of T-score for each site showed that SMI was significantly involved for the lumbar spine and the femoral neck, and BMI and rheumatoid factor positivity for the total hip.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In patients with PsA, the rate of sarcopenia was 5.1%. Osteoporosis rates for males and females were 5.7% and 7.5%, respectively. SMI, T-score, and BMI are significantly correlated with each other and should be considered in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112595"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NutritionPub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112597
Shanjun Tan M.D., Ph.D., Qiulei Xi M.D., Ph.D., Zhige Zhang M.D., Mingyue Yan M.D., Qingyang Meng M.D., Ph.D., Qiulin Zhuang M.D., Ph.D., Guohao Wu M.D., Ph.D.
{"title":"Nutritional support after hospital discharge reduces long-term mortality in patients after gastric cancer surgery: Secondary analysis of a prospective randomized trial","authors":"Shanjun Tan M.D., Ph.D., Qiulei Xi M.D., Ph.D., Zhige Zhang M.D., Mingyue Yan M.D., Qingyang Meng M.D., Ph.D., Qiulin Zhuang M.D., Ph.D., Guohao Wu M.D., Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Nutritional support after hospital discharge was found to enhance the nutritional condition of patients after cancer surgery. However, the effect of such support on long-term clinical outcomes is controversial. We thus investigated the effect of nutritional support after hospital discharge on long-term clinical outcomes in patients after gastric cancer surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a secondary analysis on individuals at nutritional risk who underwent gastric cancer surgery and were included in a randomized controlled trial. The intervention group received oral nutritional supplements combined with dietary advice, and the control group received dietary advice alone. The long-term mortality (primary outcome) and other clinical outcomes were compared between the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 321 patients were included in this analysis, with a median follow-up duration of 60.5 months. According to the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), the presence of nutritional risk was found to be a significant predictor of death. This association remained independent even after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidity, and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage. The adjusted hazard ratio for mortality increased by 1.30 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.60, <em>P</em> = 0.016) for each additional point rise in NRS. During the follow-up, a total of 64 individuals (39.5%) in the intervention group and 81 patients (50.9%) in the control group died. Consequently, the adjusted hazard ratio for mortality between the two groups was 0.69 (95% CI 0.50–0.96, <em>P</em> = 0.026). The results of interaction tests did not yield statistically significant variations in fatality rates across the age, sex, comorbidity, NRS, and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage subgroups. Nutritional support after hospital discharge significantly improved handgrip strength (adjusted coefficient 5.05, 95% CI 3.01–7.08, <em>P</em> = 0.000) in addition to other functional outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Nutritional support after hospital discharge reduced long-term mortality and improved handgrip strength among patients at nutritional risk after gastric cancer surgery. The current investigation provides evidence for the recommendation of nutritional support, for post-surgery patients after hospital discharge, in cancer management guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112597"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NutritionPub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112602
Ana Maria dos S. Rodrigues Ph.D. , Laís B. Martins Ph.D. , Gabriela B.P. Fagundes Ph.D. , Jenneffer R.B. Tibaes Ph.D. , Matheus H.A. Amaral B.S. , Érica Leandro M. Vieira Ph.D. , Marina C. Oliveira Ph.D. , Maria Isabel T.D. Correia Ph.D. , Adaliene V.M. Ferreira Ph.D.
{"title":"Acute inflammatory and metabolic effect of high fructose intake in normal-weight women: A randomized, double-masked, crossover trial","authors":"Ana Maria dos S. Rodrigues Ph.D. , Laís B. Martins Ph.D. , Gabriela B.P. Fagundes Ph.D. , Jenneffer R.B. Tibaes Ph.D. , Matheus H.A. Amaral B.S. , Érica Leandro M. Vieira Ph.D. , Marina C. Oliveira Ph.D. , Maria Isabel T.D. Correia Ph.D. , Adaliene V.M. Ferreira Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to evaluate the acute effect of a fructose-rich single meal on metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers</div></div><div><h3>Research Methods and Procedures</h3><div>This single-center, double-masked, randomized crossover trial recruited females aged 20 to 47 with a normal body mass index and was conducted at Hospital das Clínicas (Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil). Participants received a standardized meal with either sucrose, glucose, or a fructose overload. Blood samples were collected after overnight fasting (baseline) and at 30, 60, 120, and 240 minutes postprandial. Serum levels of glucose, triglycerides (primary outcome), total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor, eotaxin, and total blood leukocytes were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This trial was completed with 25 enrolled participants, and three dropped out. The per-protocol analysis included 22 participants. As expected, postprandial glycemia increased 30 minutes after consuming meals rich in sucrose (<em>P</em> = 0.045) or glucose (<em>P</em> < 0.001). Triglyceride and leucocyte concentrations increased only at 240 minutes after consuming a high-fructose meal (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Regardless of the type of carbohydrate overload, leptin concentrations decreased postprandially compared to baseline at all time points (<em>P</em> < 0.05). Four participants reported adverse events after consuming the standardized meal with glucose or fructose, including nausea and malaise.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings indicate that a fructose-rich single meal leads to a more significant increase in triglyceride and leukocyte concentrations compared to glucose and sucrose in healthy women. These findings support concerns regarding the potential inflammatory and metabolic dysfunction associated with frequent consumption of high-fructose meals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NutritionPub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112601
Ayush Mehra, Brooke E. Starkoff, Brett S. Nickerson
{"title":"The evolution of bioimpedance analysis: From traditional methods to wearable technology","authors":"Ayush Mehra, Brooke E. Starkoff, Brett S. Nickerson","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Body composition assessments are essential for understanding health and nutritional status. Traditional methods like deuterium oxide dilution, while accurate, are impractical due to cost and complexity. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) has emerged as a preferred clinical and research technique. BIA measures total body water and, by extension, fat mass and fat-free mass, based on constant hydration assumptions. Wearable BIA technology provides real-time body composition data, enhancing at-home monitoring. Although these devices show promise in measuring parameters like body fat percentage and skeletal muscle mass, accuracy discrepancies compared to methods like dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and the 4-compartment model require further validation. Addressing user adherence and environmental limitations is essential for reliable results. This narrative review examines the current landscape of wearable BIA technology. Despite challenges, wearable BIA devices offer significant benefits, emphasizing ongoing innovation and validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112601"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NutritionPub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112599
Yuto Kiuchi M.S. , Kota Tsutsumimoto Ph.D. , Kazuhei Nishimoto M.S. , Yuka Misu Ph.D. , Tomoka Ohata B.S. , Hyuma Makizako Ph.D. , Hiroyuki Shimada Ph.D.
{"title":"Effect of eating alone and depression symptoms on incident disability among community-dwelling older adults","authors":"Yuto Kiuchi M.S. , Kota Tsutsumimoto Ph.D. , Kazuhei Nishimoto M.S. , Yuka Misu Ph.D. , Tomoka Ohata B.S. , Hyuma Makizako Ph.D. , Hiroyuki Shimada Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The intent of the present study was to elucidate the association of eating alone and depressive symptoms with the development of disability among community-dwelling older adults, using a longitudinal study.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants included 4648 Japanese older adults (mean age 73.8 ± 5.4 years; 44.3% men) aged ≥ 65 years at the time of the examination. Eating status was divided into two categories: “Eating with others at least once a day” and “Other.” The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale was used to measure depressive symptoms. Incident disability was certified by long-term care insurance (median duration: 36 months).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During a median follow-up at 36 months, 8.0% of the participants developed an incident disability. Adjusted for covariates, the participants who ate alone were associated with a higher hazard ratio of incident disability compared to those who ate with others (hazard ratio: 1.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.75). However, adjusted for the covariate depressive symptoms, eating alone was not significantly associated with incident disability. Structural equation models revealed that the indirect model confirmed eating alone habits were associated with disability via depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study confirmed that eating alone was associated with an incident disability after adjusting for the covariates. Furthermore, the present study suggests an indirect relationship between eating alone and incident disability via depressive symptoms, the result of the structural equation model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112599"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NutritionPub Date : 2024-10-05DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112600
Zhenyu Huo , Siyu Luo , Feifei Chong , Ning Tong , Zongliang Lu , Mengyuan Zhang , Jie Liu , Chunshu Fang , Wei Guo , Na Li , Hongxia Xu
{"title":"Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia (GLIS)–defined sarcopenia increases the mortality of esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy: A Chinese real-world cohort study","authors":"Zhenyu Huo , Siyu Luo , Feifei Chong , Ning Tong , Zongliang Lu , Mengyuan Zhang , Jie Liu , Chunshu Fang , Wei Guo , Na Li , Hongxia Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nut.2024.112600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess the impact of the definition of the Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia (GLIS) on mortality in esophageal cancer (EC) patients, postesophagectomy, within a Chinese cohort and to validate the effectiveness of a new GLIS framework in oncology.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed an observational real-world cohort study in a single center at Daping Hospital of the Army Medical University in China, spanning from December 2014 to July 2022. We used the combined definition of muscle mass and muscle strength in a new GLIS framework for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Potential covariates were identified through univariate and multivariate analyses. The association between GLIS-defined sarcopenia and mortality was estimated using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox models. We also conducted stratified analyses to assess the stability of multivariable Cox models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 520 EC patients were included in the study, with a median follow-up of 48.7 months. A total of 229 EC patients (44.0%) were identified with GLIS-defined sarcopenia. Patients with GLIS-defined sarcopenia had significantly worse overall survival in Kaplan–Meier curves (log-rank <em>P =</em> 0.015). Age; sex; tumor, node, metastasis stage; blood glucose; bleeding volume in operation; and operating time were introduced as covariates in a fully adjusted Cox model. Multivariable-adjusted Cox models revealed that GLIS-defined sarcopenia was an independent prognostic factor for EC patients postesophagectomy (hazard ratio, 1.87, 95% confidence interval, 1.28–2.74, <em>P =</em> 0.001). Stratified analyses confirmed the stability of the relationship between GLIS-defined sarcopenia and mortality in EC patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>GLIS-defined sarcopenia is prevalent among Chinese EC patients and is linked to increased mortality risk postesophagectomy. This finding offers compelling evidence and serves as a valuable reference for the establishment of an operational definition of GLIS sarcopenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19482,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 112600"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}